به نام خدا
مروری بر مراکز داده ابری
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سرفصل مطالب
تاریخچه کالستر و مراکز داده •
مقدمه ای بر مراکز داده •
معماری مراکز داده •
نقش رایانش ابری در مرکز داده •
تعاریف مرجع رایانش ابری •
معماری مرجع رایانش ابری •
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تاریخچه ابر و مراکز داده
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ساختار عمومی کالستر و مرکز داده
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نمای جلو
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نمای پشت
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نمای داخل
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توپولوژی عمومی مرکز داده
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شبکه در مراکز داده
• A rack
• ToR (top-of-rack switch)
• 10 Gbs communication within rack
• Typically ~25 servers
آمار مراکز داده
• Datacenter instance:
• Cost in billion range
• > 100,000 servers
• Number of servers (estimates*)
• Google: ~1 mil servers
• Microsoft, Yahoo!, IBM, HP: several 100,000s each
• Amazon, Ebay, GoDaddy, Facebook, Akamai: > 50,000
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(*http://www.datacenterknowledge.com/archives/2009/05/14/whos-got-the-most-web-servers/)
توزیع مراکز داده آمازون
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استانداردهای مورد استفاده در مراکز داده
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ساختار سلسله مراتبی در مراکز داده یا کالستر
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الیه های مرکز داده
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مثالی از افزونگی
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امنیت فیزیکی (سرویس های خاص)
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شبکه های میان ارتباطی
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شبکه فیزیکی و شبکه مجازی
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رابطه بین تاخیر /پهنای باند /ظرفیت
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ارتباطات بین مراکز داده آمازون
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http://www.turnkeylinux.org/blog/aws-datacenters
http://turnkeylinux.github.io/aws-datacenters
روندهای برتر در مرکز داده
2009 2010 2011
1 Virtualization
2009
2 Data Deluge
3 Energy and Green IT Mid-2009
4 Complex Resource
Tracking
2009–2010
5 Consumerization
and Social Software
6 Unified
Communications 2010
7 Mobile and Wireless
8 System Density
2010–2011 22
9 Mashups and
Portals
10 Cloud Computing
Open Data Center Alliance (ODCA)
for Cloud Computing
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www.opendatacenteralliance.org
)1( ODCA برخی موضوعات مطرح در
• Compute Infrastructure as a Service (CIaaS)
• meet all possible permutations of demand and capabilities
• Cloud Storage
• scale-out
• Software-Defined Networking (SDN) / Network Functions Virtualization (NFV)
• migrating existing network technologies to IaaS products
• Information as a Service (InfoaaS) - Big Data and cloud computing
• Moving from traditional data management models to InfoaaS
• Data security
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)2(ODCA برخی موضوعات مطرح در
• Platform as a Service
• Scalability
• Interoperability
• vendor lock-in
• Software as a Service (SaaS)
• integrate into an existing enterprise environment
• interoperability
• Security
• Identity Governance and Auditing
• Data Security Framework
• e-Discovery and Forensics
• Single Sign On Authentication
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ISO/IEC 17788 تعاریف مرجع رایانش ابری
• Key characteristics of cloud computing are:
• Broad network access
• Measured service
• Multi-tenancy
• On-demand self-service
• Rapid elasticity and scalability
• Resource pooling
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نقش ها
(Roles)
• Cloud service customer
• Cloud service partner
• Cloud service provider
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توانمندی های ابری
(Capabilities Types)
• Application capabilities type
• Infrastructure capabilities type
• Platform capabilities type
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دسته های سرویس
(Service Categories)
• Communications as a Service (CaaS)
• Compute as a Service (CompaaS)
• Data Storage as a Service (DSaaS)
• Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
• Network as a Service (NaaS)
• Platform as a Service (PaaS)
• Software as a Service (SaaS)
• Database as a Service
• Desktop as a Service
• Email as a Service
• Identity as a Service
• Management as a Service
• Security as a Service
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دسته های عمومی ارایه سرویس
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Community Cloud مدل های استقرار
(Deployment Models)
Public Cloud
Hybrid Cloud Federated Cloud
Private Cloud
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Mobile Cloud
جنبه های مختلف
(Cross Cutting Aspects)
• auditability; • protection of personally identifiable
• availability; information;
• governance; • regulatory;
• interoperability; • resiliency;
• maintenance and versioning; • reversibility;
• performance; • security;
• portability; • service levels and service level agreement
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معماری مرجع رایانش ابری ISO/IEC 17789
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نقش ها و زیر نقش ها
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فعالیت های مشتری CSC :
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)task( نمونه وظایف
Connect ICT systems to cloud services
• assessing the impact of cloud service(s) on existing processes, systems and services;
• mapping business data between cloud service customer's existing ICT systems and cloud services;
• invoking cloud service operations from existing ICT components and applications, with the supply of input
data and the handling of output data;
• provisioning of access rights for CSC:cloud service users;
• defining and implementing security related requirements, including the confidentiality and integrity of data
flows;
• integrating customer facilities for the administration of user accounts, security roles, identities and
permissions with the equivalent facilities for the cloud services;
• creating and monitoring specific user accounts and identities for the use of management interfaces for
cloud services;
• integrating logging and security incident management between cloud services and cloud service customer
monitoring and management infrastructure.
فعالیت های سرویس دهنده CSP :
مثالی از وظایف
Ensure compliance
• ensuring that the implementation of the cloud service and its supporting
infrastructure meets the requirements of any standards that need to be
supported, for example, the standards can be required by the target
customer set, or can be required by the certification scheme that the
provider has chosen to assure the service;
• ensuring that the implementation of the cloud service and its supporting
infrastructure (including data handling) meets any regulatory requirements
that can exist for the service or for the data that is stored or processed by
the service.
فعالیت های ثالث CSN :
نمونه وظایف
Design, create and maintain service components
• designing and creating software components that are part of the
implementation of a service;
• creating the functionality which is offered to users of the service, which also
involves connecting the service components to the provider's operational
support systems, so that the service implementation can be monitored and
controlled;
• processing problem reports relating to the operation of a service
implementation;
• providing fixes to service implementations;
• providing enhancements to service implementations.
اجزای عملیاتی ()Functional
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مثالی از روابط بین عملیات مختلف
در فعالیت استفاده از سرویس
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مثالی از روابط بین عملیات مختلف
در فعالیت نظارت بر سرویس
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ابر و باران
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http://crc.aut.ac.ir
