NEaT

NcErT
PhYSIcS
(No Kachra)

1
 CHAPTER - 1

ELECTRIC CHARGES AND FIELDS

Study of charge at rest
1.1 : Fundamental quantity in electricity is charge A. Final charge on body C is :
SI unit of charge is coulomb (symbol C). (1) Q (2) 3Q/2 (3) 5Q/4 (4) None
sub unit = micro coulomb (1  C = 10-6 C) 1.4.3 : Induction (in metals) : Redistribution
(Induction cannot take place in point

1.2 : Smallest observable charge is that on an e : charges)

ep= 1.6  10-19 C; ee= -1.6  10-19 C, If inducing charge is q, induced charge on
near surface is -q & on far surface is +q
me = 9.1  10-31 kg; mp = 1.67  10-27 kg
1.4.4 : In induction :  m = 0;  q = 0.
VIMP : All quantities associated with atom has
LARGE NEGATIVE POWER 1.4.5 : When a body gets charged by in-
duction the charged body on the whole is
1.3 : ORIGIN OF CHARGE : Atom electrically neutral
Each atom and bulk material is electrically neu- 1.4.6 : Polarisation (induction in Insulators)
tral as total no. of electrons = total no. of pro-

tons. Excess of e create Negative charge.  1
1.5 : Q   Q1  
 K

Deficit of e create Positive charge
1.5.1 : for ALL metals K = infinity &
 Qinduced = Qinducing
Q 1 : 1000 e are transferred from body A to
body B: (Infinite charge can be induced on metals)
(1) mass of body A increases by 1000 me 1.5.2 : For vacuum & air K = 1 (minimum)
(2) mass of body B increases by 1000 me 1.5. 3 : In charging by friction /conduction
transference of electrons take place, hence
(3) Difference between new masses of B & A mass also changes.
increases by 2000 me
1.5. 4 : K cannot be negative
(4) None is correct.
1.5. 5 : K cannot be less than 1
1.4 : Creating Static Electricity : by disturbing neu-
trality of atom. It can be done in following 1.5. 6 : If in a numerical K comes out to be
ways: 1/5, check calculations again or take risk,
tick 5 as correct answer
1.4.1 : FRICTION : transference of electrons
1.6 : GOLD LEAF ELECTROSCOPE (NOT
1.4.2 : Conduction : Touch IMP) :
If charge on one body is q1 & other is q2 & 1.6.1 : Used to detect charge
they are connected then due to symmetry of
1.6.2 : Consists of vertical metal rod with
q  q2 two thin gold leaves at bottom end.
size, final charge on both the bodies is 1
2
1.6.3 : When a charged object touches the
Que 2 : Two identical bodies A & B have charges metal knob at top, same charge flows to the
Q & 2Q respectively. A third identical un- leaves & they diverge.
charged body C is first touched to B, then to

2
 1.6.4 : When a charged body is brought near
(1) +2  C (2) -2  C
knob leaves get similar charge by induction.
(3) 14  C (4) None
1.6.5 : Degree of divergence is proportional
to amount of charge. 1.9.5 : Charge is conserved :

q1  q2  q1  q2 (for Isolated system)

Q. 4 : Sphere A has charge 5 C and B has 7C.

These are now connected by a conducting wire.
Final charge on A is 3C. Final charge on B is:
(1) 2C (2) 9C (3) 12 C (4) None
Q. 5 : Which of the following is implied by law of
conservation of charge:
1.7 : Conductors (1) Total charge of universe is constant
Substances which allow electricity to pass (2) Net charge can neither be created nor de-
through them easily. They contain large no. of stroyed
free electrons. e.g. metals, human & animal bod-
(3) Total no. of charged particles in this uni-
ies, EARTH (on earthing/grounding a body its
verse is constant.
potential becomes zero. Charge may also be-
come zero). (4) When two neutral bodies are rubbed both
get equal & opposite charge
1.8 : Insulators
Q. 6 : In the following fission reaction number of
1.8.1 : Substances which offer high resistance
neutrons x = ?
to the passage of electricity through them. In
atom of such substances, electrons of the 0
1
n 235
92 U  141
56 Ba  92
36 Kr  x 01 n
outer shell are tightly bound to the nucleus e.g.
plastic, nylon, wood, DRY AIR (that is why (1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 4 (4) 3
when a body is charged, its charge does not 1.9.6 : Charge is quantised
come in air).
Q =  ne
1.8.2 : When some charge is given to a con-
ductor, it gets distributed over the entire sur- ‘n’ cannot be in fractions
face on outer skin (due to repulsion) (we cannot buy 1.5 eggs)
1.8.3 : If some charge is put on insulator, it
NCERT EXAMPLE 1 : A body contains n1 e-
stays at the same place.
& n2 e+. Total charge on the body is :
1.9 : PROPERTIES OF ELECTRIC CHARGES
(1) (n2 - n1)e (2) (n2 + n1)e
1.9.1 : like charges repel, unlike charges at-
tract. (3) (n1 - n2)e (4) None
1.9.2 : A neutral body is attracted by a charged Ans : 1
body
Q. 7 : Which of the following charges are pos-
1.9.3 : repulsion is surer test of presence of sible:
charge on both the bodies.
(1) 1.5 C (2) 1.6  10-20 C
1.9.4 : Charge add like scalars
(3) 1.5 C (4) 1.6  10-17 C
Que 3 : A body is given charges of 2  C, - 3  C,
4  C & -5  C. Total charge on the body is:

3
Q. 8 : Number of electrons in 1C of charge :
9 1 2 2
(1) 1.6  1019 (2) 6.25  10-19 1.10.2 : k  9  10  4  Nm C
0

(3) 6.25  1018 (4) 1

C2
Tip : Any Number always has a large positive 1.10.3 : 0 = 8.86  10 -12
(permittivity of
power. Nm 2
free space)
NCERT EXAMPLE 2 : n electrons move out of a
body to another body every second. Which of 1.10.4 Permittivity signifies opposition to for-
the following is correct : mation of electric field in a substance (NOT
IMP)
(1) Charge flowing per second : q/t = ne
(2) Time required to get a total charge of Q C on K = dielectric constant = r
the other body is : total charge / charge per sec.
1.10.5 0 K 0r  (permittivity of medium)
Q Q
(3) T   Q. 9 : K of MICA is 80. Find its permitivity
q / t ne
(1) 80 Nm2/C2
ne
(4) is the current flowing. (2) 80  8.8  10-12 Nm2/C2
t
(3) 8.8  10-12  80 C2/N2-m2
Ans : 1, 2, 3, 4.
(4) None
NCERT EXAMPLE 3 : To calculate number of pro-
tons in W gm of a substance, the correct se- Q. 10 : Q = Q = 1C, r = 1 cm, F = ?
1 2
quence of steps is :
(1) 9  109 N (2) 9  107 N
(a) Calculate ‘n’ number of protons in one mol-
ecule of substance e.g. H2O molecule has 10 (3) 9  1013 N (4) 1 kgwt
protons. 
Q. 11 : A) Compare FE & FG between an e & a
(b) Calculate the numbmer of moles  = w/M, proton.
where M is molar mass in gm.
(c) Calculate the number of molecules in  moles e2 4 0 me m p G
(1) 4  m m G (2)
NA 0 e p e2
: N =  NA = , whereNA is avogadro’ss
M (3) 1 : 1 (4) 1039
no.
(d) Q = N(ne) Gm p me 1 e.e
Hint : FG = , FE  4  2
0 r
2
r
(1) a, d, c, b (2) a, c, b, d (3) a, b, c, d
(4) Any sequence can be followed e2
FE / FG 
Ans : 3 4 0 me m p G
1.10 : Coulomb’s law
a
e
k q1q2 B) a  ?
p
1.10.1 : F  (valid only for point
K r2
charges) (1) 1 : 1 (2) 1836 : 1

(similar to F = G m1m2/r2) (3) 1 : 1836 (4) 2 : 1

4
 1 ae  m p  1836
Hint. F = same,  a  ,
m a p me


C) Both e & P are separated by 1oA. Find
G
force of attraction experienced by both.
(1) 2.3  10-8 N (2) 2.3  108 N

(3) 4.6  10-8 N (4) 1 N

(1) F (2) F 3
Q. 12 : Two identical charged metal spheres A & B
(3) depends on sign of Q (4) Zero
are at a distance of 10 cm. They repel each other
by a force F1. A & B are touched by identical Ans : 4
uncharged spheres C & D respectively. C & D Que 13 : Magnitude of force between any two
are removed to infinity & distance between A & charges is F. Magnitude of force on charge at B
B is reduced to 5 cm. Now A & B repel each due to all other charges is :
other with F2. Find F2.
(1) F (2) F/2 (3) 2F (4) None = - q
C

 Q A  QB 
QAQB   
Hint : F1  2 ; F2 
 2  2  l l
10 52

1.10.6 : coulomb’s law is in agreement with

A =q
q1 =q l B
newton’s 3rd law F12   F21
(1) F (2) F 3 (3) F 2 (4) Zero
1.10.7 : HOW TO MARK DIRECTION OF
FORCE : mark direction of attraction or re- NCERT EXAMPLE 5 : Consider charges as shown
pulsion by the OTHER charge on the charge on vertices of equilateral triangle. Which of the
under consideration. following is correct. (Here F is the magnitude of
force between any two charges) :
1.11 : Forces between multiple charges : determined
by superposition principle (vector sum)
1.11.1 : Mark direction of F1, F2 & find 
VERY CAREFULLY & put in the formula of
resultant :

F  F12  F 22  2 F1 F 2 cos 

1.11.2 : Force between two fixed charges does

not change when a 3rd charge is brought nearby. (1) Net Force on A & B due to all other charges
RESULTANT force changes. (in magnitude) = F
NCERT EXAMPLE 4 : Consider three charges q (2) Magnitude of net fore on charge at Corner C
at corners of an equilateral triangle of side L. is F 3
Force on charge Q at centroid of triangle :   
(3) FA  FB  FC  0
(4) All
Ans : 4

5
1.12 : ELECTRIC FIELD: Q. 15 : An e  is at a distance of 0.53o A from a
1.12.1 : represented by imaginary continuous proton in H-atom. Find E due to proton at lo-
curves cation of e  .
1.12.2 : tangent to field line gives the direction (1) 5  1011 N/C towards proton
of E at that point.
(2) 5  1011 N/C away from proton (radially out-
1.12.3 : crowded field lines represent strong field
ward)
(produced by bigger charge).
(3) same as E created by electron at the loca-
1.12.4 : Uniform field is represented by parallel
tion of proton in both magnitute & direction
equidistant lines.
(4) None
1.12.5 : Electrostatic field lines are open
CURVES which come out of a positive charge 1.15 :
& end on negative charge.
F
1.12.6 : Option with a closed field line is wrong. 1.15.1 : E = (N/C)
q

1.15.2 : F  q E

(Compare with F = mg)


IMP : Write E in i, j, k form & put sign of q
(force of electrical field is independent of mass
and velocity)
1.12.7 : No two field lines intersect at a point
because at a point field is unique. (otherwise at Q. 16 : An e  and a proton are released from rest
the point of intersection there shall be two tan- in an electrical field. Which of the following is
gents representing two directions of resultant E correct.
at same point which is not possible)
(1) Both will start moving in same direction with
1.13 : E due to a point charge same acceleration.
kq (2) Both will start moving in opposite direction
E with same magnitude of acceleration.
r2
Compare with g = GM/r2 (3) Proton will move in the direction of field,
electron in direction opp. to field.
Q. 14 : Find Q which produces 2 N/C at 60 cm.
(4) ae  a p
(1) 8  10-11 C (2) 2  10-12 C
1.15.3 : a = qE/m = constant
(3) 3  10-11 C (4) 6  10-10 C
Since acceleration is constant, all equations of
1.14 : How to determine direction of E at a point P
motion for constant acceleration can be applied.
:
1.14.1 : Remove some charge if already present 1 qE 2
S t
at P. 2 m
1.14.2 : Bring a test positive charge at P. qE
 t
1.14.3 : Mark the direction of force on the test m
positive charge at P due to the source charge.
This is the required direction of E
6
 2 Q. 17 : Dipole moment of the system is :
1  qE 
KE  m t -5a
2  m 
-3q +3q

u 2
u 2 (1) 15 p (2) - 15 aq
S 
2a 2(qE / m) (3) 7.5 aq (4) 15 aq

NCERT EXAMPLE 6 : An e falls through a dis- 1.16.3 : END ON & BROAD SIDE ON PO-
tance of 1.5 cm in a uniform E of 2  104 N/C. SITION
The field is directed vertically upwards. Now when dipole is seen from a point from where its
the field is reversed & a proton falls through same
one end is visible is called end on (head on) &
distance. Ratio of time of fall in two cases is:
when seen from a point from where its Broad
(1) 1836 (2) 1/1836
side is seen is called broad side on position
(3) 1 : 1 (4) 42 : 1
1.16.4 : E IN END ON POSITION
Ans : 4
(Axial position)
1.15.4 : If a charged particle is released from
r
rest in a field it will move in straight line & not
P
along field line (which is curved).
L
1.15.5 : If a charged particle is projected at right
angles in an E with some initial velocity, its path will (A car seen from front)
be parabolic like a horizontal projectile
HIGH ALERT : DISTANCE
x = ut
carefully think of the distance between the
1 2
y  at charge & the point where it’s field is to be found.
2
  Q Q 
1 x2 1 qE x 2 E  k  2
 
2 
y  a 2   ( r  L / 2) ( r  L / 2) 
2 u 2 m u2

1.16 : Electric dipole : k  2 pr

 2
 2  L 2 
r    
  2  

 k2p
For a short dipole : E 
r3

(in the direction of p )
1.16.1 : q  0
NCERT EXAMPLE : The electric field intensity
1.16.2 : Electric dipole moment : due to a dipole of length 10 cm and having a
charge of 500  C, at a point on the axis at a
 
p  qL (C - m) distance 20 cm from one of the charges in air, is
(1) 6.25  107 N/C (2) 9.28  107 N/C
Here L is DISPLACEMENT between the two
poles directed along the axis from negative to posi- (3) 13.1  1010 N/C (4) 20.5  107 N/C
tive charge Ans : 1

7
1.16.5 : E In Broad side on position: (When not mentioned in question whether we
have to find correct or incorrect, find correct
ER option)

NCERT EXAMPLE 8 : Two point charges q1

r and q2 of magnitude + 10-8 C and -10-8 C
d
respectively, are placed 0.1 m apart. Calcu-
late the electric fields at points A, B and C

shown in figure.
l l

(Limousine seen from side)

(equatorial position)
(along perpendicular bisector : a point on  bi-
sector is equidistant from both ends)
ER = 2E cos  (perpendicular components
cancel)

p
ER  k  (exact formula)
d3 (1) EA = 7.2  104 N/C towards right

p (2) EB = 3.2  104 N/C towards left

 k  3 (short dipole)
r (3) EC = 9  103 N/C towards right

E end (4) All of the above

E BSO  
2 Ans : 4

(No. of field lines in broad side on position = half 1.17 : Dipole in uniform E
that in end on position)
NCERT EXAMPLE 7 : Two charges  10  C
are 5 mm apart :
(1) E at a point along dipole axis, 15 cm away
from the origin on the side of positive charge

is 2.6  105 N/C in the direction of p .
(2) E at a point 15 cm from the mid-point of
dipole normal to the axis of the dipole is F = qE (+ iˆ )
1.33  105 N/C in direction of p.

