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Unit 3 PHP Mern Notes

The document provides an overview of PHP and the MERN stack, detailing PHP's syntax, decision-making constructs, arrays, functions, and its integration with HTML, as well as form processing, file handling, cookies, sessions, and database interaction. It also introduces the MERN stack, which includes MongoDB, Express.js, React.js, and Node.js, highlighting their basic functionalities and examples. The document serves as a foundational guide for web development using PHP and JavaScript technologies.

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17 views4 pages

Unit 3 PHP Mern Notes

The document provides an overview of PHP and the MERN stack, detailing PHP's syntax, decision-making constructs, arrays, functions, and its integration with HTML, as well as form processing, file handling, cookies, sessions, and database interaction. It also introduces the MERN stack, which includes MongoDB, Express.js, React.js, and Node.js, highlighting their basic functionalities and examples. The document serves as a foundational guide for web development using PHP and JavaScript technologies.

Uploaded by

karann.bhanwal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
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Unit 3 Notes: PHP & MERN Stack

PHP: Introduction and Syntax


PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor) is a server-side scripting language widely used for web
development.

PHP files have extension .php and can include HTML, CSS, JavaScript and PHP code.

Example:

<?php echo 'Hello, World!'; ?>

PHP: Decision Making and Looping


PHP supports conditional and looping constructs: if, if-else, switch, for, while, do-while.

Example - if statement:

<?php
$x = 10;
if ($x > 5) {
echo 'Greater than 5';
}
?>

Example - for loop:

<?php
for ($i = 0; $i < 5; $i++) {
echo $i;
}
?>

PHP and HTML


PHP can be embedded within HTML to create dynamic web pages.

Example:

<html><body><h1><?php echo 'Welcome!'; ?></h1></body></html>

PHP Arrays
PHP arrays store multiple values: Indexed, Associative, and Multidimensional.
Example:

$arr = array('a', 'b', 'c');


echo $arr[0]; // a

PHP Functions
Functions in PHP are declared using the function keyword.

Example:

function greet($name) {
return "Hello $name!";
}

Browser Control and Detection


Detect browser info using $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'].

Redirect using header(): header('Location: http://example.com');

String Handling in PHP


PHP provides many string functions like strlen(), str_replace().

Example:

$str = 'Hello';
echo strlen($str); // 5

Form Processing in PHP


PHP can handle form data using $_GET and $_POST.

Example:

<form method='post'><input name='name'></form>


<?php echo $_POST['name']; ?>

File Handling in PHP


File handling using fopen(), fread(), fwrite(), fclose().

Example:

$handle = fopen('file.txt', 'r');


echo fread($handle, filesize('file.txt'));
Cookies and Sessions in PHP
Cookies store data on the client: setcookie('user', 'John', time()+3600);

Sessions store data on the server: session_start(); $_SESSION['user'] = 'John';

PHP with Databases


Use MySQLi or PDO for database interaction.

Example:

$conn = new mysqli('localhost', 'root', '', 'myDB');


$result = $conn->query('SELECT * FROM users');

MERN Stack: Introduction


MERN = MongoDB, Express.js, React.js, Node.js (Full Stack JavaScript Framework)

MongoDB Basics
MongoDB: NoSQL database that stores JSON-like documents.

Example document: { name: 'John', age: 30 }

Express.js Basics
Express.js: Minimal Node.js framework for creating APIs and routes.

Example:

const express = require('express');


const app = express();
app.get('/', (req, res) => res.send('Hello'));

Node.js Basics
Node.js: JavaScript runtime to run JS on the server.

Example:

const http = require('http');


http.createServer((req, res) => res.end('Hi')).listen(3000);

React.js Basics
React.js: Frontend library to create UI using components.
Single Page Application (SPA) framework.

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