10th Class Math Notes Chapter 1
10th Class Math Notes Chapter 1
7 x 2 3x 7 0
(iii)
7𝑥 2 3𝑥 + 7 = 0
MATH x
x 1
x 1
x
6
x x 1
Solution : 6
x 1 x
x 2 ( x 1) 2
6
CHAPTER 1 x( x 1)
x 2 x 2 1 2 x 6 x( x 1)
2 x2 2 x 1 6 x2 6 x
0 6x2 6x 2x2 2x 1
0 4 x2 4 x 1
SOLUTION 4 x2 4 x 1 0
The standard form of Quadratic equation is
4𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 1 = 0
NOTES iv)
x4 x2
4 0
x2 x
k x4 x2
s.p
Solution : 4 0
Exercise 1.1 x2 x
( x 4) x ( x 2) 2 4 x( x 2)
te
0
( x 2)( x)
no
Question No 1:
Write the following quadratic equations in the ( x 4) x ( x) 2 (2) 2 2( x)(2) 4 x 2 8 x 0( x 2)( x)
sy
4x2 4 0
4( x 2 1) 0
x 7 x 3 7
x2 1 0
Solution : x 7 x 3 7
So, x 2 1 0 is pure Quadratic equation
x 3x 7 x 21 7
2
x 3 x 5
(v) 1
x 2 4 x 21 7 0 x4 x
x 2 4 x 14 0 x 3 x 5
Solution : 1
The standard form of Quadratic equation is: x4 x
𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 14 = 0 x( x 3) ( x 4)( x 5)
1
(ii) x( x 4)
x2 4 x x 2 3x ( x 2 5 x 4 x 20) 1x( x 4)
1
3 7
x 2 3x ( x 2 1x 20) x 2 4 x
x2 4 x
Solution : 1 x 2 3x x 2 1x 20 x 2 4 x
3 7
3x 1x 20 x 2 4 x
7( x 4) 3 x
2
1 4 x 20 x 2 4 x
21
7 x2 28 3x 21 x 2 4 x 4 x 20 0
7 x2 3x 28 21 0 𝑥 2 − 20 = 0
𝑥 2 − 20 = 0 𝑖𝑠 𝑝𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛.
1|Page
Class 10th Chapter 1
(vi) 17 x 2 x 2
x 1 x 2 25 2
x x 2
x 2 x 3 12 17
x 1 x 2 25 2
Solution : Solution set is 2,
x 2 x 3 12 17
( x 1)( x 3) ( x 2)( x 2) 25
( x 2)( x 3) 12 (iv) x 2 11x 152
( x 3 x 1x 3) ( x 2 2 x 2 x 4) 25 Solution : x 2 11x 152
x 2 3x 2 x 6 12 x 2 19 x 8 x 152 0
( x 4 x 3) ( x 4 x 4) 25
2 2
x( x 19) 8( x 19) 0
x 2 3x 2 x 6 12
x 19 0 x 8 0
2 x 8 x 7 25
2
x 19 x 8
x 2 5 x 6 12
12(2 x 2 8 x 7) 25( x 2 5 x 6) Solution set is 19, 8
x 1 x 25
24 x 2 96 x 84 25 x 2 125 x 150 (v )
x x 1 12
25 x 2 24 x 2 125 x 96 x 150 84 0
x 1 x 25
x 2 29 x 66 0 Solution :
x x 1 12
The standard form of Quadratic equation is:
( x 1) x
2 2
25
𝑥 2 + 29𝑥 + 66 = 0
x( x 1) 12
Question no. 2 Solve by factorization
(i ) x 2 x 20 0 k
s.p
x 2 1 2 x x 2 25
x 2 5 x 4 x 20 0
x2 x 12
x( x 5) 4( x 5) 0
te
x 5 0 , x40 24 x 2 24 x 12 25 x 2 25 x
x5 , x 4
sy
0 25 x 2 25 x 24 x 2 24 x 12
Solution set is {4,5}
0 x 2 x 12
ea
(ii) 3 y y ( y 5)
2
x 2 4 x 3x 12 0
Solution : 3 y y 5 y
2 2
x( x 4) 3( x 4) 0
3y2 y2 5 y 0
( x 4)( x 3) 0
2 y2 5 y 0 x 4 0 x 3 0
y (2 y 5) 0 x 4 x3
y 0 2y 5 0
Solution set is 3, 4
y0 2 y 5
2 1 1
5 (vi )
y0 y x 9 x 3 x 4
2 2 1 1
5 Solution :
Solution set is 0, x9 x3 x4
2 2 ( x 4) ( x 3)
(iii ) 4 32 x 17 x 2 x9 ( x 4)( x 3)
Solution :4 32 x 17 x 2 2 x4 x3
2
17 x 2 32 x 4 0 x 9 x 4 x 3 x 12
2 1
17 x 2 34 x 2 x 4 0 2
17 x( x 2) 2( x 2) 0 x 9 x 7 x 12
(17 x 2)( x 2) 0 2( x 2 7 x 12) 1( x 9)
17 x 2 0 x 2 0 2 x 2 14 x 24 x 9
2|Page
Class 10th Chapter 1
2 x 2 14 x x 24 9 0