(3) Both F = qE (- iˆ )

(4) None 1.17.1 :  F  0

Ans : 1 1.17.2 : No Translatory motion

1.17.3 : Torque :   r  F (N-m)

8
 = Force  perpendicular distance 1.19 : ELECTRIC FLUX : number of perpen-
dicular field lines.
  ( qE )  L sin 
 
   1.19.1 : E  EA cos   E.ds (scalar)
  pE sin   p  E
Q. 18 : If the electric field is given by
d
1.17.4 :  pE cos  (  is 0 at  = 0 but 
d E  8iˆ  4 ˆj  3kˆ NC 1 , calculate the electric
d flux ‘through’ a surface of area 100 m2 lying
is maximum when  = 0) in the X-Y plane. In SI units
d
1.17.5 : DIRECTION OF ROTATION: (1) 300 (2) 800 (3) 400 (4) 0

Direction of E is fixed. 1.19.2 : Direction of Area : Outward normal

(to the volume enclosed)
 
p comes in the direction of E . 1.19.3 : HIGH ALERT :  is always mea-
(p comes In the direction of E) sured from normal, not with plane.

TIP TO REMEMBER (TTR) : PIE Q. 19 : A circular plane sheet of radius 10 cm is

  placed in a uniform electric field of 5  105
(Draw an arrow from p to E)
NC-1, making an angle of 60o with the field.

E
1.18 : DIPOLE IN NON UNIFORM : Calculate electric flux through the sheet in SI
units. Ignore power of 10
1.18.1 : Charge in stronger field experiences
more force & translatory motion takes place in (1) 1.36 (2) 5  (3) 25  (4) 
the direction of force experienced by this charge
i.e. from weak portion to strong portion of the 1.19.4 : OUTGOING FLUX = +;
field.
INCOMING FLUX = -
 F  0 (Relate with your irritation when unwanted
guest comes to your house and relief when the
1.18.2 :  may or not be zero depending on  . idiot goes out)
1.18.3 : IN NON UNIFORM E both translatory 1.19.5 : FLUX IN PLANE = 0
(neutral)
& rotatory motion take place
o
 =90 , cos 90 = 0
1.18.4 : Conclusion : In uniform field, F is AL-
WAYS ZERO. In NON-uniform E, F is AL-
WAYS NON-ZERO.

1.18.5 : In both cases, torque may or may not

be zero.

force always comes with a guarantee, torque is

tarkau. (VjdkÅ)

[Tangential to Plane]

9
1.20 : Gauss theorem : L
E  2rL 
0
  Qenclosed
 E   E.ds =  0 1 2
E ¼rq yaxMk ;kj½
Important points: 4 0 r a

1.20.1 : E at a point (calculated by above 1.21.4 : r is  distance

equation)on G.S. is determined by All charges
1.21.5 : E is radial & non uniform
(inside & outside)
1.21.6 : GS is a Co-axial cylinder
1.20.2 :  through the G.S. depends only on
charge enclosed. Q. 20 : A cylinder of large length carries a charge
1.20.3 : For calculation of E, of 2  10-8 Cm-1. Find the electric field at a

Charge should be at the centre and G.S. should distance of 0.2 m from it.
be symmetrical (E is vector).
(1) 1800 N/C (2) 900 N/C
1.20.4 : For calculation of  , no symmetry is
(3) 3600 N/C (4) None
required (  = Scalar).  is independent of shape
& size of G.S. 1.22 : E due to thin spherical shell (Hollow sphere)
1.20.5 : For Gauss law to be obeyed or solid metallic sphere. (Here uniformly
charged means uniformly distributed on the skin.
1
E  2 (Inverse square law)
r 1.22.1 : NOTE : All results of solid metallic
1.20.6 : When a closed GS is placed in an sphere & hollow sphere are same. (result of
EXTERNAL field, (whether uniform or non hollow sphere whether metallic or non conduct-
uniform) net flux through it is zero as it en-
closes no net charge ing are same)

1.21 :Steps to determine E at a point P Q

1.22.2 : Surface charge density  
1.21.1 : Draw symmetrical closed GS through A
point P such that E at every point is same and
Q. 21 : A positive charge of 17.7  C is placed
normal (90o) to surface   0o .
at the centre of a hollow sphere of radius 0.5
Qenclosed m. Calculate the flux density through the
1.21.2 : E  AGS  0 surface of the sphere in SI units

1.21.3 : E due to line charge (Linear charge den- (1) 2  106 (2) 8  106
Q (3) 6.4  105 (4) 0
sity   )
L
1.22.3 : For points on the surface & for exter-
nal points,entire charge should be considered
to be at centre & all distances should be mea-
sured from centre as flux appears to be coming
from centre

10
1.22.4 : Gaussian Surface = Concentric sphere 1.22.8 : GRAPHICAL SUMMARY
1.22.5 : AT EXTERNAL POINT

1.22.9 : E inside is zero. Outside E decreases

  ASPHERE as a rectangular hyperbola
E . AGS 
0 1.22.10 : Since E is dependent on ‘r’, field is
non-uniform.
  4R 2 Q 1.23 : E due to UNIFORMLY Charged
E  4r 2  
0 0
NON CONDUCTING SPHERE (NCS)
Q on sphere   4R  2
Q
(Volume charge density :   )
V
1 Q
E 
4 0 r 2 1.23.1 : IMP : uniformly charged means non
conducting sphere & charged distributed uni-
(same as that due to point charge) formly throughout the volume.
1.22.6 : At a point on surface : kQ
1.23.2 : For external pts E=
r2
  4R 2 
E  4R 2  
0 0 kQ
kQ 1.23.3 : For points on the surface E =
 R2
R2
1.23.4 : AT INTERNAL POINT
1.22.7 : At Internal Point (Inside shell)
Qinside GS
E  AGS  -----(1)
0

1.23.5 : How To Determine q enclosed in GS:

Q enclosed inside GS is determined by uni-
tary method
4
Charge resides on outer skin so charge enclosed charge in volume  R 3 is Q
in GS = 0 3

Qenclosed Q
E  AGS 
0  charge in unit volume is 4 R 3
3
E  4r 2  0
4 3
 charge in volume r of G.S. of radius r
EINT = 0 3

11
 1.24.1 : For positively charged sheet, charge
4 Q
dq   r 3 resides only on one face but E is directed per-
4 3 3 pendicularly outwards on both sides.
R
3
E E
Q
dq = 3
r3 P
R
put in eqn. 1 1.24.2 : Gaussian surface : Cylinder  to sheet
of charge
Q r3
E  4r 2  
R 3 0
1 Q r
E  
4 0 R 2 R

r r
EINT for NCS = E surface  R  3
0

 EINT for NCS  r A

2 EA 
NCERT EXAMPLE 9 : Nucleus has a point 0
charge +Ze surrounded by negative charge den-
sity  up to R. Atom as a whole is neutral. 
E 
Correct statements are : 2 0
(1)  = - 3Ze/4  R2 This expression does not contain any term of r,

1  1 r   E around sheet of charge is uniform.

(2) for r < R, E = 4  Ze 2  3 
0 r R  (This result is approximately true only for those
points for which the charge distribution can be
(3) at r = R, E = 0 regarded as infinite)
(4) For r > R E = 0 NCERT EXAMPLE 10 : E = 200 i N/C for x >
Ans : 1,2,3,4 N
0 & E = 200 (-i) for x < 0. A right circular
1.23.5 : Graphical summary for NCS C
cylinder of length 20 cm & radius 5 cm has its
centre at origin & its axis is along x-axis such
that one face is at x = +10 cm & the other is at
x= -10 cm
(1) Net outward flux through each flat face is +
1.57 SI units
(2) Flux through side of cylinder is zero.
(3) Net outward flux through the cylinder is +
1.24 : E due to thin sheet of charge of Infnite extent 3.14 SI units
:
(4) Net charge inside the cylinder is 228  10-11
(when not specified always take it as Non con- C.
ducting sheet)
Ans : 1, 2, 3, 4

12
1.25 : E due to conducting sheet of charge (1) 8.85  10-12 C (2) 8.85  10-9 C
A conducting sheet is equivalent to two non con- (3) 8.85  10+1 C (4) 8.85  10-10 C
ducting sheets :
1.26.2 : External point
1.25.1 : INTERNAL POINT
+1
E- E+
P P

Imagine a unit positive charge at P  

E 
2 0 2 0 = 0
 
E  0
2 0 2 0 Q. 23: A proton is kept at a distance ‘d’ near a
charged sheet of infinite extent. How will force
(E inside metal is always zero) change when distance is doubled
1.25.2 : External point (1) twice (2) 1/2 times
(3) 4 times (4) unchanged

P   
HINT: F  qE  q  . E is independent
 2 0 
Imagine a unit positive charge at P . It will be of distance.
repelled by charge on both the faces of non con- 1.27 : NEUTRAL POINT (due to two point
ducting sheet charges)
   1.27.1: NET E = 0
E   
2 0 2 0 0
1.27.2 : The two fields are equal & opposite
1.26 : E due to two thin infinite parallel sheets of 1.27.3 : such a point lies along the line joining
equal & opposite charges (Capacitor) the two charges ( closer to smaller charge in
1.26.1: Internal Point magnitude)
NP ¼uUgs ds ikl½
+1 1.27.4 : For like charges it lies at internal point
P (lies at mid point of two equal & like charges)

Q1 P Q2
   d-x x
E  
2 0 2 0 0
Q1 Q
2  22
Q. 22 : Two large metal plates each of area 1 m (d  x) 2
x
are placed facing each other at a distance of 10
cm and carry equal and opposite charges on their 1.27.5 : For unlike charges, it lies at an ext pt.
faces. If the electric field between the plates is (closer to smaller digit)
100 NC-1, find the charge on each plate.

13
 -2Q +4Q
P
x d
x
2Q 4Q F
2

x (d  x) 2 (Hint for direction: Force exerted by closer
charge is more)
1.27.6 : At internal point of like charges and at
external point of unlike charges E is substractive
therefore weak.
1.27.7 : HIGH ALERT: Ascertain clearly from Q F
question or from options that distance of NP is F x
to be found from which charge.
1.27.8 : Neutral point due to dipoles :
P NP 8p
x (x & F in opposite direction)
d
1.29.2 : UNSTABLE EQUILIBRIUM
p 8p In displaced position, resultant force is directed
3
 3
x (d  x) away from earlier equilibrium position.
x
1.28 : Equilibrium of system of charges
Net force on each charge due to all the remain- F
ing charges must be zero
F
Q. 24 : q is at mid-point of two equal & like
charges Q. Which of the following are correct.
A B C x
+Q q +Q

(1) q will always be in equilibrium for any value

and sign of q
(x & F in same direction)
(2) For equilibrium of Q at A
1.29.3 : Neutral equilibrium : In displaced po-
FAB  FAC  0 sition, net force is still zero.

(3) For equilibrium of either of the extreme charge q

2 0
Q
at A & C, q   P
4
mg
(4) For equilibrium of system of charges at least
one of the charges should be of opposite sign
1.29 : Types of equilibrium :
even if the charge at P is raised or lowered none
1.29.1: STABLE EQUILIBRIUM of the forces change.
If in the displaced position resultant force is di-
rected towards earlier eq. position.

14
 1.29.4 : Condition of oscillation. When a par- Answer key
ticle in stable eqilibrium is displaced a little & re- 1 - 2, 3 2- 1 3- 2 4-2 5 - 1,2,4
leased, it performs oscillations about mean posi-
6-4 7 - 3, 4 8 - 3 9-4 10 - 3
tion.
11A - 1, 4 11B - 2 11C - 1 12 - 1
1.29.5 : Condition of SHM
13 - 1 14 - 1 15 - 2 16 - 3 17 - 4
If displacement x <<< l, These oscillations about
18 - 1 19- 1 20- 1 21 - 3 22 - 4
the stable equilibrium position are periodic as well
as SHM. 23 - 4 24 - 1, 2, 3, 4 25 - 2

1.30 : BREAKDOWN STRENGTH:

For suitably high values of E, qE on electrons

overcome the attractive force of nucleus and the
substance becomes conducting. This E is called
dielectric/Breakdown strength. For air at NTP it
is 3  106 V/m. When E exceeds breakdown
value sparking may occur.

Que 25 : Calculate the maximum charge that can be

given to a sphere of radius 1m in air.

