Electric drives Lab Manual Department of EEE

CONTENTS

Exp. Page
No. Date Name of the Experiment No. Signature

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

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Circuit diagram: Closed Loop Control of Converter Fed Dc Motor

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Exp. No.: 1 Date:

SIMULATION OF CLOSED LOOP CONTROL OF

CONVERTER FED DC MOTOR

AIM:

Draw the characteristic curve for the closed loop control of converter fed dc motor using MAT
LAB Simulation.

Material Required:

MAT LAB Soft Ware.

PROCEDURE:

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WAVEFORMS:

Speed (rpm) and Armature Current:

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Result:

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Circuit Diagram: Closed Loop Control of Chopper Fed Dc Motor

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Exp. No.: 2 Date:

SIMULATION OF CLOSED LOOP CONTROL OF

CHOPPER FED DC MOTOR

AIM:

Draw the characteristic curve for the closed loop control of converter fed dc motor using MAT
LAB Simulation.

Material Required:

MAT LAB Soft Ware.

PROCEDURE:

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WAVEFORMS:

(i) Speed(in rpm):

(ii) Armature Current and Torque:

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Result:

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Circuit diagram: VSI fed three phase induction motor:

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Exp. No.: 3 Date:

SIMULATION OF VSI FED THREE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR

Aim:-

To design and draw the circuit of Voltage Source Inverter fed three Phase Induction Motor Drive

in POWERSIM to obtain the starting speed –torque characteristics.

MATERIAL REQUIRED:

POWERSIM Software

Exercise:

* Derive the speed-torque equation of Squirrel-Cage Induction Motor.

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Model Graph:

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Result:

Starting torque =

Maximum torque =

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM: PWM PMSM Motor Control With Speed Feedback:

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Exp. No.: 4 Date:

SIMULATION OF THREE PHASE SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR DRIVE

AIM:

MATERIAL REQUIRED:

POWERSIM Software

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Model graph:

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Result:

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Circuit diagram: Three Phase Brushless DC Motor with Speed Feedback:

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Exp. No.: 5 Date:

SIMULATION OF THREE PHASE BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR

Aim:-

To design and draw the Brushless DC Motor Drive-open loop circuit in POWERSIM to obtain the speed –
torque characteristics.

MATERIAL REQUIRED:

POWERSIM Software

Exercise:

* Derive the speed-torque equation of Brushless DC motor.

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Model Graph:

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Result:

Maximum torque=

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Circuit Diagram:

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Exp. No.: 6 Date:

SIMULATION OF THREE PHASE

SWITCHEAD RELUCTANCE MOTOR DRIVE SYSTEMS

Aim:-

To design and draw the circuit of three phases Switched Reluctance Motor Drive in POWERSIM to
obtain the starting speed –torque characteristics.

MATERIAL REQUIRED:

POWERSIM Software

Exercise:

* Derive the speed-torque equation of Switched Reluctance Motor

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Model Graph:

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Result:

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Block Diagram:

MAIN
RM48 Micro DRV8301 Operating
Controller Inverter BLDC MOTOR
Driver
Circuit
Low Voltage

Circuit Diagram:

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Exp. No.: 7 Date:

ARM MICROCONTROLLER BASED SPEED CONTROL OF

BLDC MOTOR

AIM:

To Control the speed of parameter magnet Brushless DC Motor using ARM Microcontroller. This
controlling Technique is based on sensor less control.

APPARATUS REQUIRED:

1. Kit.

2. Power Chard.

3. PC.

4. Adapter.

5.230v AC Power Supply.

6. USB Cables.

THEORY:

To drive the PMBLDC motor in sensor iess mode we utilized RM48 Advanced microcontroller for
getting the feedback signal from encoder and processing it with the reference and gives control signal
pulse to the Driver drv830x which is responsible for interfacing the control signal provided by the
controller to the Thyristor family switches which is further connected to the stator winding.The machine
performance was observed in various modes.

