Area of Polygon 1 ASSIGNMENT 1
AREA AND POLYGON - 1
1. ABCD is a parallelogram and E is the midpoint of CD. Prove that area of ADE = 1/4 the area of
parallelogram ABCD.
(ii) Consider the family R of parallelograms on equal bases whose areas are all equal. Prove that
in R that which is a rectangle has the least perimeter.
2. (i) If the lengths of two sides of a triangle are given, show that its area is greatest when the angle
between the sides is a right angle.
(ii) ABC is a fixed triangle. P is any point on the same side of BC as that of A such that PAB and
ABC have equal areas. Find the locus of P.
3. (CHINA/1996) Let the heights on three sides of ABC ha, hb, hc respectively and 2b = a + c. Prove
2 1 1
that = +
hb ha hc
4. If ABC and XYZ are two triangles such that AB : BC = XY : YZ and the angles B and Y are
supplementary prove that [ABC]/[XYZ] = AB2/XY2
5. (i) In the given figure, what is the ratio of the areas of the two shaded triangles?
(ii) In the given figure, what is the ratio of the shaded area to the area of one of the five
congruent triangles?
6. ABCD is a rectangle, E is the mid-point of AD. F is the mid-point of EC. [ABCD] = 120 cm2; FIND
[BDF]
7. OA, OB, OC are three given line segments and P is any point on OC. If PM and PN are the
perpendiculars from P on OA and OB respectively, prove that PM : PN is a constant.
Area of Polygon 1 2
ANSWER KEY
5. 9/4, 3/2 6. 15 cm2
Solutions
1. ABCD is a parallelogram and E is the midpoint of CD. Prove that area of ADE = 1/4 the area of
parallelogram ABCD.
(ii) Consider the family R of parallelograms on equal bases whose areas are all equal. Prove that
in R that which is a rectangle has the least perimeter.
Sol. Draw EF || AD
[ADE] = 1/2 [AFED] = 1/4 [ABCD]
(ii) [ABEF] = [ABCD]
AF & AD & BE < BC [perpendicular distance is shortest]
AB + BE + EF + AF < AB + BC + CD + AD
2. (i) If the lengths of two sides of a triangle are given, show that its area is greatest when the angle
between the sides is a right angle.
(ii) ABC is a fixed triangle. P is any point on the same side of BC as that of A such that PAB and
ABC have equal areas. Find the locus of P.
Sol. (i) Clearly h < Ac
Area of Polygon 1 3
[ABC] = 1/2AB x h
[ABC]Max when h = AC this happens
When = 90°
(ii) P lies on the line parallel to BC passing through A
3. (CHINA/1996) Let the heights on three sides of ABC ha, hb, hc respectively and 2b = a + c. Prove
2 1 1
that = +
hb ha hc
1 1 1
Sol. Let A be area of the ABC. Then A = h a a = h b b = h cc therefore
2 2 2
2A 2A 2A
a= , b= , c=
ha hb hc
4A 2A 2A 2 1 1
Since 2b = a + c, we have = + i.e. = +
hb ha hc , hb ha hc
4. If ABC and XYZ are two triangles such that AB : BC = XY : YZ and the angles B and Y are
supplementary prove that [ABC]/[XYZ] = AB2/XY2
Sol Draw Z’Y = ZY
ABC XYZ' BySAS
ABC = AB2
XYZ XY 2
XYZ' = XYZ [XY is median]
ABC = AB2
XYZ XY 2
Area of Polygon 1 4
5. (i) In the given figure, what is the ratio of the areas of the two shaded triangles?
(ii) In the given figure, what is the ratio of the shaded area to the area of one of the five
congruent triangles?
Sol. (i)
1
5 CE
A1 2 5CE
= =
A 2 1 4 BD 4BD
2
BD || CE
ABD ACE
BD AB 5
= =
CE AC 9
A1 5 9 9
= =
A2 4 5 4
(II)
Shaded area 4 3 3 1 2 1 1
= 1 + + +
One Triangle Area 5 4 5 2 5 4 5
4 9 1 1 3
= + + + =
5 20 5 20 2
6. ABCD is a rectangle, E is the mid-point of AD. F is the mid-point of EC. [ABCD] = 120 cm2; Find
[BDF]
Area of Polygon 1 5
Sol. Construction: Draw perpendicular from F to CD and BC to meet them at G and H respectively. Let
the sides of the rectangle have lengths 2a and b.
Now [ABCD] = 120 That is, (2a) ⋅ (b) = 120 ⇒ ab = 60
Because of Mid-point theorem, FG || ED in CED and F being the midpoint of CE, G will b be the
midpoint of DC; also CG = GD =b/2 & FG=a/2
Now [BDF] = [BDC] – [DFC] – [FBC]
1 a 1 b
= 60 − b − 2a
2 2 2 2
1 1 60 60
BDF = 60 − ab − ab − − = 15cm 2
4 2 4 2
7. OA, OB, OC are three given line segments and P is any point on OC. If PM and PN are the
perpendiculars from P on OA and OB respectively, prove that PM : PN is a constant.
Sol.
PM OP PN
= =
CM ' OC CN '
PM CM ' AOC OB
= = = c ons tan t
PN CN OA BOC
