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MBES Data Processing Report Using Qimera

The document provides a comprehensive guide for creating a Multibeam Data Processing Report using Qimera, detailing steps from data import to final visualization. It includes sections on data cleaning, processing, quality control, and generating final products, along with visuals to enhance the report. Additionally, it covers how to interpret uncertainty metrics in compliance with IHO standards, offering corrective actions and recommendations for data quality improvement.

Uploaded by

Ayoola Olamide
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
303 views15 pages

MBES Data Processing Report Using Qimera

The document provides a comprehensive guide for creating a Multibeam Data Processing Report using Qimera, detailing steps from data import to final visualization. It includes sections on data cleaning, processing, quality control, and generating final products, along with visuals to enhance the report. Additionally, it covers how to interpret uncertainty metrics in compliance with IHO standards, offering corrective actions and recommendations for data quality improvement.

Uploaded by

Ayoola Olamide
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Creating a Multibeam Data Processing Report with Visuals using Qimera involves several

steps, from data import to final visualization. Below is a structured guide to help you
generate a professional report with key visuals.

---

Multibeam Data Processing Report (Using Qimera)

Project Name: [Your Project Name]

Survey Area: [Location]

Survey Date: [Date]

Software Used: Qimera (vX.X)

---

1. Data Import & Setup

- Raw Data Sources:

- Multibeam sonar files (e.g., `.all`, `.kmall`, `.gsf`)

- Navigation data (POS MV, SBET, etc.)

- Sound Velocity Profiles (SVP)

- Steps in Qimera:

1. Create a New Project (`File > New Project`)

2. Import Raw Data (`File > Import > Multibeam Files`)

3. Apply SVP Corrections (`Dynamic Surface > Sound Velocity Management`)

---
2. Data Cleaning & Processing

a. Tide & Heave Corrections

- Apply tidal corrections using tide files or vertical reference.

- Check heave and attitude data for anomalies.

b. Outlier & Noise Removal

- Use Qimera’s Swath Editor to remove spikes and noise.

- Apply filters (`Filters > Spike Filter, Slope Filter`).

c. Sound Velocity Corrections

- Verify SVP application (`Navigation > SVP Management`).

- Check for refraction artifacts.

Visuals:

Figure 1: Raw vs. Cleaned Swath Data

(Generate in Qimera: `Right-click on surface > Show Swath Editor`)

---

3. Gridding & Surface Generation

- Grid Resolution: [e.g., 1m, 5m]

- Interpolation Method: [e.g., CUBE, TIN]

Steps:

1. Create a Dynamic Surface (`Dynamic Surface > Create New Surface`)

2. Adjust Grid Settings (Resolution, Algorithm)


3. Export Grid (`File > Export > GeoTIFF/XYZ`)

Visuals:

Figure 2: Gridded Bathymetry Surface

(Generate in Qimera: `3D View > Shaded Relief`)

Figure 3: CUBE Hypothesis Visualization

(Use `CUBE Layer` in Qimera to show uncertainty)

---

4. Quality Control & Validation

a. Crossline Analysis

- Compare primary and crossline data (`Tools > Crossline Analysis`).

- Check for systematic biases.

b. Error Detection

- Total Vertical Uncertainty (TVU)

- Data Gaps & Artifacts

Visuals:

Figure 4: Crossline Discrepancies Plot

(Generate in Qimera: `Tools > Crossline Analysis`)

Figure 5: Uncertainty Heatmap

(Generate in Qimera: `View > Uncertainty Layer`)


---

5. Final Products & Export

- Deliverables:

- GeoTIFF (Bathymetry)

- CSV/XYZ (Point Cloud)

- CARIS HIPS (Processed Data)

- Report (PDF with visuals)

Visuals:

Figure 6: Final Bathymetric Map

(Export from Qimera: `File > Export > Map`)

Figure 7: 3D Perspective View

(Generate in Qimera: `3D View > Flythrough`)

---

6. Conclusion

- Data Quality: [Good/Moderate/Issues]

- Key Findings:

- Any anomalies?

- Coverage completeness?

- Recommendations for re-survey?


---

Appendix: Sample Qimera Screenshots

| Visual | Description |

|------------|----------------|

| ![Swath Editor](link/to/image1.png) | Raw vs. Cleaned Data |

| ![CUBE Hypothesis](link/to/image2.png) | Uncertainty Visualization |

| ![3D View](link/to/image3.png) | Final Bathymetric Model |

---

Exporting the Report from Qimera

1. Use Qimera’s Print Layout (`File > Print Layout`) to generate maps.

2. Export images (`Right-click > Export View`).

3. Compile into a PDF/Word report.

Would you like a more detailed guide on any specific section?