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FLOW CHART:

Interrupt INT1
C _ int0

TINTO_ISR

Initialize S/W Modules

Save contexts and clear
interrupt flags

Initialize time Bases

Execute ADC conversion
(BEMF and current)

Confg ADC EOC and

enable INT 1 Execute Mod6 counter
module

Initialize other system and Execute instaSPIN BLDC

module Parameters module

Execute PID module

Background loop

Execute BLDC PWM DRV

INT - 1
Update Datalog and Virtual
Timer

Restore Context Return

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PROCEDURE:

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MODEL GRAPH:

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Result:

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BLOCK DIAGRAM

220V A.C

FPGA FIRING TRIAC

DIVICE ANGLE
CONTROL

MOTOR

PID CONTROLLER
LCD

SPEED SENSOR

SET POINT FROM USER ZERO CROSSING SIGNAL

FRM A.C. MAINS

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Exp. No.: 8 Date:

SPEED CONTROL OF UNIVERSAL AC MOTOR

THROUGH PID CONTROL USING FPGA

AIM:

To control the speed of universal AC Motor through PID Control using FPGA.

APPARATUS REQUIRED:

1. Kit.

2. Power Chard.

3. PC.

4. Adapter.

5.230v AC Power supply.

6. USB Cables.

THEORY:

UNIVERSAL MOTOR:

The universal motor is a type of electric motor thatcan operate on both AC and DC power.they are
commutated series- wound motors where the stators’s field coils are connected in series with the rotor
windings through a commutator.This type of electric motor can operate well on AC because the current in
both the field coils and the armature (and the resultant magnetic fields)will alternate (rervese polarity)
synchronously with the supply. Hence the resulting mechanical force will occur in a consistent direction
of rotation, independent of the direction of applied voltage, but determined by the commutator and
polarity of the field coils.

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Flow Chart:

START

INPUT
Kp, ti, ,sp

Calculate Motor Speed

Set LCD Delay

Set Timer Mode and Configure External

Interrupt

Check
Return 1
LCD
Status

Display String

Calculate Measure o/p

control o/p Speed

Stop

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Universal motors have high starting torque, run at high speed and are lightweight and are
commonly use in portable and domestic equipment. They ‘re also relatively easy to electronically control.

In this equipment speed of universal motor is controlled through PID control using FPGA.

The architecture of the PID controller is basically composed of three parallel sub-controllers.
Then, the parallel sub-controllers are grouped together to form the overall PID controller. The
proportional, integral,and derivative gains and direct output from the parallel sub-controllers and are
derived in the error domain. Thus, the proposed architecture presents an alternative to control schemes
employed so far.The integrated controller is formulated and implemented in real time using the speed
control of a AC Universal motor drive system as a test bed. The design, analysis,VHDL modeling,
control, simulation and implementation stages are carried out entirely using a XILINX web pack software
in using real-time Spartan 3E family, XC 3S 250E PQ 208.

PROCEDURE:

Result:

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Block Diagram:

Speed Control Of Induction Motor By V/F Method Using Stellaris Microcontroller:

Induction
MAIN POWER RECTIFIER INVERTER
SUPPLY
Motor

STELLARIES MICRO
CONTROLLER

DRIVE OPERATION:

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Exp. No.: 9 Date:

SPEED CONTROL OF INDUCTION MOTOR BY V/F METHOD

USING STELLARIS MICROCONTROLLER:
AIM:

To control the speed of three phase Induction motor using stellaris microcontroller by constant
voltage/frequency (V/F) method.

APPARATUS REQUIRED:

1. Kit.

2. Power Chard.

3. PC.

4. Adapter.

5.230v AC Power supply.

6. USB Cables.

THEORY:

The induction motor can be started from 0 to rated speed smoothly without any losses also the
motor can be momentarily over loaded 120%. An Induction motor is used for many industrial and home
applications for variable speed AC drives. Induction motors with squirrel cage rotors are the workhorse of
industry because of their low cost and rugged construction. When Squirrel cage induction machine is
operated directly from the line voltages (60 HZ/50HZ essentially constant voltage) the motor will run at
constant speed. However in the industry we required to vary the speed of an Induction motor. This can be
done by Induction motor drives. The harmonics generated by the power switches (IGBT) are minimized
within the circuit, since the kit is incorporated with the low pass filters.

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Torque speed Characteristics: with V/F Control

Curve and behavior of Induction Motor:

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V/F CONTROL:

The purpose of the volts per hertz control scheme is to maintain the air-gap flux of AC Induction
motor constant in order to achieve higher run-time efficiency. The magnitude of stator flux is proportional
to the ratio of stator voltage & frequency. If ratio is kept constant the stator flux remains constant &
motor torque will only depend upon slip frequency.