(1) 3 mC (2) 13 mC

(3) 1 C (4) 3  106 C

15
 Electrostatics

1. Charge on  (alpha) particle is  . Cal-

proton in a circular orbit of radius 0.53 
culate its radial acceleration?
(1) Neutral (2) + 3.2  10-19 C
(3) - 3.2  10-19 C (4) + 6.4  10-19 C (1) 10+24 m/s2 (2) 10+23 m/s2
(3) 10+22 m/s2 (4) 10+21 m/s2
2. Charge produced by combination of an electron
and positron: 10. Two copper spheres are separated by 1 m in
air. How many electrons should be removed
(1) 1.6  10-19 Coulombs
from one and added to the other so that they
(2) 3.2  10-19 Coulombs attract each other with a force of 1 kN.
(3) Zero
(1) 2  1030 (2) 4  1030
(4) None of these
(3) 2  1015 (4) 4  1015
3. K for mica is 4, calculate its  .
11. Two charges of equal size are of 2 C and -4 C,
(1) 2.215  10-11 C2N-1m-2
they attract each other with a force of 10 N from
(2) 3.54  10-11 C2N-1m-2 a certain distance. Now, they are touched and
(3) 0.55  10-11 C2N-1m-2 then separated tot he same distance. Calculate
-11 2 -1 -2 the new force between them.
(4) 14.16  10 C N m
4. Two identical charges are at a certain distance, (1) 1.25 N (2) 1N
they repel each other with a force F. What should (3) 12.5 N (4) 125 N
be the percentage change in each charge so that 12. A charge Q is placed on all the four corners of a
the force gets doubled? square ABCD of side a. Find the ratio of force
(1) 0.041% (2) 0.410% exerted by charge at A on B (FBA) to that ex-
(3) 41.4% (4) 4.14% erted by charge at A on charge at C (FCA).
5. If the above problem charges are kept constant
and force is doubled by changing the distance. (1) 2 : 1 (2) 2 : 1
Calculate the percentage change in distance. (3) 1 : 2 (4) 1 : 2
(1) -29.3% (2) 29.3% 13. Distance between two point charges in air is 9
(3) 58.6% (4) -58.6% cm. They exert a certain force on each other.
6. Calculate force between an  -particle and a What should be the distance between them if they
proton separated by 0.53   are kept in water but still exert same force on
each other?
(1) 1.8  10-7 N (2) -1.8  10-7 N
(1) 1/9 cm (2) 1/3 cm
(3) 0.9  10-7 N (4) -0.9  10-7 N
(3) 9 cm (4) 1 cm
7. Two charges of 1  Coulumb and 1 mili Cou-
14. The figure shows two charges q and Q and the
lomb attract each othe with a force of 900 dyne.
resulting electrical field. Which out of the fol-
Calculate the distance between them.
lowing is true?
(1) 31.4 m (2) 3.14 m
(3) 0.314m (4) 0.0314m
8. Two positive particles each of mass equal to that
of a proton and charge same as that of an elec-
tron are kept at a distance x, each charge expe-
riences a force equal to the weight of the other.
Calculate the distancec x. (1) q < Q and q is positive
(1) 0.012m (2) 0.0012m (2) q < Q and q is negative
(3) 1.2m (4) 0.12 m (3)q > Q and q is positive
9. In a hydrogen atom electron revolves around a (4) q > Q and q is negative

16
15. 18.75  1018 electrons are added to a ball.
When placed at a point, it experiences a force of
1.5 N towards south. Calculate the magnitude
and direction of the field at that place.
(1) 0.005 N/C (2) 0.05 N/C
(3) 0.5 N/C (4) 5 N/C
16. An electron travels a distance of 5 cm when
accelerated from rest by a field of intensity 1 N/
C. Calculate the time taken by it to do so?
(1) 0.75  10-5  s (2) 0.75  s
(3) 0.75  10-6  s (4) 0.75 s (1) 0 (2) 12 kQ/a2
17. Two charges are - 81  C and + 9  C. They (3) 12.56 kQ/a2 (4) 4kQ/a2
are placed at a distance of 9 cm from each other
21. Calculate the magnitude and direction of result-
in air. Calculate the distance of neutral point from
ant field at O due to system of charges as shown
the charge of - 81  C.
in the figure.
(1) 4.5 cm (2) 13.5 cm
(3) 4.5 m (4) 13.5 m
18. Two charges of + 4e and e are separated by a
distance ‘a’. Where should a third point charge
‘e’ be placed along the line joining the two, such
that it experiences no force?
i) a/3 from e- ii) a/3 from 4e
-
(1) 8Q/a2 (2) 0
iii) 2a/3 from 4e iv) 2a/3 from e 2
(3) 4 2 Q/a (4) 4Q/a2
(1) i, ii (2) i, iii
22. Calculate the resultant field at the centroid of an
(3) ii, iv (4) iii only equilateral triangle of side ‘a’ due to charges as
19. Determine the resultant field at the centre of shown in the figure.
square shown in figure.

(1) 8kQ2/a2 (2) 4kQ/a2

(3) 0 (4) kQ/a2 (1) 0 (2) E along AD
20. Calculate the resultant field at O due to the sys- (3) E along BO (4) E along CO
tem of charges shown in the figure. 23. Pendulum bob of mass ‘m’ carries a charge ‘q’.
It is at rest in its equilibrium position in a horizon-
tal electrical field ‘E’. Find tension in the thread
and its inclination with the vertical in the equilib-
rium position.

17
 (3) 2yp = ye, yp = ye, yp > ye
(4) yp = ye, yp = ye, yp = ye
27. Two identical dipoles are arranged as shown in
the figure. Find the resultant dipole moment.

1  qE 
(1) T  mg / sin ,   tan  
 mg 
 qE 
(2) T  mg / cos ,   sec 
 T  (1) 2 /2 qL C-m (2) 1/ 2 qL C-m
 mg  (3) 3 qL C-m (4) 3 /2 qL C-m
(3) T  mg / cos ,   sec 
 T  28. Calculate the resultant dipole moment of the
system of charges as shown in figure.
1  qE 
(4) T  mg / sin ,   sin   Solution. The charge -2q can be broken in -q,
 mg  -q.
24. In Milikan’s experiment there are 10 excess Now as shown figure, we have two equal di-
electrons on a drop in a field of 1  104 N/C. poles inclined at an angle of 60o. Therefore re-
Density of drop is equal to 1.5 (in CGS units). sultant dipole moment will be
Calculate the radius of the drop.
(1) 6.3  10-6 m (2) 6.3  10-7 m
(3) 6.3  10-8 m (4) 6.3  10-9 m
25. An  particle and a proton initially at rest move
for same time in an electric field, calculate the
ratio of KE gained by them?
(1) 1 : 2 (2) 4 : 1
(3) 2 : 1 (4) 1 : 1
26. A proton and an electron enters an electric field
at right angles to the field with
(1) same initial velocity
(2) same initial kinetic energy (1) 2 qa (2) 3 qa
(3) same initial momentum
Trajectory of which particle will be more (3) 3 /2 qa (4) 1/ 2 qa
curved in all of the above cases.
29. Two charge of  2.4  C are at a dostamce pf
2.5 mm.
(a) Calculate the intensity in broad side on posi-
tion at a distance of 1.5 mm from either of the
charges.
(1) 3.2  1010 N/C (2) 1.6  1010 N/C
(3) 0 (4) 1.12  10-7 N/C
30. Dipole in the above problem is turned through
(1) ye > yp, yp =ye, yp > ye 90o, such that the point (at which intensity was
(2) ye > yp, yp = ye, yp = ye earlier calculated) now lies along the axis of di-

18
 pole. Calculate the intensity in this position.
(1) 1.6  1010 (2) 3.2  1010
(3) 0 (4) 1.12  10-7
31. Intensity at a point at a distance r in the broad
side on position of dipole is twice the intensity at
a distance 2 r along the axis of another dipole.
Compare their dipole moments.
(1) 1 : 4 (2) 1 : 8
(3) 1 : 2 (4) 1 : 1 (1) not in equilibrium
32. Intensity of a dipole along the axis at a distance (2) unstable equilibrium
x is same as intensity at a distance y along equa-
torial axis. Calculate y/x. (3) stable equilibrium
(4) neutral equilibrium
1 1
 2
(1) 1 3
 1
(2) 2 3 37. Determine whether the equilibrium of charge +q
is stable or unstable for displacement along the
(3) 2  (4) 1 
3 3 line joining the two positive charges Q in the fig-
1 2 ure
33. (NOT IMP) The electrical field at a point on
axial line at a distance of 10 cm from dipole is
3.75  105 N/C and at a distance of 20 cm, field
is 3  104 N/C. Calculate the length of dipole. (1) not in equilibrium
(1) 5 cm (2) 5 m (2) unstable equilibrium
(3) 25 cm (4) 25 m
(3) stable equilibrium
34. Calculate the intensity at midpoint of a dipole of
(4) neutral equilibrium
dipole moment p and length 2l.
(1) kp/L3 (2) 2kp/L3
(3) 4kp/L3 (4) kp/4L3
35. A charge Q is held stationary. A charge -q is
held at some distance vertically below it. Dis-
cuss its equilibrium along the line joining the cen-
tre of two charges. 38. In the above question, comment on equilibrium
of charge +q0 for displacement along perpen-
dicular bisector of the two positive charges Q.

(1) not in equilibrium (2) unstable equilib-

rium (3) stable equilibrium
(4) neutral equilibrium
36. A charge Q is held stationary at a point. A mo- (1) not in equilibrium
bile charge +q is held in equilibrium at a certain
distance vertically above it, discuss its equilib- (2) unstable equilibrium
rium for displacement along vertical direction. (3) stable equilibrium
(4) neutral equilibrium

19
39. Suppose a negative charge is kept at the mid 44. A point charge of 10  C is situated at a dis-
point of two equal positive charges. Comment tance of 1 cm from the centre of sphere of radius
on equilibrium for displacement along the per- 10 cm. Calculate the flux passing through sur-
pendicular bisector. face?
(1) 1.13  10-6 C/m2 (2) 1.13  107 C/m2
(3) 1.13  105 C/m2 (4) 0
45. A charge of 5 mC is kept at the centre of a cube
(1) not in equilibrium of edge 1.5 m. Calculate the flux passing through
(2) unstable equilibrium one of the face of the cube.
(3) stable equilibrium 2 2
8 Nm 7 Nm
(4) neutral equilibrium (1) 10 (2) 10
C C
40. In the above question, comment on equilibrium
for displacement of charge -q0 along the line join- Nm 2 Nm 2
(3) 9.4  1011 (4) 9.4  1012
ing the two positive charge C C
(1) not in equilibrium 46. Two hollow concentric conducting spheres of
(2) unstable equilibrium radii 6 cm and 12 cm are insulated. The outer
sphere is given a charge of 20 and inner of 5 esu.
(3) stable equilibrium Find the intensity of electric field at point 5, 10
(4) neutral equilibrium and 15 cm from centre.
o
41. When a dipole makes an angle of 60 with a
field of 2  105 N/Coulomb, it experiences a
torque of 4 3 N-m. One-fourth of the length
of the dipole is 2 cm. Calculate the charge on
the dipole.
(1) 5  10-4 C (2) 0.5  10-4 C
(3) 1  10-3 C (4) 1  10-4 C (1) 0,0,0 (2) 0, 1485, 3300
(3) 1485, 1485, 3300 (4) 0, 1485, 6600
42. Find the net flux associated with a cylindrical
47. A particle of mass 5 micro gram is kept over a
surface placed in an external field with its axis
along the direction of field. large horizontal sheet of charge density 4  C/
m2 at a small distance vertically above it. What
is the charge on this particle so that if released, it
does not fall down?
(1) 2.2  10-13 C (2) 22  10-13 C
(3) 1.1  10-13 C (4) 11  10-13 C
48. Two co-axial cylinders of infinite length of radii
a and b (b>a) have linear charge densities p1 and
(1)  = 0 (2)  = +2EA p2 respectively. Calculate the electrie field at a
(3)  -2EA (4) 2EA + EACS distance r when
43. Near the surface of earth E = 300 V/m directed (1) r < a (b) a < r < b
downwards. Calculate the surface density of (c) r > b
charge on earth.
(1) 2.64  10-10 C/m2 (2) 8.86  10-9 C/m2
(3) 2.64  10-9 C/m2 (4) 2.64  10-8 C/m2

20
 53. (Lengthy)In 1 g of a solid, there are 5  1021
atoms. If one electron is removed from every-
one of 0.01% atoms ofthe solid, the charge gained
by the solid is (given that electronic charge is 1.6
-19
 10 C)
(1) +0.08 C (2) +0.8 C
(3) -0.08 C (4)-0.8 C
54. A pendulum bob of mass 80  g and carrying a
charge of 2  10-8 C is at rest in a horizontal
uniform electric field of 20,000 V|m. The tension
in the thread of the pendulum is
(1) 0, 2p1/r, 2p2/r (2) 0, 2p1/r, 0 (1) 2.2  10-4 N (2) 4.4  10-4 N
(3) 0, 2p1/r, 2(p1+p2)/r (4) 0, 0, 2p2/r (3) 8.8  10-4 N (4) 17.6  10-4 N
49. In the radiactive decay of 92U238 the centre of 55. A is a spherical conductor placed concentrically
emergiing a-particle is at a certain instant, 9  10- inside a hollow spherical conductor B.A + Q
15
m from the centre of the residual nucleus charge is given to A and B is earthed. Then the
Th234. At this instant what is the force onthe a electric intensity is not zero
90
particle?
(1) 5  102 N (2) 4  104 N
(3) 5  10-2 N (4) 5  10-4 N
50. One gram hydrogen has 6  1023 atoms. imag-
ine that all the nuclei are put at the north pole of
the earth and the electrons at the south pole of
the earth (radius = 6400 km). The force be-
tween the charges is
(1) inside A (2) outside B
(1) 10  105 N (2) 5  105 N
(3) on the surface of B (4) between A and B
(3) 2.5  105 N (4) 2  105 N
56. Two charged spherical conductors, each of ra-
51. If the force between two charged particles is F. dius R, are at a distance r from each other. The
When it will become 2F charge on the first is +q and on the second -q. If
(1) the charge on each particle is doubled r > R, then numerically the force of attractiion
(2) the distance between them is halved between them is
(3) the distance between them is reduced to 1 q2
nearly 70.7% ofthe original distance (1) equal to
4 0 r 2
(4) each charge is increased by nearly 41.5%
52. A point charge placed at any point on the asis of 1 q2
an electric dipole at some large distance experi- (2) more than
4 0 r 2
ences a force F. The force acting on the point
charge when its distance from the dipole is
1 q2
doubled is (3) less than
4 0 r 2
F
(1) F (2) r
2 (4) more or less depending upon the value of
R
F F
(3) (4)
4 8

