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Six Weeks Industrial Training Project Report on

MarketPlace (E-Commerce Application)

Submitted in the partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of degree of

Bachelor of Technology
IN

Computer Science and Engineering

Submitted By: Submitted To:

Name: jasveer Singh

University Roll No: 22303093

Name: Kartik Rana

University Roll No: 22303109

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

SARDAR BEANT SINGH STATE UNIVERSITY

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Introduction

The MarketPlace is a modern e-commerce application designed to provide a seamless

shopping experience for customers and an efficient management platform for administrators.
Built using the powerful MERN (MongoDB, Express.js, React.js, Node.js) stack, the
application leverages cutting-edge technologies to ensure performance, scalability, and
security.

E-commerce has transformed how businesses operate and how consumers shop, providing
convenience, flexibility, and global reach. The MarketPlace project addresses the growing
need for online shopping platforms by integrating key features like user-friendly interfaces,
robust product management, secure payment processing, and efficient order handling.

The project aims to simplify the process of online buying and selling by providing tools for
product browsing, secure checkout, and real-time updates. It also ensures that administrators
have full control over managing products, categories, and orders through an intuitive
dashboard.

1.2 Key Features

The MarketPlace application comes equipped with a wide range of features designed to
enhance the user experience and streamline business operations:

1. User Authentication and Role-Based Access Control:

1. Secure JWT-based authentication for user login and registration.

2. Role-based access control to differentiate between customers and administrators.

2 . Product Management:

1. Administrators can add, update, delete, and organize products into categories.
2. Detailed product pages with descriptions, prices, and images for customer convenience.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I have accumulated a large number of debts in preparing this project. While a brief acknowledgment here in no
way writes them off, it is a small courtesy whose sentiments are sincere. I would like to extend my sincere
thanks to all the people who helped me in different ways with the development of this project report. Without
their continuous support and guidance, the completion of my project would have been impossible.

I extend my gratitude to “Dr. S.k. Gupta”, Head of the Department, “CSE Department”, for her continuous
support and encouragement throughout the degree. I also wish to express my most sincere thanks to my
supervisor “-- for her invaluable guidance, advice, support, and encouragement. I will carry out her guidance
throughout my life.

I shall be falling behind in my duties if I do not place on record my sincere thanks to all those writers and
authors from whose writings I have benefited.

In the end, I would also like to mention that this project would not have been possible but for the continuous
support and guidance of my parents who gave me the strength and will to succeed. My thanks and appreciation
also go to my friends in developing the project and the people who have willingly helped me out with their
abilities.

Jasveer singh

Kartik Rana
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DECLARATION

I, Jasveer Singh and Kartik Rana, hereby declare that the work which is being presented in this project/training
titled “MarketPlace” by me, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of Bachelor of Technology
(B. Tech) Degree in “Computer Science and Engineering” is an authentic record of my own work.

To the best of my knowledge, the matter embodied in this report has not been submitted to any other
University/Institute for the award of any degree or diploma.

Jasveer singh

22303093

Kartik Rana
22303109

Signature of the Student:

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TABLE OF CONTENT

S.NO TOPICS P.NO

1. Introduction 8-9

2. Objectives 10-13

3. Hardware And Software Requirement 14

4. Software Tool Theoretical Background 15

5. Programming Language used 16-18

6. Project workflow 19

7. Introduction of MERN 20-22

9. Code and Implementation 27-37

10. Conclusion 38

11. Recommendatation 39

12. ScreenShot 40 . 45

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2. OBJECTIVES
.

2.1 Technical Objectives

1. Full-Stack Development:

1. Build a robust and scalable e-commerce platform using the MERN stack (MongoDB,
Express.js, React.js, Node.js).
2. Ensure seamless integration between the frontend and backend for a smooth user experience.

2.Authentication and Security:

2.

1. Implement secure user authentication using JSON Web Tokens (JWT).

2. Enforce role-based access control to distinguish between administrators and
regular users.

3.Payment Integration:

3.

1. Integrate the Braintree Payment Gateway for secure and reliable online payment
processing.

4.Database Management:

1. Utilize MongoDB for efficient storage and retrieval of product, order, and user data.
2. Implement structured schemas for better data organization and relationships.

