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Go Testing and Error Handling

This guide provides an overview of testing and error handling in Go, including writing unit tests, table-driven tests, and idiomatic error handling. It covers creating custom error types, testing for errors, and benchmarking functions. Additionally, it explains how to run tests using the `go test` command and manage subtests and cleanup logic.

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23 views4 pages

Go Testing and Error Handling

This guide provides an overview of testing and error handling in Go, including writing unit tests, table-driven tests, and idiomatic error handling. It covers creating custom error types, testing for errors, and benchmarking functions. Additionally, it explains how to run tests using the `go test` command and manage subtests and cleanup logic.

Uploaded by

yeison.casado.quiterios
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Go Testing & Error Handling

Introduction
This guide covers essential concepts of testing and error handling in Go. You'll learn how to write

unit tests, table-driven tests, and handle errors idiomatically.

1. Writing Unit Tests


Go uses the testing package to write unit tests.

Example:

// main.go

package main

func Add(a, b int) int {

return a + b

// main_test.go

package main

import "testing"

func TestAdd(t *testing.T) {

result := Add(2, 3)

if result != 5 {

t.Errorf("Add(2, 3) = %d; want 5", result)

}
}

2. Table-Driven Tests
Table-driven tests make it easy to test multiple scenarios:

func TestAddTable(t *testing.T) {

tests := []struct {

a, b, want int

}{

{1, 1, 2},

{2, 3, 5},

{10, -5, 5},

for _, tt := range tests {

got := Add(tt.a, tt.b)

if got != tt.want {

t.Errorf("Add(%d, %d) = %d; want %d", tt.a, tt.b, got, tt.want)

3. Error Handling in Go
Go encourages explicit error handling.

Example:

func divide(a, b int) (int, error) {

if b == 0 {
return 0, fmt.Errorf("cannot divide by zero")

return a / b, nil

result, err := divide(10, 0)

if err != nil {

log.Fatal(err)

4. Custom Error Types


You can define custom error types for more detail:

type MyError struct {

Code int

Msg string

func (e *MyError) Error() string {

return fmt.Sprintf("Error %d: %s", e.Code, e.Msg)

5. Testing Errors
Use the errors.Is or errors.As functions to test errors:

func TestDivideError(t *testing.T) {

_, err := divide(5, 0)
if err == nil {

t.Error("Expected an error but got nil")

6. Benchmarking
Use Benchmark functions to measure performance:

func BenchmarkAdd(b *testing.B) {

for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {

Add(1, 2)

7. Running Tests
Use the `go test` command:

go test

go test -v

go test -bench=.

Use `t.Run()` for subtests and `testing.T.Cleanup()` for cleanup logic.

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