NSTP-2 GROUP 6 REPORT

1. Ampaso,Aslima S.
2. Ansor, Sorainie S.
3. Bantuas, Hanna S.
4. Delion, johaima
5. Diamaoden, Nishreen G.
6. Dimalog, Zebedee M.
7. Direposun, Norjanah
8. Esmael Raniah A.
9. Gani, Sittie Shaina A.
HUMAN SECURITY
 is a concept that goes beyond traditional national security by focusing on the protection
of individuals rather than just the defense of a state. It emphasizes freedom from fear,
freedom from want, and dignity, ensuring that people live in safety with access to basic
needs and rights.
SHORT HISTORY
The concept of human security emerged in the 1990s, particularly with the United Nations
Development Programme's (UNDP) 1994 Human Development Report. This report challenged
traditional security frameworks by arguing that security should be measured not just by a
country's military strength, but also by its ability to provide basic needs like food, health, and
education. Since then, human security has become a widely accepted concept in international
relations, development studies, and humanitarian work.
UNDERSTANDING HUMAN SECURITY
 Human security was introduced in the 1994 UNDP Human Development report. It
includes seven dimensions.
1. Economic security: Access to basic needs like food, water, shelter, and income.
2. Food security: Access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food.
3. Health security: Access to healthcare, protection from diseases, and good health.
4. Environmental security: Protection from environmental degradation, pollution, and
natural disasters.
5. Personal security: Protection from violence, crime, and abuse.
6. Community security: Protection of communities from conflict, violence, and social
unrest.
7. Political security: Protection of human rights, freedom, and democratic participation.

TYPES OF HUMAN SECURITY THREATS

 1. Conflict and violence: Armed conflicts, terrorism, and violence undermine human
security.
2. Poverty and inequality: Widespread poverty and inequality threaten human security.
3. Climate change and natural disasters: Environmental degradation and natural disasters
pose significant human security risks.
4. Pandemics and health crises: Global health crises, like COVID-19, threaten human
security.
5. Migration and displacement: Forced migration and displacement due to conflict,
persecution, or environmental degradation.

HUMAN SECURITY APPROACHES

1. Sustainable development: Addressing the root causes of human insecurity through

sustainable development.
2. Human rights: Promoting and protecting human rights to ensure human security.
3. Conflict prevention and resolution: Preventing and resolving conflicts to reduce human
insecurity.
4. Disaster risk reduction: Reducing the risk of natural disasters to protect human
security.
5. International cooperation: Collaborating globally to address human security challenges.

HUMAN RIGHTS

 are the fundamental freedoms and protections that belong to every individual, regardless
of nationality, race, gender, or background. These rights ensure that all people can live
with dignity, freedom, equality, and justice.

TYPES OF HUMAN RIGHTS

1. Civil and Political Rights – Protect individual freedoms and ensure participation in
political life.
2. Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights – Ensure basic needs and opportunities for
personal development.
3. Collective and Group Rights – Protect specific groups or communities.

HUMAN RIGHT VIOLATION

 Violations include:
1. Torture and inhumane treatment – The intentional infliction of severe physical
or psychological pain on a person, often to extract information, punish, or
intimidate.
2. Discrimination and racial segregation – The unfair or unequal treatment of
individuals based on race, ethnicity, or other characteristics, sometimes enforced
through laws or social practices that separate groups.
 3. Suppression of free speech – Actions taken by governments or institutions to
silence people from expressing their opinions, often through censorship,
intimidation, or punishment.
4. Unjust imprisonment – The detention of individuals without due legal process,
often for political reasons or based on false charges.
5. Forced labor and human trafficking – The exploitation of individuals through
coercion, deception, or violence to perform work without fair compensation, often
involving modern slavery.

HUMAN TRAFFICKING
 is a serious crime and a violation of human rights that involves the illegal trade of people
for exploitation. It is a form of modern slavery, where victims are forced into labor,
sexual exploitation, or other abusive conditions through coercion, fraud, or force.
TYPES OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING
1. Sex Trafficking – Victims are forced into prostitution or other forms of sexual
exploitation.
2. Labor Trafficking – Individuals are made to work under exploitative conditions, often in
factories, farms, or domestic work.
3. Child Trafficking – Children are exploited for forced labor, prostitution, or even illegal
adoption.
4. Organ Trafficking – People are trafficked for the purpose of organ harvesting
SIGN OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING
1. Living in poor or overcrowded conditions – The person may be living in unsafe,
unhygienic, or cramped spaces, often under the control of someone else. This is common
in cases of forced labor, human trafficking, or domestic servitude.
2. Signs of physical abuse or malnutrition – Unexplained bruises, burns, cuts, or
extreme weight loss could indicate physical violence, neglect, or deprivation of food and
basic needs.
3. Restricted movement or lack of control over personal life – The person may not have
access to their own identification, money, or means of communication. They might be
under constant surveillance or unable to leave their location without permission.
4. Fearful behavior or signs of coercion – Avoiding eye contact, appearing anxious or
scared, and hesitating to speak freely may indicate that they are being controlled,
threatened, or manipulated.
ANTI-HUMANITARIAN LAW
 Anti-humanitarian laws weaken safeguards for at-risk groups by:
1. Criminalizing Humanitarian Assistance – Restricting or punishing individuals and
organizations that provide aid, such as food, water, medical care, and shelter, to
refugees or displaced persons.
2. Restricting Asylum Rights – Imposing harsh immigration policies that prevent
refugees from seeking safety, forcing them to remain in dangerous conditions or
return to places where they face persecution.
3. Violating International Humanitarian Laws During Conflicts – Targeting
civilians, aid workers, or hospitals in war zones, blocking humanitarian access, or
using starvation as a weapon.
4. Increasing Violence and Suffering – These policies lead to more instability, forcing
vulnerable people into unsafe conditions, human trafficking, or further exploitati

HUMANITARIAN LAW
 Humanitarian Law, also known as International Humanitarian Law (IHL), is a set of
rules that seek to limit the effects of armed conflict and protect people who are not
participating in the fighting, such as civilians, prisoners of war, and medical workers.
KEY PRINCIPLES OF HUMANITARIAN LAW
1. Protection of Civilians – Civilians must not be targeted, and efforts should be made to
minimize harm to non-combatants.
2. Humane Treatment – Prisoners of war, the wounded, and detainees must be treated
humanely, without torture or mistreatment.
3. Restrictions on Weapons and Tactics – The use of weapons that cause unnecessary
suffering (e.g., chemical and biological weapons) is prohibited.
4. Access to Humanitarian Aid – Aid workers and organizations must be allowed to
provide food, water, and medical care to those in need.
EXAMPLE OF HUMANITARIAN LAW IN ACTION
1. The Geneva Conventions – A series of treaties that establish the rules of war and the
treatment of victims of conflict.
2. The Hague Conventions – Rules governing the conduct of warfare, including the
protection of cultural property.
3. The International Criminal Court (ICC) – Prosecutes individuals for war crimes and
crimes against humanity.