5.Scalability and Responsiveness:

1. Ensure the platform performs efficiently under varying loads.

2. Design a responsive user interface for optimal usability across devices.

2.2 User-Centric Objectives

1. User-Friendly Interface:

1. Create an intuitive and visually appealing interface for easy navigation and product
discovery.
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2.Product Management

1. Enable users to browse products by categories, apply filters, and search for specific items.
2. Provide administrators with tools to manage product listings, categories, and inventory.

3.Order Processing:

1. Allow customers to place orders and track their statuses.

2. Facilitate order management for administrators, including status updates.

4.Secure Transactions:

1.Ensure safe handling of sensitive data during user registration, login, and payments.

Real-Time Updates:

1. Provide dynamic updates on products, orders, and system notifications to improve user
engagement.

The objectives of the MarketPlace project are aligned with the goal of creating a
comprehensive e-commerce solution that meets modern technological standards while
ensuring a seamless experience for both users and administrators.

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3. Hardware and Software Requirements

For this project minimum hardware and software requirement are listed below:

3.1)Hardware Requirements:

Processor : Intel I3

RAM : 4.00 GB

Hard Disk : 80 GB

3.2)Software Requirements:
JavaScript (Node.js and React.js) v.3.8
Front End Tool : (or Above)

Web Server : Apache Server 2.1.7.0 (or Above).

Back End Tool : MongoDB 5.5.8

Browser : IE 7.0/Mozilla Firefox 6.0/Cross

Operating System : Windows Operating System/Linux

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4. Software Tool Theoretical Background

The MarketPlace e-commerce platform is built using a modern suite of tools
and technologies that work in tandem to provide a reliable, scalable, and secure
shopping experience for users. These tools span various domains, including
database management, backend development, frontend frameworks, and
payment integration. Below is a detailed breakdown of the key software tools
utilized in the project, along with their individual contributions to the system's
overall architecture.

4.1 MongoDB - NoSQL Database

MongoDB is an open-source, document-oriented NoSQL database system that

is designed to store, retrieve, and manage unstructured data. Unlike traditional
relational databases, which use structured schemas, MongoDB stores data in
BSON (Binary JSON) format, making it highly flexible and capable of
handling diverse data types. The flexibility of MongoDB is critical for e-
commerce applications like MarketPlace, which require dynamic schemas to
store various types of product information, user profiles, orders, and transaction
histories.

Key Features:
 Schema Flexibility: MongoDB uses collections and documents instead of tables
and rows, which allows it to accommodate unstructured and semi-structured data.
This flexibility is particularly useful for managing e-commerce data that evolves
over time, such as product listings, customer preferences, and order statuses.
 Scalability: MongoDB's horizontal scaling capabilities through sharding make it an
ideal choice for handling large-scale applications with growing amounts of data.
This ensures that MarketPlace can handle increased traffic and product catalogs as
it expands.
 Performance: MongoDB supports indexing, which optimizes the retrieval speed of
data, making it particularly efficient for applications that require quick responses to
complex queries, such as product searches, filtering, and order tracking.

Usage in Project:
 MongoDB stores data related to products, including descriptions, pricing, and
images, making it easy to manage the dynamic and diverse nature of product data.
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 User data, including authentication credentials, personal information, and order

histories, are stored securely in MongoDB collections.
 The platform's transaction history and payment records are managed through
MongoDB, allowing for efficient data access and real-time updates.

4.2 Express.js - Web Application Framework

Express.js is a minimal and flexible web application framework for Node.js

that facilitates the creation of robust and scalable web applications. Express
simplifies the development of RESTful APIs by providing essential
functionalities such as routing, middleware, and templating.

Key Features:
 Routing: Express makes it easy to define routes for handling different HTTP
methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE). These routes are essential for managing
various functionalities such as user registration, product management, and order
processing.
 Middleware: Express supports middleware functions, which allow developers to
add custom functionality like data validation, logging, and authentication before the
main request handler. This ensures that requests are properly processed and that the
platform's security and business logic are maintained.
 Asynchronous Processing: Express leverages Node.js’s non-blocking, event-driven
architecture, allowing the server to handle multiple requests concurrently without
delays, which is crucial for e-commerce platforms that process many simultaneous
transactions.

Usage in Project:
 Express.js handles the backend logic of the MarketPlace application, including
routing for product searches, user authentication, and order management.
 It processes API requests from the frontend, communicates with the MongoDB
database, and sends back responses with relevant data, such as product listings, cart
information, and order statuses.
 Express also facilitates the integration of third-party services, such as payment
gateways (Braintree), ensuring that transactions are securely processed.

