EES FUERERE EERE ERE REE® @) Sm. Indira Gandlt ai College of Enginverty A i - 400 701 Plot No.1, Sector 8, Ghansoli, Navi Mumbai wk ee Thisistocerify than Mr/Miss_Aarya. B- Souod FD eR RRR RR RK be of I9T _class_TE __olfvon_S* Bram No institution during enseucnaiaans FO fas performed the experiments mentioned: above in the premiss of the safe in th ip. the year 2024 -20 2$ and has successfully completed ‘all the practicals, in the x IHG sea of BoComPuterr engineen ng __ as pres 6y te z e University of Mumbai. & we a 3 i x We PRACTICAL IN - CHARGE & R x ie DATE * be x we PRINCIPAL i) ise & g DATE WITH COLLEGE SEAL a oni te RR RAR RR A Re eNOSSmt. Indirg Gandhi College of Engineering (pprovea by AICTE New Delhi & Govt. of Maharashtra, JNIESTRT Estd, : 1993.94 Affiliated to University of Mumbai) Course Outcomes (COs) dl Academic Year Slass /Semester | Course/Subject Name] Subject code By cse€ CrorT) cslso esis ey compubes Nehoorte omtdn Besign and Setup nero x co1 Enviosment tn |imux. Imulbo +s, use NeWortkiny tools aoe S = ° Sdch og N82, Wire har ‘ tnd Aigonthm. coz expanse gekwo and Prolvcals Using Cort , MOQTAMNE i proreenaa ve 2°39) bow cndersten di 19 Programm a Networr na eoncephs- co4 cos co6(Erk (ONE REE RR ERE REL EERE RECS mt Smt. Indira Gandhi College of Engineering Fe Plot No 0.1, Sector 8, Ghansoli, Navi Mumbai - 400 701. , LIST OF PROGRAM OUTCOMES (PO! Engineering Graduates will be able to: science, engineering 1) Engineerin; 1g Knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, s' 1 complex engineering fundamentals, a : , and i : 5 problema. an engineering specialization to the solution o! 2) Problem analysis: > engineering ere formulate, review research literature, and analyze complex heer )s eaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of mathematics, e ,and engineering scien yD wgsciences. ) ee of solutions: Design sol gineering problems and ha an yystem components or processes that reeds with appropriate jderation for the public health and safety, 1, and environmental utions for complex en meet the specified n/ and the cultural, societal sed knowledge and research > ; considerations. thesis of the 4) Conduct investigations of complex pro ‘methods including design of experiments, analysis information to provide valid conclusions. | 5) Modern tool usage: Create, select, and ap engineering and IT tools including prediction 7 with an understanding ofthe imitations. 6) The engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual societal, health, safety, legal end cultural issues andthe consequent responsibil professional engineering practice > 7) Environment and sustainability: | and environmental contexts, blems: Use research-ba sand interpretation of data, and sy schniques, resources, and modem ply appropriate te complex engineering activities and modeling (0 knowledge to assess ities relevantto the rofessional engineering impact of the pt ed for Understand the femonstrate the knowledge of, and ne solutions in societal and sustainable development a) Ethics: Apply ethical princip ofthe engineering practice. 9) Individual and team work Function effectively as an individual, and as 2m : diverse teams, and inmultiisiplnary serine 10) Communication: Communicate effectively on compl engineering community and with society at effective reports and design documentation, mal clear instructions. 