FICO (Finance and Controlling) in SAP - 4-Day Learning Plan
Objective: Learn SAP FICO from basics to advanced concepts, including key modules, T-
codes, and hands-on practice.
Day 1: Introduction to SAP FICO & Financial Accounting (FI) Basics
Topics Covered:
1. Introduction to SAP FICO
o What is SAP FICO?
o FI (Financial Accounting) vs. CO (Controlling)
o Integration with other SAP modules (MM, SD, PP)
2. Organizational Structure in FI
o Client > Company Code > Business Area > Chart of Accounts
o Fiscal Year Variant & Posting Periods
3. General Ledger (GL) Accounting
o Chart of Accounts (T-code: OB13)
o GL Account Creation (T-code: FS00)
o Document Posting (T-code: FB50)
4. Accounts Payable (AP)
o Vendor Master Data (T-code: XK01)
o Invoice Posting (T-code: FB60)
o Payment Processing (T-code: F110)
5. Accounts Receivable (AR)
o Customer Master Data (T-code: XD01)
o Invoice Posting (T-code: FB70)
o Incoming Payments (T-code: F-28)
Hands-on Practice:
✅ Create a Company Code (OX02)
✅ Define a Chart of Accounts (OB13)
✅ Post a sample GL transaction (FB50)
Day 2: Asset Accounting (AA), Bank Accounting & Month-End Closing
Topics Covered:
1. Asset Accounting (AA)
o Asset Master Data (T-code: AS01)
o Asset Acquisition (T-code: F-90)
o Depreciation (T-code: AFAB)
2. Bank Accounting
o House Banks & Bank Master Data (T-code: FI12)
o Electronic Bank Statement (T-code: FF67)
3. Month-End & Year-End Closing
o Open & Close Posting Periods (T-code: OB52)
o Financial Statements (T-code: S_ALR_87012284)
Hands-on Practice:
✅ Create an Asset Master (AS01)
✅ Post an Asset Acquisition (F-90)
✅ Run Depreciation (AFAB)
Day 3: Controlling (CO) Basics – Cost Centers, Profit Centers & Internal Orders
Topics Covered:
1. Introduction to Controlling (CO)
o Cost Elements (T-code: KA06)
o Cost Centers (T-code: KS01)
o Profit Centers (T-code: KE51)
2. Cost Center Accounting (CCA)
o Assigning Costs (T-code: KB11N)
o Cost Center Reports (T-code: S_ALR_87013611)
3. Internal Orders (IO)
o Create Internal Order (T-code: KO01)
o Budgeting & Settlement (T-code: KO22)
Hands-on Practice:
✅ Create a Cost Center (KS01)
✅ Assign Costs to a Cost Center (KB11N)
✅ Generate a Cost Center Report (S_ALR_87013611)
Day 4: Profitability Analysis (CO-PA), Product Costing & Integration
Topics Covered:
1. Profitability Analysis (CO-PA)
o Characteristics & Value Fields (T-code: KEA6)
o CO-PA Reports (T-code: KE30)
2. Product Costing (CO-PC)
o Cost Components (T-code: OKTZ)
o Costing Sheet (T-code: KZS2)
3. Integration with MM & SD
o Automatic Account Determination (OBYC)
o Material Movement Postings (MIGO)
Hands-on Practice:
✅ Run a CO-PA Report (KE30)
✅ Check Automatic Postings (OBYC)
Bonus: Key T-Codes for Quick Reference
Module T-Codes
General Ledger FS00, FB50, FBL3N
Accounts Payable XK01, FB60, F110
Accounts
XD01, FB70, F-28
Receivable
Asset Accounting AS01, F-90, AFAB
Cost Centers KS01, KB11N
Profit Centers KE51, 7KE1
Module T-Codes
Internal Orders KO01, KO22
CO-PA KEA6, KE30
Final Tips for Learning FICO in 4 Days:
✔ Practice daily – Use SAP IDES or a sandbox system.
✔ Take notes – Document key T-codes and processes.
✔ Use SAP Help (F1 Key) – For detailed explanations.
✔ Join SAP FICO forums – For doubts (SAP Community, Reddit).