21
57. An electron (mass = 9.1  10-31 kg and charge lated strings of equal length L metre, from a hook
= 1.6  10-19 C) is sent in an electric field of in- fixed to a stand. The whole set up is taken in a
tensity 106 V/m. How long would it take for the satellite into space where there is no gravity (state
of weightlessness). Then the angle  between
1
electron, starting from rest, to attain th the the two strings is
10
(1) 0° (2)90°
velocity of light?
(3) 180° (4) 0° <  < 180°
(1) 1.7  10-12 sec (2) 1.7  10-6 sec
63. In question no 62, the tension in each string is
(3) 1.7  10-8 sec (4) 1.7  10-10 sec
58. An electron moving with a speed of 5  106 m/ 1 Q2
(1) 0 (2) 
sec is shot parallel to the electric field of strength 4 0 L2
1  103 N/C arranged so as to retard its motion.
How far will the electron travel in the field before 1 Q2 1 Q2
(3)  (4) 
coming (momentarily) to rest ? 4 0 2L2 4 0 4L2
(1) 7 m (2) 70 m 64. Figure given below shows two infinite parallel
(3) 7 cm (4) 0.7 cm plane charged sheets. The ratio of the electric
59. In the above problem, how much time will field at points A and B is
elapse?
(1) 2.9  10-5 sec (2) 2.9  10-6 sec
(3) 2.9  10-7 sec (4) 2.9  10-8 sec
60. The figure shows the electric lines of force emerg-
ing from a charged body. If the electic field at A
and B are EA and EB respectively and the dis- (1) 1 (2) zero
tance between them is r, then (3) infinite (4) 2
65. In the given figure, XY is an infinite line charge
distribution. P and Q are points as shown, The
ratio of electric field at P and Q is

(1) 1 : 1 (2) 1 : 2
(1) EA > EB (2)EA < EB (3) 2 : 1 (4) 1 : 4
EB EA 2 66. A cube of side a is placed in a uniform electric
(3) E A  2 (4) E  r
r B field E = E0 î , The total electric flux through the
61. An electron having a charge e moves with a ve- cube is
locity V in X-direction. An electre field acts on it
in Y-direction. The force on the electron acts in
(1) positive direction of Y-axis
(2) negative direction of Y-axis
(3) positive direction of Z-axis
(4) negative direction of Z-axis
62. Two small balls having equal positive charge Q
(Coulomb) on each are suspended by two insu-

22
 (1) zero (2) 2a2 E0 spheres is
(3) 4a2 E0 (4) 6a2 E0 (1) E (2) 3E
67. A small ball having charge q is suspended from (3) 12 E (4) more than 12 E
a weightless inextensible string. It is placed in 70. A charge of 1 µC is placed at a point P having
a region of uniform electric electric field E = co-ordinates (2, 4). All distance are in metre. The
3  104 NC-1 as shown in the figure. In equi- electric field at O due to charge at P is
librium the string is making an angle of 30o with
the vertical. If the mass of the ball is 3 3 gram,
the charge on it is (g = 10 ms-2)

(1) 4.5  102 NC-1

(2) 4.5  102 NC-1 at an angle of tan-1 (2) with
positive x-axis
(3) 4.5  102 NC-1 at an angle of tan-¹ (2) with
y-axis
(4) 4.5  102 NC-1 at an angle of tan-¹ (2) with
negative x-axis
3 3
(1)  C (2)  C 71. A copper penny has a mass of 3.2 gm being
2 2
electrically neutral, it contains equal amounts of
(3)  1C (4)  1C positive and negative charges. A copper atom
68. (Optional) Charges are placed at the corners of has a positive charge of 4.6  10-18 coulomb
a square of side a as shown inthe following fig- and a negative charge of equal amount. Given
ure. The charge A is in equilibrium. The ratio q1/ Avogadro's number = 6  1023 atoms/gm mole
q2 is and atomic weight of copper = 64 gm. Then the
magnitude of each type of charge in the penny is
(1) 27.6  105 coulomb
(2) 1.3  1041 coulomb
(3) 4.3 x 104 coulomb
(4) 1.38  105coulomb
72. Figure shows five charged lumps of plastic and
an electrically neutral coin. The cross-section of
a Gaussian surface S is indicated. What is the
net electric flux through the surface if
(1) 1 (2) 2 q1 = q4 = +3.1 nC, q2 = q5 = -5.9 nC
1 and q3 = -3.1 nC?
(3) (4) 2 2
2
69. A metal sphere A of radius R has a charge Q on
it. The field at a point B outside the sphere is E.
Now another sphere of radius 2R having a charge
-2Q is placed at a point B. The total field at a
point mid-way between A and B due to both

23
 (1) curve (i) (2) curve (ii)
(3) curve (iii) (4) curve (iv)
76. A square plate of side 20 mm has a charge of q
(1) -666.67  109 Nm2 C-1
1
(2) -666.67 Nm2 C-1 = C placed at a distance 10 mm below the

(3) +666.67 Nm2 C-1 plate. The electric flux through the plate is
(4) -666.67  10-9 Nm2 C-1 (1) 36  103 (2) 18  103
73. Two point charges Q and - 3Q are placed at (3) 9  103 (4) 6  103
some distance apart. If the electric field at the
77. An uncharged sphere of metal is placed inside a
location of Q is E, then at the location of -3Q, it
charged parallel plate capacitor. The lines of
is
forces look like
E
(1) -E (2)
3
E
(3) -3E (4)  (1)
3
74. A positron is released from rest in a uniform
electric field of 106 newton per coulomb. Mass
of positron is 9.1  10-31 kg and charge on
positron is 1.6  10-19 coulomb. Then the ac-
celeration of the positron is (2)
-50
(1) 14.56  10 m/sec² along the field direc-
tion
(2) 1.8  1017 m/sec² along the field direction
(3) 1.8  1017 m/sec² opposite to the field di-
rection (3)
56
(4) 14.56  10 m/sec² opposite to the field di-
rection
75. The electric dipole is situated in an electric field
as shown in figure. The dipole and electric field
are both in the plane of the paper. The dipole is
rotated about an axis perpendicular to plane of (4)
paper passing through A in anticlockwise direc-
tion. If the angle of rotation (  ) is measured with
respect to the direction of electric field, then the 78. A metallic sphere is placed in a uniform electric
torque (  ) experienced by the dipole for differ- field. The lines of forces follow the path(s) shown
ent value of the angle of rotation  will be rep- in the figure as
resented by curve

24
 (3) will not return back to the equilibrium posi-
tion
(4) will stop at equilibrium position
84. Equal and similar charges are placed at four
corners of a square. How many neutral points in
(1) 1 (2) 2 its plane canbe
(3) 3 (4) 4 (1) 4 (2) 3
79. Four charges each of 2  c are kept at x = 0, 2, (3) 2 (4) 1
4, 8 cm. The coulombian force acting on charge 85. Mark the incorrect statement
kept at x = 2 cm will be (1) Electric field intensity due to non-conducting
(1) 5 Newton (2) 2.5 Newton charged solid sphere at a point outside the
(3) 10.0 Newton (4) zero
sphere is R 3 / 3 0 r 2
80. A duetron and an  -particle are situated at a
distance of 1   in air. The magnitude of the in- (2) Electric field intensity at a point on its surface
due to an insulating charged solid sphere will
tensity of electric field exlperienced by the  -
particle due to the duetron will be be R / 3 0
(1) zero (2) 2.88  1011 N/C (3) Electric field intensity due to an insulating
(3) 1.44  1011 N/C (4) 4.76  1011 N/C charged solid sphere at a point loeated inside
the surface at a distance 'r’ from the centre
81. Two similar spheres having + q and - q charges
are kept at a certain distance.F force acts be- of sphere will be r / 3 0 .
tween the two. If in the middle of two spheres, (4) Electric field intensity due to a solid insulating
another similar sphere having + q charge is kept, charged sphere, at points inside the sphere will
then the force it experiences in magnitude and be zero
direction is 86. The intensity of electric field at a point (30, 30.
(1) zero having no direction 0) due to a charge of 0.008  C kept at the ori-
(2) 8 F towards + q charge gin will be(If all the distances are measured in
(3) 8 F towards -q charge cm)
(4) 4 F towards + q charge (1) 800 NC-1 (2) 4000.(i + j)NC-1
82. Two charges 4 q and q are placed 30 cm apart. (3) 200. 2 (i + j)NC-1
At what point the value of electric field will be
zero (4) 400. 2 (i + j)NC-1
(1) 10 cm away from q and between the charges
87. An area 5  10-3 ˆj m2 is kept in a uniform elec-
(2) 20 cm away from q and between the charges
(3) 10 cm away from q and outside the line join- tric field of intensity 20î  30ˆj volt/m. The quan-
ing the charges tity of flux which passes through it, will be
(4) 10 cm away from 4q and outside the line (1) 150 volt  m (2) 15 volt  m
joining them (3) 0.150 volt  m (4) zero
83. Two charges of equal magnitude q are placed at 88. Four charges are arranged at the corners of a
distance 2 a. Another charge q of mass m, is square ABCD as shown in figure below. The
placed midway between the two charges on X- force onthe charge kept at the centre O is
axis. If this charge is displaced from equilibrium
state to a distance x (x << a), then the particle
(1) will execute simple harmonic motion about
equilibrium position
(2) will be oscillating about equilibrium position

25
 92. If a charge -150 nC is given to a concentric
spherical shell and a charge +50 nC is placed at
its centre then the charge on inner and outer sur-
face of the shell is
(1) -50 nC, -100 nC (2) +50 nC, -200 nC
(3) -50 nC, -200 nC (4) 50 nC, 100 nC
93. Two point charges exert a force F on each other
(1) zero when they are placed r distance apart in air.
(2) Along the diagonal AC When they are placed R distance apart in a me-
(3) Along the diagonal BD dium of dielectric constant K, they exert the same
(4) Perpendicular to side AB force. The distance R equals
89. Figure below show regular hexagons, with r r
charges at the vertices. In which case is the elec- (1) (2)
K K
tric field at the centre is not zero?
(3) rK (4) r K
94. Two particles, each of mass m and carrying
charges Q, are separated by some distance. If
they are in equilibrium under mutual gravitational
and electrostatic forces then Q/m (in C/kg) is of
the order of
(1) 10-5 (2) 10-10
(3) 10-15 (4) 10-5-20

q1
95. If q1 + q2 = q, then the value of the ratio , for
q
which the force between q1 and q2 is maximum
90. A positively charged glass rod is placed near the is
disc of uncharged gold leaf electroscope. The (1) 0.25 (2) 0.75
leaves diverge Which of the following statement (3) 1 (4) 0.5
is correct?
96. A charge Q is fixed at each of two opposite
(1) No charge is present on the leaves corners of a square. A charge q is placed at
(2) Positive charge is induced on the leaves each of the other two corners. If the resultant
(3) Negative charge is induced on the leaves electric force on Q is zero, then Q and q are
(4) Positive charge is induced on one half and related as
negative charge is induced on the other leaf (1) Q = 2 q (2) Q = -2 2 q
91. A spherical Gaussian surface encloses a charge
(3) Q = - 2 q (4) Q= 2 2 q
of 8.85  10-8 C. (i) Calculate the electric flux
passing through the surface. (ii) If the radius of 97. A spherical conducting shell of inner radius r1
the Gaussian surface is doubled, how would the and outer radius r2 has a charge Q. A charge -q
flux change? is placed at the centre of the shell. The surface
-4 2 -1
(1) 10 Nm C (ii) No change charge density on the inner and outer surfaces of
(2) 104 Nm2 C-1 (ii) No change the shell will be

(3) 104 Nm2 C-1 (i) Change q Q

(1) 2
and
(4) 10-4 Nm2 C-1 (i) Change 4r1 4r22

26
 q Qq
(2) 2
and
4r1 4r22

q Qq
(3) 2
and
4r1 4r22
Qq
(4) 0 and
4r22
98. They is a uniform electric field of strength 103 V
m-1 along y-axis. A body of mass 1g and charge
10-6 C is projected into the field from the origin
along the positive x-axis with a velocity of 10 m
s-1. Its speed (in m s-1) after 10 s will be (neglect
gravitation)
(1) 10 (2) 5 2
(3) 10 2 (4) 20
99. A charged oil drop of mass 9.75  10-15 kg and
charge 30  10-16 C is suspended in a uniform
electric field existing between two parallel plates.
The field between the plates is (Take g = 10 m s-
2
)
(1) 3.25 V m-1 (2) 300 V m-1
-1
(3) 325 V m (4) 32.5 V m-1
100. Consider a uniform electric field E = 3  103 î
N/C. what is the flux of this field through a square
of side 10 cm if the normal to its plane makes a
60o angle with the x-axis?
(1) 10 NC-1 m2 (2) 15 NC-1 m2
(3) 20 NC-1 m2 (4) 25NC-1 m2

27
 Solutions
% change in distance
1.  = Hee2 n = 2 (2e-)
Q =  ne  d  d 
=   100
 d 
Q = 2  1.6  10-19 C
Q = + 3.2  10-19 C  0 .7 d  d 
=   100
2. Q = + 1.6  10-19 +(-1.6  10-19 )  d 

= 1.6  10-19 - 1.6  10-19 0.3d

=   100
Q=0 d
3.  =  0  R =  0K = - 30%
-12 (- ve sign indicates that distance is decreased)
 = 8.8  10  4
-12 kQ1Q 2
 = 35.2  10
6. F =
-11 2
 = 3.54  10 C /Nm
2 d2