4.3 React.js - Frontend Library

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React.js is a JavaScript library for building user interfaces, particularly for

single-page applications where real-time data updates are required. React’s
component-based architecture allows developers to create modular, reusable
components, making it easier to maintain and scale complex UIs, which is
essential for a dynamic and interactive e-commerce platform like
MarketPlace.

Key Features:
 Component-Based Structure: React allows the development of reusable
components such as product cards, shopping carts, and order history views. This
modular approach simplifies code maintenance and enhances the overall
development process.
 Virtual DOM: React uses a virtual DOM to efficiently update the UI. When data
changes, React first updates the virtual DOM and then compares it with the actual
DOM, making the necessary updates. This minimizes direct DOM manipulation,
improving performance.
 One-Way Data Binding: React uses unidirectional data flow, which helps manage
the state of the application and makes it easier to debug and test. Changes to the
state in the components automatically reflect on the UI, ensuring consistency across
the application.

Usage in Project:
 React.js is used to build the frontend of the MarketPlace platform, including
product listings, user profiles, and the shopping cart interface.
 The component-based approach ensures that features like filtering products by
category, sorting by price, and updating the shopping cart are handled efficiently.
 React’s state management system handles dynamic updates in real-time, such as
product availability, cart status, and user session details, ensuring that the user
experience is fast and interactive.

4.4 Node.js - JavaScript Runtime Environment

Node.js is an open-source, event-driven JavaScript runtime that executes

JavaScript code server-side. Node.js is built on Chrome’s V8 JavaScript
engine, and it is known for its asynchronous, non-blocking I/O model, which
makes it highly suitable for building fast and scalable network applications. In
the MarketPlace project, Node.js handles the backend logic and ensures that
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the server can handle a large number of concurrent requests without

compromising performance.

Key Features:
 Asynchronous and Event-Driven: Node.js uses a single-threaded event loop to
handle multiple requests concurrently, making it ideal for applications that require
handling numerous simultaneous connections, such as e-commerce websites that
experience high traffic.
 Non-Blocking I/O: Node.js’s non-blocking architecture ensures that the server can
continue processing other tasks while waiting for I/O operations (e.g., database
queries, file uploads) to complete. This improves efficiency and reduces latency.
 NPM (Node Package Manager): Node.js comes with NPM, a package manager
that provides access to a vast ecosystem of libraries and modules. This simplifies the
process of integrating additional functionalities such as user authentication,
encryption, and payment processing.

Usage in Project:
 Node.js powers the backend server that handles API requests, user interactions, and
data management.
 It allows for the efficient processing of concurrent requests, ensuring that the
platform remains responsive even during peak traffic times, such as when multiple
users are browsing products and making purchases simultaneously.

4.5 Braintree - Payment Gateway Integration

Braintree is a full-stack payment gateway service that provides tools for

securely processing online payments. It supports a wide range of payment
methods, including credit cards, PayPal, Apple Pay, and Google Pay.
Braintree’s integration into the MarketPlace platform allows for seamless and
secure transactions, enhancing the user experience by offering various payment
options.

Key Features:
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 Multiple Payment Methods: Braintree allows customers to choose from a variety

of payment methods, such as credit/debit cards, PayPal, Google Pay, and Apple Pay,
providing flexibility for different customer preferences.
 Fraud Protection: Braintree offers advanced fraud detection tools that help prevent
unauthorized transactions and protect both customers and merchants.

5. Programming Language Used

The MarketPlace project is built primarily using JavaScript for both the
frontend and backend development. By leveraging the full-stack capabilities of
JavaScript through the MERN stack, the development process is streamlined,
and the application benefits from a unified codebase across both client and
server-side development.

5.1 Backend Programming with Node.js

 Node.js is used on the server-side to handle asynchronous I/O operations, making it
ideal for building scalable applications. The non-blocking nature of Node.js ensures
that the application can handle multiple user requests without slowing down, which
is crucial for the real-time, high-traffic environment of e-commerce platforms.

5.2 Frontend Development with React.js

 React.js is used to build the dynamic, responsive user interface. It allows developers
to create reusable UI components, manage complex state transitions, and ensure that
updates are reflected instantly without the need for page reloads.


