Unit 1 Basic of information technology Assignment 1

Multiple Choice Questions

Sr. Question A B C D
A collection of raw facts and figures are
1 Data Information Processing None
called
Printed copy
2 Hardware is best described as Physical part A program Logical part
file
The piece of hardware that permanently Primary Secondary
3 CPU Output
stores data and program is called storage storage
4 Computer is the combination of Software Hardware both a&b None
Which of the following is not a
5 CD-ROM Hard disk DVD-ROM CPU
secondary storage device
Primary Secondary Permanent
6 Another name of main memory is Cache
memory memory memory
The keyboard format that is most
7 QWERTY Dvorak TWRITER SPLITTER
commonly used is the
Which of the following is not an output
8 Printer Monitor Speaker Scanner
device
9 How many bits are in one byte 1 2 4 8
The cell of memory are logically
10 8 bits 5 bits 12 bits 4 bits
organized into group of
An organized set of related components
11 SDLC Network Processing System
is called
Which of the following is the first phase Preliminary
12 Design coding Analysis
of SDLC investigation
Preliminary
13 System requirements are created during Analysis Design Development
investigation
What comes after the analysis phase in Implementatio
14 Testing Design Coding
SDLC n
15 Types of application software are 5 4 3 2
Data that is shown on display unit either
16 Hard copy Soft copy Share copy Null copy
in the form of audio and video is called
OMR technology used to read the test
17 SAT GRE MICR Both a & b
mark of
Multimedia
18 Which one is hard copy output device CRT monitor plotter LCD monitor
projector
Computing Computing Computing
Computing
Information technology is
a and and and
19 and electrical
combination of mechanical mechatronics communicati
technology
technology technology on technology
20 Which is the following is on output
device Monitor speaker Printer all of these
21 The processed form of data is
object Output Information None
22 Example of network device is Port bridge Both A & B CPU

23 Data is temporarily stored on CPU Primary Secondary ROM

Memory Memory
24 How system is fulfill requirements Design Coding Testing Analyzing
decided in it
Unit 1 Basic of information technology Assignment 1
25 Smallest unit of the memory is called Bit Byte Word Character

26 Ink jet printer is an example of Impact printer Nonimpact Thermal Daisy wheel
printer printer printer
27 The resolution of XGA is
640×480 620×480 640×400 1024×768
28 Joy Stick is used to Play Games Drawing Both None
29 The device that determine the location of OMR MICR Bar code All
specified marks on the paper is called: reader