In **Qimera 2.7.1**, you can review **Total Horizontal Uncertainty (THU)**, **Total Vertical
Uncertainty (TVU)**, **Density**, and **Standard Deviation** of MBES data surfaces using
built-in tools and visualization layers. Below is a step-by-step guide:

---

### **1. Reviewing THU (Total Horizontal Uncertainty)**

THU accounts for positioning errors (GNSS, latency, etc.) affecting horizontal accuracy.

#### **Steps:**

1. **Open the Dynamic Surface**

- Go to `Dynamic Surfaces` > Select your surface.

2. **Enable THU Layer**

- Right-click the surface > **Show Layer** > **Horizontal Uncertainty**.

- Adjust the color scale (`Layer Properties` > `Colormap`).

3. **View THU Values**

- Use the **Probe Tool** (`Tools > Probe`) to inspect THU at specific points.

#### **Visualization:**

**Heatmap** (Horizontal Uncertainty Layer)

**Statistics** (Right-click surface > **Properties** > **Uncertainty** tab)

---

### **2. Reviewing TVU (Total Vertical Uncertainty)**

TVU combines depth-related errors (SVP, tide, heave, etc.).


#### **Steps:**

1. **Open the Dynamic Surface**

- Go to `Dynamic Surfaces` > Select your surface.

2. **Enable TVU Layer**

- Right-click the surface > **Show Layer** > **Vertical Uncertainty**.

- Adjust the color scale for better contrast.

3. **Check TVU Statistics**

- Right-click surface > **Properties** > **Uncertainty** tab.

- Look for **mean TVU, max TVU, and distribution**.

#### **Visualization:**

**Vertical Uncertainty Heatmap**

**Histogram** (Properties > Uncertainty tab)

---

### **3. Reviewing Point Density**

Density shows how many soundings contribute to each grid node.

#### **Steps:**

1. **Enable Density Layer**

- Right-click surface > **Show Layer** > **Density**.

2. **Adjust Colormap**

- Use a gradient (e.g., blue = low density, red = high density).

3. **Identify Low-Density Zones**


- Areas with sparse data may need re-surveying.

#### **Visualization:**

**Density Heatmap**

**Export Density Grid** (`File > Export Grid` > Select "Density")

---

### **4. Reviewing Standard Deviation**

Standard Deviation (Std Dev) measures depth variability within a CUBE node.

#### **Steps:**

1. **Enable Std Dev Layer**

- Right-click surface > **Show Layer** > **Standard Deviation**.

2. **Check High-Std Dev Areas**

- High values indicate inconsistent soundings (possible errors).

3. **Cross-Check with CUBE Hypotheses**

- Open **CUBE Layer** to see if multiple hypotheses explain the variance.

#### **Visualization:**

**Standard Deviation Heatmap**

**CUBE Hypothesis Viewer** (Check for multiple solutions)

---

### **5. Generating a QC Report**


To compile findings into a report:

1. **Take Screenshots**

- Use `File > Print Layout` for maps.

2. **Export Statistics**

- Right-click surface > **Export Statistics** (CSV/Excel).

3. **Use Qimera’s Report Tools**

- `Tools > Report Generator` (if available in v2.7.1).

---

### **Summary Table: Key QC Layers in Qimera 2.7.1**

| **Parameter** | **How to View** | **What It Indicates** |

|---------------|----------------|----------------------|

| **THU** | `Layer > Horizontal Uncertainty` | GNSS & latency errors |

| **TVU** | `Layer > Vertical Uncertainty` | Depth measurement errors |

| **Density** | `Layer > Density` | Data coverage quality |

| **Std Dev** | `Layer > Standard Deviation` | Sounding consistency |

---

### **Tips for Effective Review**

✔ **Compare with Crosslines** (`Tools > Crossline Analysis`)

✔ **Check CUBE Hypothesis Count** (High counts = unresolved ambiguities)

✔ **Use the Swath Editor** to clean problematic areas.


Would you like a detailed guide on interpreting uncertainty values (e.g., IHO standards
compliance)?
### **Detailed Guide: Interpreting THU, TVU, Density & Standard Deviation in Qimera 2.7.1
(IHO Compliance)**

This guide explains how to **interpret uncertainty metrics** in Qimera, compare them
against **IHO Standards (2022 or Special/Order 1a/1b)**, and take corrective actions.

---

## **1. Total Horizontal Uncertainty (THU)**

**Definition:**

- THU combines errors from **GNSS, latency, vessel motion, and MBES alignment**
affecting horizontal positioning.

- Expressed in **meters (m)**.

