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Microprogrammed Control Unit OnePage

A microprogrammed control unit utilizes microinstructions stored in control memory to generate control signals for executing machine-level instructions, offering flexibility and ease of modification compared to hardwired units. Key components include Control Memory, Control Address Register, Control Data Register, a Microinstruction Decoder, and a Sequencer. While slower and requiring more memory, these units are advantageous for their simplified design and are commonly used in CISC processors and systems needing flexible instruction control.

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5 views2 pages

Microprogrammed Control Unit OnePage

A microprogrammed control unit utilizes microinstructions stored in control memory to generate control signals for executing machine-level instructions, offering flexibility and ease of modification compared to hardwired units. Key components include Control Memory, Control Address Register, Control Data Register, a Microinstruction Decoder, and a Sequencer. While slower and requiring more memory, these units are advantageous for their simplified design and are commonly used in CISC processors and systems needing flexible instruction control.

Uploaded by

arysha mysara
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Microprogrammed Control Unit

Microprogrammed Control Unit

A microprogrammed control unit uses microinstructions stored in control memory to generate control signals

for executing machine-level instructions. Unlike hardwired control units, which use fixed logic circuits,

microprogrammed units are flexible and easier to modify.

Components:

- Control Memory (CM): Stores microinstructions.

- Control Address Register (CAR): Points to the current microinstruction.

- Control Data Register (CDR): Holds the fetched microinstruction.

- Microinstruction Decoder: Generates control signals.

- Sequencer: Determines the next microinstruction address.

Working:

1. Instruction is loaded.

2. Starting microinstruction address goes to CAR.

3. Microinstruction is fetched into CDR.

4. Control signals are generated.

5. Sequencer updates CAR for the next step.

Types:

- Horizontal Microinstructions: Direct control signals, fast but wide memory.

- Vertical Microinstructions: Encoded signals, compact but slower.

Advantages:

- Flexible, easy to update or extend.

- Simplified design.

- Easier maintenance.

Disadvantages:

- Slower than hardwired control.


- More memory required.

Applications:

Used in CISC processors, emulators, and systems needing flexible instruction control.

Conclusion:

Though slower, microprogrammed control units offer a modular, upgradable approach to processor control,

making them ideal for complex or evolving systems.

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