11) Project managem engineering and ma reader ina team, tomanagePr 12 Life-tong learning: Recosnit independent and life-fong earn inthe! nee peRREEEELRERES esand committo professional ethiesand responsibilities and norms rember or leader in ig activities with the lex engineerin id write being able to comprehend an and give and receive large, such as, ke effective presentations, nd understanding of the ce: Demonstrate knowledge @ mmber and es and apply these to one's own work, aS 8 me jnmultidisciplinary environments, vd have the preparation and ability 10 enBSE° in logical change. vent and finan mnagement principl jectsand the need for, broadest context of technol ste she nh DSS (Cds oe oe oe i oie oi oe ohe ake oe oe oe oe aK ok sk ok ok ok oe oe ae ie 2ledpurg ou a8aeypul jeonseig xe auydiasiq 3 Ayjemaund +g quaquop:q = e19: «—- Supyeurynoayg/uopequewraiduyy : g aSpajmouy aasinbasasg vy CS aderaay oc ToL mo Bol. |b |e [6] felons [Aeon sd" Fed [eel TIS OVI sseIID Pye Fosewsy Go ae Gol. ke |= | | [Fc lorie fhelbler fross *¥ og [S05) Gunwcsbarg Fenses| oS | am bol tle [Cle |e betoler[hz ois |resd ¥ Od [e 0D) Woe THISOY Sen boli |[elelele fclalic OU F Sa [eon] SNOPUS AUST Fern pus eames AIM] AL esp] be | \[—q + 4 a IFosg* F 8d | z 09] aSUN = 10eF Feenossip_emeN| -D Lo [\ | 2] +] 2] e[heleie rosa ‘FO | 20D purnegy Ddiwpuakg [sg aoe bolt [=< [ -e[-« [hetaixe FOS] *F03| 20D] BoyRoy SAPS |e azle(8 wires poe aro bef ile | =]= [be ien [ieee ra Pol _UTH Soren Abojedol_ bumsemeN [S| arg! bo] 1 |<] ©] |< | heltis heel [roy Fou FO RNG TT Uy puom wey foreman te ap] bel if] ClO] hele fhetelorrar ra] sa 3-70) pao She |r FL eles (osd/oa) usis free, |S 1G] 9 | @ | ¥ |uonentesg}uojsog] suosme on Aynseg wonenjeag joaieq [jo aieq | weaso1g | °? SUNAWIAAxA, xg TSS zOe — ' APA IIWIApEDy = was a 2S5eI9 =a ou FuRoSS Tao ay — auapms;o sue. LoL aweunseded WPOMIIN VSZLAINS syafqns mae 4920700 LNOdTY NOLLVN'IVAS SLNAWTAadXa (requinyy Jo Ayssoaqup 01 parenysy ‘enyseseyeW JO WON ¥ IYI9q MEN ALOIV Aq panoaddy) Ba ‘¥6-E66T : ‘PISA e: Burszaauibug fo abajo) ypuvy vAIpuy “WS LaLsaiN[ italedoung oH soypeay yalqns eb wongwageid a Supjump jeALD pis ronspeuy #9 Sutpueysuapu : g uojssiwgns aun wo: Y le $7 aderoay 4% TROL, [003 quatussassy taI0/zINQ /iS@q eATDaIGO + 5 bol y [eft [=] [rel eee] cog | tay © ON -qweuabissy Gol 1 [-el-c fe [|e [isle fazigled| 5 0g [zap ON yueursissy Pa E < ae! bol 1[-8|-e|-2[@ | bz TS 1s]helt[oe [e073 | tap Fon quswatssy | > M FTE IST ELE nmr usm] EB aaldeg | MOL TopeMTea yoaed | jo sied | wersong | 02 INAWNDISSY hac Sz=W9S ka, wropeoy. NaS +L a :ON [OW Fuvanes. ey XB — auapms so suey, moun retiacr MBOM LIN ValadWoy —:palqns aan 402037100 LUOdTA NOLLVNTVAA SLNAWNDISSV Gequiny so Ayssoatin 04 parenusy ‘enyseseyey Jo 305 y IYI2d MON ALDIV Aq paaoaddy) ¥6-£661 : pasa Guysaauybuq Jo aBayjo: Jypuv4) D.Ipuy ‘zws,Sub: Compuken Networks Bateh: 2 Rol] No. 54 £ Peximent Nig. t Ge TOTTI TTT | | | | |As white forange 2 orange — white JareenDate: ExPeg™meENnT Nott. AIM: study + of RT45 and cat-6 cabling and connection using comping boo | 4 5 APPARATUS: RT45 car cables Crimping Too), Lane “Tester: [THEORY : RINE cable is used for connect the All um and engineer station thruth a switch to comm- uni cation each ether. ik is used be download +, anu _modificatinn and hich is made jy graphics in engineering station — T b There ave two kinds of Ethetnet cable is, Used For ¢ommuni cali on A: stvaight Through, 2 css over cable Straight “through cable: ibis ethernet cables are the bandard cable Used fox almost all oseS and are offen ecujed "Patch cables" CROSSOVER CABLES : The purpose OF a cypssovey ethernet cable jis ko divectiy connect one computer to another Computer without ding q through a wuter switch or hubAT 6 cables: j 250 Mhz as @ band wi capaci by oy example ,and it offers Yo speed s bo 10 Gbps «jt! so_compaki bl both. acatG cable. js used mainh ws _coMmpuber nekvoyk reachin a 4B Loo S. Or one Gbps of data tsansfe eed COTR) or highe CRIMPING Tool: crimpers are tools used to make col joints bekween two wires wire an a connector, such as lugs. ideally the elec di mechani oper ties o. ye We o a as shona -a e parents. mafenals. evimpin fools « sized ing +e wi e acce conclusi'o, ence, e ablio Connect;Date: Ss |e | RS Pee Name: Aarya 8B. Sawank Batch: 3 Roll Now 52. Sub! Computer Networks Expesiment No:-?