GEOGRAPHY
AND
THE WORLD
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Development of Classical Civilizations
• Prehistory
Paleolithic (or Old Stone Age),
Mesolithic (or Middle Stone Age)
Neolithic (or New Stone Age)
• History
Bronze Age
Iron Age
Middle Ages
Modern History
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Source: Google
Map of Asia
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Source: Google
Jericho
Jericho is located in the Jordan Valley, with the Jordan River
to the east and Jerusalem to the west in modern Palestine.
At an elevation of 864 feet below sea level, Jericho is not
only the oldest city on Earth but also the lowest one.
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Source: Google
Early Civilizations (or) Sumerians
• Sumer was an ancient civilization founded in the Mesopotamia
region of the Fertile Crescent situated between the Tigris and
Euphrates rivers.
• Known for their innovations in language, governance,
architecture and more,
• Sumerians are considered the creators of civilization as
modern humans understand it.
• Some of the major Mesopotamian civilizations include
the Sumerian, Assyrian, Akkadian, and
Babylonian civilizations.
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Source: Google
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An eye for an eye
Code of Hammurabi was written on a huge stone in a public
place so all Babylonians could know and follow the law.
Author(s): King Hammurabi of Babylon.
Created: c. 1792–1750 BC (middle chronology)
Location: Sippar, Mesopotamia
Source: Google 7
Phoenician Alphabet
Phoenician was the first written language, developed in
what is today called Lebanon.
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Source: Google
Hebrew Alphabet
Hebrew is the oldest surviving alphabetic written language
still in use today, developed in what is now called Israel,
which is south of Lebanon.
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Source: Google
Egyptian hieroglyphics
Egyptian hieroglyphs were the formal writing system used in
Ancient Egypt, used for writing the Egyptian language.
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Culture
• Culture, the set of beliefs and social practices shared by a
group of people, is one factor that helps to define
regions, nations, and states.
• Cultural diffusion or exchange occurs between groups of
people as they spread their products or ideas to one
another.
• This phenomenon has increased greatly in the past few
decades as globalizing forces, including the Internet, have
taken hold in all regions of the world.
• Assimilation occurs when a minority group, or
individuals, adopts the customs and ideas of the
dominant culture.
• Assimilation is an issue of considerable debate as
populations have become more mobile and immigration
across national borders has escalated during the current
era of globalization.
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Human Migration
• Human migration has been a constant throughout
history.
• People migrate for a wide range of reasons including
the need for food and livelihood, greater economic
opportunity, and freedom from oppression.
• Few regions of the world today are not the products of
wide-ranging human migration and cultural exchanges
that result from migration.
Migration in the Modern Era
• Human migration continues today and is aided by
modern technology.
• Immigrants from all over the world have been moving to
the Americas, especially to the United States.
• People from Africa and the Middle East have been
immigrating to Europe.
• The benefits and costs of immigration are a topic of
debate around the world.
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THE END
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