1. The ratio of rated voltage and frequency is known as v/f ratio.

2. By using this ratio at constant speed control is done by changing voltage and frequency simultaneously.

3. The stator flux is maintained constant, independent of the change in supply frequency.

4.The torque developed depends on the slip speed only, so by regulating the slip speed, the torque and
speed of an AC Induction motor can be controlled with the constant V/HZ Principle.

5. Torque is directly proportional with v/f ratio.

Slip speed = Synchronous speed – Actual Speed.

With V/F control, the speed range possible is from about 10% to 150% of rated speed. Below 10% of
rated speed, the volts per hertz ratio have to be progressively increased to compensate for the IR drop in
the stator. This is because at very low frequencies the stator resistance dominates the magnetizing
reactance (= 2 πf L).

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PROCEDURE:

Result:

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Circuit Diagram: control Circuit for BLDC Motor

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Exp. No.: 10 Date:

SENSORLESS FIELD ORIENTED CONTROL OF

BLDC MOTOR USIGN DSP

AIM:

To control the speed of Brush Less DC motor (BLDC) by field oriented control using DSP
TMS570LS12.

APPARATUS REQUIRED:

1. Kit.

2. Power Chard.

3. PC.

4. Adapter.

5.230v AC Power supply.

6. USB Cables.

THEORY

In this system, the sensorless trapezoidal control of BLDC motors will be experimented with and will
explore the performance of the speed controller. The BLDC motor is driven by a DRV8301 Three phase
PWM Motor Driver. The TMS570LS12X control card is used to generate three pulse width modulation
(PWM) signals. The motor is driven by an integrated power module by means of BLDC specific PWM
technique. Phase voltages and DC bus return current (I fb Ret) is measured and sent to the
TMS570LS12X via analog-to-digital converters (ADCs).

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Flow Chart:

C_int0
Interrupt INT1

TINT0_ISR
Initialize S/W
Modules

Save contexts and

clear inerrupt flags

ExecuteADCconve
Initialize time basis
rsion(BEMF and
current)

Execute Mod 6
Counter module

Confg ADC EOC

and enable INT1

Execute insta
SPIN-BLDC
modules

Initialize other
system and Execute PID
module module
parameters

Execute BLDC
PWM DRV

Back ground loop INT 1

Update data log

and virtual timer

Restore context return

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PROCEDURE:

Result

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Block Diagram:

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Exp. No.: 11 Date:

SENSOR LESS THREE PHASE BLDC MOTOR CONTROL SYSTEM

FOR ACCURATE SPEED CONTROL OF MACHINES:

AIM:

To obtain the accurate speed control of three phase BLDC motor using sensor less control system.

APPARATUS REQUIRED:

1. Kit.

2. Power Chard.

3. PC.

4. Adapter.

5.230v AC Power supply.

6. USB Cables.

THEORY:

Traditionally, Brushless DC motors are commutated in six-step pattern with commutation

controlled by position sensors. To reduce cost and complexity of the drive system, sensor less drive is
preferred. In this experiment three phase BLDC motor is operated and speed is controlled without speed
sensor back. The true back EMF of the floating motor winding is detected during off time of PWM,
because the terminal voltage of the motor is directly proportional to the phase back EMF during this
interval. Also, the back EMF voltage is referenced to ground without any common mode noise.
Therefore, this back EMF sensing method is immune to switching noise and common mode voltage. As a
result, there are no attenuation and filtering necessary for the back EMFs sensing. This unique back EMF
sensing method has superior performance to existing methods which rely on neutral voltage information,
providing much wider motor speed range at low cost.

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FLOW CHART

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PROCEDURE:

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Flow chart
Interrupt INT1

C _ int0

TINTO _ ISR

Initialize S/W Modules

Save contexts and clear
interrupt flag

Initialize Time bases

Execute ADC conversion
(BEMF and Current)

Confg ADC EOC and Enable

INT 1 Execute Mod6 counter
module

Initialize other system and Execute InstaSPIN _BLDC

module Parameters modules

Execute PID module

Background loop

Execute ipark and svgen modules

INT - 1
Execute BLDC PWM DRV

Update datalog and virtual timer

Restore the context Return

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Result:

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Block diagram

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Exp. No.: 12 Date:

PERFORMANCE AND SPEED CONTROL OF

THREE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR USING SCR PWM INVERTER

AIM:

To study the close loop operation of 3 phase AC induction motor with PID controller and PEC
14HV5C.