- a oe Se || S| PT PS a Fn oe || |Expesment Now Use basic Networtein, fin Ping command is used {£6 ensure that Or puke. communicate vee the hw. Pin nt) message can devies inkeone ec send Ue. ackek to oder fo ‘om: ke 1 ke ro ran 70 to ca echo essaqge; in. the. om waits Sponse back this Kecating Unb ik omMma muides details Such as:— ts transmitte, kebs veclued 6 t 2 an S$ 0 No. of Time tate e Tracer t: “The tx, cL ext co an ‘comm details ab, fakes From the com whi 10, vs ak, louie 0 cl or device Specié ever destinat, jou S> Nsloole. IS (0 et oDate: AM _netstak: netstat is a command that is used to display euting table, connection inko the Status OF povks, ebe. Thi command — work with linux hlw subsystem displays — conkent of |proc/net file defined in tinux Bile Sy sre 5), TP: Tre FP tool js Tep/IP interég configuration and gouting dhilihy tse ie configure and view oubiny , devices policy wouHng and funnels you can aad q ‘ also use jt ty Configure, hu In ben Fa Ces 6}_TE config: i ifconfig ts abilized tn opesation, Sy skeme. t that used to set ‘ow display IP address and netmask of niw interface fr algo provider commands fo -enable or dicabl an interFace. } contivstont Implernented Niw commands in Linux sucessfully, S| SE | S| SEE | ERE | URE SRY) EY |as Soo fet tee aos ria rete usr2 Gis Wy ) Date: Nome: Aerja B. Sawon b Batch: 3 Rell No Fo Sub! computes Networles Experiment No. a is a we may = =Date: Ex al a Aten 1 | Hep Qed switch | | FO. ’ | Yo | AN ethes e A : | phy Sica | | ayer C layer 1) oF the csr model. The device | 1S form of mul} : port pe dtew -R apter hub alty | Pashici pate in Collision detection , awarding 2 jam Signal to ait Povts iE tt detects. j Q colliston. ]] D> Swrtcy A network wikeh or Switching hub is a. gq device that Conncetg r computers net wostein, N|w eqments the” term commonly velers ty ~ 4 & nlw bddge that process. £ -wutes dato, ~ T L at dele LA ae (hwer 2) of osr mode]. Switchés that additionally process datq at ~ the blw layer Clayes 9 and above) axe ofFen., ~ T ee bere ol to as layer 8 Switches Or mulbbyer 7 Switch es:—___| =—>« ats 03 BD [ Date: -——— E [Pro J OCC dure ; —— set, : | [+ Sti=Launeh cisen Paswel feacer on [ep Smee dg : es Hi Stave wW projec Clicuin a of ‘Eile £0? ow by Sctei an? sag and Drop. devices, —— MleCt sidebas select vices" Aa dvaq fen PCs ints worlkespace «Then select " Hubs? Shep ou :- connect: Devices. Hse the." straignt through " cable. on. end drag it po desired pork On hub. & fete; welease to Make the connection. Step. 05 ;_ confiquse TP address. click on PC» " config" —> Give. TP: address, Step 66 %— save. the Poojech SEeP OF = Tesh the experiment: Now, fest basic pehvorte connectivity. pen a command. On each Pc and by fo. ping the “Other Pog in. NIw using phe ¢° i) res)cise acket Tracer on oa: Drag and Drop. devices From [ett sidebar Select " End devices" and draq few Pes into woneSpace +hen Select: Switch" pose ea by irda) FO [Sp 88) bag and droq a switen into workspace + Step ou: connect devices use the Straight Trough" cable type ko Senneck the Pcs the Switch. clice on cable ead ,droq it to desire poxt on switch and release to make the connechon Step 6: configure _IP address click on Pe > Sconftig'—s Give IP_add-vresg Sletp 06: Save the pwieck Step OF : Test the-€xpenmen t- + Now, test Baste lw Connectiviky « open command. prompt each. Pc and bry fo Ping the Pos in pt ing theiv: IP address. CONCLUSTON: Understood different topologies. using Hue ond Switch. 