2 x 2 13 x 15 0 (ii ) ax 2 4 x a 0
2 x 2 10 x 3 x 15 0 Solution : ax 2 4 x a 0
2 x( x 5) 3( x 5) 0
Dividing each term by a
( x 5)(2 x 3) 0
x 5 0 2x 3 0 ax 2 4 x a
0
x5 x
3 a a a
2 4x 4 1 2
3 x2 1 0 H int
Solution set is 5, a a 2 a
2
Question no 3: Solve the following equations by using 2
x 2 x 1
2
completing square
(i) 7 x 2 2 x 1 0 a
2
Solution : 7 x 2 2 x 1 0 2
Dividing each term by 7 Ading on both sides
7 2 2 1 0
a
x x 2 2
x 2 x 1
7 7 7 7 2 2 2 2
2 1 2 1 1
x2 x 0 H int a a a
7 7 7 2 7
x
2 1 1
2 x k2
2
4
x 1 2
s.p
7 7
2 a a
1
te
2 2
x 2 x
2 1 1 1 1 a a2
7 7 7 7
Taking square root on both sides
sy
2
1 1 1
x
a2 4
2
7 7 49
2
ea
1 7 1
2
x
x a a2
7 49
1 8
2
2 a2 4
x
7 49 x
a a2
Taking square root on both sides
2 a2 4
x
2
1 8
x a a2
7 49
4 2 2 a 2 4
2
1
x
7 49 x
a2
1 2 2
x
7
7
2 a 2 4
S .S
x
1 2 2
a2
7 7
1 2 2 (iii )11x 2 34 x 5 0
x
7 Solution :11x 2 34 x 5 0
1 2 2
Dividing each term by 11
S .S
7
3|Page
Class 10th Chapter 1
2
11 2 34 3 m n m2
x x 0 x 2
11 11 11 2l l 4l
34 3 34 1 17
x2 x H int
11 2 11 4 ln m 2
2
11 11 m
x
17 3 2l 4l 2
x 2 x
2
x 2 x
2 17 17 3 17 m m 2 4l n
11 11 11 11 x
2l 2l
2
17 3 289 m 2 4l n
x
m
x
11 11 121 2l 2l
33 289
2
17 m m 2 4l n
x x
11 121 2l
m m 2 4l n
2
17 256
x S .S
11 121
2l
Taking square root on both sides
(v ) 3 x 7 x 0
2
2
17
x
256
k
Solution :3 x 2 7 x 0
s.p
11 121 Dividing each term by 3
17 16 3x 2 7 7 1 7
x x 0 H int
te
11 11 3 3 3 2 6
17 16
x
x 2 x 0
no
2 7
11 11
6
11 16
x
sy
2
11 7
Adding on both sides
17 16 17 16 6
ea
x x 2 2
x 2 x
11 11 2 7 7 7
x
1
x
33 6 6 6
11 11 7
2
49
1 x
x x3 6 36
11
Taking square root on both sides
1
S .S 3, 2
11 7 49
x
(iv) lx2 mx n 0 6 36
Solution : lx2 mx n 0 7 7
x
Dividing each term by l 6 6
lx 2 mx n 7 7
x
l l l 6 6
m n m 1 m 7 7
x2 x x
i l i 2 2l 6
7 7 7 7
x x
2
m
Adding on both sides 6 6
2l
2 2
x 2 x
2 m m n m
2l 2l l 2l
4|Page
Class 10th Chapter 1
14 0
2
7 169
x x
6 6 x
4 16
7
x x0 Taking square root on both sides
3
7
S .S , 0
2
7
3
169
(vi ) x 2 x 195 0 x
2
4 16
Solution : x 2 2 x 195 0
1 x
7
13
x 2 2 x 195 2 1
2 4 14
7 13
x
x 2 x 1 195
2
4 14
7 13
Adding 1 on both sides
2 x
4
7 13 7 13
x x
x 2 x 1 1 195 1
2 2 2
4 4
x 1 195 1
2 20 6
x x
4 4
x 1 196
2
3
x 5 x
Taking square root on both sides 2
3
x 1
k
S .S 5,
s.p
2
196 2
33
x 1 14 (viii ) x 2 17 x 0
4
te
x 1 14
33
x 1 14 x 1 14 Solution : x 2 17 x 0
no
4
x 13 x 15 33
x 2 17 x
sy
S .S 13,15 4
x 2 x
17 33
ea
15 7 2
(vii ) x 2 x
2 2 2 4
15 7 17
2
Solution : x 2 x Adding on both sides
2 2 2
15 7
x2 x 2 2
x 2 x
2 17 17 33 17
2 2
7 15 7 1 7 2 2 4 2
x2 x 2
2 2 2 2 4 17 33 289
x
7
2 2 4 4
Adding on both sides
33 289
2
4 17
x
2 2 2 4
x 2 x
2 7 7 15 7
2
4 4 2 4 17 256
x
7 15 49
2 2 4
x Taking square root on both sides
4 2 16
2
7 120 49
2 17 256
x
x 2 4
4 16
5|Page
Class 10th Chapter 1
