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MPI Implementations Have A Default

MPI implementations utilize a cutoff message size for communication, where messages below the cutoff are buffered and those above block the sending process. Point-to-point communication involves one sender and one receiver, while collective communication encompasses all processes in a group, often using tree-structured methods for operations like global summation. The document outlines the requirements for message handling and the structure of communication in MPI, emphasizing the importance of message order and matching sends and receives.

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12 views3 pages

MPI Implementations Have A Default

MPI implementations utilize a cutoff message size for communication, where messages below the cutoff are buffered and those above block the sending process. Point-to-point communication involves one sender and one receiver, while collective communication encompasses all processes in a group, often using tree-structured methods for operations like global summation. The document outlines the requirements for message handling and the structure of communication in MPI, emphasizing the importance of message order and matching sends and receives.

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Vidhyaa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MPI implementations have a default ―cutoff message size.

If the size of a
message is

less than the cutoff, it will be buffered. If the size of the message is
greater than the

cutoff, MPI Send will block.

MPI Recv always blocks until a matching message has been received.
Thus, when a call

to MPI Recv returns, we know that there is a message stored in the receive
buffer. There

is an alternate method for receiving a message, in which the system


checks whether a

matching message is available and returns, regardless of whether there is


one.

MPI requires that messages be nonovertaking. This means that if process


q sends two

messages to process r, then the first message sent by q must be available


to r before the

second message.

4.3 Point To Point And Collective Communication

4.3.1 Point to Point Communication

▪ Communications which involve one sender and one receiver

▪ Messages are sent between two processes

▪ Example:

o MPI_Send

o MPI_RECV

▪ Sends and Receives in a program should match

▪ Each message contains

The actual data that is to be sent

▪ The datatype of each element

▪ The number of elements the data consists

CS8083 MCP Notes UNIT IV

11 B.Shanmuga Sundari, AP/CSE


▪ An identification number for the message (tag)

▪ The ranks of the source and destination process

4.3.2 Collective Communication

Involve communication among all processes in a process group. Consider


the situation to

find global sum. Each process with rank greater than 0 is “telling process
0 what to do”

and then quitting. That is, each process with rank greater than 0 is, in
effect, saying “add

this number into the total.”

Process 0 is doing nearly all the work in computing the global sum, while
the other

processes are doing almost nothing.

Tree-structured communication

We might use a “binary tree structure” like that illustrated in Figure below:
In this

diagram, initially processes 1, 3, 5, and 7 send their values to processes 0,


2, 4, and 6,

respectively. Then processes 0, 2, 4, and 6 add the received values to


their original

values, and the process is repeated twice:

1. In the first phase:

Process 1 sends to 0, 3 sends to 2, 5 sends to 4, 7 sends to 6

Process 0, 2, 4 and 6 add in the received values

Processes 2 and 6 send their new values to process 0 and 4, respectively

Processes 0 and 4 add the received values into their new values.

2. In the second phase:

Process 4 sends its newest value to process 0.

Process 0 adds the received value to its newest value

To construct a tree structured global sum that uses different ‘process


pairings’, the pair
might be 0 and 4, 1 and 5, 2 and 6, 3 and 7 in the first phase. Then the
pair could be 0 and

2, 1 and 3 in the second, and 0 and 1 in final.

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