4 eeepc yo we ey — aPIT PTE PEPE PEEP EE | fle iSor Ux waasanasasaaal! Anomanegees eae le feeuaiheni nll uagduantssesag|] eee WP tiaaQgogisassName: Aa: B. Sawant: ollNo. 54 Branch: ToT Batch: 3. Subi_computer Networle. Experiment no. 4 » SS Le Se |e aE | eae | ees | wreNt Date:___ Experiment No: H+ ATM: ss M Tokefacing of two different Networle. Using Router. Theova 7 a Roukere A_wutes ig an elechonic device after inter connect two or move compurer hehvorks. interchange 8. packets of data between and Selechan jares chang ed. packs o¢ data each data packek contains. address Info. that router can uge to detewmine of Souvce. and destination .ave_an Same- niw or: if data packet must be vans fered) fiom one fylw to _anothes where multiple, zourevs . ave used _in large rollection of interconnected. T Niws the oupess Exchanges - informat on about forget ysrero addvess So that each mutes can build up Jable. Showing the Preffewed paths Benen, any 2 Syatem on th jnkerconnected Dehweorus . >) Gabe In _Lommunicalion nehuorks a network ¢ fow Focing with amother nehoorle that Bses- different protocal A gateway may contain devices such ag protocal keansfter, \mpendance , matching cate. Convertes eic. as. impedance. mas ching eFC a8 to pou de Syster [nierperalifily S| |] ||P | PE ETP HB REE ET | | RPE PRE RES | || BP | PP A oka9) Date:__— Pro cedure: = !) ope Pen cisco Packet fracer and create new il Prleck usin, Ckr| + = 7 Drag and “dwop. came Peg fom “end devices" f) Ora and dwp ruler (eq. cisco 2911) from. __- ULers Cake gony onto wovespace and + Switch Ceq. Switch -PT) fom switch - 5 connect the device use" connect tool to connect Pes inith Switches. and connect both. gwifthes: with mute bo giga ethernet DASsign TT -addeess: Click on Pe —" Config" —» Give tp address. Chote: Different neo having different different Services of TP addwess). | 5) Enable wou Hng 1 confiqure the qouley bo enable outing behveen jhe 2 different nur fow configure sae routers, THe enable He Ip addwess 192-168.20.255-255.0, HE Exit [Re Interface 1 Giga ether O]0 —s rp. a hess 142-168-1) t— Pouler Tatertace :— Giga etheroll Ip address. = 142-168-901 a | | | | | S| | || | | | RE |||] BS RE] SR | 1 HE « mtIM B)} Date:_____— Ds QUE the Configuration and_ Save pspjeck. ’ : I Dvesty the Connectivity bet the 2m nlws VYy— Pinging devices from diff: olw ConcLuston: q_& Sucessfully igter faced 2 diff. mle Casing Wouters. patedName: Aanja Bhiva Sawank- Sub + comeniee. Nehwork Batch % Rol} No: 54 Expessment Now & gSuild Simple Nekworle tywpology a “eniqure i} fos dynamin cows Theo: a hop count QS ub : find the Bese between source and desHnah Nekwowl. Is dishance Vector qouk soho: tha} has ue 2 nd works. on the neha layer of osr model. RIP SES ove Number 20: Fratures of Rip 4 UPOPTES oF py ehwork are. exchanged Pesodically t 2: OPdares’ ane always bead cast » 3+ Full “puking tables we_senk in updates, Ay Routes. alae s Tus & routing info. recieved. From neigh mutes This. Ala ag. outing we. Tt0 PS brag pe ROP “device a and dv £u09 i cisco 2411 eule Cisco age, wishes and Pes. onto work 3- connect outers | Stwo outers usin. ethern | Cables . You_can Gigabit Ethermet is Face. Fo +h; Purpose. Hi connect switches. Senpect cach outer bo cisco 2960 using cihhesnet cabt IS Comneat Pog: connect. Pach isco 2360 switch bo the i etherne L cables Pes using 6. con fiqure. Ip Addeess. ConPiqure xp. address Toutere Inler Paces conneck g engi to switches & The PC jntesface. Ra : Igo. LJ24 Ros 142 162.2- 1/24 Ps 142.168. J. alny Le : 142. 