( x) 7 x 2a 3a 2 5a 7 x 23a
2
17 16
x
2 2
Solution : 7 x 2a 3a 2 5a 7 x 23a
2
17 16
x
2 2 7 x 2 4a 2 4ax 3a 2 35ax 115a 2
17 16
x 7 x 2 28a 2 28ax 3a 2 35ax 115a 2 0
2
17 16 17 16
x x 7 x 2 35a 28ax 28a 2 3a 2 115a 2 0
2 2
33 1 7 x 2 7ax 84a 2 0
x x
2 2 Dividing each term by 7
33 1
S .S ,x 7 x 2 7ax 84a 2
2 2
7 7 7
8 3x 2 5 1 a
(ix) 4 x 2 ax 12a 2 H int a
3x 1 3x 1 2 2
3x 2 5
2
Solution : 4
8
a
Adding on both sides
3x 1 3x 1 2
8 3x 2 5 2 2
4 x 2 x 12a 2
2 a a a
3x 1 3x 1 2 2 2
3x 2 5 8
4
2
a a2
3x 1 x 12 a 2
4 3 x 1 3 x 2 5 8
k2 4
s.p
48a 2 a 2
2
a
12 x 4 3 x 13 2
x
2 4
3 x 2 13 12 x 4 0
te
2
a 49a 2
3 x 12 x 9 0
2
x
no
2 4
Dividing each term by 3 Taking square on both sides
sy
3 2 12 9 0
x x a
2
49a 2
3 3 3 3 x
2
ea
4
x 4x 3 0
2
x 2 4 x 3
a 7a
x
2
2 x 2 3 x
2 2
Adding 2 on both sides
2
a 7a
x 2 x 2 2 3 2
2 2 2 x
2 2
x 2 3 4 a 7a a 7a
2
x x
x 2 1 2 2
2
8a 6a
Taking square root on both sides x x
2 2
x 2 1 x 4a x 3a
2
x 2 1
x 2 1 x 2 1
x 2 1 x 2 1
x3 x 1
S .S 3,1
6|Page
Class 10th Chapter 1
Uses of Quadratic formula: Question NO.3
−𝑏 ± √𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐 3x 2 x 4 3
𝑥=
2𝑎
3x 2 x 4 3
Exercise 1.2 3 x 2 1x 4 3 0
Question No.1 ax 2 bx c 0
2 x2 7 x
a 3 b 1 c 4 3
2 x2 7 x
b b 2 4ac
1x 7 x 2
2 x
2a
ax 2 bx c 0
1 (1) 2 4( 3)(4 3)
a 1 b 7 c 2 x
2 3
b b 4ac
2
x 1 1 16( 3 ) 2
2a x
2 3
(7) (7) 4(1)( 2)
2
x 1 1 16(3)
2(1) x
2 3
7 49 8
x 1 1 48
2 x
2 3
7 57
x 1 49
2 x k
s.p
7 57 2 3
solution set is 1 7
2 x
te
2 3
Question No.2
1 7 1 7
5x2 8x 1 0 x x
no
,
2 3 2 3
5x2 8x 1 0
6 8
sy
ax 2 bx c 0 x , x
2 3 2 3
a 5 b 8 c 1
ea
3 4
x , x
b b 2 4ac 3 3
x
2a 3 3 4
x , x
8 (8) 4(5)(1)
2
3 3
x
2(5) 4
x 3 , x
8 64 20 3
x 4
10 solution set{ 3 , }
8 44 3
x Question No.4
10
8 4 11
x 4 x 2 14 3 x
10
4 x 2 14 3 x
8 2 11
x 4 x 2 3 x 14 0
10
2( 4 11) ax 2 bx c 0
x
10 a 4 b 3 c 14
4 11 b b 2 4ac
x x
5
2a
4 11
5
7|Page
Class 10th Chapter 1
(3) (3) 2 4(4)(14) 8 2 10
x x
2(4) 6
3 9 224 2(4 10)
x x
8 6
3 9 224 4 10
x
3
8
4 10
Question No.5
6 x2 3 7 x 0
3
6 x2 3 7 x 0
Question No.7
3 4
6 x2 7 x 3 0 1
x6 x5
ax 2 bx c 0 3 4
1
a 7 b 7 c 3 x6 x5
3( x 5) 4( x 6)
b b 2 4ac 1
x ( x 6)( x 5)
2a
7 49 72 3( x 5) 4( x 6) ( x 6)( x 5)
x
12 3 x 15 4 x 24 x 2 5 x 6 x 30
7 121 1x 9 x 2 11x 30
x
12
k
x 2 11x 1x 30 9 0
s.p
7 11 1x 2 10 x 21 0
x
12
ax 2 bx c 0
7 11 7 11
te
x x a 1 b 10 c 21
12 12
no
4 18 b b 2 4ac
x x x
12 12 2a
sy
3 2 2(1)
1 3
, 10 100 84
3 2 x
2
Question No.6
10 16
3x 2 8 x 2 0 x
2
3x 2 8 x 2 0 10 4
x
ax 2 bx c 0 2
a 3 b8 c2 (5 2)
x2
2
b b 2 4ac
x x 5 2 x 52
2a
x7 x3
8 (8) 2 4(3)(2)
x
2(3)
3, 7
Question No.8
8 64 24
x x2 4 x 1
6 2
x 1 2x 3
8 40 x2 4 x 1
x 2
6 x 1 2x 3
8 4 10 ( x 2)2 x (4 x)( x 1) 7
x
6 ( x 1)(2 x) 3
8|Page
Class 10th Chapter 1
(2 x 2 4 x) (4 x 4 x 2 x) 7 2 x 2 2ax ax 2bx bx 2ab a 2 b 2 0
