B.
TECH
COURSE CODE: CET 309COURSE TITLE: STRUCTURAL CALCULATIONS
Course Aim(s): It is intended that this credit value: 4 course will provide the
student with a clear and thorough presentation of the theory and
application of the principles of mechanics of materials. It provides more
emphasis on the application of important concepts like how materials
behave under load. It is also aimed at offering students simple applications
of the concepts covered in each section and therefore provide them with
the chance to develop their problem-solving skills before attempting to
solve any of the standard problems that follow. Some of these problems
offer students an excellent means of preparing for exams, and they can be
used at a later time as a review when studying for the fundamentals of
Engineering Exam. Analysis and design problems are intended to engage
the students in thinking through a real-life situation and to develop some
expertise in the subject matter.
Learning Outcomes: The general feeling of the course is that it favours the
structural engineer and neglects the needs of the mechanical engineer. In
the course outline failure is discussed not only from the standpoint of the
structural designer concerned with static loads and yielding but also from
the point of view of the machine designer who is equally interested in
fluctuating loads and fracture. Here is introduced forces and reactions,
forces in structural frameworks, direct stress and strain, shearing force and
bending moment, properties of structural sections and stresses in beams
are discussed. It should be recalled that emphasis is made concerning
shearing force and bending moment diagrams and moment of inertia.
Recommended Previous Courses
It is expected that students have previously undertaken the component
units of material science, advanced level physics and mathematics.
Fundamentals have always been stressed in the learning of new skills.
In mechanics, the term strength of materials refers to the ability of the
individual parts of a machine or structure to resist loads. It also requires the
selection of materials and the determination of dimensions to ensure
sufficient strength of the various parts. Hence a good knowledge of
material science and applied mechanics is required.
Summary of Course Content
-
Forces in Structural Frameworks
- Statistically determinate plane framework rule.
- Methods of analysis.
- Force diagrams for special cases.
.
- Forces in simple space frames
Direct Stress and Strain
- Definition of stress.
- Stress tensor load effect.
- Units of stress
- Direct axial stress.
- Definition of strain.
- Units of strain.
- Elasticity
- Hooke’s Law and the Modulus of elasticity.
- Behaviour of mild steel in tension.
- Limiting values of stress.
- Calculations involving direct stress and strain.
- Compound bars.
- Temperature stresses
- Strain energy.
- Suddenly applied loads.
- Falling loads.
- Creep under sustained loading.
- Fluctuating stress, fatigue.
Shearing Force and Bending Moment
- Beams in bending
- The nature of shearing force and bending moment.
- Definition for calculation purposes.
- Sign convention and units.
- Shearing force and bending moment diagrams
- Standard cases
- Construction of parabolas
- Properties of curves and diagrams
Properties of Structural Sections
- Introduction
- Area
- Center of area, centroid
- Graphical determination of centroids.
- Second moment of area.
- Second moments of area about a centroidal axis
- The parallel axis principle.
- Compound sections
- Radius of gyration.
- Polar second moment of area.
- Section modulus.
Stresses in Beams
- Stresses induced by bending.
- Pure bending
- The theory of simple bending
- Section modulus.
- Stresses due to simultaneous axial moments.
- Bending due to oblique loading and moments.
- Composite beams
- Shearing stresses in beams.
- Expression for distribution of shearing stresses.
- Distribution of shearing stresses in rectangular and I-sections.
Deflections in Beams
-Double integration method
- Moment Area method
- Method of Singularity function
- Elastic Energy method
CLAPEYRON’S 3 Moment Equation
- Continuous Beams of 2 spans
MOMENT DISTRIBUTION METHOD
- Multiple span Beams
Time Allocation: 3.5 hours per week
Recommended Previous Courses: Advanced level physics, material science
and calculus.
Assessment: Formal written Examination: 50%
Continuous Assessment (Comprising tests, laboratory exercises and
quizzes): 50%.
Weekly Schedule
Week Topic Activities Assessment
Method
Week 1 Forces and Reactions: -Lectures
- Coplanar forces and -Solving of
resultants. examples
- Forces triangle and
polygons.
Week 2 Forces in structural -Lectures
framework
-Solving of
examples
-Exercises
Week 3 -Direct axial stress, strain -Lectures
-Elasticity -Solving examples
-Hooke’s law
Week 4 -Behaviour of Mild Stress -Lectures
-Compound bars. -Solving examples
-Temperature stresses. -Tutorial
Week 5 -Strain energy -Lectures
-Suddenly applied loads -Solving examples
-Falling loads
-Fluctuating stress
Week 6 Calculations involving -Lectures
direct stress and strain.
-Solving examples
-Tutorial
Week 7 -Definition of terms in -Lectures
strength of materials.
-Solving examples
-Beams in bending
-Free body diagrams
Week 8 -Nature of shearing force -Lectures
and bending moment.
-Solving examples
-Sign convention and units.
-Tutorial
-Shear force and bending
moment diagrams.
Week 9 -Standard cases -Lectures
-Construction of parabolas -Solving examples
-Properties of curves and -Assignment
diagrams.
Week -Structural sections, Area, -Lecture
10 Center of area, Centroid,
-Solving examples
Determination of Centroid.
Week -Moment of Inertia -Lectures
11
-Parallel axis theorem. -Solving examples
-Compound Sections
-Radius of gyration.
Week -Polar moment of area -Lectures
12
-Section modulus -Solving examples
-Stresses in beams, pure -Assignment
bending, theory of simple
bending.
Week General Revision, -Solving of Tutorial
13 Examination syllabus, exercises.
Sample examination
questions.
Recommended Books :
- Strength of Materials by RYDER.
- Materials and Structures by R. WHITLOW
- STATICS and Strength of Materials by Milton G. Bassin, Stanley M.
Brodsky.
- Online Study (Websites).
