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Lesson 4

The document outlines the IMRaD (Introduction, Materials/Methods, Results, and Discussion) structure commonly used in research papers. It details the objectives and content required for each section, emphasizing the importance of clarity and logical flow in presenting research findings. The lesson aims to equip students with the skills to apply this formatting in their research proposals.

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ferdinand batara
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17 views22 pages

Lesson 4

The document outlines the IMRaD (Introduction, Materials/Methods, Results, and Discussion) structure commonly used in research papers. It details the objectives and content required for each section, emphasizing the importance of clarity and logical flow in presenting research findings. The lesson aims to equip students with the skills to apply this formatting in their research proposals.

Uploaded by

ferdinand batara
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Parts of a

Research Paper
By
REMEDIOS G. ADO, DEM
Objectives of the Lesson
After successful completion of this lesson, you should be able to:

01. Describe the IMRaD manuscript formatting


which is the most commonly used by
journals and academic bodies;

02. Apply the IMRaD manuscript formatting in the


student’s research proposal.
IMRaD Manuscript
Publishable Format
I ntroduction
M aterials/Methods
R esults
a nd
D iscussion
IMRaD Structure
• Most commonly used manuscript format
• Comprises the “core” of your research paper
• Indicate to readers where certain information can be
found
• Creates a logic flow mimicking the scientific process
I ntroduction Why did you do this study?
M aterials/Methods How did you do it?
R esults What did you find?
a nd
D iscussion What does it mean?
01.
Introduction
Why did you conduct this study?
Introduction
Objectives:
● Supply background information to allow readers to evaluate the
results of present study without referring to previous publications.
● Explain your reasons for conducting the study.
Content:
1. Rationale of the study
2. Brief background of the study
3. Study Objective
4. Review of Related Literature
02.
Materials and Methods
What materials did you use?
How did you conduct the study?
Materials and Methods
Objectives:
● State in clear terms what you used for the study and how exactly you
carried it out.

Content:
1. Research Design
2. Research Materials
3. What was done to the materials?
4. How were the effects measured?
03.
Results
What exactly did you find?
Results
Objectives:
● Show the detailed results of the study in natural order, broken into
subsections similar to the methods section.

Content:
1. Key findings
2. Texts, tables and figures
3. Statistical analysis
04.
Discussion
What does the results mean?
Discussion
Objectives:
● Explain the overall outcome of the study results on the specific area
of study and wider implications of the research.
Content:
1. Restatement of major findings
2. Strengths and pitfalls
3. Implications on other research
4. Unanswered questions and future research
5. Final summary and conclusion
Thank you!

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