2x2 2 x 3 2 x 2 3ax 3bx 2ab a 2 b 2 0
2x 4x 5x 4 x
2 2
7 2 x 2 (3a 3b) x (a 2 b 2 2ab) 0
2x 2x
2
3 2 x 2 (3a 3b) x (a b) 2 0
3x x 4 7
2
ax 2 bx c 0
2x2 2x 3
a2 b (3a 3b) c ( a b) 2
3(3 x x 4) 7(2 x 2 2 x)
2
b b 2 4ac
9 x 2 3 x 12 14 x 2 14 x x
2a
14 x 2 9 x 2 14 x 3 x 12 0
(3a 3b) (3a 3b) 4(2)(a b) 2
2
5 x 11x 12 0
2
x
2(2)
ax 2 bx c 0
(3a 3b) 3(a b) 8(a b) 2
2
a 5 b 11 c 12
x
b b 4ac
2 4
x
2a 3(a b) (3) 2 (a b) 2 8(a b) 2
x
(11) (11) 2 4(5)(12) 4
x
2(5) 3(a b) 9(a b) 2 8(a b) 2
x
11 121 240 4
x
3(a b) (a b) 2
11 361
10
x k
s.p
4
x
10 3(a b) (a b)
x
11 19 4
te
x
10 3(a b) (a b) 3(a b) (a b)
x x
no
11 19 11 19 4 4
x x
10 10 2(a b) 4(a b)
x x
sy
8 30 4 4
x x ( a b)
10 10 x x ab
ea
4 2
x x3 1
5 x ( a b) x ab
4 2
3, 1
5 (a b), (a b)
Question No.9 2
a b Question No.10
2 (l m) lx 2 (2l m) x 0
x b x a
Solution: (l m) lx 2 (2l m) x 0
a b
2 (l m) lx 2 (2l m) x 0
x b x a
lx 2 (2l m) x (l m) 0
a ( x a ) b( x b)
2 ax 2 bx c 0
( x b)( x a )
a l b (2l m) c (l m)
ax a 2 bx b 2
2 b b 2 4ac
x 2 ax bx ab x
ax a 2 bx b 2 2( x 2 ax bx ab) 2a
(2l m) (2l m) 4(l )(l m)
2
ax a 2 bx b 2 2 x 2 2ax 2bx 2ab
x
2 x 2 2ax 2bx 2ab ax a 2 bx b 2 0 2(l )
(2l m) ( 1) 2 (2l m) 2 4l (l m)
x
2l
9|Page
Class 10th Chapter 1
(2l m) (1) 2 (2l m) 2 4l (l m)
x
2l
(2l m) (2l ) 2 (m) 2 2(2l )(m) 4l 2 4lm
x
2l
+𝒄
(2l m) 4l 2 m 2 4lm 4l 2 4lm
x
2l
(2l m) m 2 𝟏 𝟏
x
2l
(2l m) m
x
2l
2l m m 2l m m
x x 𝒙
2l 2l
2l 2l 2m
x x
2l 2l
2(l m)
x 1 x
2l
lm
x
l Exercise 1.3
l m
1, k
Question N0.1
s.p
l 2 x 4 11x 2 5 0
Solution : 2 x 4 11x 2 5 0
te
x2 y x2 y 2
2
Let
no
x4 y 2
sy
Put x 2 y and x 4 y 2
2 x 4 11x 2 5 0
ea
2 y 2 11 y 5 0
2 y 2 10 y y 5 0
2 y ( y 5) 1( y 5)
( y 5)(2 y 1)
y 5 0 , 2 y 1 0
y5 , 2y 1
1
y5 , y
2
Put in x2 y
1
x2 5 , x2
2
1
x2 5 x2
2
1
x 5 x
2
1
Solution Set is , 5
2
10 | P a g e
Class 10th Chapter 1
Question no : 2
2 x4 9 x2 4 5 y2 5 y 2 y 2 0
Solution : 2 x 4 9 x 2 4 5 y y 1 2 y 1 0
2 x 4 9 x 2 4 0 ......(1) y 1 5 y 2 0
Let x 2 y ......(2) y 1 0 , 5 y 2 0
Taking square on both sides y 1 , 5 y 2
x 2 2
y2 y 1 , y
2
5
x4 y 2 1
Put y x 4
Put x y and x y in eq(1)
2 4 2
1 1
2 y2 9 y 4 0 2
x4 1 , x4
5
2 y 2 8 y 1y 4 0 4 4
14 14 2
4
2 y y 4 1 y 4 0 x 1 , x
4
y 4 2 y 1 0 5
24
y40 2 y 1 0 x 1 , x 4
5
y4 2y 1
16
1 x
y4 y 625
2
16
Put y x 2 k
So, the solution set is 1,
625
s.p
1
x2 4 x2 Question No.4
2 2 1
te
x 54 15 x
3
3
1
x2 4 x2
no
2 1
2
Solution : x 3 54 15 x .....(1)
3
1
x 2 x 1
sy
Let x y .....................(2)
3
2
1
ea
Taking square
Solution set is 2,
2 3
1 2 2
Question no :3
x y 2
x 3
y 2 in eq (1)
1 1
5x 7 x 2
2 4 2 1
x 54 15 x
3
3
1 1
Solution : 5 x 7 x 2 (1)
2 4
y 2 54 15 y
1
y 2 15 y 54 0
Let x 4 y (2)
Taking square on both sides y 2 9 y 6 y 54 0
2
y( y 9) 6( y 9) 0
14
x y
2
1
x y2
2
1 1
Put x y and x y 2
4 2
1 1
5x 2 7 x 4 2
5 y2 7 y 2