4. Q1 = Q2 = Q 9 109 1.6 1019  2 1.6 1019


F  Q1 Q2  Q2 0.53  0.53 1010 1010
Q2  F
9 1.6  2 1.6 1029 102

Q  F 0.53  0.53 10 20 10 4

Q F 2F 9 16  2 16 1031

   2 
Q F F 53  53 10 24

Q = 2 Q = 1.4Q 32  8 10 31 24


% change in charge = ? 53  3

 Q  Q   1.41Q  Q  256
      100  10 7
 Q   Q  53  3
= 1.6  10-7 N (approx)
 0.41Q
 
=   100  (0.41) 100 kQ1Q 2
 Q   7. F 
d2
= 41%
kQ1Q 2
kQ2 1 d
5. F  2
F 2 F
d d

1 9 10 9 110 6 110

d 
F 900 105

d F F 1 9 10 99
   
d F 2F 2 9 10 3

d d  103  10 10 m
d    0.7d
2 1.4

28
  10 3.14  10   256  10 22 2
=
d = 31.6 m 53  53
8. Each charge experience force equal to the wt of 256
the other =  10  24
2809
kQ1Q 2 = 0.09  10+24
F = mg
d2
~
 11023 m / s 2
9 19 2
9 10  (1.6  10 )
=  1.6 10  27  10 kQ1Q 2 kQ 2
x2 10. F   2
d2 d
9 109  (1.6 1019 ) 2
x2  Fd 2
1.6 10 26  Q2
k
9 10 9  (1.6 10 19 ) 2
x Fd 2
1.6 10 27 Q
k
3  3  1.6 1.6  10 9 27 38
x F
4 4 ne  d
k
3  1 .6
x 103638 d F
4 n
e k
3  1.6
x 10 2
4 1 1000
 19

3  1 .6 1.6  10 9 10 9
x  10 1
4
110 19 10 6
 
4 .8 1.6 3 3
x 10 1
4
10 19  10 3
x  1.2 10 1 
1.6  3
x = 0.12 m
10 16
F kQ1Q 2 
9. a   2 4.8
m d m
10  10 15
9 19
9 10 1.6 10 1.6 10 19 
= 5
0.53  0.53 1020  9.11031
= 2  10+15
1.6  1.6  10 2951 11.
=
0.53  0.53 2C -4C
F1 = 10 N F = ?
16  16  10 22
=
0.53  0.53 kQ1Q 2
F F  Q1Q 2
d2

29
 2
 Q  Q2  dm 1
F   1  
 2  =
da 18
2
F  Q1Q 2  1  10 E 2
  
F  2  2 4
da
2
dm 
F   2  1 9
  
F  2  8 dm = 9cm = 1cm
dm = 1cm
F 1
 14.
F 8
q > Q, and q is positive
F 10 (the field around q is greater than Q. The field
F    1.25 N
8 8 is emerging from q)
F  1.25N 15. n  18.75 1018
FBA F = 1.5 N E=?
12. F  ?  
CA
F  qE
kQ1Q 2 
F  F 1.5
d2 E 
q ne
1
F 1.5
d2 
18.75 1.6 1019 1018
2
FBA  CA  1500
  
FCA  BA  1875 16 101
2 1500 10
FBA  a 2  FBA
 
FCA  d 
= F   2
2 
1875 16
CA
15000
FBA FBA 2 
2  1875  16
FCA = FCA 1
15000

Fmed 30000
13. Fair 
K
1N

kQ 1Q 2 kQ 1Q 2 2C
2
 2
da dm  K E = 0.5 N/C

dm
2
1 16. s = ut + 1/2 at2 (u = 0)

da2 K
2s
t
2 a
 dm  1
  
 da  18

30
 2  5 102  9.11031 x2 1
t 
1.6 1019 1 (a  x ) 2 4

9.110 10 33 x 1

t 
ax 2
1.6 10 19
2x = a-x
32
9 10 2x +x = a
t
16 1020 3x = a
x = a/3
3  3  10 12 distance from 6 micro coulomb charge = a/3
t
4 4 19.
t  0.75 106 s
t  0.75s
17. “Neutral Point”
E1 = E2

kQ1 kQ 2
 2
d12 d2 ERes = 0
(Due to symmetry of charges)
81 9
2
 A & C and B & D apply equal & opp forces.
x ( x  9) 2
20.
2
 x 9 9 1 E OA  E OC  E R1
   
 x  81 9
3kQ 3kQ
E R1  2

 x 9 1
2 (a / 2 ) (a / 2 ) 2
  
 x  9
E R1 
 
 3kQ  2 2 
 2
x 9 1  a 2 
  
x 3
3(x-9) = x 6  2kQ
E R1 
3x -27 = x a2
-27 = -2x
12kQ
x = 13.5 cm E R1 
a2
18. E1 = E2
E OB  E OD  E R 2
kQ1 kQ 2
 2
d12 d2 kQ kQ
ER2  2

(a / 2 ) (a / 2 ) 2
4e e

(a  x ) 2
(x)2 2kQ 2kQ
ER2   2
a2 a

31
 4kQ E Re s  E12  E 22  2E1E 2 cos 
ER2 
a2
E Re s  E 2  E 2  2E 2 cos 90o
E Re s  E12  E 22  2E1E cos 
E Re s  E12  E 22  2E1E 2 cos 90 E Re s  2E 2

12AQ 4kQ ERes  E 2

E R1  2
 3 2
a a
4kQ
E Re s   2
E R1  3E R 2 a2

E Re s  (3E ) 2  ( E ) 2  3( E )( 3E )( O ) E Re s 
4 2kQ
a2
 9E 2  E 2  0 22.
 10E 2
= E  3.14
= 3.14 E
3.14  4  k  Q

a2

kQ
E Re s  12.56
a2
Since the resultant field of B & C is equal &
21. opposite to A
 Eo  0
(SYMMETRY OF CHARGES)
23.

E R1  E OC  E OA

kQ kQ
ER2  2

(a / 2 ) (a / 2 ) 2

2kQ 2kQ ‘EQUILIBRIUM’

ER2   2
a2 a
T qE 2  mg 2
4kQ
ER2  Tcos  = mg Tsin  = qE
a2
E R 2  E OB  E OD qE
tan  =
mg
4kQ
ER2   qE 
a2   tan 1  
 mg 
E R1  E R 2  E

32
24. qE = mg
2
d  V  g = qE 1 1  qE 
(d = density) KE  m  at2   m    t 
2 2 m 
qE
V
dg 1 q 2E2 t 2
KE  m
2 m
4 3 qE
r 
3 dg 1 q 2E 2 t 2
KE 
2 m
qE  3
r3 
4  dg q2
KE 
m
1.6 1019 10  3 104
r3 
4  3.14 1.5 103 10 KE  q  2 mp
 
KEp m  q 2p
1018 4  0.4 1000
r3 
3.14  0.5 104 10 KE  (2e) 2 mp
  2
KEp p e
4 1014 2
r3 
314  5 104
KE  4e 2  mp

2  10 124 KEp mp  e 2
r3 
157  5
KE  1

2 KEp 1
r 3  10 16 
157  5
26. (i) Same initial velocity
40.0 (more curved = more y for same x.)
r 3  10 18 
157
1 2
y at
40 2
r 3  10 18 
157
 x  ut 
1 qE 2  x 
40 y t t  
r  3 10 18  2 m  u 
157

 40 
1/ 3 1 qE x 2
6
r  10    m y
 157  2 m u2

1
r  6.3 107 m y
m
KE 
25. ? ye > yp
KEp
(2) same initial KE
1 1 2
KE  mv 2 y at
2 2
 v  u  at 
 v  at  1 qE x 2
  y  (2KE =mu2)
2 m u2

33
 1 qEx 2 pRes  p 3
y
2  2KE
29.
ye = yp
kp
(3) same initial momentum E BSO 
d3
1 2
y at
2 9 1019  2.4 106  2.5 103
E BSO 
2 1.5 1.5 1.5 109
1 qE x 2
y 
2 m u2 9  2.4  2.5 109
E BSO 
1.5 1.5 1.5 101
1 qEx 2 m
y
2 mu 2 m 9  24  25  10 91
E BSO 
15  15  15
1 qEx 2 m
y
2 (p) 2 24  1010  2
E BSO 
30
ym
yp > ye 16
E BSO   1010
27. 10

E BSO  1.6 1010 N / C

E endon
30.  E BSO
2

E endon  2E BSO
p = q L
 2 1.6 1010
=q  L 2
 3.2 1010
= 2 qL C-m
28. 2pk
31. E endon 
r3
pk
E BSO 
r3
Given
E BSO  2E endon
p Re s  p12  p 22  2p1p 2 cos 
p1k 4p 2 k
 3
2 2
p Re s  p  p  2p cos 60 2 r13 r2

1 p1 r13
p Re s 2
 2p  2p  2 
2 4p 2 r23

p Re s  3p 2

34
 3
p1 r  3.75 105  20
 4 1  
p2  r2  3 104 10

3 = 2.5  101
p1  r 
 4  =25
p2  2r 

4 1
(20) 2

 l2
2
 25

2 2 2 (10) 2
l 
2 2

1 202  l 2
  25  5
2 102  l 2
Pendon 400 - l2 = 5 (100 - l2)
PBSO 
2 400 - l2 = 500 - 5l2
32. E BSO  E endon +4l2 = 100
(p : same)
l2  25
kp 2kp
 3 l 2  25
r13 r2
l = 5 cm
3 length of the dipole = 2l = 10 cm
 r1  1
  
 r2  2 kQ kQ
34. E  L2  L2
3
 y 1
   2kQ
x 2 E (p =q  2L, q = p/2L)
L2
1/ 3
y  1 2kp / L
  
x  2 
2L2
1 
y/x  1/ 3 kp
2 E 3
L
33.
2pkr Q
E Q
(r  l 2 ) 2
2

kQ q
r r2
E 2 2 2
(r  l ) 35. -q -q

E1 r1 r22  l 2
 
 
2

E 2 r2 r12  l 2 2   Since the direction of net force and displace-

ment is same
r
2
2
 l2 E r
 1 2

2

 it is unstable eqb.
r
1
2 2

 l 2 E 2 r1

35
36. Since F & x are opp.

kQ q
 stable eqb.
r2 40.
F
Q Q
 q0
Since F & x are in the same direction
Q
 unstable eqb.
  
kQq 41.   p  E
Since mg is same and decreases (as r is
r2  = pE sin 
increasing)

 The net force is vertically down wards when p
the particle is displaced vertically up  F & x E sin 
acts opp to each other

 stable eqb. qL 
E sin 
F F 
unstable stable q=
E sin   L
37.
4 3
F q
2 10  sin 60  4  2 102
5

Q Q
32
q
4 103  3
Since F & x are opposite to each other
 It is stable eqb. 1
  10 3
38. 2
=0.5  10-3
F
F q = 5  10-4 C
F
42.

Q Q

Since F & x are in the same direction

 unstable eqb.
39.
  EA1  EA 2  EA CS
   EA  EA (EACS = 0)
F F 0
F RES
43. E = 300V/m (-j)
Q Q
 =?

36
 (Earth is like a conducting sheet of charge)
Nm 2
   10 8
E C
0
46.
  E 0

= 300  8.8  10-12

= 26.4  10-10
= 2.64  10-9 C/m2
Qenclosed
44.   0 (i) E at 5 cm
10  10 6 Qenclosed
 E 0 (Qenclosed = 0)
8.86 10 12 0  A

10 (ii) E at 10 cm
  10  6
8.86
Qenclosed
E AGS 
0
Nm 2
 1.13  10  6
C
5  3.3 10 10
E  4 (10  10  2 ) 2 
45. 0

1 5 3.31010
Q E 
40 (101)2

Q = 5mC = 5  10-3 C 16.5 10 10

 9  10  9 
10  2
Qenclosed
  148.5  10 1
0
= 1485 N/C
5  10 3 (iii) E at 15 cm
 (for 6 faces)
0
E  AGS  Qencl. /  0
3
5  10
For 6 faces,   E  4 (15 102 ) 2  (20  5)3.3 1010
0
1 25  3.3  10 10
5  10 3 E 
for 1 face,   6   4 0 15 15 10  4
0
1.1
E  9  10 9   10  6
0.83  10 3 3

0
E  6.6  10  3
0.83 10 3 2 E = 6600 N/C
 12 1
8.8 10
qE
83  10 5

88  10 13 47.
  4 C / m 2
  110513
“DOES NOT FALL = EQUILIBRIUM”

37
 qE  mg 10 10  2  1.6  1.6 10 38
F
10 30
mg
q
E F  2.56  2 10 28 30

5  10 9  10 F  5  10 2 N
 ( NCS )
 / 2 0 50. q = ne

5  10 8  2  8.8  10 12  6  1.6  10 2319

 6
4  10  9.6  10  4 C

2.2 10 812  10 kQ1Q2

 6
F
10 d2

 2.2 10 19  6 9 10  9  9.6  9.6  10 8

F
q  2.2 1013 C (2  6400 103 ) 3

48. 9  9.6  9.6  10 17

F
2  64  1010  2  64

9  24  96  1017
F
64  64 1010  2

9  24  96  1017 12
F
64  64
Qenclosed O
(i) E A  0  A

0  A 9 63
F  10 5
32
EA = 0
(ii) a < r < b 99
F  10 5
16
2
EB 
r 81
F  10 5
16
2 p1
EB 
r F  5 10 5 N
(iii) r > b kQ1Q2
51. (i) F  F  Q1Q2
2  22 d2
EC  1
r F   Q1Q2
2 ( p1  p 2 ) F   2Q1 2Q1
EC 
r
F   4Q1Q2
238
49. 92 U  234
 4
90Th  2 
F   4F
r  9  10 15
m Q1 = 90 (e) kQ1Q2
(ii) F 
F=? Q2 = 2 (e) d2

kQ1Q2 1
F F
d 2 d2
2 2
9 109  90  2  (e) 2 F  d   d 
F (e = 1.6  10-19)    
9 1015  9 1015 F  d  d /2

38
 2
 2d 
 
10-4 g solid has  5  1021  10-4
 d 
= 5  1017 atoms
F  F  4 Q = ne
kQ1Q2 = 5  1017  1.6  10-19
(iii) F  2
d
= 8  10-2
1
F = +0.08
d2
(electrons are being removed)
2
F  d  54.
 