Short Questions
1 Define computer?
A computer is a machine that can be programmed to accept data, process data into useful information and
store it for later use. A consist of hardware and software. The processing of input and output is directed by
the software but performed by the hardware.
2 Differentiate between data and information?
DATA INFORMATION
Data is a collection of raw facts and figures. The processed data is called information.
Data is used as input in the computer. It is used for making decision.
Data may consist of numbers, symbols, Information is the output or result of the
pictures, audio etc. computer
3 What is data processing or computing?
Manipulation of data to make it useful, meaningful and important is called data processing or computing.
4 Define IT?
IT stands for Information Technology. Information technology is the technology that combines computing
with communication links to carry information from one place to another in the form of text, sound, image,
videos etc. The interconnection of computers enables people to send and receive information. Internet is used
as source of IT. The world has become a global village as a result of information technology.
5 Define the term digital convergence?
Digital convergence is the electronic merging of different industries to exchange information between them
with the help of different electronic tools. These industries are computers, electronics, telecommunications
and mass media etc. This merging is very useful in this modern world, creating a modern scenario of IT.
6 What is computer animation?
The animation means cartoon movies or moving picture. It is the process of making moving pictures or
other special effects for television, movies and cartoons.
7 Differentiate between hardware and software?
Hardware Software
The physical part of computer that we The set of instructions given to a computer to
are able to touch and see is called perform a special task. Computer software
hardware. Keyboard, mouse, CPU, contains a sequence of operations to be
printer, monitor and hard disk are some performed by a computer. A computer works
example of hardware components. according to the instructions given in software.
8 What do you know about programmer?
A person who develops or makes application or system software\program is called programmer. Programmer
write instructions to direct computer to process data into information. A programmer, computer programmer,
developer, coder, or software engineer is a person who writes computer software.
9 Define system software?
System software is set of programs to control, share and manage the actual operations of a computer system.
It controls the usage and allocation of different hardware components. It also enables different application
programs to execute properly.
Unit 1 Basic of information technology Assignment 1
10 What is application software?
Application software is used to perform various applications on the computer. It is the program that allows
people to use the computer to perform a specific task or provide audio, video or multimedia facility to the
users. People use application software according to their needs. It is also known as application package.
11 Give some examples of operating system?
Microsoft windows, Linux, UNIX and Sun Solaris are some examples of operating system.
12 What is the use of customized software?
Customized software is a type of application software that is designed according to the requirement of a
particular customer or office. It is developed to solve the exact requirement of a particular customer or
organization. This software is developed by the professional team of programmers. Ex: School Management
System, Patient Information System.
13 Define packaged software with example?
Packaged software is a type of application software that is developed for sale to general public. It is also
known as off-the-shelf program or software. It helps the people in day-to-day activities. Examples of package
software are MS Office (MS Word, MS Excel, etc), Oracle, Graphics software etc.
14 Write down the uses of input devices?
An input device is a hardware component that is used to enter data or instruction into a computer. Input devices
take data or instructions from user and convert it in a form that is understandable by the computer.
15 What do you know about keyboard?
Keyboard is the most commonly used input device. The buttons on the keyboard called keys. A standard
keyboard contains 101 keys. The keys available on keyboard are numeric, alphabetic, function and special-
purpose keys.
16 What do you mean by QWERTY?
A standard keyboard is called QWERTY. This is because the first six keys on the top row of alphabetic letter
on the keyboard are Q, W, E, R, T, and Y. This layout was originally used on a type writer to prevent keys
jamming when the user was typing rapidly. When computer become widespread most users were familiar
with using a typewriter and designer kept the QWERTY layout to avoid the need to retrain the users.
17 How does the mouse work?
Mouse is moved on a flat surface or mouse pad to control the movement of cursor or printer on a screen. A
mouse usually has two or three buttons. These buttons are used to perform different actions or tasks. It contains
small ball at the bottom. The movement of cursor depends on the movement of ball.
18 Describe Track ball?
A track ball can be used as an alternative to a Mouse. It has buttons similar to those on mouse. It is an example
of a stationary device. It has a large rotating ball on its top. The ball is rolled with fingers. The position of the
cursor on the screen is controlled by rotating the ball.
19 What is touch screen?
A touch screen is an electronic visual display that the user can control through simple or multi-touch actions
by touching the screen with a special stylus/pen and/or one or more fingers. Some touch screens use ordinary
or specially coated gloves to work while others use a special stylus/pen only. The user can use the touch screen
to react to what is displayed and to control how it is displayed. It has sensors to detect touch of a finger. The
touch screen enables the user to interact directly with what is displayed, rather than using a mouse, touchpad
etc. Touch screens are common in devices such as game consoles, all-in-one computers, tablet computers, and
Smartphones.
20 Define bar-code?
Bar-code is an identification code that consists of a set of vertical lines and spaces of different widths. The
manufacturer, item and its price.
21 Describe the bar-code reader?
Bar-code reader uses laser beam to read bar-codes. It reads bar-codes and translates them into digital signals.
The digital signals are then further processed by computer. Different products like departmental store items,
magazines and books contain bar-code.
22 Describe MICR?
Unit 1 Basic of information technology Assignment 1
MICR stands for Magnetic-Ink Character Recognition or Reader. It is used to read text printed with
magnetized ink. Magnetized ink character recognition (MICR) is a character-recognition technology used
mainly by the banking industry to ease the processing and clearance of cheques and other documents. The
MICR encoding called the MICR line, is at the bottom of cheques and other vouchers and typically includes
the document-type indicator, bank code, bank account number, cheque number, cheque amount, and a control
indicator. The technology allows MICR reader to scan and read the information directly into a data-collection
device. Unlike barcodes and similar technologies, MICR characters can be read easily by humans.
23 Describe magnetic strip?
A strip of magnetic material on different sorts of plastic and paper card that stores machine-readable data
about the purpose of the card. Magnetic strip are built into many plastic cards such as personal identification
cards. The magnetic strip on the back of the card can hold the personal details of the card owner. It can be
used to access secure and personal information such as bank account details etc.
24 What is digital camera?
Digital camera is an input device. it stores images digitally in its memory or on a small diskette rather than
recording on film. It does not need film processing. The pictures taken with digital camera can be transferred
to a computer for processing or printing out. Many Digital Cameras allow the user to edit the images.
25 Differentiate between hard copy and soft copy output?
Soft Copy Hard Copy
Soft copy is in electronic form. Hard copy is in printed form.
Soft copy is easier to modify. Hard copy is difficult to modify.
Soft copy is stored on storage devices. Hard copy is printed on paper.
26 Define Pixel?
Pixel stands for Picture Element. The word pixel is based on the abbreviation of pix (“pictures”) and el (for
“element”)”; in digital imaging, a pixel, or picture element is physical point in a raster image, or the smallest
addressable element in an all points addressable display device; so it is the smallest controllable element of a
picture represented on the screen. Pixels are the dots that form an images on the monitor. The higher number
of pixels means sharper images.
27 Enlist different technologies used in flat-panel display screens?
Following are the different technologies used in flat-panel display screens
1. Liquid Crystal Display
2. Light Emitting Diode
3. Electro Luminescent Display
4. Gas Plasma Display
Unit 1 Basic of information technology Assignment 1