5 y2 7 y 2 0
11 | P a g e
Class 10th Chapter 1
( y 9)( y 6) Question no :6
y 9 0 y 6 0
y 9 y6 2x 2
1
3
2x 1
2
4
1
Put y x 3 Solution :
2x 1
3
1 1
x3 9 x3 6
2
4 (1)
2x 1 2
3
13 3 3
1
Let 2 x 1 y
2
x 9 x (6 )
3
3
x9 3
x 63
y 4
y
x 729 x 216
Multiplying both sides by " y "
So the solution set is 729, 216
y2 3 4 y
Question No.5
2 1
y2 4 y 3 0
3x 5 8 x
2 1
y 2 3 y 1y 3 0
Solution : 3 x 5 8 x ........(1)
y y 3 1 y 3 0
x 1 y x 2 y 2
y 3 y 1 0
Put x 1 y and x 2 y 2 in eq (1)
y 1 0 y 3 0
3y2 5 8 y
y 1 y3
3y2 8 y 5 0
Put y 2 x 2 1
3y 3y 5y 5 0
2
k
2 x2 1 3 2 x2 1 1
s.p
3 y y 1 5 y 1 0
3 y 5 y 1 0 2x2 3 1 2 x2 1 1
te
3y 5 0 y 1 0 2x2 2 2 x2 0
no
3y 5 y 1 2 0
x2 x2
5 2 2
y y 1
sy
3 x 1
2
x 0
2
x2 1 x2 0
5 x 1 x0
x 1 x 1 1
3
S .S 1,1, 0
1 5 1
1 Question no 7
x 3 x
3 x x3
x x 1 4 4
5 x3 x
3 x x 3
S .S ,1 Solution : 4 4
5 x 3 x
12 | P a g e
Class 10th Chapter 1
x x3 1 3 y (2 y 3) 2(2 y 3) 0
Let y
x3 x y (2 y 3)(3 y 2)
Equcaton become 2y 3 0 3y 2 0
1 2y 3 3y 2
y 4 4
y 3 2
y y
Multiplying both side by " y " 2 3
4x 1 3
y2 4 4 y
4x 1 2
y2 4 y 4 0 2(4 x 1) 3(4 x 1)
y2 2 y 2 y 4 0 8 x 2 12 x 3
y ( y 2) 2( y 2) 0 2 3 12 x 8 x
( y 2)( y 2) 5 4x
y20 y 2 5
x
Put the value of y 4
x 4x 1 2
2 x 2( x 3)
x 3 4x 1 3
x 2x 6 6 2x x 3(4 x 1) 2(4 x 1)
x6 12 x 3 8 x 2
S .S 6 12 x 8 x 2 3
Question no 8 k
4 x 5
s.p
4x 1 4x 1 1 5
2 x
4x 1 4x 1 6 4
te
4x 1 4x 1 1 5
Solution : 2 (1) S .S
no
4x 1 4x 1 6 4
4x 1 4x 1 1
y....(2)
sy
4x 1 4x 1 y Question No.9
Equation (1) become xa xa 7
ea
1 1 x a x a 12
y 2
y 6 xa xa 7
Solution :
y
1 13
x a x a 12
y 6 xa xa 1
Multiplying both sides by "6 y " Let y or
xa xa y
6 y 2 6 13 y 1 7
y
6 y 2 13 y 6 0 y 12
6 y2 9 y 4 y 6 0 y2 1 7
y 12
12( y 2 1) 7 y
12 y 2 12 7 y 12 y 2 7 y 12 0
12 y 2 16 y 9 y 12 0
4 y (3 y 4) 3(3 y 4)
13 | P a g e
Class 10th Chapter 1
(3 y 4)(4 y 3) y y 2 0
3y 4 0 4 y 3 0 y0 y2 0
3y 4 4 y 3 y2
4 3 1
y y Put y x from eq.2
3 4 x
xa 4 xa 3 1 1
x 0 x 2
xa 3 xa 4 x x
3( x a ) 4( x a ) x2 1 x 1
2
0 2
3 x 3a 4 x 4a x x
3a 4a 4 x 3 x x2 1 0 x2 1 2 x
7 a x x2 1 x2 2x 1 0
x 7 a
x 2 1 1x 2 2 x 1 0
xa 3
x 1
xa 4
4( x a ) 3( x a ) Solving 1x 2 2 x 1 0 by quadratic formula
a 1 b 2 c 1
4 x 4a 3 x 3a
4 x 3 x 3a 4a b b 2 4ac
x
7 x a 2a
2 2 4a 1 1
2
x
a
x k 2 1
s.p
7
a
S .S 7 a, 2 4 4
7 x
te
2
Question no :10
2 8
no
x 4 2 x3 2 x 2 2 x 1 0 x
2
Solution : 2 4 2
sy
x
x 4 2 x3 2 x 2 2 x 1 0 2
ea
x
2 x 4 x3 6 x 2 x 2 0
1
x2 2 2 y2 2
2 2 2 2 2
x x x x x x x
1
x 2 y2 2 1 2
2x2 x 6 2 0
2
x
x x
Putting values in eq.(1)
2 1
y 2 2 2( y ) 2 0 2x2 2 x 6 0
y2 2 y 0 x x
14 | P a g e
Class 10th Chapter 1
1 1 x2 2 x 1 0
2 x 2 2 x 6 0 ......(1)
x x x2 x x 1 0
1 x( x 1) 1( x 1) 0
Let x y ......(2)
x ( x 1)( x 1) 0
Taking square on both side
x 1 0
2
1 x 1
x y
2
x
1
1 1 S .S 1, 2,
x2 2 2x y 2 2
x x Question no 12.