F  d 

70.7
d  d
100
= 0.707 d
2
F  d 
 
F  0.707d 
T=? E = 20  103 V/m
2
F  1  m = 80  10-6 g
 
F  0.707 
= 8  10-8 kg
F
 1.42 Q = 2  10-8 C
F

F T  (mg ) 2  (qE ) 2
F
  2 2

T  (80  10 9  10) 2  (2  10 8  2 10 4 ) 2

F
2
F T  (8  10 7 ) 2  (4  10 4 ) 2
F   2F
T  64  10 14  16  10 8
52. F  E  q FE

2 pk T  0.064  10 11  16000  10 11

E (for short dipole)
r3
T  16000 .064  10 11
1
E F
r3 T  160000 .64  10 12

F  r   r 
3
1
3 T  400  10 6
    
F  r    2r  2 2 2 T  4  10 6  2

F T  4  10 4 N
F 
8 55.
53. 100%  1g +Q
-Q
1%  1/100g B
+Q

1 A
0.01%   0.01  10  4 g
100

1g solid has  5  1021 atom

39
 (i) Inside A v = u + at
Qencl
 0 v
0 t
a
  0  EA
vm
t
E  0 qE
(ii) outside B
3 107  9.11031
Since we have earthed B there is no +Q t
1.6 1019 106
charge on the surface of B
 net encl. charge = +Q -Q = 0 t
18
 10  24 19
 =0 1  10 6

 E=0 t  18  10 5 6

(iii) Qenclosed = +Q -Q = 0 t  18  10 11

E = 0 t  1.8  10 10 s
(iv) ans.
t  1.7 1010 s
Qenclosed
  EA 
0
58. 2as  v 2  u 2 (v2 = 0)

 u2
1 Q s
E  2a
4 0 r2
 u 2m

2   q E
R R
56. u 2m

2qE
New look
5  5  1012  9.110 31

2  1.6 10 19  1 10 3

d 25  9.1 10 19

2  1.6 10 19 1103
d  r
25  9.1 10 3
kQ1Q2 
F 2  1 .6
d2
25  91
1   10 3
F 2  16
d2
Since d decrease, F increase 25  91
  10 3
32
 Magnitude of F will be greater than
 71 10 3 m
1 q2
4 0 r 2  71 10 1 cm
 7.1cm
1
57. v   3 108  7cm
10
59. v  u  at
= 3  107 m/s
 u  at

40
  u  um kQ 2
t  63. T 
a  qE 2l 2
um
t 1 Q2
qE T 
4  4l 2

5  10 6  9.1 10 31

1.6  10 19  10 3 64.At A,
5  91 EA  
  10  25319   0
16 2  2 
455
  10  2819   2 
16 EB   
2  2  2  
 28  10 9
EA 0
8  0
 2.9 10 sec EB   

2  k
60. Since lines of force are more crowded near A 65. E P 
a
(1)EA>EB
2
EQ  k
a

E P 2k a
 
EQ a 2k

EP
 1:1
- EQ
61. Since force on e acts in opposite direction to
the direction of field. 66. As there is no charge enclosed therefore
electric flux = 0
E ( j) 67. T sin   qE
u (i )
T cos   mg
qE
T tan  
mg

 Force on the e- acts in negative diretion of y-

qE
axis. T tan 30 
mg

1 qE

3 mg
62.
mg
q
qE  FE  3E
tan    
mg  FG 
3  3 10 3  10

qE 3  3 10 4
tan  
m0 
 10  2 4
tan   
 10 6
  180

41
  1C 4.5 10 2 at an angle of tan 1 2 with negative x-
68. q1 q 2  ? axis.
Resultant Force for B and D Calculation of E
2 2 kQ
 Kq 1 q 2   Kq 1 q 2  E
FR 2  1 2
  1 2
 r2
 a   a 

 Kq 1 q 2 
2 9 109 110 6
FR 2
 2  
 a
2
  2 4 
2 2
2

FR  2 F 2
9  103
 2
FR  F 2 2  42

Kq 1 2 Kq 1 2 9 103
FCA   
a 2  2
a2  2 20

For equilibrium at A  4.5 10 2

FR  FCA 71.w=3.2g
M=64g
Kq 1 2
F 2 
a2  2 w 32
no. of moles (n)= =
m 640
Kq 1 q 2 Kq 1 2
2  n=0.05
a2 2a 2
1 mole has  N atoms
q1 0.05 moles has  N  0.05 atoms
2 2
q2
= 6  10 23  0.05
69.Field on B due to A (before)
= 0.30  10 23 atoms
KQ Total charge = charge on 1 atom  Total no. of
E
L2 atoms
KQ K 2Q   4.6  10 18  0.3  10 23
ER  2
 2
r 2 r 2
1.38  10 5
4 KQ KQ
ER   2 4 Qenclosed
L2 L2 72.   0
4 KQ KQ
 2
8
L L2 q1  q2  q3

KQ
0
 12
L2
3.1109  5.9 109  3.1109
=12E 
8.85 1012
70. As E is same in all the options, we shall not
bother about it = -666.67 Nm2/C
y 4 73.
tan    2
x 2 E at-3Q charge
  tan 1 2

42
 1  10 6
K  3Q  3KQ 
E at A = = =E 
r2 r2 8.86  6  10 12
E at B,
1    3.14 
   2    0.314 
K Q      10 10 
E 
r2
0.314  10 6
KQ 
= 8.86  6  10 12
2
r
0.052 10 126
E  KQ r 2 
 2  8.86
E r  3KQ
52
  10  6 3
E 8.86
E 
3
52
  10 3
8.86
74. Positron - antiparticle of electron
 5.9 10 3
19
q  1.610 C
 6 103 N  m 2 C
qE 1.6 10 19  10 6 77.
acc  
m 9.1 10 31
field lines appear to be entering / leaving
16 radially.
  10 13 31
91

16 78.(40) field lines appear to be coming in/out

  1018
91 radially

 1.8  1017 m s 2 KQ1Q2  

9  10 9 2  10  6
2

79. F20  
along the direction of field (as +ve charge d2 2 10 
2 2 2

experience force in the direction of field)

9 10 9  4  10 12
75.   p  E 
4  10  4
 pE sin   9  10 3 4
when   0  90 N
  pE sin 0  0
F24 
KQ3Q2


9  10 9 2  10 6 
2

when   90 d2 2 10  2 2

  pE sin 90  pE
 90 N
This is only represented correctly by curve(ii)

76. q  1  10 6 C F28 
KQ4Q2


9  10  9 2  10  6 
2

 d2 6 10  2 2

Qenclosed
 (for 6 faces) 9  4 10  9 12
 
36  10  4
Qenclosed
for 1 face    10 3 4
6 
 101 N
Fnet  F20  F24  F28

43
  90  90  10 condition for SHM
 10 N 84. Only 1 neutral point is possible in a plane
(along x-axis) enc Q
80.E at  =? 85. (1) EA  


9 10 9  1.6  10 19 4

E   R 3
1110 10 10 10 E  4r  2 3

9  10 10 1.6

10 10 10 10 R 3
E
3  r 2
 9 1.6  10 10

 14.4 1010 enc Q

(2) EA  

 1.44 1011 N C
4
  R 3
E  4r  2 3
Kq 2 
81. F  2 (eq.1)
d
R
E
3 
Kq 2 Kq 2
Fnet   Q
d 22 d 22 (3) EAGS  
enc

4 Kq 4 KQ
  4
d 2
d2   r 3
E  4r  2 3
KQ 
8
d2
r
From eq(1) E
3 
Fnet=8F
(4) Electric field intensity due to insulating
8F towards -q charge
charged solid sphere at an internal point is not
82.E1=E2
r
0, infact
KQ1 KQ2 3 
2

r1  r2 2 4 is the incorrect statement
4q q KQ 9  10 19  0.008  10 6

30  x  2
x2 86. E  
r2 30 2  10  2 
2
 
4 x 2  30  x  2
9  8  10  9  10 6  10  3

900  2  10  4
4x 2  30  x  2

4
2 x  30  x   4  100  400 N
10  2
3x  30
(from q charge) E  E Eˆ
x  10cm
83. Since F and x are opposite it is clear that
middle charge is in stable eqb and x << a is a

44
 
ˆ E 30i  30 j
E 
E 302  302
30i  j 

900  900

30i  j  Here there is no symmtery of charges therefore


1800 field is not zero.
90.
30i  j 

2  900

30 i  j 

30 2

E  E Eˆ

 400 
i  j   2
2 2
Positive charge is induced on the leaves due to
400  2 induction.
 i  j 
2 Qenclosed
91. i)   0
 200 2 i  j  N C

87. A  5 103 ˆj 8.85 108


E  20iˆ  30 ˆj 8.85 1012
 
  E. A  1104
=104 Nm2/C
 (20i  30 j ).(5 103 j )
ii) It will be same as charge enclosed is still the
 150  10 3 same
 0.15 volt m 92.
88.
-50nC
-150nC
+50nC
+50nC

Inner surface = - 50 nC
Outer surface = -150 + 50
k ( 2q ) k ( 2q )
F  = - 100 nC
a / 2  a / 2 
2 2

93. r 1 = r r2 = R
2k ( 2q )  2 K1 = 1 K2 = K
F
a2 Fair = Fmed
8kq Kq1q 2 Kq1q 2
F Along diagonal BD 
a2 r12 K (R ) 2
89.

45
 r2 q1 1
R2    0.5
K q 2

r kqQ
R 96. FBA  F
K a2
94. kqQ
FDA  F
FE = FG a2

kQ 2 GM 2 FR  F 2  F 2  2 F 2  cos 90o
 2
d2 d
FR  2F 2
2
Q G
  
m k 2kQq
FR  F 2 
a2
Q G

m k kQ 2 kQ 2
FCA  
( a 2 ) 2 2a 2
6.67 1011 For force at A to be 0,

9 109 FCA + FR= 0
1 FCA = FR
 6.67  10 20
3
kQ2 2kQq
1 2

  10 10 6.67 2a a2
3
Q = -2 2 q
 1010
97.
95.
q1 + q2 = q
q Qq
q2 = q - q1 inner  out 
4r12 4r22
kQ1Q 2
F F  Q1Q 2 98. v = u + at (no initial velocity in y- direction 
d2 u = 0)
(differenciating the unknown with the variable)
[on differenciating maximum we get 0] qE  t  10 6  103 
v  0  0   3
10

m  10 
dF d[q1 (q  q1 )]
 0
dq dq1 v = (10-6  10-6)10
v = 1  10 = 10 j
d[q1q  q12 ]

dq1 v R  v(i) 2  v( j) 2

0 = q - 2q1 v R  10 2  10 2
q = 2q1
v R  200

v R  2  10  10

46
 v R  10 2 m / s
99. ‘suspended = equilibrium’
qE = mg
mg
E
q

9.75 1015 10


30 1016

9.75
  10
3
= 32.5 V/m
100.  = EA cos 
= 3  103  (10  10  10-4)  cos60o
1
= 3  103  10-2 
2
= 1.5  101
= 15 Nm2/C

47
 Answer key

1-2 2-3 3-2 4-3 5-1 6-1 7-1 8-4 9-2 10-3

11-1 12-2 13-4 14-3 15-3 16-2 17-2 18-3 19-3 20-3

21-3 22-1 23-3 24-2 25-4 26-1 27-2 28-2 29-2 30-2

31-3 32-1 33-1 34-1 35-2 36-3 37-3 38-2 39-3 40-2

41-1 42-1 43-3 44-1 45-1 46-4 47-1 48-4 49-1 50-2

51-3 52-4 53-1 54-2 55-4 56-2 57-4 58-3 59-4 60-1

61-2 62-3 63-4 64-2 65-1 66-1 67-3 68-4 69-3 70-4

71-4 72-2 73-4 74-2 75-3 76-4 77-3 78-4 79-3 80-3

81-3 82-1 83-1 84-4 85-4 86-3 87-3 88-3 89-2 90-2

91-2 92-1 93-1 94-3 95-4 96-2 97-3 98-3 99-4 100-2

48
 TOPIC - ELECTROSTATICS
1. Correct matching for charge present on the
following is: 1
(1) 4.5 times (2) times
(a) He24 atom (e) + 2e (i) -1 e
4.5
(3) 4.5 times (4) Nahi ban raha
(b) He+ ion (f) - 2e
7. Disc and leaves of a gold leaf electroscope are
(c) He++ ion (g) + 1e
already positively charged and the leaves show
(d) SO4 (h) zero some divergence. A positively charged glass rod
is now brought near the Disc. Divergene of the
(1) a - e; b - g; c - e; d - f leaves
(2) a - h; b - g; c - e; d- f (1) increases (2) decreases
(3) a - h; b-i; c-f; d-e (3) unchanged (4) How does it matter
(4) none 8. Total no. of electrons in the followng is (Match)
2. Which of the following is correct value for  0 : (a) H (e) 0
(b) He+ (f) 1
2
C (c) Na +
(g) 8
(1) 8.85  10-12 2
N m (d) C-- (h) 10
(1) a - e; b - e; c - e; d - e
1 N  m2 (2) a - g; b - g; c - f; d - f
(2)
4  9  109 C 2 (3) a - f; b - f; c - h; d - g
(3) 1 CGS unit (4) a - a; b - f; c - g; d - h
(4) Both 1 & 2 9. Match correctly the expression of force in SI units:
3. Two identical spheres are separately charged to (A) F (in air) (B)F (in medium)
+9  C & -3  C. They are touched and again
separated. Final charges respectively are 1 Q1Q2 1 Q1Q2
(C) (D)
(1) 6  C, 6  C (2) 3  C, 3  C 4  d 2 4 0 d 2
(3) 0,0 (4) None
k Q1Q2
4.Minimum possible force between two charged 1 Q1Q2 2
objects kept 1 cm apart in air is : (Given 1e = (E) 2 (F) K d
k d
1.6  10-19 C)
(1) 23  10-29 N (2) 23  10-27 N (1) A-D, B-F (2) A-B, C-D, F-A, A-C
-25
(3) 23  10 N (4) Information insufficient (3) B-C, B-E, D-B (4) None
5. Two charges of 3  C & 7  C repel each other 10. The equal positive charges are kept at two ver-
with a force F. What will be the new force of tices of an equilateral triangle A. Third charge of
repulsion, if each charge is doubled & distance negative sign is kept at the centroid of the tri-
between them is made 4 times. angle. Force of attraction on the charge at the
(1) F (2) F/2 (3) F/4 (4) centroid due to each of the charge at the vertex
4F is F. Resultant force on the charge at the cen-
troid is:
6. Two charges q & -q attract each other with a
force F. Magnitude of each charge is made 3 (1)F (2) 2F
times. How should the distance between them (3) F 3 (4) None of these
the changed such that new force of attraction is
2F
49
11. Four equal charges 'q' are kept at the corners of
axis.
a square of side 'a'. Another charge, -5q is kept
at the centre. Identify the correct statements (4) Force experienced by the e  kept at P is :
(1) Net force on each charge at the corner is kQe
 2 iˆ
zero. r
(2) Net force on the charge at the centre is zero, 16. E =F/q : correct statement is :
(3) Net force on the system of charges is zero (1) E is propotional to 1/q
(4) Centre of the square is a neutral point (2) Unit of E is newton as q is a Unit charge
(1) a, b (2) a, b, c (3) b (4)b, c,d (3) [E] = [M1L1T-1A-1]
12. Which of the following incorrectly represents
(4) E = kF/q is incorrect (where, k is the pro-
the direction of E at point P
portional constant of coulomb’s law)
P
E
17. Incorrect statement is:
E
P (1) If angle between two intensities E1 & E2 is 
(1) (2)
their resultant is E12  E22  2 E1 E2 cos 