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6. Project Workflow
The development of the MarketPlace application follows a structured and
iterative workflow designed to ensure efficient and effective execution of the
project. This process includes several phases such as planning, design,
development, testing, and deployment, which ensure that the application is
built systematically while addressing key features and functionalities.

6.1 Requirement Gathering and Analysis

 The initial phase of the project involves gathering and analyzing the project
requirements from both a business and technical perspective. The key functional
requirements include product browsing, user authentication, secure payment
processing, and order management.
 Non-functional requirements such as scalability, security, and performance are also
identified to ensure that the application meets real-world demands.
 This phase also involves selecting the appropriate technologies and tools for
development, ensuring that the platform is both scalable and maintainable.

6.2 Design and Architecture

 The design phase focuses on defining the system’s architecture, creating wireframes
for the user interface (UI), and determining the database structure.
 Wireframes are designed to visualize the layout of the user interface, ensuring a
user-friendly design that enhances the shopping experience.
 The backend architecture is designed using the MERN stack, where Express.js
handles the server-side logic, React.js powers the frontend, and MongoDB stores the
data.
 Key decisions are made regarding the API endpoints, database schemas, and
integrations with third-party services like Braintree for payments.

6.3 Development and Implementation

 Frontend Development: The frontend is built using React.js, where components
like product listings, shopping carts, and user dashboards are developed. These
components are reusable and allow for dynamic content rendering based on user
interactions.
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 Backend Development: The backend is developed using Node.js and Express.js,

where the business logic and API routes are implemented. This includes managing
user authentication, product CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations, and
order processing.
 Integration with MongoDB: MongoDB is used to store user, product, and order
data. The database is set up with schemas for each entity, ensuring efficient storage
and retrieval of data.
 Payment Gateway Integration: Braintree is integrated to allow secure payment
processing. The API facilitates transactions, and the platform is PCI-DSS compliant
for safe handling of sensitive payment data.

6.4 Testing and Quality Assurance

 Unit Testing: Unit tests are written for individual components and functions to
ensure that they perform as expected. Tests cover aspects like API routes, database
queries, and React component rendering.
 Integration Testing: This phase ensures that all parts of the application (frontend,
backend, database) work together seamlessly. APIs are tested for correct data
handling, and the frontend is verified for proper UI updates.
 User Acceptance Testing (UAT): This final testing phase involves end-users
testing the application in real-world scenarios to ensure that it meets their
expectations and business needs.

6.5 Deployment and Maintenance

 Once the application passes testing, it is deployed to a cloud platform like AWS or
Heroku. This ensures that the platform can handle traffic and scale as necessary.
 Continuous monitoring is set up to track performance and security. Regular updates
are provided to ensure that new features are implemented and bugs are fixed in a
timely manner.
 As the user base grows, the application is optimized to handle higher loads, ensuring
that it remains fast and responsive.

7. Introduction to MERN
The MERN stack is a collection of four technologies that are commonly used
to develop modern web applications. MERN stands for MongoDB, Express.js,
React.js, and Node.js. Each of these technologies plays a critical role in the
MarketPlace project, ensuring that the platform is scalable, responsive, and
easy to maintain.
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7.1 MongoDB

MongoDB is the database layer in the MERN stack, providing a flexible,

NoSQL database for storing unstructured data. It allows for fast read and write
operations, and its schema-less nature allows it to store different types of data
without rigid requirements. MongoDB is perfect for applications that deal with
large amounts of unstructured data, such as product descriptions, images, and
transaction histories.

7.2 Express.js

Express.js is a backend web application framework that simplifies the process

of building and managing APIs. It enables the development of a server with
routing and middleware, allowing the backend of the MarketPlace platform to
handle user requests such as registration, login, product queries, and order
management. Express works seamlessly with Node.js to process asynchronous
requests, making the application scalable and performant.

7.3 React.js

React.js is a JavaScript library used to build dynamic and interactive user

interfaces. It’s built around reusable components that make it easy to update the
user interface based on changes in application state. React.js ensures that the
MarketPlace platform’s frontend is responsive, with real-time updates such as
when users add products to their cart, update their profile, or place an order.

7.4 Node.js

Node.js is the runtime environment for executing JavaScript server-side. It

enables non-blocking I/O, which is essential for handling multiple requests
simultaneously in a highly scalable environment. In the MarketPlace project,
Node.js powers the backend logic, handles API requests, and facilitates
communication between the frontend and the database.