By the end of Day 4, you’ll have a strong foundation in SAP FICO! 🚀
Would you like additional exercises or real-world case studies? Let me know! 😊
Yes Real world case studies please from basic to advance
SAP FICO Real-World Case Studies (Basic to Advanced)
Below are real-world case studies that cover basic to advanced FICO scenarios, including T-
codes, configurations, and step-by-step solutions.
Case Study 1: Basic – Vendor Invoice Posting & Payment (AP Process)
Scenario:
ABC Corp receives an invoice from Vendor XYZ for $5,000 (Office Supplies). The payment
terms are Net 30.
Steps to Execute in SAP:
1. Create Vendor Master (T-code: XK01)
o Enter vendor details (name, address, payment terms).
o Assign company code & reconciliation account.
2. Post Invoice (T-code: FB60)
o Enter vendor ID, invoice amount, tax code, GL account (Office Supplies
Expense).
3. Verify Invoice (T-code: FBL1N)
o Check open vendor line items.
4. Process Payment (T-code: F110 – Automatic Payment Run)
o Select vendor, payment method (Bank Transfer), execute payment.
5. Reconciliation (T-code: FBL1N)
o Verify payment clears vendor balance.
Learning Outcome:
✅ Understand end-to-end AP process
✅ Master vendor invoice posting & payment
Case Study 2: Intermediate – Asset Acquisition & Depreciation (AA Process)
Scenario:
A manufacturing company buys a machine for $50,000 (useful life: 5 years, straight-line
depreciation).
Steps to Execute in SAP:
1. Create Asset Master (T-code: AS01)
o Asset class: Machinery
o Cost center assignment
2. Post Asset Acquisition (T-code: F-90 or AIAB)
o Enter vendor invoice details, assign asset number.
3. Run Depreciation (T-code: AFAB)
o Execute monthly depreciation.
4. Check Asset Explorer (T-code: AW01N)
o Verify book value & accumulated depreciation.
Learning Outcome:
✅ Learn asset lifecycle management
✅ Execute depreciation postings
Case Study 3: Advanced – Product Costing & CO-PA Analysis
Scenario:
A company manufactures Product X and wants to analyze profitability by customer &
region.
Steps to Execute in SAP:
1. Set Up Cost Components (T-code: OKTZ)
o Define material, labor, overhead costs.
2. Run Product Costing (T-code: CK11N – Cost Estimate)
o Calculate standard cost for Product X.
3. Mark & Release Costing (T-code: CK24)
o Update material master with new standard cost.
4. Profitability Analysis (T-code: KE30)
o Generate CO-PA report by customer & region.
Learning Outcome:
✅ Understand product costing flow
✅ Analyze profitability segments
Case Study 4: Integration – Procure-to-Pay (MM-FI)
Scenario:
A company purchases 100 units of raw material from Vendor ABC at $10/unit.
Steps to Execute in SAP:
1. Purchase Order (T-code: ME21N)
o Create PO for Vendor ABC.
2. Goods Receipt (T-code: MIGO)
o Post GR, which updates inventory & GR/IR account.
3. Invoice Verification (T-code: MIRO)
o Match PO, GR, and invoice.
4. Automatic FI Posting (Check FB03)
o Verify debit to inventory & credit to vendor.
Learning Outcome:
✅ Learn MM-FI integration
✅ Understand 3-way match process
Case Study 5: Month-End Closing & Financial Reporting
Scenario:
At month-end, a company needs to:
Close posting periods
Reconcile GL accounts
Generate financial statements
Steps to Execute in SAP:
1. Close Posting Period (T-code: OB52)
o Lock previous period.
2. Accrue Expenses (T-code: FBS1)
o Post accruals for unpaid invoices.
3. Reconcile Subledgers (T-codes: FBL1N, FBL3N, FBL5N)
o Match AP, AR, and GL balances.
4. Generate Financial Statements (T-code: S_ALR_87012284)
o Run P&L & Balance Sheet.
Learning Outcome:
✅ Master month-end closing
✅ Generate financial reports
Bonus: Troubleshooting Common FICO Issues
Issue Solution (T-code)
Posting period not
OB52 (Open period)
open
Tax calculation error FTXP (Check tax codes)
Document not balanced FBV0 (Park document)
Payment not clearing F-44 (Reset cleared items)
Final Challenge (Test Your Skills!)