(2) If E1  E2  E &   60 o E R  E 3
P P

(3) (4) (3) If F1  F2  F &   90 o FR  F 2

Q  Q + -

13. A positively charged glass rod is brought near (4) If F1  F2  F &   120 o , resultant is F and
uncharged earthed sphere. After some time the makes an angle of 30o with either of them.
glass rod is taken away & also the sphere is dis-
18. Incorrect staement is:
connected from earthing circuit Which of the fol-
lowing is correct regarding final charge on the (1) A neutron is projected in an electrical field E
sphere with some inital velocity v. In time ‘t’ distance
travelled by it is given by vt.
(1) Neutral
(2) Positive, uniformly distributed (2) An e  and proton are released from rest. As
(3) Negative, crowded at the end which was they approach each other, magnitude of their
nearer to glass rod accelerations go on increasing
(4) Negative, uniformly distributed on outer slot (3) A charge 'q' in a field 'E' experiences a force
qE. If E is changing with time then particle
14. Two partiles of mass ‘m’ have identical like charge
undergoes consant acceleration motion given
+q each. Coulomb force between them is equal
by a = qE/m
to gravitational force. Value of q/m is:
(4) If a charged particle 'q' is released from rest
(1) 4 0 G (2) 4 0 / G in a field E, time taken by it to travel a given
(3) G / 4 0 (4) None of these distance is propotional to m

+Q -e
19. Incorrect statement is
15. (0,0)r (1) Like charges repel so lines of force due to
P X-axis
Which of the following is incorrect like charges also appear to repel sideways
kQ ˆ (2) Unlike charges attract, so lines of force by
(1) Intensity at P due to +Q is + i one charge appear to be attracted towards
r2 the other
kQ ˆ (3) Lines of force are drawn for a system of two
(2) Intensity at P due to+ Q is  i
r2 charges +2q & -q; lines are found to be more
(3) Direction of intensity at Q due to -e is along + x crowded near the charge-q

50
 (4) To mark the direction of E at a point we should 1 1
first draw a line of force through that point. electsric field is mv2 = mq2E2t2.
2 2
Tangent to the line of force at this point di-
rected from positve charge towards negative ke 2
charge gives the direction of E at that point 24. Dimension of are same as those of
Gm1m2
20. Match the column (1) Mass (2) Force
Column I Column II (3) Charage (4) Angle
25. Unknown charge is placed at the centre of square
(A) (e)   EA cos 30 as shown. Force on the charge at the centre is

(B) (f)   EA

(C) (g)   0 (1) zero

(2) very large
(D) (h)   EA cos 120 x, q1q2
(3) k 
( Half diagonal ) 2
(i)   EA cos 150
(4) information insufficient
(1) A-g, B-g, C-A, D-i (2) A-f, B-g, D-h
(3) A-f, B-g, D-i (4) A-f, B-g, D-e 26. A system has two charges 2.5  10 -7 C &
 -2.5  10 -7 C located at points (0,0,15
21. E  Aiˆ  Bˆj  Ckˆ cm) & 0.0,-15cm) respectively: incorrect
 statement is
A  Diˆ  Eˆj  Fkˆ
(1) System is a dipole
value of flux is
(2) Total charge of the system is zero
(1) AD + BE + CF (2) AD - BE - CF
(3) Dipole moment of the system is 7.5  10-8
(3) ADiˆ  BEˆj  CFkˆ (4) None Cm
22. Incorrect statement is (4) Dipole moment is directed along -x axis

(1) p is directed from negative charge to posi- 27. A charge of 10 units is broken into 2 parts &
tive charge kept some distance apart. For what values of
(2) Lines of force are directed from positive these two parts will the force of repulsion be-
charge to negative charge tween these two be maximum
(3) In end -on position of a dipole, field is di- (1) 2, 8 (2) 3,7 (3)5,5
rected from negataive charge to positive (4) depends on distance
charge 28. A charge q in a field E experiences a force qE.
(4) Outgoing flux is negative To balance a charged particle of mass m in gravi-
23. A particle of charge q & mass m is released in tational field, which of the following is correct
an electric field E. Which of the following is in- (1) mg acts vertically up & qE acts vertically
correct: down
(1) Force on the charged particle is qE. (2) qE acts vertically up & mg acts vertically
(2) Acceleration in the particle is F/m = qE/m. down
(3) Velocity acquired by the particle after time t : (3) mg acts vertically down & qE acts vertically
V = at = at = qE/tm. down
(4) Kinetic energy gained by the particle from (4) mg acts horizontally left & qE acts horizon-
tally right or vice-versa

51
29. Which of the following is incorrect: flux = 0
(1) If linear charge density on a wire is  then  qenclosed
charge on length 'L' of the wire is  L (E) In the equation dS 
E
0
(2) If surface charge density on an area is  ,
E is due to charges present inside and outside
then charge dq on its area dA is  dA
the Gaussian surface as clear in derivation of E
(3) If volume charge density in a sphere of insu- due to infinite charges
lating material is  then charge on its surface (1) A, B (2) B, C (3) A. E. (4) A. D.
area is   4R 2 33. Match figure & net flux through the surface. E
(4) for a disc, m  r² and for a sphere m  r³ (m is electrical field intensity.
= mass, r = radius)
30. Which of the following is correct
(1) When field is parallel to a plane, flux is zero (A) (E) -EA
& rate of change of flux is also zero.
 
(2) When p is parallel to E , torque is zero but
(curved surface area = A)
the rate of change of torque  is maximum.
(3) When a dipole is kept in uniform external elec- (B) (F) Zero
tric field, torque on it is half the maximum when (curved surface area = A)
 = 120°
(4) When a dipole is kept in external non-uni- (C) (G) (E2 - E1)A
form electrical field, it experiences a force but (circular face area = A)
not a torque.
31. Which of the following statements is incorrect (D) (H) (-E2 - E1)A
for a dipole placed in a non-uniform electrical (circular face area = A)
field
(1) A-F, B-K, C-I, D-J
(1) torque must be zero
(2) A-E, B-F,C-H, D G
(2) Potential energy may be zero
(3) A-B, C-D, D-C, C-A
(3) Force is never non-zero
(4) None of these
(4) Dipole moves from weak portion of the field
34. Match E with configuration
to strong portion of the field.
32. Which of the following is incorrect pair
(A) For calculation of E at a point on a gaussian
surface, distribution of charge inside the
gaussian surface can be arbitrary. KQ
(A) (H) rˆ
(B)A gaussian surface has 100 electrons outside R2
it and 20 protons inside it, flux through the
20e
gaussian surface is +  .
0

(C)Radius of a gaussian surface enclosing a given 2

charge is halved, flux through the gaussian sur- (B) (I) k  radially in ward
r
face remains unchanged.
(Sheet of charge in
(D) A closed body of any shape is kept in exter-
nal electric field. Incoming flux = outgoing YZ, plane)

52
 The force they exert on one another now is F2.
 R2
(C) (J) rˆ Then F2/F1 is (Single Choice Question)
0 r 2
4Q1 Q1
(1) Q (2) 4Q
2 2
(Sprical shell)
4Q 2 Q2
(3) Q (4) 4Q
1 1
(D) (K) Zero
36. The lines of force of the electric field due to two
(volume charge distribution ) charges q and Q are sketched in the figure. State
if

R
(E) (L) 3 radially
0

(Metallic slphere outward

with surface charge
distribution (Single Choice Question)
(1) Q is positive and |Q| > |q|
 ˆ (2) Q is negative and |Q| < |q|
(F) (M) 2  (i )
0 (3) q is positive and |Q| > |q|
Hollow sphere with total (4) q is negative and |Q| < |q|
charge +Q 37. Two infinitely large chharged planes, having uni-
form surface charge density +  and -  respec-
tively, are placed along the x-y plane and the y-z
 ˆ plane respectively as shown in the figure. Then
(G) (N) 2  i
0 the nature of electric lines of forces in x-z plane
is given by
Non conducting solid
sphere with total charge -Q
Q
(O) k (rˆ)
R2
Q
(P) k ( rˆ)
R2
(Single Choice Question)
(1) A-I, B-M, C-K, D-L, E-J, F-O, G-P
(2) A-M, B-H, F-K, G-K
(3) A-M, B-P, E -J (1) (2)
(4) None
35. Two identical small spheres carry charge of Q1
and Q2 with Q1 >>Q2. The charges are d dis-
tance apart. The force they exert on one an-
(3) (4)
other is F1. The spheres are made to touch one
another and then separataed to distance d apart.

53
38. The ratio of electric force between two elec-
trons to two protons totwo protons separated
by the same distance in air is
(1) 10o (2) 108
(3) 104 (4) None
39. Two identical charges repel each other with a
force equal to 10 mg wt. when they are 0.6 m
apart in air. The value of each charge is (g = 10
ms-2)
(1) 2 mC (2) 2  10-7 C
(3) 60 nC (4) 2C (1) 1.25  10-28 Cm (2) 2.0  10-25 Cm
40.If a body is charged by rubbing it its weight
(3) 2.5  10-28 Cm (4) 5.0  10-28 Cm
(1) always decreases slightly
44. A conductor having a cavity is given a positive
(2) always increases slightly charge. The field strengths EA, EB and EC at
(3) may increase slightly or may decrease slightly point A (within cavity). at B (within conductor
(4) remains precisely the same but outside cavity) and C (near conductor) re-
     q1  q2  q3 spectively will be

(1)  1E  E 2  E 3  E 4.d A 
2 (1) EA = 0, EB = 0, & EC = 0
0

41. In nature, the electric charge of any system is (2) EA = 0, EB = 0, & EC  0

always equal to (3) EA  0, EB = 0, & EC  0
(1) half integral multiple of the least amount of (4) EA  0, EB  0, & EC  0
the charge
45. In the figure shown, a hemispherical bowl of
(2) zero radius R is shown. Electric field of intensity E is
(3) square of the least amount of charge present perpendicular to the circular cross sec-
(4) integral multiple of the least amount of charge tion of the hemisphere. The electric flux through
the hemisphere is
42. When a body is earth connected, electrons from
the earth flow into the body. This means the body
initially is
(1) Charged negatively
(2) An insulator
(3) Uncharged (1) 0 (2) E  R2
(4) Charged positively (3) E2  R2 (4) E3  R2
43. An electric dipole is placed in a uniform electric 46. A cylinder of radius R and length L is placed in a

field E of magnitude 40 NC-1. The graph be- uniform electric field E parallel to the cylinder axis.
low shows the magnitude of the torque on the The total flux for the surface of the cylinder is
 given by
dipole versus the angle  between the field E and

the dipole moment P . The magnitude of dipole R 2
 (1) 2R 2 E (2)
moment P is equal to. E

(3)
R 2
 R 2  (4) Zero
E

54
47. Two charges of equal magnitudes and at a dis- 53. In infinite parallel plane sheet of a metal is charged
tance r exert a force F on each other. If the to charge density  coulomb per square metre
charges are halved and distance between them in a medium of dielectric constant K. Intensity of
is doubled, then the new force acting on each electric field near the metallic surface will be
charge is
(1) F/8 (2) F/4 (3) 4F (4) F/16  
(1) E   K (2) E  3
48. If a body has a charge of 10-12 C 0 0

(1) the body has 6.25  106 excess of electrons  

(3) E  2 K (4) E  2 
(2) the body has 625  106 excess electrons 0 0

(3) the body has 6.25  106 deficiency electrons 54. The expression for electric field intensity at a
point outside uniformly charged thin plane sheet
(4) the body has 6.25  103 deficiency of elec- is (d is the distance of point from plane sheet)
trons
(1) independent of d
49. The electric field inside a conductor in the con-
dition of electrostatics (2) directly proportional to d
(1) Must be zero (3) directly proportional to d
(2) May be non-zero
1
(3) Must be non-zero (4) directly proportional to
d
(4) Can’t be determined
55. The electric field in the space between the plates
50. The charge on two spheres are +7  C and - of a discharge tube is
5  C respectively. They experience a force F..
3.25  104 NC-1. If mass of proton is 1.67  10-
If each of them is given an additional charge of - 27
2  C, then the new force of attraction will be kg and its charge is 1.6  10-19 C, the force on
the proton in the field is
F F
(1) F (2) (3) (4) 2F (1) 10.4 × 10-15 N (2) 2.0 × 10-23 N
2 3
(3) 5.40 × 10-15 N (4) 5.20 × 10-15 N
51. Three charages each of 5  10-6 C are placed at
56. The diagram shows electric field lines around
three corners of an equilateral triangle of side 10 two isolated point charges P and Q. At X, the
cm. The force exerted on another charge of 1  C field strength is zero.
placed at the centre of the triangle in newton will
be:
(1) 13.5 N (2) 4.5 N
(3) 6.75 N (4) zero
Which of the following statements is true?
52. In MKS system of units  0 equals:
(1) Q is a smaller charge than P because X is
(1) 9 109 C 2 N 1m 2 closer to P than Q.
(2) Field strength is always proportional to the
1 2 1 2 distance from X.
(2) C N m
9 102 (3) The potential at Q is less than the potential at
P.
1 2 1  2
(3) C N m (4) The field lines show that both charges are
4  9 109
positive
2
(4) 1C N m 1 2
57. Two balls, with equal charges, are placed in a
vessel with ice, at -10°C, at a distance of 25 cm
from each other. On forming water at 0°C, the