1
x2 2 2 y 2 4.22 x 1 9.2 x 1 0
x
1 1 Solution : 4.22 x 1 9.2 x 1 0
Put x y andx 2 2 y 2 2 in eq (1)
x x 4.22 x.21 9.2 x 1 0
1 1 8.(2 x ) 2 . 9.2 x 1 0
2 x2 2 x 6 0
x x Let 2 x y (2 x ) 2 y 2
2( y 2 ) y 6 0
2
8 y2 9 y 1 0
2y 4 y 6 0
2
8 y2 8 y y 1 0
2 y 2 y 10 0 8 y ( y 1) 1( y 1) 0
2 y 2 5 y 4 y 10 0 8 y 1 y 1 0
y (2 y 5) 2(2 y 5) 0 k
s.p
8 y 1 0 y 1 0
2y 5 0 y2 0 8y 1 y 1
2 y 5 y2
te
1
y y 1
5 8
no
y y2
2 Put the value of y in above equation
1
2x y 2x 1
sy
Put x y in eq (2)
x
1
2x 2 x 20
ea
1 5
x 8
x 2
1
x 1
2
5 2x 3 2 x 20
2
x 2
2 23
x
x0
2( x 1) 5 x
2
x 3
2 x 2 2 5 x
S .S 3, 0
2 x2 5x 2 0 Question no :13
2x2 4x x 2 0 32 x 2 12.3x 3
2 x( x 2) 1( x 2) 0 Solution : 32 x 2 12.3x 3
( x 2)(2 x 1) 32 x 32 12.(3x ) 3 0
x20 2x 1 0 9(3x ) 2 12.(3x ) 3 0 ......(1)
x 2 2 x 1 Let 3x y
1
x 2 x Put 3x y in eq.(1)
2
1 9 y 2 12 y 3 0
x 2
x 9 y2 9 y 3y 3 0
x2 1
2 9 y y 1 3 y 1 0
x
x2 1 2x y 1 9 y 3 0
15 | P a g e
Class 10th Chapter 1
y 1 0 9y 3 0 x 2
4 x 5 x 2 4 x 21 192 ......(1)
y 1 9y 3
Let x 2 4 x y ......(2)
3
y So, eq.(1) becomes
9
y 5 y 21 192
Put y 3 from eq.(2)
x
2
y 2 64 20 y 0
x
2 1
no
y 2 20 y 64 0
y 2 16 y 4 y 64 0 4 16 116
x
sy
y y 16 4 y 16 0 2
y 16 y 4 0 4 132
ea
x
y 16 0 y4 0 2
y 16 y4 4 4 33
x
2
Put y 2 x from eq.(2)
4 2 33
2 x 16 2x 4 x
2
2 x 24 2 x 22
2(2 33)
x4 x2 x
2
S .S 2, 4 x 2 33
Question No.15
Solve x 2 4 x 3 0 by factorization
Solution :
x2 4 x 3 0
x 1 x 3 x 5 x 7 192
ab cd x 2 3x x 3 0
1 5 3 7 x x 3 1 x 3 0
4 4 x 3 x 1 0
x 1 x 5 x 3 x 7 192 x 3 0 x 1 0
x3 x 1
x 2
5 x 1x 5 x 2 7 x 3 x 21 192
S .S 1,3, 2 33
16 | P a g e
Class 10th Chapter 1
Question No.16
x 1 x 2 x 8 x 5 360 0
Solution :
x 1 x 2 x 8 x 5 360 0
x 1 x 2 x 8 x 5 360 0
x 2 2 x 1x 2 x 2 5 x 8 x 40 360 0
x 2
3x 2 x 2 3x 40 360 0 ......(1)
Let x 2 3x y ......(2)
Put in equation (1) Exercise 1.4
y 2 y 40 360 0 Question no1:
y 2 40 y 2 y 80 360 0 2 x 5 7 x 16
y 2 38 y 280 0 Solution : 2 x 5 7 x 16 .......(1)
y 2 28 y 10 y 280 0 Taking square on both side
y y 28 10 y 28 0 (2 x 5) 2 ( 7 x 16) 2
y 28 y 10 0 (2 x) 2 (5) 2 2(2 x)(5) 7 x 16
y 28 0 y 10 0 4 x 2 25 20 x 7 x 16
y 28 y 10
Put y x 3 x from eq.(2)
k
4 x 2 20 x 7 x 25 16 0
s.p
2
4 x 2 13 x 9 0
x 3 x 28
2
4x2 4x 9x 9 0
te
x 3 x 28 0
2
4 x( x 1) 9( x 1) 0
x 7 x 4 x 28 0
no
2
( x 1)(4 x 9) 0
x x 7 4 x 7 0 x 1 0 , 4x 9 0
sy
x 7 x 4 0 x 1 , 4 x 9
9
ea
x7 0 , x4 0
x 1 , x
x7 , x 4 4
Checking :
x 2 3 x 10
put x 1 in the equcation
x 2 3 x 10 0
2 x 5 7 x 16
x 2 5 x 2 x 10 0
x x 5 2 x 5 0 2(1) 5 7(1) 16
x 5 x 2 0 2 5 7 16
x5 0 x20 3 9
x5 x 2 3 3 which is true
S .S 5, 2, 7, 4 9
x in the equcation
4
2 x 5 7 x 16
9 9
2 5 7 16
4 4
18 63
5 16
4 4
17 | P a g e
Class 10th Chapter 1
18 20 63 64 Question No.3
4 4
4 x 13 x 14 3
2 1 1 1 4 x 13 x 14 3 (1)
, which is true
4 4 2 2 4 x 3 13 x 14
9
Solution set 1, 4 x 3
2
13 x 14
2
4
(4 x) 2 (3) 2 2(4 x)(3) 13 x 14
Question No2.
