Slide 1: Introduction
Explanation: William James, a pioneering psychologist, proposed that the "material self"
encompasses everything a person considers their own. This includes not only tangible items like
clothes, money, and family but also extends to one's physical body, which he believed was at the
core of the material self. According to James, people derive a sense of identity and self-worth
from their possessions and connections, with items like clothing reflecting self-expression and
social status.
Example: Think about your smartphone—something you probably use every day and feel
attached to. The apps, photos, and settings make it uniquely yours, showing how we develop a
connection with things we consider "ours."
Slide 2: The Aspect of Material Self
Explanation: The material self is heavily influenced by society and media. This aspect of self is
built through exposure to media, which defines and advertises what people should own or value.
Media platforms like social media, TV, radio, and printed materials shape our understanding of
what belongings are considered important, desirable, or necessary for our self-image.
Example: Social media influencers often post about "must-have" items, like trending clothes or
gadgets. Seeing this in our feeds can influence us to think these items are essential to our own
identity, like having the latest iPhone or a specific style of shoes to feel "in."
Slide 3: The Components of the Material Self (Body, Family, Clothes, Home)
Explanation: These components are the building blocks of the material self:
o Body: The most integral part of the material self. People invest greatly in their physical
appearance as it forms the most immediate and personal aspect of their identity.
o Clothes: Clothes represent more than just covering—they help express personality and
social standing. Herman Lotze noted that when people wear clothes, they extend their
sense of self to these garments.
o Family: Family influences one’s identity from birth, shaping values, morals, and a sense
of belonging. It provides the foundation for self-esteem, purpose, and identity.
o Home: A home is more than a shelter; it is a sanctuary where people feel safe and free
to express themselves. It holds memories and experiences that shape who they are.
Body: Consider skincare routines. Many of us invest time and money in products like moisturizers or
sunscreen because we want to look and feel good.
Clothes: Wearing a school uniform, for example, is more than a requirement; it’s a symbol of
belonging to a certain school and creates a sense of identity.
Family: Think of your last family gathering—family traditions like these create memories and values
that make us feel closer and more connected.
Home: Imagine your bedroom. It’s where you display things that matter to you, like posters or
awards. It reflects who you are and makes you feel comfortable.
Slide 4: The Body (The Core of Material Self)
Explanation: Our bodies form the core of our material self. They are unique to each person and
essential to self-recognition and individuality. Maintaining the body through grooming and care
reflects self-respect and affects our interactions with others, influencing confidence and social
relationships.
Example: A lot of people feel more confident after a fresh haircut. It’s a simple change, but it can
make us feel better and more comfortable in our own skin, showing the body’s impact on self-
image.
Slide 5: Clothing (Second Most Essential Part of Material Self)
Explanation: Clothing is the most visible part of the material self beyond the body. It influences
how others perceive us and affects our self-image. Through clothing, individuals can
communicate aspects of their culture, profession, and even personal beliefs. Clothing choice also
affects self-perception, with style and fabric impacting mood and behavior. When people feel
stylish, it can boost self-confidence and influence how they present themselves socially.
Example: Wearing new or stylish clothes on a special occasion, like a school event or a friend's
birthday, can make us feel more confident and expressive. It’s a way of showing who we are or
how we want to be seen.
Slide 6: Family (Third Essential Part of Material Self)
Explanation: Family serves as the first and most influential environment shaping an individual’s
material self. From infancy, family members provide support, guidance, and values, creating a
foundation for identity. The family teaches cultural traditions, moral values, and social roles, and
offers love and security, fostering a sense of purpose and belonging.
Example: If your family supports your hobbies—like coming to your dance performances or
sports events—that encouragement shapes your sense of pride and self-worth.
Slide 7: Home (Fourth Essential Part of Material Self)
Explanation: The home represents a physical and emotional safe haven, a place where people
can truly be themselves. A person’s home often reflects their personality, values, and lifestyle,
making it a core part of their identity. It's where individuals form memories and relationships
that contribute to their sense of self and overall security. The home, thus, becomes an extension
of the self and a symbol of stability.
Example: Think of your home as where you relax after a long day. It’s comforting to have a space
that feels like “yours,” filled with things that make you happy, like your favorite snacks or a cozy
blanket. It’s where you recharge and feel secure.
