Training

Projects
Connecting Dots

Table of contents

Introduction .................................................................................................... 4
1. Design codes ............................................................................................ 8
1.1) Codes comparison ............................................................................. 8
2. ASME BPVC – Boiler and pressure vessel code ......................................... 10
2.1) Historical review .............................................................................. 10
2.2) BPVC Sections .................................................................................. 11
2.3) Section VIII Divisions........................................................................ 12
3. ASME BPVC Section VIII, Div.1 ................................................................. 14
3.1) Scope .............................................................................................. 14
3.2) Code organization ........................................................................... 15
3.3) ASME stamp .................................................................................... 18
3.4) Code revisions ................................................................................. 19
4. Design conditions................................................................................... 21
4.1) Temperature.................................................................................... 21
4.2) Pressure .......................................................................................... 21
4.3) Loads .............................................................................................. 23
4.4) Corrosion allowance ........................................................................ 24
4.5) Wind, earthquake and snow ............................................................. 24
4.6) Hydro test ....................................................................................... 24
4.7) Multi-compartment equipment ........................................................ 24
4.8) Reference design books ................................................................... 25
5. Material selection ................................................................................... 26
5.1) Corrosion ........................................................................................ 26
5.2) Essential properties of materials ...................................................... 31
5.3) Technical-economical selection ........................................................ 35
5.4) Materials designation ...................................................................... 36
5.5) Most used materials ........................................................................ 37
6. Joint efficiency ........................................................................................ 40
6.1) Welded joints................................................................................... 41
6.2) Welded joint evaluation ................................................................... 45
6.3) Joint efficiency value ........................................................................ 46
6.4) Selection charts ............................................................................... 47

PRESSURE VESSELS ONLINE COURSE, Part I – Instructor Javier Tirenti………………………Page 2

Training
Projects
Connecting Dots

6.5) The full or spot dilemma ................................................................. 48

7. Design of parts under Internal Pressure .................................................. 49
7.1) Cylindrical shells ............................................................................. 49
7.2) Heads .............................................................................................. 52
8. Conical transitions under internal pressure ............................................. 56
8.1) Conical transitions (without knuckles & half apex angle < 30º) ........ 57
8.2) Toriconical transitions (knuckles radius > 6% of D) .......................... 59
9. Nozzles .................................................................................................. 61
9.1) Standard flanges.............................................................................. 63
9.2) Gaskets ........................................................................................... 66
9.3) Nozzle necks ................................................................................... 66
9.4) Reinforcement ................................................................................. 69
10. References .......................................................................................... 77

PRESSURE VESSELS ONLINE COURSE, Part I – Instructor Javier Tirenti………………………Page 3

Training
Projects
Connecting Dots

Introduction
A pressure vessel is considered as any closed vessel that is capable of
storing a pressurized fluid, either internal or external pressure, regardless
of their shape and dimensions. The cylindrical vessels, to which we refer in
this volume, are calculated on the principles of thin-walled cylinders.
The first step in designing a container is choosing the best type for the service
for which it is intended. The factors influencing the choice of type are the
function of the container, the location, the nature of the fluid that has to
be stored, the temperature and operating pressure and their ability to store
the volume needed by the process.

Pressure vessels can be classified according to their intended service,

temperature and pressure, materials and geometry. Different types of pressure
vessels can be classified as follows:

PRESSURE VESSELS ONLINE COURSE, Part I – Instructor Javier Tirenti………………………Page 4