16 x 2 9 24 x 13 x 14
x 3 3x 1 16 x 2 9 24 x 13 x 14 0
Solution : x 3 3x 1 16 x 2 11x 5 0
Taking square on both side 16 x 2 16 x 5 x 5 0
( x 3) 2 (3 x 1) 2 16 x( x 1) 5( x 1) 0
x 3 (3 x) (1) 2(3 x)(1)
2 2
( x 1)(16 x 5) 0
x 3 9x 1 6x 0
2
x 1 0 , 16 x 5 0
9 x2 6 x x 1 3 0 x 1 , 16 x 5
9x 7x 2 0
2
5
x 1 , x
9x 9x 2x 2 0
2
16
9 x( x 1) 2( x 1) 0 k
x 1
s.p
( x 1) (9 x 2) 4 x 13 x 14 3
x 1 0 , 9x 2 0 4(1) 13(1) 14 3
te
x 1 , 9 x 2
4 13 14 3
no
2
x 1 , x 4 1 3
9
sy
4 1 3
Checking :
4 2 which is not true
ea
18 | P a g e
Class 10th Chapter 1
x 21 x 60
2 2
5 5 x5 x 21 2 x5
whichis true
4 4
𝟓 x 5 x 21 2 x 5 x 21 x 60
So the solution set is
𝟏𝟔
Question No.4 2 x 26 2 x 2 21x 5 x 105 x 60
3 x 100 x 4
2 x 2 26 x 105 x 60 2 x 26
3 x 100 x 4 ......(1)
2 x 2 26 x 105 x 34
3 x 100 4 x
Taking square on both side 2 x 2 26 x 105 34 x
4 x
2
3 x 100
2
Again squaring both sides :
3 x 100 16 x 2 8 x
4( x 2 26 x 105) (34) 2 x 2 2(34)( x)
x 2 8 x 16 3 x 100 0
x 2 5 x 84 0 4 x 2 104 x 420 1156 x 2 68 x
x 2 12 x 7 x 84 0 4 x 2 104 x 420 1156 x 2 68 x 0
x( x 12) 7( x 12) 0 3 x 2 172 x 736 0
( x 12)( x 7) 0 ax 2 bx c 0
a 3 b 172 c 736
x 12 0 , x 7 0
k
s.p
x 12 , x7 By u sin g quadratic formula :
x 12 b b 2 4ac
x
te
3 x 100 x 4 2a
no
8 12 4 6
20 4 172 38416
x
6
So 12 is an extraneous root
172 196
put x 7in the equation x
6
3 x 100 x 4 172 196 172 196
x , x
3(7) 100 (7) 4 6 6
368 24
21 100 7 4 x , x
6 6
121 7 4 184
11 7 4 x , x4
3
4 4 which is true Checking :
So the solution set is 7 Putting x 4 in equation (1)
Question No.5 x 5 x 21 x 60
x 5 x 21 x 60 4 5 4 21 4 60
x 5 x 21 x 60 (1) 9 25 64
Squaring both sides :
2 2
x 5 x 21 x 60
19 | P a g e
Class 10th Chapter 1
2 x 2 26 x 105 x 60 2 x 26 184 15 184 63 184 180
3 3 3
2 x 2 26 x 105 x 34
169 121 4
2 x 2 26 x 105 34 x
3 3 3
Again squaring both sides :
2
2 x 2 26 x 105 34 x 1 169 1 121 1 4
2
3 3 3
4( x 2 26 x 105) (34) 2 x 2 2(34)( x)
13i 11i 2i
4 x 2 104 x 420 1156 x 2 68 x i 1
3 3 3
4 x 2 104 x 420 1156 x 2 68 x 0 13i 11i 2i
3 x 2 172 x 736 0 3 3
ax 2 bx c 0 24i 2i
which is not true
a 3 b 172 c 736 3 3
184
By u sin g quadratic formula : As x is extraneous root
3
b b 2 4ac Solution set is 4
x
2a
Question no 6:
(172) (172) 2 4(3)(736)
x x 1 x 2 x 6
2(3)
172 29584 8832 k
Solution :
s.p
x
6 x 1 x 2 x 6 ......(1)
172 38416 Squaring both sides :
te
x
2 2
6 x 1 x 2 x6
no
172 196
x
x 1 x 2 2 x 1 x 2 x 6
2 2
6
sy
368 24 2 x 1 2 x 2 2 x 1x 2 x 6
x , x
6 6 2 x2 x 2 x 6 2 x 1
184
x , x4 2 x2 x 2 7 x
3
Checking :
Putting x 4 in equation (1)
x 5 x 21 x 60
4 5 4 21 4 60
9 25 64
35 8
88 which is true
184
Putting x
3
x 5 x 21 x 60
184 184 184
5 21 60
3 3 3
