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NM Lecture 3

The document explains the False Position Method (or Regula Falsi) for finding roots of equations, detailing its iterative process and providing a step-by-step example. It outlines the steps to identify the root by selecting initial points, calculating new values, and updating the interval based on function signs. The example illustrates the method's application, showing iterations until the desired accuracy is achieved.

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2023200000197
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14 views11 pages

NM Lecture 3

The document explains the False Position Method (or Regula Falsi) for finding roots of equations, detailing its iterative process and providing a step-by-step example. It outlines the steps to identify the root by selecting initial points, calculating new values, and updating the interval based on function signs. The example illustrates the method's application, showing iterations until the desired accuracy is achieved.

Uploaded by

2023200000197
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Bracketing Methods

(False Position)

Jannatim Maisha
False Position Method
False Position Method

The interval between x1 and x2 is divided into two equal halves


in the bisection process, regardless of the root position. As
shown in Figure 4, the root may be closer to one end than the
other. The root's closer to x1 in the figure. When we connect the
x1 and x2 points in a straight line, the intersection point of this
line with the x axis (x0) provides an improved root and is called
the false position of the root. This point then replaces one of the
initial guesses that has a function value of the same sign as f
(x0). The process is repeated with the new values of x1 and x2.
Since this method uses the false position of the root repeatedly,
it is called the false position method (or regula falsi in Latin). It is
also called the linear interpolation method.
Slopping Criterion
EXAMPLE OF FALS E POSITION
METHOD
FALSE POSITION/REGULA FALSI METHOD
False Position method (regula falsi method) Steps
Step-1: Find points x0 and x1 such that x0<x1 and
f(x0)⋅f(x1)<0.
Step-2: Take the interval [x0, x1] and
find next value x2 = x0 – (f(x0) (x1 – x0) ) / (f (x1) – f(x0))

Step-3: If f(x2)=0 then x2 is an exact root,


else if f(x0)⋅f(x2)<0 then x1=x2,
else if f(x2)⋅f(x1)<0 then x0=x2.
Step-4:
Repeat steps 2 & 3 until f(xi)=0 or |f(xi)|≤Accuracy
EXAMPLEOFFALSEPOSITIONMETHOD
𝟑
Find a root of an equation using False Position method for the
interval [0,2] and given predefined relative error 𝒓 = 0.01
Solution:
1st iteration :
Here
Now, Root lies between x0=1 and x1=2

1.16667– 1
Relative error = = 0.14
1.16667
2nd iteration :

𝐻𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑓(1.16667) = −0.5787 < 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑓(2) = 5 > 0


∴ 𝑁𝑜𝑤, 𝑅𝑜𝑜𝑡 𝑙𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝑏𝑒𝑡𝑤𝑒𝑒𝑛 𝑥0 = 1.16667 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥1 = 2
𝑥3 = 𝑥0 − 𝑓(𝑥0) ⋅ (𝑥1 − 𝑥0)/𝑓(𝑥1) − 𝑓(𝑥0)

𝑥3 = 1.16667 − (−0.5787) ⋅ 2 − 1.166675 − (−0.5787)


𝑥3 = 1.25311

𝑓(𝑥3) = 𝑓(1.25311) = −0.28536 < 0


1.25311–1.166675
Relative error = = 0.06
1.25311

3rd iteration :

𝐻𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑓(1.25311) = −0.28536 < 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑓(2) = 5 > 0


∴ 𝑁𝑜𝑤, 𝑅𝑜𝑜𝑡 𝑙𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝑏𝑒𝑡𝑤𝑒𝑒𝑛 𝑥0 = 1.25311 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥1 = 2
𝑥4 = 𝑥0 − 𝑓(𝑥0) ⋅ (𝑥1 − 𝑥0)/𝑓(𝑥1) − 𝑓(𝑥0)
𝑥4 = 1.25311 − (−0.28536) ⋅ 2 − 1.253115 − (−0.28536)
𝑥4 = 1.29344
𝑓(𝑥4) = 𝑓(1.29344) = −0.12954 < 0
1.29344 .25311
Relative error = = 0.03
1.29344
Relative error is <0.01 after 5th iteration, so approximation root is:
Iteration Table for False Position Method:

Relativ
n x0 f(x0) x1 f(x1) x2 f(x2) Update
e
Error
1 1 -1 2 5 1.16667 -0.5787 x0=x2 0.14

2 1.16667 -0.5787 2 5 1.25311 -0.28536 x0=x2 0.06

3 1.25311 -0.28536 2 5 1.29344 -0.12954 x0=x2 0.03

4 1.29344 -0.12954 2 5 1.31128 -0.05659 x0=x2 0.01

5 1.31128 -0.05659 2 5 1.31899 -0.0243 x0=x2 0.005


GRAPHICALREPRESENTATIONOFTHEPOLYNOMIAL 𝟑
Your turn

Find real root of the equation f (x) = x2 – x – 2 = 0 using Regula Falsi.

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