Scenario:
A customer returns goods worth $2,000, and you need to:
1. Post a credit memo (FB75)
2. Reverse revenue recognition
3. Update CO-PA (KE30)
Can you execute this in SAP? 😊
Next Steps:
✔ Practice these cases in an SAP IDES system
✔ Explore additional scenarios (e.g., foreign currency payments, intercompany
transactions)
✔ Join SAP FICO forums for discussions
Would you like detailed configurations for any of these cases? Let me know! 🚀
YEs please
SAP FICO Real-World Case Studies with Detailed Configurations
(From Basic to Advanced – Step-by-Step Setup & Execution)
Below are expanded case studies with detailed SAP configurations, including T-codes,
customizing paths, and troubleshooting tips.
Case Study 1: Vendor Invoice Posting & Payment (AP Process) – With Configurations
Scenario:
ABC Corp receives an invoice from Vendor XYZ for $5,000 (Office Supplies).
Step-by-Step Execution:
1. Vendor Master Setup (T-code: XK01)
Path: SAP Menu → Accounting → Financial Accounting → Accounts Payable →
Master Records → Create
Key Fields:
o Company Code: 1000
o Reconciliation Account: 210000 (Accounts Payable)
o Payment Terms: 0001 (Net 30)
2. Configure Automatic Payment Terms (If Not Predefined)
T-code: OBB8
Path: SPRO → Financial Accounting → AR/AP → Business Transactions → Outgoing
Payments → Automatic Outgoing Payments → Payment Terms
Action: Define new terms (e.g., NET30 with 30-day due date).
3. Post Invoice (T-code: FB60)
Document Type: KR (Vendor Invoice)
Posting Key: 31 (Vendor Debit)
Tax Code: U1 (Taxable Purchase)
GL Account: 600000 (Office Supplies Expense)
4. Verify & Pay Invoice
Check Open Items: FBL1N (Vendor Line Items)
Run Payment Program: F110 (Configure Payment Method as "B" for Bank Transfer)
5. Reconciliation
Clearing Open Items: F-44 (If payment fails to clear)
Case Study 2: Asset Acquisition & Depreciation – With Configurations
Scenario:
A company buys a machine for $50,000 (5-year useful life, straight-line depreciation).
Step-by-Step Execution:
1. Define Asset Class (If Not Predefined)
T-code: OAOA
Path: SPRO → Financial Accounting → Asset Accounting → Organizational Structures
→ Asset Classes
Action: Create "MACHINERY" class (Account Determination Key = 1000).
2. Create Asset Master (T-code: AS01)
Asset Class: MACHINERY
Cost Center: 1000 (Production Dept)
Depreciation Key: STL (Straight-Line)
3. Post Acquisition (T-code: F-90 or AIAB)
Transaction Type: 100 (Acquisition)
Debit Account: 700000 (Machinery Asset)
Credit Account: 210000 (Accounts Payable)
4. Configure Depreciation Area
T-code: AO90
Path: SPRO → Asset Accounting → Depreciation → Depreciation Areas
Action: Ensure "Book Depreciation" (01) is active.
5. Run Depreciation (T-code: AFAB)
Period: 202501 (Jan 2025)
Execute Test Run → Post
6. Verify in Asset Explorer (T-code: AW01N)
Check Net Book Value and Depreciation Postings.
Case Study 3: Product Costing – With Configurations
Scenario:
Calculate the standard cost for Product X (Material: RM-100).
Step-by-Step Execution:
1. Define Cost Component Structure (T-code: OKTZ)
Path: SPRO → Controlling → Product Cost Controlling → Cost Object Controlling →
Product Cost by Period → Actual Postings → Define Cost Components
Action: Create structure "PROD1" with:
o Material Costs (Raw Materials)
o Labor Costs (Production)
o Overhead (Indirect Costs)
2. Assign Cost Components to Costing Sheet (T-code: KZS2)
Path: SPRO → Controlling → Product Cost Planning → Basic Settings for Material
Costing → Define Overhead
Action: Link overhead rates to cost components.
3. Run Cost Estimate (T-code: CK11N)
Material: RM-100
Costing Variant: PPC1 (Standard Costing)
Check Results: View cost breakdown by component.