20 | P a g e
Class 10th Chapter 1
Again squaring both sides 11 x 6 x 27 x
2
2
x2 x 2 7 x Solution :
2
11 x 6 x 27 x ......(1)
4 x 2 x 2 7 x 2 2 7 x
2
11 x 6 x 2 11 x
2 2
3 x 2 10 x 57 0 6 x 27 x
3 x 19 x 9 x 57 0
2
3 3 x 19 3 3 x 19 0 11 x 6 x 2 11 x 6 x 27 x
3x 19 x 3 0
17 2 x 2 66 11x 6 x x 2 27 x
3 x 19 0 , x 3 0
3 x 19 , x3 2 66 17 x x 2 27 x 17 2 x
19
x
3 11 x 6 x 2 11 x 6 x 27 x
Checking :
2 66 17 x x 2 27 x 17 2 x
Putting x 3 in the equation (1)
2 66 17 x x 2 10 x
Again squaring both sides
2 k 66 17 x x 2
2
10 x
2
s.p
x 1 x 2 x 6
3 1 3 2 3 6
te
2
2 66 17 x x 2 10 x
2 2
4 1 9
no
2 1 3 4 66 17 x x 2 10 x 2 10 x
2 2
33
sy
which is true
264 68 x 4 x 2 100 x 2 20 x
19 4 x 2 x 2 68 x 20 x 264 100 0
Putting x
ea
i i
which is not true
3 3 4a 2 3ax x 2 4a 2
11 x 6 x 27 x
k
3ax x 2 0
s.p
x 3a x 0
11 2 6 2 27 2 x0 3a x 0
te
x0 x 3a
9 4 25
no
Checking :
3 2 5 Put x 0 inthe equation
sy
82
Here 2 and are extraneous roots.
3
2 a a a
So the solution set is
Question No.8 a a which is true
Put x 3a in the equation
4a 3a a 3a a
a 2a a
a a which is not true
As 3a is extraneous root
sothe solution set is 0
Question No.9
x2 x 1 x2 x 1 1
Solution :
x 2 x 1 x 2 x 1 1 ......(1)
Let x 2 x y ......(2)
Put it in equation (1)
y 1 y 1 1
y 1 1 y 1
22 | P a g e
Class 10th Chapter 1
y 1 1 y 1 2 y 1 y 8 3 y 2
y 1 y 2 y 1 Taking square on both sides
3
2 2
y 1 y 2 y 1 y 8 y2
1 2 y 1
y 8 3
2
y2 2(3)( y 2)
2
Taking again squaring both sides
1 y 8 9 y 26 y 2
2
2 y 1
2
1 4 y 1 y 8 11 y 6 y 2
1 4y 4 y y 8 11 6 y 2
1 4 4 y 3 6 y 2
5 4y Again squaring both sides
From equation (2) put y x x
2
3
2
6 y2
2
5 4 x2 x
9 36 y 2
5 4 x2 4 x
9 36 y 72
0 4x2 4x 5 9 72 36 y
4x2 4 x 5 0
63 36 y
By applying quadratic formula
36 y 63
a 4 b 4 c 5
k
Put x 2 3x y
s.p
b b 4ac
2
x 36 x 2 3 x 63
2a
te
8 b b 2 4ac
x
ea
4 96 2a
x
108 108 4 36 63
2
8
x
x
4 16 6 2 36
8
108 11664 9072
x
4 4 6 x
8 72
x
4( 1 6) 108 2592
8 x
72
1 6
x
2 108 4 4 9 9 2
x
1 6 72
The solution is
2
108 42 92 2
Question No.10 x
72
x 2 3x 8 x 2 3x 2 3
Solution :
108 4 9 2
x 2 3x 8 x 2 3x 2 3 ......(1) x
72
Let x 2 3x y ......(2)
Put it in equation (1) 108 36 2
x
y 8 y 2 3 72
23 | P a g e
Class 10th Chapter 1
36(3 2) x 2 3x 9 x 2 3x 4 5
x
72 Solution :
3 2 x 2 3x 9 x 2 3x 4 5
x
72 Put x 2 3 x y ..........(1)
3 2 y9 y4 5
So the solution set is
72 y 9 5 y4
Question no 11: Taking square on both side
5
2 2
y9 y4
y 9 (5) 2 y 4 2(5) y 4
y 9 25 y 4 10 y 4
y 9 25 y 4 10 y 4
20 10 y 4
2 y4
Taking again square on both side
4 y4 y 0
Put y 0 in equation 1
x 2 3 x 0 x( x 3) 0
k
x 0 or x 3 0
s.p
x 0 or x 3
So the solution set is 0, 3
te
no
sy
ea
24 | P a g e