1.
Classify the fuels on the bases of their physical state, with
examples Balaji rohit
Based on their physical state, fuels are classified into three types.
They are:
1. Solid fuels
2. Liquid fuels
3. Gaseous fuels
1. Solid fuels: These are generally exist in solid state at room
temperature. Generally, Wood, Coal, Oil shale, Straw come under this type
of fuel.
2. Liquid fuels: These are generally exist in liquid state at room
temperature. Generally, Kerosene, petrol, diesel, coal tar, alcohols come
under this type of fuel.
3. Gaseous fuels: These are generally exist in gaseous state at room
temperature. Generally, Petroleum gas, bio gas, natural gas, refinery
gases come under this type of fuel.
2. How is biogas produced? What are its main sources?Ashwin
Biogas is produced through the processing of various types of organic
waste. ... Digestion carried out by these microorganisms creates methane,
which can be used as it is locally or upgraded to biogas equivalent to
natural gas quality, enabling the transport of the biogas over longer
distances.
Major sources of biogas include municipal wastewater treatment plants,
industrial waste treatment facilities, landfills, and agricultural sources
such as manure and energy crops.
3. What are the types of coal found in India? Devadarshan
Types of coal found in India
Anthracite: It is the highest grade of coal containing a high percentage of
fixed carbon. It is hard, brittle, black and lustrous. It is found in smaller
quantity in regions of Jammu and Kashmir.
Bituminous: It is a medium grade of coal having high heating capacity. It
is the most commonly used type of coal for electricity generation in India.
Most of bituminous coal is found in Jharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal,
Chhattisgarh, and Madhya Pradesh.
Subbituminous: It is black in colour, dull (not shiny) and has a higher
heating value than lignite.
Lignite: It is the lowest grade coal with the least carbon content. It is
found in the regions of Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, and Jammu & Kashmir.
4. What are the characteristics of ideal fuel? Dinesh Karthik
The Characteristics of an ideal fuel are discussed as follows:
1. The fuel should have high calorific value.
2. The fuel should have proper ignition temperature.
3. The rate of combustion should be balanced and moderate.
4. The content of non-volatile substances should be as low as possible.
5. There should be no poisonous or residue byproducts on combustion.
6. The fuel should be easily available in plenty.
7. The fuel should be available at a low cost.
8. There should be convenience in transporting the fuel and should be
easily storable.
5. What are the three stages of oil refining? Gurusharan
Stage 1: Separation
The first stage of refining sees molecules separated according to weight
using a process known as atmospheric distillation.
After atmospheric distillation is completed, heavy residuals are
transferred to other columns where they undergo a second distillation
process to extract resources such as diesel and heavy fuel oil.
Stage 2: Conversion
After the separation process, oil then undergoes conversion to remove
heavy hydrocarbon molecules and create lighter products.
Stage 3: Treating
During the treating stage, oil undergoes processes designed to remove
corrosive or polluting molecules, including sulphur Automotive fuels are
treated with a catalyst to convert naphthenic hydrocarbons into aromatic
hydrocarbons and increase octane rating.
After undergoing the three stages of refining, crude oil is ready to be
resold as refined petroleum products, including LPG, gasoline, naphtha
and lubricants. For a closer look at how natural resources are transformed
into global commodities
6. What are the 4 main requirements for the formation of coal?
Hemanth
Even though all the biological, geographic, and climatic factors may be
favorable, coal could not be formed unless the plant debris was
submerged and buried by sediments. There are four stages in coal
formation: peat, lignite, bituminous, and anthracite.
7. List any five uses of minerals? Mohamed afraz kazmi
Minerals like iron are used for constructing purpose.
Minerals like aluminium are used in making body of aeroplane etc.
Minerals like gold are used to make jewellery,coins etc.
Minerals like copper are used in making electric wires,coins, jewellery etc.
Minerals like lead is used in making batteries, ammunition etc.
8. How do wind turbines work? Rajaprakash
Wind turbines work on a simple principle: instead of using electricity to
make wind—like a fan—wind turbines use wind to make electricity. Wind
turns the propeller-like blades of a turbine around a rotor, which spins a
generator, which creates electricity.
Wind is a form of solar energy caused by a combination of three
concurrent events:
The sun unevenly heating the atmosphere
Irregularities of the earth's surface
The rotation of the earth.
9. Is natural gas produced from petroleum? Rimoh
Natural gas, colourless highly flammable gaseous hydrocarbon consisting
primarily of methane and ethane. It is a type of petroleum that commonly
occurs in association with crude oil. A fossil fuel, natural gas is used for
electricity generation, heating, and cooking and as a fuel for certain
vehicles.
10. What are the characteristic of a good fuel? Rishe Kiran
1. It should possess high calorific value.
2. It should have proper ignition temperature. The ignition temperature of
the fuel should neither be too low nor too high.
3. It should not produce poisonous products during combustion. In other
words, it should not cause pollution o combustion.
4. It should have moderate rate of combustion.
5. Combustion should be easily controllable i.e., combustion of fuel should
be easy to start or stop as and when required.
6. It should not leave behind much ash on combustion.
7. It should be easily available in plenty.
8. It should have low moisture content.
9. It should be cheap.
10. It should be easy to handle and transport.
11. How many types of metals and non-metals are there? Rithish
Five common metals are copper, lead, tin, nickel, and zinc. Four common
nonmetals are sulfur nitrogen, selenium, and bromine. The seven
metalloids are boron, silicon, germanium, arsenic, antimony, tellurium,
and polonium. The three types of elements occupy their own places in the
Periodic Table.
