Q) Develop an App to Build a Simple Calculator in Android.

Answer :-

(Tip : For any App , the steps will be same , only coding will change, remember some standard import file and
code line, Draw some diagrams also, use them in any App that may come in paper,)

Creating a simple calculator app in Android involves multiple steps, from setting up the development environment
to hosting the final app. To Develop and Android App to Build a Simple calculator requires these basic steps

1) Environment and IDE required like Android Studio / Eclipse / VS Code

2) Language chosen like Java or Kotlin

3) Starting a New Project and selecting the API version that runs on most devices.

4) Various Screens required i.e. Activity Screens

5) Designing layout (XML files) and Choosing the layout , Linear Layout / Constraint Layout / Relative Layout

6) Java code to handle the calculator

7) Running and Testing the App in Emulator / USB debugging

8) Build APK of the App

9) Hosting the APP on play store

STEPS in Detail

1) Environment and IDE required like Android Studio / Eclipse / VS Code

To build an Android app, we need Android Studio, the official IDE for Android development. Download and install
Android Studio from [developer.android.com](https://developer.android.com/studio). After installation:

- Open Android Studio and create a new project.

- Choose "Empty View Activity" as the template for this calculator.

- We Configure the project (name, package name, language Java, minimum SDK API 28 (Android 8.1 Pie).
2) Environment Chosen

The development environment includes:

- Android Studio as the IDE.

- Java as the programming language.

- Gradle for project build and dependency management.

- AVD Manager (Android Virtual Device) for emulating the app.

- Real Android Device with USB debugging enabled (optional).

3) Various Screens Required

For a simple calculator app, we typically need one screen:

- Main Activity (Calculator Interface)

4) XML Layout / Suitable Layout

For structuring the UI:

- Using ConstraintLayout (Recommended for flexible screen designs).

- Elements Needed:

- EditText (for input display).

- Buttons (0-9, +, -, ×, ÷, =, Clear).

- TextView (to show results).

Example activity_main.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:orientation="vertical"

android:padding="16dp">

<!-- Input Field -->

<EditText

android:id="@+id/inputField"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:hint="Enter a number"

android:textSize="18sp"

android:inputType="numberDecimal"

android:layout_marginBottom="10dp"/>

<!-- Buttons for Operations -->

<Button

android:id="@+id/buttonAdd"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="Add"

android:layout_marginTop="10dp"/>

<Button

android:id="@+id/buttonSubtract"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="Subtract"

android:layout_marginTop="10dp"/>

<Button

android:id="@+id/buttonMultiply"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"
 android:text="Multiply"

android:layout_marginTop="10dp"/>

<Button

android:id="@+id/buttonDivide"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="Divide"

android:layout_marginTop="10dp"/>

<Button

android:id="@+id/buttonEqual"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="Equal"

android:layout_marginTop="10dp"/>

<Button

android:id="@+id/buttonClear"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="Clear"

android:layout_marginTop="10dp"/>

</LinearLayout>
5) Java Code to Handle the Calculator

MainActivity.java

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

EditText inputField;

Button buttonAdd, buttonSubtract, buttonMultiply, buttonDivide, buttonEqual, buttonClear;

double val1, val2;

String operator;

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

inputField = findViewById(R.id.inputField);

buttonAdd = findViewById(R.id.buttonAdd);

buttonSubtract = findViewById(R.id.buttonSubtract);

buttonMultiply = findViewById(R.id.buttonMultiply);

buttonDivide = findViewById(R.id.buttonDivide);

buttonEqual = findViewById(R.id.buttonEqual);

buttonClear = findViewById(R.id.buttonClear);

buttonAdd.setOnClickListener(v -> operator = "+");

buttonSubtract.setOnClickListener(v -> operator = "-");

buttonMultiply.setOnClickListener(v -> operator = "×");

buttonDivide.setOnClickListener(v -> operator = "÷");

buttonEqual.setOnClickListener(v -> {

val2 = Double.parseDouble(inputField.getText().toString());

double result = switch (operator) {

case "+" -> val1 + val2;

case "-" -> val1 - val2;

case "×" -> val1 * val2;

case "÷" -> val1 / val2;

default -> 0;

};

inputField.setText(String.valueOf(result));
 });

buttonClear.setOnClickListener(v -> inputField.setText(""));

6) Running and Testing the App

- Use Emulator: Run the app using an Android Virtual Device (AVD) in Android Studio.

- Use Physical Device: Enable USB Debugging in Developer Options and run via USB Debugging.

7) Build APK of the App

Once tested:

1. Click Build > Build Bundle(s) / APK(s) > Build APK in Android Studio.

2. Find the APK in app/build/outputs/apk/debug/.

8) Hosting the App

To distribute:

- Upload to Google Play Store (requires signing APK with keystore).

- Share APK via Google Drive.

9) Import classes required

import androidx.activity.EdgeToEdge;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.core.graphics.Insets;
import androidx.core.view.ViewCompat;
import androidx.core.view.WindowInsetsCompat;