28 What is meant by printer?

A printer is an output devise that prints characters, symbols and graphics on the paper. The
printed output is generally referred to as hardcopy. Print resolution is commonly measured
in dots per inch (dpi). Impact and non- impact are the two groups of printer.
29 How is printer resolution measured?
Printer resolution is measured in dots per inch (dpi). Printers with higher DPI produced
more clearer and more detailed output. The range of DPI supported by a printer is most
dependent on the print head technology it uses. A dot matrix printer has a relatively low
resolution, typically in the range of 60 to 90 DPI. An inkjet printer sprays ink through tiny
nozzles, and is typically capable of 300 to720 DPI. A laser printer applies toner through a
controlled electrostatic charge, and may be in the range of 600 to 2,400 DPIs.
30 List different types of printer? Give example of each type.
Different types of printer are impact printers and non-impact printers. Line and dot-matrix
are examples of impact printers. Laser and Ink-jet are examples of non-impact printers.
31 What are Non-impact printers?
A Non-impact printer prints without striking paper. Some printers use ink spray or toner
powder while others use heat and pressure to create images. These printers are faster than
impact printer.
32 State the working of laser printers?
Laser printers are Non-impact printers. Its working is similar to photocopying machine. It
uses laser beams to burn special ink (toner) on page to create a permanent image. Laser
printer creates quality output at higher speed
33 Define plotter?
The plotter is a computer printer for printing vector graphics. In the past, plotters were used
in applications such as computer-aided design, though they have generally been replaced
with wide-format conventional printers. A plotter gives a hard copy of the output. It draws
pictures on paper using a pen. Plotters are used to print designs of ships and machine, plans
or buildings and so on. A Plotter is an output device that is used to produce high quality
graphics in different colors for special applications.
34 Define microphone?
Microphone is an input device used to digitally record audio data of humans etc. It converts
sound vibrations into an analog electrical signal. It enables the user to input text and give
commands orally.
35 Define Bit, Byte and Word?
Bit: Bit stands for binary digit. It can be either 0 or 1. Bits are used as a unit of memory
and backing storage.
Byte: A group of 8 bits that can store a single character of data (a letter, numeral or special
character).
Word: A computer word, typically the size of a register, is defined as the number of bits
that constitute a common unit of data, as define by the computer system.
36 Define hard disk?
Hard disk is a type of magnetic disk. A hard disk drive (HDD) is a data storage device
used for storing and retrieving digital information using rapidly rotating disks (platters)
coated with magnetic material. An HDD retains its data even when powered cutt off. Data
is read in a random-access manner, meaning individual blocks of data can be stored or
retrieved in any order rather than sequentially. An HDD consists of one or more rigid
(“hard”) rapidly rotating disks (platters) with magnetic heads arranged on a moving
actuator arm to read and data to the surfaces. The platters are used to store data. The hard
disk in most personal computers is fixed inside the computer system.
Unit 1 Basic of information technology Assignment 1

37 Define system. List out its components?

A System can be defined as a combination of different interrelated components that
cooperate with each other to perform different tasks in order to achieve some common
objective or goal. It consists of input, processes, storages and outputs. Different
components of a system include hardware, software, people/users, procedures,
data/information and communication method.
38 Define SDLC. Write down its phases?
SDLC stands for System Development Life Cycle. A set of steps that are required to
develop a system is called System Development Life Cycle. It is an organized way of
developing a successful system. Different phases of SDLC are Preliminary Investigation,
System Analysis, System Design, System Coding, System Testing, System Implementation
and System Maintenance.
39 Define the coding phase of SDLC?
This phase consists of writing programs for the system. Single programmer or a team of
programmers develops the system using different software to tools. This phase needs a lot
of time, effort and budget to develop the complete new system.
40 Write down the importance of testing a system before use?
Computer testing of the system is very important. A system must be tested to find and
remove errors in it. The system is tested by giving sample data and real data.
41 Describe pilot conversion or pilot implementation?
In this type of conversion, one part of the organization uses the new system and the rest of
the organization uses the old system. When that part of the organization is satisfied with
the new system, the rest of the organization can start using the new system. In this type of
conversion, the whole system is implemented to a selected group of users or departments.
After making sure that the new system is suitable and fulfill the requirements, the whole
system is implemented to all users or departments.