### **How to Interpret THU in Qimera**

1. **Check THU Distribution**

- Go to `Surface Properties > Uncertainty Tab` → View **mean, max, and histogram**.

- **IHO 2022 Limits:**

- **Order 1a (Exclusive):** THU ≤ **0.5m + 0.013 × Depth**

- **Order 1b (Normal):** THU ≤ **1.0m + 0.023 × Depth**

- **Special Order:** THU ≤ **0.25m + 0.0075 × Depth**

2. **Identify Problem Areas**

- **High THU zones** (red in heatmap) often indicate:

- Poor GNSS reception (e.g., multipath, signal loss).

- Incorrect latency or lever-arm values.


3. **Corrective Actions**

- Re-process with **better SBET/PPK data**.

- Verify **latency calibration** (`Tools > Latency Corrections`).

---

## **2. Total Vertical Uncertainty (TVU)**

**Definition:**

- TVU combines **depth errors** from SVP, tides, heave, MBES calibration, and noise.

- Expressed in **% of depth** or **meters (m)**.

### **How to Interpret TVU in Qimera**

1. **Check TVU Against IHO Standards**

- **IHO 2022 Limits (95% confidence):**

- **Order 1a (Exclusive):** TVU ≤ **±(0.25m + 0.0075 × Depth)**

- **Order 1b (Normal):** TVU ≤ **±(0.5m + 0.013 × Depth)**

- **Special Order:** TVU ≤ **±(0.15m + 0.0025 × Depth)**

2. **TVU Heatmap Analysis**

- **Blue = Low TVU (Good)**

- **Red = High TVU (Problematic)**

- Common causes:

- Poor SVP (missing profiles, stratification).

- Incorrect tide/heave corrections.

3. **Corrective Actions**
- Add more **Sound Velocity Profiles (SVP)** in problem areas.

- Re-process with **improved tide model**.

---

## **3. Point Density**

**Definition:**

- Measures **number of soundings per grid node** (higher = better confidence).

### **How to Interpret Density in Qimera**

1. **Check Coverage**

- **Low-density areas** may indicate:

- Poor sonar coverage (gaps, nadir artifacts).

- Excessive filtering (e.g., aggressive spike removal).

2. **IHO Minimum Density Guidelines**

- **Order 1a/1b:** ≥ **5 soundings per node** (for CUBE processing).

- **Special Order:** ≥ **10 soundings per node**.

3. **Corrective Actions**

- Adjust **grid resolution** (higher res = more detail but needs more data).

- Re-process with **less aggressive filtering**.

---

## **4. Standard Deviation (Std Dev)**


**Definition:**

- Measures **depth variability** within a CUBE node (high std dev = inconsistent
soundings).

### **How to Interpret Std Dev in Qimera**

1. **Check Std Dev Values**

- **Low Std Dev (< 0.1m):** Consistent soundings (good).

- **High Std Dev (> 0.5m):** Possible errors (outliers, multipath, false bottoms).

2. **Cross-Check with CUBE Hypotheses**

- Open **CUBE Hypothesis Layer** → If multiple hypotheses exist, manual cleaning may
be needed.

3. **Corrective Actions**

- Use **Swath Editor** to remove outliers.

- Adjust **CUBE acceptance thresholds** (`Filters > CUBE Parameters`).

---

## **5. Generating an IHO-Compliant QC Report**

To ensure your data meets IHO standards:

### **Step 1: Export Statistics**

- Right-click surface → **Export Statistics** (CSV/Excel).

- Compare **THU/TVU** against IHO formulas.


### **Step 2: Visual Checks**

- Create **uncertainty heatmaps** (`Layer > Vertical/Horizontal Uncertainty`).

- Overlay **IHO limits** (manually in Excel or GIS).

### **Step 3: Report Findings**

| **Metric** | **Your Value** | **IHO Limit (Order 1a)** | **Compliant?** |

|-------------|---------------|--------------------------|----------------|

| **Max TVU** | 0.35m @ 20m | 0.25 + (0.0075×20) = 0.4m | Yes |

| **Max THU** | 0.8m @ 30m | 0.5 + (0.013×30) = 0.89m | Yes |

| **Min Density** | 4.2 | ≥5 | No (Gaps Detected) |

### **Step 4: Recommendations**

- **If failing IHO standards:**

- Re-process with better SVPs/tides.

- Conduct **targeted re-survey** in low-density zones.

---

## **Final Notes**

- **Qimera 2.7.1 does not auto-flag IHO violations** → Manual checks are required.

- **For Special Order surveys**, use tighter thresholds.

Would you like a **sample dataset with step-by-step IHO validation** in Qimera?

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