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Detailed Research Topics

The document provides a simple explanation of various research topics, including the meaning and scope of research, its application in business, and different types of research designs. It discusses primary and secondary data, types of scale measurement, rating scales, and precautions for questionnaire design. Additionally, it outlines the differences between probability and non-probability sampling methods.

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10 views3 pages

Detailed Research Topics

The document provides a simple explanation of various research topics, including the meaning and scope of research, its application in business, and different types of research designs. It discusses primary and secondary data, types of scale measurement, rating scales, and precautions for questionnaire design. Additionally, it outlines the differences between probability and non-probability sampling methods.

Uploaded by

kumaripokemon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Detailed Explanation of Research Topics (Simple Language)

1. Meaning and Scope of Research

- Research means collecting and studying information to find answers or learn something new.

- It is used in many fields like business, science, and education.

- The scope of research includes solving problems, understanding topics better, and helping make

decisions.

2. Application of Research in Business

- Businesses use research to make smart decisions.

- Examples: launching new products, knowing customer needs, checking why sales are low.

Types of Research:

- Basic: To gain knowledge.

- Applied: To solve real problems.

- Exploratory: To study new topics.

- Descriptive: To describe a situation.

- Causal: To find cause-effect relationships.

- Longitudinal: Data collected over time.

- Cross-sectional: Data collected at one point in time.

3. Types of Research Design

- Explanatory: Finds out why something happens.

- Descriptive: Describes what is happening.

- Experimental: Tests something to see what changes.

4. Questionnaire (Descriptive)
- A questionnaire is a list of questions used to collect information from people.

- It is used in descriptive research to find out what people think, feel, or do.

5. Primary vs Secondary Data

- Primary Data: You collect it yourself. Example: surveys, interviews.

- Secondary Data: Already collected by others. Example: books, websites.

6. Types of Scale Measurement

- Nominal: Just names or categories. Example: Male/Female.

- Ordinal: Has order. Example: 1st, 2nd, 3rd.

- Interval: Equal gaps, no true zero. Example: Temperature.

- Ratio: Equal gaps, true zero. Example: Height, age. (Best type)

7. Types of Rating Scales

- Likert Scale: Agree or Disagree scale (1 to 5 or 1 to 7).

- Semantic Differential: Choose between two opposite words. Example: Good - - - - Bad.

- Staple Scale: Rate a word from -5 to +5.

8. Questionnaire Design Precautions

- Use simple words.

- Avoid confusing or leading questions.

- Keep it short and clear.

- Test it with a few people first.

9. Probability vs Non-Probability Sampling

- Probability Sampling: Everyone has a fair chance. Example: random sampling.


- Non-Probability Sampling: Based on convenience or judgment. Example: choosing friends to

answer a survey.

This summary covers the key points of each research topic in easy-to-understand language.

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