Microprocessors and Microcontrollers - Semester Questions and Answers
Module I - 8085 & 8086 Microprocessors
1. Draw and explain the pin diagram of 8085.
2. Draw and describe the internal architecture of 8086.
3. Differentiate between 8085 and 8086 microprocessors.
4. Explain the memory segmentation in 8086.
5. Define and explain the function of each of the segment registers in 8086.
6. Explain the concept of multiplexed address/data bus in 8085.
7. Describe the different types of addressing modes in 8085 and 8086.
8. What are the different types of interrupts in 8085? Explain with priority levels.
9. What is the role of the ALE, RD, WR, IO/M signals in 8085?
10. What is the function of the TRAP interrupt in 8085?
11. Explain the difference between hardware and software interrupts with examples.
12. What is the role of the Program Counter and Stack Pointer?
13. Explain the concept of Direct Memory Access (DMA) with a block diagram.
14. Compare synchronous and asynchronous DMA.
15. Write short notes on: HOLD, HLDA signals in 8085.
16. Write an assembly language program to add two 8-bit numbers in 8085.
17. Write an 8086 program to find the largest number in an array.
18. Explain the use of instructions like: LXI, MOV, STA, LDA, IN, OUT in 8085.
19. Describe and give examples of 8086 string manipulation instructions.
20. Differentiate between machine cycle and instruction cycle in 8085.
Module II - Peripheral Interfacing
1. Draw and explain the functional block diagram of 8255 PPI.
2. How is a timer (8253/8254) interfaced with a microprocessor? Explain with timing diagrams.
3. What are the different modes of 8255? Explain Mode 1 and Mode 2 in detail.
4. Explain the serial communication process using 8251 USART.
5. Compare memory-mapped I/O and isolated I/O.
6. How is an ADC interfaced with 8085? Explain the control signals and timing.
7. Explain the interfacing of DAC with 8085 to generate analog signals.
8. What is the role of status and control words in peripheral interfacing?
9. Explain the interfacing of a stepper motor with a microprocessor.
10. Describe the operation and interfacing of keyboard/display controllers like 8279.
11. Design a microprocessor-based system for temperature monitoring.
12. Discuss interfacing of serial I/O with interrupts and polling methods.
13. What are the challenges of system-level interfacing in embedded systems?
Module III - Advanced Architecture & Microcontrollers
1. What is cache memory? Explain its types and working principle.
2. Explain the concept of virtual memory with diagram.
3. Compare cache memory and main memory.
4. What is associative mapping in cache memory?
5. Write short notes on the features of Intel 80286 microprocessor.
6. Compare the architectural features of 80486 and Pentium.
7. What is a pipeline? How is pipelining implemented in 486?
8. Explain the use of an arithmetic coprocessor. How does 8087 work with 8086?
9. Draw and explain the pin diagram of the 8051 microcontroller.
10. Describe the function of each port in the 8051.
11. Explain the difference between microprocessor and microcontroller.
12. Describe the internal architecture of the 8051 microcontroller.
13. What are SFRs in 8051? Explain any four.
14. Write a program in 8051 to blink an LED connected to Port 1.
Module IV - RISC and ARM
1. Compare RISC and CISC architectures with examples.
2. What are the advantages and limitations of RISC architecture?
3. Explain the five-stage pipeline of a typical RISC processor.
4. Define load/store architecture in RISC systems.
5. What are the main features of ARM architecture?
6. Write a short note on ARM7 vs ARM Cortex series.
7. Explain the interrupt structure of an ARM microcontroller.
8. How is GPIO configured in an ARM microcontroller?
9. Describe interfacing of an LCD display with ARM controller.
10. Explain the role of exception modes in ARM.
11. Draw the block diagram of an ARM microcontroller and explain each block.
