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Sec 4, Assignment (December)

The document outlines an assignment focused on electrolysis, detailing products obtained from the electrolysis of KCl solution, half-cell reactions, and the extraction of aluminum. It includes specific questions about cathode and anode reactions, the use of molten cryolite as an electrolyte, and reasons for regular anode replacement. Additionally, it features a table to complete regarding various electrolyzed substances and their products, along with explanations of electrical conductivity in solid versus molten ionic substances.

Uploaded by

Hazel Yami
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15 views3 pages

Sec 4, Assignment (December)

The document outlines an assignment focused on electrolysis, detailing products obtained from the electrolysis of KCl solution, half-cell reactions, and the extraction of aluminum. It includes specific questions about cathode and anode reactions, the use of molten cryolite as an electrolyte, and reasons for regular anode replacement. Additionally, it features a table to complete regarding various electrolyzed substances and their products, along with explanations of electrical conductivity in solid versus molten ionic substances.

Uploaded by

Hazel Yami
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assignment (February)

1. (a) Name three products obtained from the electrolysis of aqueous concentrated KCl
solution. (1.5 marks)
solution. (1.5 marks)
Hydrogen gas (H2)
Chlorine gas (Cl2)
Potassium hydroxide (KOH)

(b) Write a half-cell reaction at cathode. (1 mark)


Cu2+ (aq) + 2e- = Cu(s) 2H2 O+2e−→H2 +2OH−
(c) Write a half- cell reaction at anode. (1 mark)
Zn(s) = Zn2+ (aq) + (2e-) 2CI- (aq) --> Cl2(g) + 2e-

(d) Write an overall cell reaction of this electrolysis.(2 mark)


Cu²⁺(aq) + Zn(s) → Cu(s) + Zn²⁺(aq) 2H2 O+2Cl−→H2 +Cl2 +2OH−

2. Aluminium is extracted by electrolysis method.


(a) What is an electrolyte used in this method? (1 mark)
molten cryolite is used in this method Solution of Al2O3 in molten cryolite

(b) Write half-cell reactions at cathode and anode. (2 marks)


At cathode: Al³⁺(aq) + 3e⁻ → Al(s)

At anode: 2O²⁻(aq) → O₂(g) + 4e⁻

(c) Why is the anode replaced regularly? (1 mark)


The anode is replaced regularly because it undergoes oxidation and gradually
consumes itself, producing carbon dioxide. CO2 is also given off at the carbon anode
because hot oxygen reacts with carbon anode to form CO2 gas. So, carbon anodes get
smaller and needs to be replaced regularly.
3. Complete the table. (5.5 marks)

Substance electrolysed Cathode product Anode product

Molten Zinc bromide Zinc Bromide Bromine

Aqueous sodium Sodium Chlorine


chloride Molten sodium
chloride
Calcium bromide solution Calcium Hydrogen Bromide Bromine

Aqueous HNO3 solution Hydrogen Nitrogen dioxide


Oxygen
Aqueous HCl solution Hydrogen Chlorine

Aqueous H2SO4 solution Hydrogen Oxygen

4. (a) Complete the diagram with the following labels:


anode, cathode, electrode, electrolyte, anion and cation. (3 marks)

A = Anode
B = Electrode
C = Cathode
D = Electrolyte
E = Cation
F = Anion A = cathode
B = anode
C = electrolyte
D = electrode
E = anion
F = cation

(b) Why can’t a solid ionic substance conduct electricity? (1 mark)

Solid ionic substances cannot conduct electricity because the ions are tightly bound in a
fixed crystal lattice structure and cannot freely move to carry an electric current.

(c) Why can molten and solutions of ionic substances conduct electricity? (1 mark)
Molten and solutions of ionic substances can conduct electricity because the ions are free to
move and carry the electric current. In the molten state, the ions are not as tightly bound
and can move more freely, allowing the flow of electric current.

Total=20 marks

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