Testing of
Transformers
Q1 Two similar 250 kVA, single phase transformers gave the following results when
tested by back to back method: Mains wattmeter W1 = 5kW, Primary series
circuit wattmeter W2 = 7.5kW, (at full load current). The individual transformer
efficiency at 75% full load and 0.8 p.f. load will be nearly
(a) 97%
(b) 95%
(c) 93%
(d) 90%
Q2 A 20 kVA, 2500/250V, 50 Hz, 1-𝜑 transformer gave the following test result.
OC test (on LV side): 250 V, 1.4 A, 105 watts
SC test (on HV side): 104 V, 8 A, 320 watts
The p.f. of transformer, if the transformer is operating at maximum regulation is
(a) 0.384 lag
(b) 0.923 lag
(c) 0.834 lag
(d) 0.463 lag
Q3 A short circuit test, when performed on HV side of a 10 kVA, 2000/400V, single-
phase transformer gave the following data: 60 V, 4A, 100 watts. If the LV side is
delivering full load current at 0.8 p.f lag at 400 V, the voltage to be applied on
HV side is
(a) 2075.4 V
(b) 2065.8 V
(c) 2119.6 V
(d) 1955.2 V
Q4 Calculate the values of R0,X0 Rt and Xt and in the diagrams for the equivalent
circuit of a 1-phase, 4 kVA 200/400 V, 50 Hz transformer of which the following
are the test results.
Open-circuit: 200 V, 0.7 A, 70 W on low-voltage
Primary side. Short-circuit: 15 V, 10 A, 80 W in high voltage (secondary) side
Q5 A 4 kVA, 200/400 V, 50 Hz, single phase transformer gave the following test
figures:
No-load: Low-voltage data, 200 V, 0.7 A 60 W.
Short-circuit: High voltage data 9V, 6A, 21.6 W.
Calculate:
(a) The magnetizing current and the component corresponding to iron loss at
normal voltage and frequency,
(b) The secondary terminal voltage on full-load at power factors of unity, 0.8
lagging and 0.8 loading.
Q6 A 5kVA 1000/200V, 50Hz, single phase transformer gives the following test
result
OC test (LV side): 200V, 1.2A, 90W
SC test (HV side): 50V, 5A, 110W
Calculate parameter of approximate equivalent circuit referred to LV side
Q7 A 100kVA, 10,000 500 V, ∆-Y distribution transformer gave following test results
OC test -500V, 10A, 1.6 kW. SC test 400V, rated current, 2kW. Calculate
equivalent circuit parameters referred to HV side & efficiency at half full load of
unity pf.
Q8 Two transformers of 20 kVA each with turns-ratios respectively of 250 : 1000
and 250 : 1025 are connected in back-to-back test; the two primaries being fed
from a 250 V supply and secondaries being connected in phase opposition. A
booster transformer connected on primary side to the same 250 V supply is
used to inject voltage in the circuit of secondaries such as to circulate a current
of 20 A. The core losses of each transformer are 350 W and each transformer
has a reactance 2.5 time its resistance. Calculate the possible readings of the
wattmeter connected to measure the input to the primaries.
Q9 A 20kVA, 2000/200 V, 1-phase transformer has name-plate leakage impedance of 8%. Voltage
required to be applied on the high-voltage side to circulate full-load current with the low-voltage
winding short-circuited will be
(a) 16 V
(b) 56.56V
(c) 160V
(d) 568.68V
Q1
0 A1 kVa, 200/100V, 50Hz, single-phase transformer gave the following test results on
50Hz:
OC(LV side) : 100 V, 20 watts
SC (HV side) : 5 A, 25 watts
It is assumed that no-load loss components are equally divided. The above test were then
conducted on the same transformer at 40 Hz.
OC(LV side) : 100 V, 20 watts
SC (HV side) : 5 A, 25 watts
(a) W1 = 16 watts, W2 = 25 watts
(b) W1 = 25 watts, W2 = 31.25 watts
(c) W1 = 20 watts, W2 = 20 watts
(d) W1 = 14.4 watts, W2 = 25 watts
Q1
1 Match List-I (Test) with List-II (Quantiles) and select the correct answer using the code
given below the lists:
List-I List-II
A. O C Test 1. Copper loss and iron loss
B. S C Test 2. Total losses
C. Sumpner’s test 3. Iron loss
D. Load Test 4. Copper loss
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 3 4 1 2
(b) 2 1 4 3
(c) 3 1 4 2
(d) 2 4 1 3
Q1
2 Consider the following tests:
1. Load test 2. Short circuit test
3. OC test 4. Retardation test
Which of the above test are to be conducted for the determination of voltage
regulation of a transformer?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 3 and 4
Q1
3 At which condition of the transformer the equivalent circuit will be as shown in the below figure?
(a) Under short circuit
(b) Under open circuit
(c) Under no load
(d) Under rated load
Q1
A 10 kV, 2500/250 single phase transformer has the following results:
4 O.C. Test 250 Volts 0.8 amp. 50W
S.C. Test 60 volts 3 amp. 45W
Then efficiency at half full load at 0.8 power factor will be
(a) 98.49%
(b) 97.68%
(c) 98.28%
(d) 96.85%
Q1
5 Assertion (A): In a transformer open circuit (OC) test is conducted form low voltage
side and short circuit (SC) test conducted froth high voltage side.
Reason (R): OC test gives iron loss and SC test gives copper loss
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true and R is NOT the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true.