Together, these four technologies provide a powerful combination for

developing a full-stack JavaScript application. The MERN stack’s use of a
single language (JavaScript) for both frontend and backend development
simplifies the development process and ensures consistency across the
application.
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9. Code and Implementation

The MarketPlace platform’s codebase consists of two main parts: the backend
(API) and the frontend (UI). Below is an overview of how the code is
structured and how the different technologies are implemented.

9.1 Backend Code (Node.js + Express.js)

 API Routes: Express.js handles all the backend API routes. These routes manage
the core functionalities such as user registration, login, product management, and
order processing.
 Authentication: JWT-based authentication ensures secure login and access control.
Users are required to authenticate themselves before accessing restricted routes.
 Database Interaction: Mongoose, an ODM (Object Data Modeling) library, is used
to interact with MongoDB. It provides a simple API for managing data, including
the creation and retrieval of documents related to products, users, and orders.
 Payment Integration: The backend integrates with Braintree to handle payment
transactions. Braintree’s API is used to process credit card payments and securely
manage sensitive payment data.

9.2 Frontend Code (React.js)

 React Components: The frontend is built using React.js. Components such as
product cards, shopping cart, and order history are created as reusable components.
 State Management: React’s state management system is used to store dynamic data
such as product availability, cart status, and user login status. React hooks (useState
and useEffect) are used to manage component states and side effects.
 Form Handling: Forms such as login, registration, and checkout are handled with
validation to ensure proper data entry. Form data is sent to the backend via API
requests for further processing.

9.3 Integration with MongoDB and Braintree

 MongoDB stores all critical data, such as user profiles, product details, and order
histories.
 Braintree handles payment processing, using tokenization to secure user payment
information and prevent fraud.
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10. Conclusion
The MarketPlace project successfully demonstrates how modern web
technologies such as MongoDB, Express.js, React.js, Node.js, and Braintree
can be integrated to build a full-featured e-commerce platform. By leveraging
the power of the MERN stack, the project is not only scalable but also efficient
and secure.

The platform provides an intuitive user interface with React.js, ensuring that
customers have a seamless shopping experience. On the backend, Express.js
and Node.js work together to process requests and handle business logic, while
MongoDB provides a flexible and scalable database to store critical data.
Braintree integration enables secure and reliable payment processing, further
enhancing the overall security of the platform.

With its robust functionality and seamless user experience, the MarketPlace
application exemplifies modern web development practices and serves as an
ideal solution for businesses looking to establish a secure and scalable online
store.

11. Recommendations
While the MarketPlace platform is fully functional, there are several areas
where improvements could be made to enhance the user experience, scalability,
and performance of the application.

11.1 Mobile Optimization

As mobile commerce continues to grow, it is essential for the platform to be

fully optimized for mobile devices. Although the frontend is responsive, further
testing and optimization could improve the mobile shopping experience,
particularly for users with slow internet connections or older devices.

11.2 Advanced Search and Filtering

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To improve the product search functionality, advanced filters can be

introduced, such as sorting by price range, user ratings, or availability. This
will make it easier for customers to find products that meet their specific needs.

11.3 Personalized Recommendations

Adding a recommendation engine based on user behavior and previous

purchases could significantly enhance user engagement. This feature would
suggest products that are relevant to the customer, increasing the likelihood of
additional purchases.

11.4 Performance Optimization

As the platform grows, it’s crucial to optimize the performance of the backend.
Techniques such as database indexing, caching, and code splitting can be
employed to reduce server load and improve response times, especially during
high traffic periods.

11.5 Enhanced Admin Dashboard

The admin dashboard can be enhanced to include more analytics features, such
as sales reports, customer demographics, and product performance data.

 Tokenization: Braintree uses tokenization to securely handle sensitive payment

data. Instead of storing credit card information directly, it generates tokens that
represent the data, ensuring that no sensitive information is exposed during the
transaction process.

Usage in Project:
 Braintree is integrated into the checkout system of the MarketPlace application to
handle payment processing securely.
 The integration allows for the smooth and safe handling of customer payments,
ensuring that sensitive data is protected throughout the transaction process.
 The tokenization feature reduces the risk of data breaches by ensuring that payment
details are not stored in the application’s database.
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ScreenShots

REGISTER FORM
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LOGIN FORM
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DASHBOARD
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ADMIN PANEL

USER CHECKOUT
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