12. Why is methane fuel better than coal? Rohit
Because of its potency, the more of it there is in the air the harder it will
be to keep the planet's temperatures from soaring past global climate
goals. ... Methane burns more efficiently than coal, making it a better
option, carbon-cost-wise and air-pollution-wise, than coal
13. What are fossil fuels and why are they limited? Shiva gautham
Although fossil fuels are continually formed by natural processes, they are
generally classified as non-renewable resources because they take
millions of years to form and known viable reserves are being depleted
much faster than new ones are generated.
14. What are the Benefits of Natural Gas? Sridhar
Convenience. With natural gas, you'll never run out of fuel. ...
Versatility. Natural gas can do more than heat your home. ...
Savings. Natural gas can save you money. ...
Safety. ...
Consistent, Reliable Supply. ...
Future Possibilities. ...
Environmental Benefits. ...
Abundant Domestic Production.
15. What is the importance of nuclear energy for India?Sudarshan
Importance of Nuclear Power in India
Nuclear power in India is the fourth-largest source of electricity after
thermal, hydroelectric, and renewable sources (of electricity). India has 22
nuclear reactors operating in 8 nuclear power plants. The total installed
capacity of nuclear power in India is 6780 MW.
16. What are the 5 uses of metals?Visalan
Gold, Platinum and silver are used as jewelleries and ornaments.
Iron and steel are used for construction purpose.
Aluminium, steel are used as utensils.
Mercury is used in thermometer and helps to check the temperature.
Aluminium are used as insulation wires.
17. Why and how do we conserve minerals?Anubharathi
Conservation of mineral resources is essential because they are a
country's valuable possession. ... Minerals should be used in a planned
and sustainable manner. Technology should be upgraded to allow the use
of low-grade ore at low costs. Recycling of metals also results in the
conservation of mineral resources.
Reduce, recycle and reuse are the three common ways to conserve
resources
18. Which gas is present in both natural gas and biogas?Aparna
Methane is the common gas present in both biogas and natural gas but
both are different in certain aspects like:
1. Natural gas is obtained in its natural form, but biogas is derived from
the wastes of humans, animals and gardens.
2. Natural gas is present in abundance but biogas is limited.
3. Natural gas is used in kitchen as LPG and in vehicles as CNG. Biogas is
used in much simpler mechanisms but it is smoke free and hence causes
no pollution.
19. What are 3 sources of nuclear energy?Arthameru
Nuclear power can be obtained from nuclear fission, nuclear decay and
nuclear fusion reactions. Presently, the vast majority of electricity from
nuclear power is produced by nuclear fission of uranium and plutonium.
20. What do metals and non-metals have in common?Atchaya
Metals tend to be strong and conductive, and have high melting points.
However, like nonmetals, their forms occur as a distinct combination of
electrons, protons and neutrons. All elements, metal or otherwise, can
change state or react.
21. What are the 4 main requirements for the formation of coal?
Deepta R
Even though all the biological, geographic, and climatic factors may be
favorable, coal could not be formed unless the plant debris was
submerged and buried by sediments. There are four stages in coal
formation: peat, lignite, bituminous, and anthracite.
22. What are the useful products of coal?Divyashree
Coal is one of the most useful fossil fuels. It has many applications, some
of which include the production of heat for households, firing of industrial
generators, manufacturing of cast iron, etc. It can also be processed
industrially in order to obtain products like coke, tar and coal gas.
23. What is difference between coal and petroleum?Divyadarshni
Basically, these differences center around the fact that coal is found at its
site of deposition as a solid and relatively pure massive organic
substance, whereas petroleum is liquid and migrates readily from its place
of origin into porous reservoir rocks. Kerogen is the main precursor
material of petroleum compounds.
24. How can we preserve our energy resources?Iniya shree
Energy conservation: Ways to save energy
Adjust your day-to-day behaviors. ...
Replace your light bulbs. ...
Use smart power strips. ...
Install a programmable or smart thermostat. ...
Purchase energy efficient appliances.
25. How many types of extraction of minerals are there?Kavipriya
Mining operations can be grouped into five major categories in terms of
their respective resources. These are oil and gas extraction, coal mining,
metal ore mining, nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying, and mining
support activities.
26. How does nuclear energy compare to other sources of energy?
Kavi Priyanka
Nuclear power releases less radiation into the environment than any other
major energy source. Second, nuclear power plants operate at much
higher capacity factors than renewable energy sources or fossil fuels. ...
Third, nuclear power releases less radiation into the environment than any
other major energy source
27. Which fuel is the ideal fuel to be used at home?Prathima
Natural Gas is as close as you can get to an ideal fuel. It requires minimal
processing before use and it has high calorific value. Due to its gaseous
state, it mixes with oxygen easily for more efficient combustion.
28. Which tidal is used for energy generation?(Rakshana)
Tidal power surrounds gravitational hydropower, which uses the
movement of water to push a turbine to generate electricity. The turbines
are likened to wind turbines, except they are positioned underwater.
29. What are the differences between metals and non-metals?
RESHMI THAPA
Difference Between Metals And Nonmetals. Metals and Nonmetals are
different types of materials present around us. ... Metals (like copper and
aluminium) are good conductors of heat and electricity, while nonmetals
(such as phosphorus and sulfur) are insulators.
30. What are the main applications of geothermal energy?
(RITHIKA)
With geothermal energy from deep geothermal energy, heating networks
are fed and whole city areas are supplied with heating. If the temperature
level is high enough, a geothermal power plant can also generate
electricity.
31. Which state in India is leading in solar energy generation?
(SAISUHANI)
Karnataka tops the list of states with the highest installed solar power
generation capacity in the country. The state's total solar capacity at the
end of 2018 stood at 5,328 megawatt (MW).
