CHAPTER 8
Statistics
8-1. Mean, Median, Mode, and Range
The mean of a data set is the sum of the values in the data set divided by the number of values in the data set.
The mean is also called the arithmetic mean.
sum of the values x1 x2 xn xi
Mean
number of values n n
The sum of the values mean number of values .
{sum of the values of group 1} {sum of the values of group 2}
Weighted average of two groups
total number of values
The median of a set of data is the middle number when the data are arranged in order. If there are two
middle numbers, the median is the mean of the two numbers. In the set of data {3, 7,8,10,14} , the median
7 10
is 8 and in the set of data {3, 7,10,14} , the median is , or 8.5.
2
The mode of a set of data is the number that appears most frequently. Some set of data have more than
one mode, and others have no mode. In the set of data {3, 7,8,10,14} , there is no mode since each number
appears only once. In the set of data {3, 7, 7,10,14,19,19, 25} , the modes are 7 and 19, since both numbers
appear twice.
The range in a set of data is the difference between the greatest value and the least value of the data.
Example 1 Find the mean, median, mode, and range of the data set
{132, 149, 152, 164, 164, 175} .
sum of the values 132 149 152 164 164 175 936
Solution Mean 156
number of values 6 6
152 164
Median 158
2
Mode 164
Range 175 132 43
Example 2 In a geometry class of 15 boys and 12 girls, the average (arithmetic mean) test score
of the class was 81. If the average score of the 15 boys was 83, what was the average
score of the 12 girls?
Solution Let x the average score of 12 girls.
(83 15) ( x 12)
81 Weighted average formula
15 12
1245 12 x
81 Simplify.
27
81 27 1245 12x Multiply each side by 27.
2187 1245 12x Subtract 1245 from each side.
942 12x Simplify.
x 78.5 Divide each side by 12.
The average score of 12 girls is 78.5.
122 Chapter 8
Exercise - Mean, Median, Mode, and Range
1 4
The average (arithmetic mean) of a set of n
Test Scores 67 75 87 91 numbers is 19. If the average of the 6 greatest
numbers in the set is 29 and the average of the
Number of Students 1 3 2 2 remaining numbers is 7, what is the value of n ?
A) 9
The test scores of 8 students are shown in the
table above. Let m be the mean of the scores B) 10
and M be the median of the score. What is the C) 11
value of M m ?
D) 12
A) 6
B) 0
5
C) 3
D) 6 The average (arithmetic mean) of m , n , and 1
is 0. What is the value of m n ?
2
The average (arithmetic mean) of five numbers
n, n 3, 2n 1, 3n 4 , and 5n 10 is 8. Which
of the following is true?
6
A) median 5 , range 18
The average (arithmetic mean) test score for all
B) median 5 , range 25 the students in a class is 84. The average score
of m boys in the class was 79, while that of
C) median 7 , range 18 n girls was 87. What is the ratio of m to n ?
D) median 7 , range 25
3
The average (arithmetic mean) of two numbers is 7
1 A student has an average (arithmetic mean) score
x 1 . If one of the numbers is x , what is the
2 of 86 points for 4 tests. What total score does this
other number? student need in the next two tests in order to have
an average of 90 for all 6 tests?
A) x 2
B) x 2
C) 2
D) 2