4. Mark & Release Costs (T-code: CK24)
Action: Update material master with new standard price.
Case Study 4: Month-End Closing – With Configurations
Scenario:
Close January 2025 books.
Step-by-Step Execution:
1. Open/Close Posting Periods (T-code: OB52)
Path: SPRO → Financial Accounting → Financial Accounting Global Settings →
Document → Posting Periods
Action: Lock December 2024, open January 2025.
2. Accrue Unpaid Invoices (T-code: FBS1)
GL Account: 450000 (Accrued Expenses)
Posting Key: 40 (GL Credit)
3. Reconcile Subledgers
AP Reconciliation: FBL1N (Vendor Aging Report)
AR Reconciliation: FBL5N (Customer Aging Report)
4. Generate Financial Statements (T-code: S_ALR_87012284)
Report Variant: COMPANY_BALANCE_SHEET
Advanced Case Study: Intercompany Transactions
Scenario:
Company Code 1000 sells goods to Company Code 2000 (same client).
Configurations Needed:
1. Define Intercompany Clearing Account (T-code: OBYA)
o Path: SPRO → Financial Accounting → AR/AP → Business Transactions →
Intercompany Postings
2. Post Intercompany Invoice (T-code: FB70)
o Use Document Type IV (Intercompany).
Troubleshooting Configurations
Issue Configuration Fix
"Posting Period Closed" error OB52 → Extend period
Tax not calculating FTXP → Assign tax codes to GL accounts
Payment method not
SPRO → Payment Methods (T-code: FBZP)
working
Final Exercise: End-to-End Process
Scenario:
Purchase raw materials → Post GR → Invoice → Cost → CO-PA Analysis.
Can you execute this?
Would you like SAP screenshots or video guidance for any of these? Let me know! 🚀
Yes please
SAP FICO Real-World Case Studies with Screenshots & Configurations
Since I can't directly embed screenshots here, I'll provide detailed descriptions of key SAP
screens along with the exact navigation paths. For actual screenshots, I recommend:
1. Accessing the SAP Demo System (IDES)
2. Checking SAP's official F1 Help documentation
3. Referencing these step-by-step guides with simulated screens:
Case Study 1: Vendor Invoice Posting (With Screen Flow)
1. Vendor Master Creation (XK01)
Screen Flow:
1. Transaction: XK01
2. Address Tab
![Vendor Address Screen]
o Company Code: 1000
o Purchasing Org: 1000
3. Payment Transactions Tab
![Payment Terms Screen]
o Payment Terms: 0001 (Net 30)
o Reconciliation Acct: 210000
2. Invoice Posting (FB60)
Key Fields to Note:
![FB60 Invoice Screen]
1. Document Header
o Doc Type: KR
o Posting Date: Today
2. Line Items
o Vendor: [Your Vendor ID]
o Amount: 5000
o Tax Code: U1
o GL Account: 600000
Case Study 2: Asset Acquisition (AS01 → F-90 → AFAB)
1. Asset Master (AS01)
Navigation:
AS01 → Enter Asset Class "MACHINERY"
![AS01 Screen]
Time-dependent Tab:
o Cost Center: 1000
Depreciation Areas Tab:
o Deprec. Key: STL (Straight Line)
2. Post Acquisition (F-90)
![F-90 Screen]
Transaction Type: 100 (Acquisition)
Amount: 50,000
Asset: [Your Asset Number]
3. Run Depreciation (AFAB)
![AFAB Screen]
Execute → Test Run → Post
Case Study 3: Product Costing (CK11N → CK24)
1. Cost Estimate (CK11N)
![CK11N Screen]
Material: RM-100
Costing Variant: PPC1
Cost Component View: Shows material/labor/overhead split
2. Mark & Release (CK24)
![CK24 Screen]
Select Material → Mark → Release
Case Study 4: Month-End Closing (OB52 → F.13 → FBL1N)
1. Period Lock (OB52)
![OB52 Screen]
Company Code: 1000
Set Jan-2025 to "Open"
2. AP/AR Reconciliation (FBL1N/FBL5N)
![FBL1N Screen]
Vendor: [ID] → Display Open Items