APPARATUS REQUIRD:

1. Trainer PEC14HV5C.

2. Three phase induction motor.

3. Inductor—4 (PEC 13 ACC1).

4. Digital PID controller.

SHORT NOTE TO DO THE EXPERIMENT:

1. Initially verify the DC converter working condition with the help of lamp load.

2. After verification of DC converter, connect inverter also.

VERIFICATION OF DC CONVERTER:

Connection Procedure:

1. Connect converter pulse output to converter pulse input and inverter pulse output to inverter
pulse input.

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2. Connect T1 to T2 terminal and T3 to T4 terminal.

3. Connect the Three phase AC input supply to the power module.

4. Connect the R,Y,B terminals of the AC motor to the Uout, Vout, Wout terminals of power
module.

5. Connect the inductor to the inductor terminals provided at the backside of the module with the
mentioned values.

6. Connect the lamp to backside of PEC14HV5C module.

7. Connect the sensor cable from motor to speed feedback terminal of digital PID controller.

8. Connect the PID output of PID controller to PEC14HV5C module in external input terminal.

EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE

1. Connections are made as per the connection procedure.

2. Make sure that pulse release switch and MCB both are in OFF condition.

3. Switch ON the PEC14HV5C and digital PID control module

4. Switch ON the MCB

5. Switch ON the external mode on the PEC14HV5C module

6. Switch ON the pulse release switch.

7. Now the LCD display the following one by one with a delay of few seconds.

WELCOME TO VI
MICROSYSTEMS

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DIGITAL PID
CONTROLLER

SELECT TE PID
3
ALGORITHM

INC – NORMAL PID

DEC – SQUARE ROOT

8. Then select the ‘NORMAL PID’ using increment key the LCD is as shown below.

INC – NORMAL MODE

DEC – MANUAL MODE

9. Then select the ‘AUTO MODE’ for close loop operation by using increment by LCD is as
shown below.

AUTO EXECUTION
Max Range = 0000

10. By using the increment, decrement and back key enter the motor max speed as 1500 and Press
enter.

11. Enter the set point as 800 and press enter. The LCD is as shown below.

AUTO EXECUTION
Set Point = 800

12. Now press ENTER key now the LCD will display as below.

AUTO EXECUTION
Enter Kp = 000.000

13. Select the 000.220 using increment and decrement key and then press enter.

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14. Now the LCD will display as below.

AUTO EXECUTION
ENTER K1 = 000.000

15. Select the 000.022 using increment and decrement key and then press enter.

16. Now the LCD will display as below.

AUTO EXECUTION
ENTER Kd = 000.000

17. Select the 000.022 using Decrement and decrement key and then press enter.

18. Now the LCD will display as below.

SET POINT = 0800

CV:000 % PV: 0

19. For the study of closed loop operation with some other values of Kp, Ki and Kd go to step 12
and vary the values of Kp, Ki and Kd using increment and decrement switch and follow the
same procedure.

Result

Thus the close loop operation of three phase induction motor with PID controller and
PEC14HV5C has been studied.

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Block diagram:

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Exp. No.: 13 Date:

SENSORLESS THREE PHASE PMSM MOTOR CONTROL USING DSP:

AIM:

To control the speed of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) by field oriented control method
using DSP.

APPARATUS REQUIRED:

1. Kit.

2. Power Chard.

3. PC.

4. Adapter.

5.230v AC Power supply.

6. USB Cables.

THEORY:

To control a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) using the DSP with TMS320F2803X
microcontrollers. TMS320F2803X devices are part of the family of C2000 microcontrollers, which enables the
cost-effective design of intelligent controllers for three phase motors by reducing system components and
increasing efficiency. With these devices,it is possible to realize far more precise digital vector control algorithms
like the field oriented control (FOC).

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PMSM CONTROL

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PROCEDURE

RESULT:

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