55
 balls are brought nearer to 5 cm, for the interac- (1) 19.6 × 10-8 NC-1 (2) 20× 10-6 NC-1
tion between them to be same. If the dielectric
constant of water, at 0°C, is 80, the dielectric (3) 19.6× 108 NC-1 (4) 20 × 106 NC-1
constant of ice, at -10°C, is 65. Charge Q is divided into two parts which are
(1) 40 (2) 3.2 (3) 20 (4) 6.4 then kept some distance apart. The force be-
tween them will be maximum if the two parts
58. A sphere of radius 1 m encloses a charge of 5 are having the charge
µC. Another charge of -5 µC is placed inside the
sphere. The net electric flux would be (1) Q/2
(1) Double (2) Four times (2) Q/4 and 3Q/4
(3) Zero (4) None of these (3) Q/3 and 2Q/3
59. Two point charges +3 µC and +8 µC repel (4) e and (Q-e), where e = electron charge
each other with a force of 40 N. If a charge of 66. Two equal metal balls are charged to 10 and -
-5 µC is added to each of them, then the force 20 units of electricity. Then they are brought in
between them will become - contact with each other and then again separated
(1) +10 N (2) +20 N to the original distance. The ratio of magnitudes
of the force between the two balls before and
(3) -20 N (4) -10 N after contact is
60. Two conducting spheres of radii r1 and r2 have (1) 8 : 1 (2) 1 : 8 (3) 2 : 1 (4) 1 : 2
equal surface charge densities. The ratio of their
charges is 67. Charges Q1 and Q2 lie inside and outside, re-
spectively, of a closed surface S. Let E be the
2 2
r1 r2 r1 r2 field at any point on S and  be the flux of E
(1) 2 (2) 2 (3) (4) over S. Choose the incorrect option.
r2 r1 r2 r1
61. A point charge q produces an electric field of
magnitude 2 N C-1 at a point distance 0.25 m
from it. What is the value of charge?
(1) 1.39 × 10-11 C (2) 1.39 × 1011 C
(3) 13.9 × 10-11 C (4) 13.9 × 1011 C
62. A charge Q is placed at each of the opposite (1) If Q1 changes, both E and  will change.
corners of a square. A charge q is placed at each
(2) If Q2 changes. E will change but  will not
of the other two corners. If the net electrical force
change
Q
on Q is zero, then equals (3) If Q1 = 0 and Q2  0 then E  0 but  = 0
q
(4) If Q1  0 and Q2 = 0 then E=0 but   0
1
(1) 1 (2)  (3)  2 2 (4) -1 68. The position of the point where net electric field
2
will be zero is:
63. The electric flux through a closed surface area S
enclosing charge Q is  . If the surface area is
doubled, then the flux is (1) 2a m from 4Q (2) a/2 m from -Q
(1) 2  (2)  (3) 0 (4) 3  (3) 1 m from 4Q (4) Neutral point not pos-
sible
64. The electric field that can balance a charged 69. Given that q1 + q2 =q. For what ratio will the
particle of mass 3.2 × 10-27 kg is (Given that the force between q1 and q2 be maximum?
charge on the particle is 1.6× 10-19 C) (1) 0.25 (2) 0.5 (3) 1 (4) 2

56
70. Five point charges each having magnitude q are 75. The given figure gives electric lines of force due
placed at the corner of hexagon, as shown in the to two charges q1 and q2. What are the signs of

figure. Net electric field at the centre O is E . To
o the two charges?

get the net electric field at O as 6 E , the charge
placed on the remaining sixth corner should be

(1) Both are negative

(1) 6q (2) -6q (3) 5q (4) -5q (2) Both are positive
(3) q1 is positive but q2 is negative
71. A charge Q is placed at a distance a 2 above
(4) q1 is negative but q2 is positive
the centre of a square surface of side length a.
76. A square surface of side L meters is in the plane
The electric flux through the square surface due
of the paper. A uniform electric field, also in the
to the charge would be?
plane of the paper, is limited only to the lower
half of the square surface (see figure). The elec-
tric flux associated with the surface is

q q q q (1) EL2 (2) Zero

(1) 6  (2) 2  (3) 3 (4) 
0 0 0 0 (3) EL2/2 (4) none of these
72. In nature, the electric charge of any system is 77. The following figures show regular hexagons,
always equal to with charges at the vertices. In which of the fol-
(1) half integral multiple of the least amount of lowing cases the electric field at the center is not
charge. zero?
(2) zero
(3) square of the least amount of charge.
(4) integral multiple of the least amount of charge.
73. A charged body has an electric flux  associated
with it the body is now placed inside a metallic con-
tainer. The electric flux  1 associated with the con-
tainer will be
(1)  1=0 (2) 0 <  1 < 
(3)  1 =  (4)  1 > 
74. If a body is charged by rubbing, its weight, (1) 1 (2) 3 (3) 2 (4) 4
(1) always decreases slightly. 78. The ratio of electric fields due to an electric di-
(2) always increases slightly. pole on the axis and equatorial line at equal dis-
(3) may increase or decrease slightly. tance will be
(4) remains precisely the same. (1) 4 : 1 (2) 1 : 2 (3) 2 : 1 (4) 1 : 1

57
79. In the figure shown here, A is a conducting sphere 84. If an object has a net charge of -1 C, the num-
and B is a closed spherical surface. If a, - q charge ber of excess electrons possessed by it is,
is placed at C near A, then the electric flux (1) 1.6×1019 (2) 6.25 ×1018
through the closed surface is-
(3) 6.25 ×1020 (4) 6.25×1017
85. Flux (in S.I. units) coming out and entering a
closed surface is shown in figure. Net charge en-
closed by the closed surface is -

(1) zero (2) positive

(3) negative (4) can not be predicted
80. Two charges +q and-q are kept apart. Then at
any point on the right bisector of line joining the
(1) 75 0 (2) 15 0 (3) 45 0
two charges:
(1) The electric field strength is zero (4) none of these
(2) The electric potential is zero 86. In the following four situations, the charged par-
ticles are at an equal distance from the origin.
(3) Both electric potential and electric field
Arrange them according to the magnitude of the
strength are zero
net electric field at origin (greatest first).
(4) Both electric potential and electric field
strength are non-zero.
81. A small metal ball is suspended in an uniform
electric field with the help of an insulated thread.
If a high energy X-ray beam falls on the ball, then
the ball
(1) will be deflected in the direction of the field.
(2) will be deflected in the direction opposite to
the field.
(3) will not be deflected. (1) (i) > (ii) > (iii) > (iv)
(4)will oscillate in the field. (2) (ii) > (i) > (iii) > (iv)
82. Two conducting sphere of radii r1 and r2 are (3) (i) > (iii) > (ii) > (iv)
charged to the same surface charge density. The (4) (iv) > (iii) > (ii) > (i)
ratio of electric field near their surface is 87. If the electric flux entering and leaving an en-
2 2 2 2 1 2 closed surface respectively is  1 and  2, then,
(1) r1 / r2 (2) r2 / r1 (3) r /r (4) 1 : 1
charge enclosed in closed surface is
83. The total flux through the faces of the cube with
side of length  if a charge q is placed at corner 2  1 2  1
A of the cube is (1) 0 (2) 0
1  2
(3) 0 (4)  0 2  1 

88. Three point charges, as shown, are placed at

the vertices of an isosceles right angled triangle.
q q q q
(1) 8 (2) 4 (3) 2 (4)  Which of the numbered vectors coincides in di-
0 0 0 0 rection with the electric field at the mid-point of
the hypotenuse?

58
 94. The insulation property of air breaks down at
E = 3 × 106 volt meter . The maximum charge
that can be given to a sphere of diameter 5 m is
approximately (in coulombs)
(1) 2×10-2 (2) 2×10-3
(3) 2×10-4 (4) 2×10-5
95. Consider a neutral conducting sphere. A posi-
tive point charge is placed outside the sphere.
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) The net charge on the sphere is then,
(1) negative and distributed uniformity over the
89. A long wire of linear charge density  passes
surface of the sphere
through a cube of side l in such a manner that
flux through It is maximum. Now the position of (2) negative and appears only at the point on
the wire is changed in such a manner that the flux the sphere closest to the point charge
is minimum. The ratio of maximum flux to mini- (3) negative and distributed non-uniformly over
mum flux is the entire surface of the sphere
(1) (4) zero
3 : 1 (2) 3 : 1 (3) 2 : 1(4) 3 :
96. Two Insulating small spheres are rubbed against
2 each other and placed 1 cm apart. If they at-
90. The magnitude of point charge due to which the tract each other with a force of 0.1 N, then how
electric field 30 cm away from it has the magni- many electrons were transferred from one
tude 2 N-C-1 will be sphere to the other during rubbing?
(1) 2 ×10-11 C (2) 3×10-11 C (1) 2×1011 (2) 4×1012
(3) 5×10-11 C (4) 9×10-11 C (3) 1×10-10 (4) 2×108
91. According to Gauss's theorem, the total out- 97. A charge q is placed at the centre of the open
ward normal flux over a closed surface is equal end of a cylindrical vessel. The flux of the elec-
to tric field through the surface of the vessel is -
(1) The positive charge enclosed within the sur-
face
(2) 1/  0 times the net charge outside the surface

(3) 1/  0 times the total charge enclosed within

the surface (1) 1/2  0 (2) q/4  0
(4) The charge density on the surface
(3) q/3  0 (4) none of these
92. Dimensions of  0 are 98. Two identical charges repel each other with a
-1 -3 4
(1) M L T A 2 0 -3 3
(2) M L T A 3 force of 2.5 N when placed 3 m apart. The
magnitude of each charge is:
(3) M-1L-3T3A (4) M-1L-3TA2
(1) 40  C (2) 50  C
93. If the linear charge density of a cylinder is 4 µC
(3) 5  C (4) None of these
m-1 then the electric field intensity at point 3.6
cm from axis is 99. A point charge +Q is placed at the centroid of
an equilateral triangle. When a second charge
(1) 4×105 NC-1 (2) 2×106 NC-1 +Q is placed at a vertex of the triangle, the mag-
7 -1 7 -1
(3) 8×10 NC (4) 12×10 NC nitude of the electrostatic force on the central

59
 charge is 4N. What is the magnitude of the net 1  9  1  9 
force on the central charge when a third charge (1) tan   (2) tan  
 16  7
+Q is placed at another vertex of the triangle?
(1) Zero (2) 4N (3) 4 2 N (4) 8 N 1  16  1  7 
(3) tan   (4) tan  
100. An uncharged sphere of metal is placed inside 9 9
a charged parallel plate capacitor. The lines of 102. A sphere of radius R and charge Q is placed
force look like inside an imaginary sphere of radius 2R whose
centre coincides with the given sphere. The flux
related to imaginary sphere is
Q Q
(1) (1)  (2) 2
0 0

4Q 2Q
(3)  (4) 
0 0

103. The force between two small charged spheres

(2)
having charges of 1×10-7 C and 2×10-7 C
placed 20 cm apart in air is---.
(1) 4.5×10-2 N (2) 4.5×10-3 N
(3) 5.4×10-2 N (4) 5.4×10-3 N

(3) 104. Two identical metal spheres charged with +12

µC and -8 µC are kept at a certain distance in
the air. They are brought into contact and then
kept at the same distance. The ratio of the mag-
nitudes of electrostatic forces between them be-
(4) fore and after contact is:
(1) 12 : 1 (2) 8 : 1
101. Three identical charges each 2µC lie at the (3) 24 : 1 (4) 4 : 1
vertices of a right angled triangle as shown the
figure. Forces on the charge at B due to the 105. An electron falls through a small distance in a
charges at A and C respectively are F1 F2. The uniform electric field of magnitude 2×104 N C-1.
angle between their resultant force and F2. The direction of the field is reversed keeping the
magnitude unchanged and a proton falls through
the same distance. The time of fall will be
(1) same in both cases
(2) more in the case of an electron
(3) more in the case of proton
(4) independent of charge

60
106. Figures given below represent roughly the elec-
tric lines of force due to three positive point
charges of equal value. Guess the possibly cor-
rect representation.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

61
 Answer key Question Bank 12th Class

1-3 2-1 3-2 4-3 5-1 6-1 7-1 8-3 9-1 10-1

11-4 12-2 13-4 14-4 15-2 16-4 17- 4 18-3 19-3 20-3

21-4 22-4 23-3 24-4 25-1 26-4 27-3 28-2 29-3 30-2

31-1 32-3 33-2 34-1 35-2 36-2 37-3 38-1 39-3 40-3

41-4 42-4 43-1 44-2 45-2 46-4 47-4 48-3 49-1 50-1

51-4 52-3 53-1 54-1 55-3 56-4 57-2 58-3 59-4 60-1

61-1 62-3 63-3 64-1 65-1 66-1 67-4 68-1 69-1 70-4

71-1 72-4 73-3 74-3 75-1 76-2 77-1,2,3 78-3 79-3 80-4

81-1 82-4 83-1 84-2 85-3 86-3 87-4 88-3 89-1 90-1

91-3 92-1 93-2 94-2 95-4 96-1 97-4 98-2 99-2 100-3

101-3 102-1 103-2 104-3 105-3 106-4

62
63