RESOURCE AND DEVELOPMENT
EXIT CARD
Multiple Choice Questions:
1. Which one of the following soils is ideal for growing cotton?
(a) Regur soil (b) Laterite soil (c) Desert soil (d) Mountainous soil
2. Land left without cultivation for one or less than one agricultural year
is called
(a) Culturable waste land (b) Current fallow land (c) Waste land (d)None of the
above
3.Which one of the following is the main cause of land degradation in
Punjab?
(a) Intensive cultivation (b) Deforestation (c) Over irrigation (d) Overgrazing
4.Resource planning is essential for _________ existence of all form of
life
(a) Ecological balance (b) Exploitation (c) Sustainable (d) None of these
5. The first International Earth Summit was held in
(a) Geneva (b) New York (c) Japan (d) Rio de Janeiro
6. The most widespread relief feature of India is
(a) Mountains (b) Forests (c) Plains (d) Plateaus
7. The red soil is red in colour because
(a)it is rich in humus. (b) it is rich in iron compounds.
(c) it is derived from volcanic origin. (d) it is rich in water
8. Which of the following statements about Agenda 21 is true?
a) It aims at achieving global sustainable development.
b) It is an agenda to combat environmental damage, poverty and disease
through global cooperation.
c) One of the major objectives of Agenda 21 is that every local government
should not draw its own local Agenda 21.
d) Option (a) and (b).
9. Soil is formed by the process of
(a) Denudation (b) Gradation (c) Weathering (d) Erosion
10. In which one of the following States is terrace cultivation practised?
(a) Punjab (b) Plains of Uttar Pradesh (c) Haryana (d) Uttarakhand
11. Area sown more than once in an agricultural year plus net sown area
is known as:
(a) Net sown area (b) Forest cover (c) Waste land (d) Gross cropped area
12. Which of the following is not important for soil formation?
(a) Relief (b) Parent rock (c) Climate (d) Duration of day
13. Soil formed by intense leaching is
(a) Alluvial soil (b) Red soil (c) Laterite soil (d) Desert
14.The state of Rajasthan is very well endowed with solar and _______
energy but lacks water resources.
(a) Geothermal (b) Hydro (c) Wind (d) Tidal
Question number 15-17 are assertion and reason based question.
Choose the correct option from
the following.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true
15. Assertion (A): Resources are vital for human survival as well as for
maintaining the quality of life.
Reason (R): It was believed that resources are free gifts of nature
16. Assertion (A): Black soils are black in colour and are also known as regur
soils.
Reason (R): Black soils are made up of lava flows
17. Assertion (A): Resource planning is an easy process in India.
Reason (R): Resource planning involves identification and inventory of
resource across the regions of
the country.
RESOURCE AND DEVELOPMENT
ASSIGNMENT
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS:
1.State two disadvantages of the redsoil.
Answer: (i) The soil lacks in nitrogen, organic and phosphoric acid contents
and is less fertile.
(ii) Red soils are porous in nature but not retentive to moisture.
2. Why is it necessary to conserve resources?
Answer:Necessary to conserve resources because:
(i) Their irrational consumption and over utilisation have led to socio-
economic and environmental problems.
(ii) It takes million of years for the formation of natural resources.
(iii) Natural resources are available in fixed quantity and they are non –
renewable.
3.Mention the factors on which the land- use pattern of India depends
upon.
Answer:
The use of land is determined by physical as well as human factors.
(i) Physical factors: Topography, climate and soil types.
(ii) Human factors: Population density, technological capability, culture and
traditions
4.What are the methods adopted to solve the problems of land
degradation?
Answer:
(i). Afforestation.
(ii). Proper management grazing land.
(iii). Planting of shelter belts in desert areas.
(iv). Control of overgrazing.
(v). Stabilization of sand dunes by growing theory bushes.
(vi). Proper management of waste lands.
(vii) Control on mining activities.
(viii) Proper discharge disposal of effluents waster after treatment can reduce
land degradation.
5.Explain any three factors responsible for the formation of soil.
Answer: (i) Relief, parent rock or bedrock, climate, vegetation and other
forms of life and time are important factors in the formation of soil.
(ii) Various forces of nature such as change in temperature, actions of running
water, wind and glaciers,
activities of decomposers, etc. contribute to the formation of soil.
(iii) Chemical and organic changes which take place in the soil are equally
important.
(iv) Soil also consists of organic (humus) and inorganic material
6.Describe the steps to control soil erosion in hilly areas?
Answer
The soil erosion in hilly areas can be controlled by:
(i) Contour ploughing: Ploughing along the contour lines can decelerate the
flow of water down the slopes.
(ii) Terrace cultivation: Steps can be cut out on the slopes making terraces
which restricts erosion.
(iii) Strip cropping: Large fields are divided into strips and strips of grass are
left to grow between the crops
Long Answer Type Questions
1. Mention any four characteristics of the black soil.
Answer:
(i) These have been formed due to withering of lava.
(if) The black soils are made of extremely fine materials, i.e., clayey materials.
(iii)These soils are rich in soil nutrients such as calcium carbonate,
magnesium carbonate, potash and lime.
(iv)These soils are generally poor in phosphoric content.
(v)The soil is well known for its capacity to hold moisture.
2. Which geographical factors are responsible for the evolution of black
soil? Why is it considered the most suitable for growing cotton?
Answer: (1) Climatic conditions like temperature, rainfall etc. along with
present rock material are important factors for making of black soil. The
parent rock is volcanic rock.
(2) It is ideal for growing cotton because:
(i)It has capacity to hold moisture.
(ii)They are rich in calcium carbonate, magnesium, potash and lime.
(iii)This soil is also known as black cotton soil,
(iv) They develop deep cracks during hot weather.
3. Discuss the problems which have been caused due to over-utilisation
of resources. Suggest any two ways to save the resources.
Answer: (i) Depletion of resources: Over-utilisation has led to the depletion of
the resources for meeting the greed of a few individuals. For example, over-
utilisation of petroleum products has led to a
situation where most of the countries of the world are facing energy crisis.
(ii) Concentration of resources: This has divided the society into ‘haves’ and
‘have nots’ or the rich and the poor.
(iii) Global ecological crisis : Over utilisation of resources has led to the global
ecological crisis such as global warming, depletion of ozone layer, pollution
and land degradation.
Suggestions:
(i) Minimising wastage.
(ii) Use of renewable resources.
4. “The earth has enough resources to meet the need of all but not
enough to satisfy the greed of even one person.” How is this statement
relevant to the discussion of development? Discuss.
Answer: (i) Resources are vital for any developmental activity.
(ii) The irrational consumption and over utilization of resources may lead to
socio economic and environmental problems.
(iii) Indiscriminate exploitation of resources led to global ecological crises
such as global warming, environmental pollution, etc
(iv) The greedy and selfish individuals and exploitative nature of modem
technology is the root cause for resource depletion at the global level.
(v) If the present trend of resource depletion by a few individuals and
countries continues, the future of our planet is in danger.
(vi) There is need for sustainable development. It means development should
take place without damaging the environment and development in the
present shout not compromise with the need of future generations’.