68.4 .3)24 Pa: 192/68-2.2 )24Ss Test Sonne ctivity. Conctusion: i 23 oP ly Imple mented, dynamite wuking suce lyJame: Be Sawant Sub: _com Nehoowtle Roll No-Sa Babch “3 experiment No-6 SD = E E LE E EB LE E E L E B E E i E E E E E E E L E knN Date:______—— AIM: Ss a ehoork discov: Eoo Nmap TSS a Scan asl AN. ist Scan ts specified with the com - mand line potion. ipja. used bo park — Q_ jis bof target posts €or higher level Fune , rf Hohality Such as part scanning 10S " 7 bi deckati al Honor ping scanning cann + 3 With - : SI. Nmap sh) pesfosme Tevers<- DAIS resolution on host ko Jeasn thele Nomes. i also reports fota| number of IP addvess a} the end end list can is. a 4ood Sanity check fo ensure that you. hove prop se xe add. fow yous targets A lisk Scan can hele confam exactly what. f forgets fA list scan con help oon fio XacHy what forge} are. berng Scanned v ; it provides informatinn that may/be vgeful in Choosing which tndiviuals machines to. farget ihis a dequrare form of host that. gimply jisk each hes} om jw Specified, writhouk sending an pockets to tayqe# hos} 2> IeP_ syn Ping The Ps option gends_an empty “TCP packe} with the Sy Flaq fest The default deshmahor post _{s ge but an altemate part. can be f as a param bbers . Tt Suqges} to the } SpecifiedDate:____— ee ot hat you _ = i bemed _— and close a & can Scan open i = i } States the destination pert = ; and RST (to reset) accel ——_ Lory) i be Sent back te past in OPE? th & target wit) jake second Step of TCP wee way ding with Syn * + he Cenneckt on. handshae by -pespon TeP pacve b. a DTCP Ack Ping: if is Similaw to SyN ping the difference ig Phat the Top Ace flag + is Set Inskad of SYN Flaq Vr uses Same i” defautt Povk as SYN pote iS fo_maqzimise ‘he chaages chancec AE fiqne- walls | this preverts other intoming Connection while 7 : ourgoi na connecHore au) ins, usess 10 mauve do interne} T 4 Trae€ route +3 | Tice roures ave penformed pork Scan using confiqure Pc IP's 4 client Pc TP: 142: 168: pa tt net masle » 255 .2S5'52SS5'O OcFout caqatrewory + 192'/68.11. J Sewer Po +IPp: 392. 168-4-3 —_Peluuk Joe way, 142-168 14d J ees =\ Date: TS sckup and TP sewer SJW epplicaton liv ‘ i —Ton the serves pe ete Bil a_semer. 4 ; Sto setup Tp. ke somes A 4 5 5s) confiqure ETP Senvew- ao we aa So Yous sewer sjw, contraure = a the sewers ko jisken on specifia past and sehup Web user accounts with approppake permission ©) Start the €TP sewer - L DAcess FTP client on Pe B)connect +o ETP sewes: 4) Transfes: Cile- one connected you Can use~ the FTP clrent © upload or download Files. bo From the server. ae the tLrans Ferre onclusion: Successfully File eranséer and access Using ETP* a T LttDate: Name ? Aang B. Sawant Ro}) No. 51 Branch : TOT Batch :3 Seth: computerr Nehworle Assi ngnmenk No: 4. ga EL IDate: | ASsingnmenk No: -oL Fa fespiain in chavk tne different type oe nokoorh ~~ dftocal Arca Network, CLan) — ] —]| Host Host CT ETRPCEETtE SK Lens re T = ab Common in | af cove able et Sn a LAN with common cable 1 HOSE : the > GP v 6s pxotoca| Ore asi follows tou us the bace, heades Simplifex and Seded behveen and ie’ datas This. peeds UB. the mmroubn PECes® | Beco “mos LoForthien Option’ . joo Nok need. koubesicheeke ds by Lo Ubene. nd tlios 2 } Wy) SL h Jno2 P2 New soptiong: > Sit. of ~b. shure Ifve has New options to aliow Pore yun ¢ Deri additional Chonatiitielg 4 45, 1 sa Ca b 2essbhn® $ansuq Is) AllourKa Pose | -@xtensiony ise dewtgyeys nt) “OOS tye Hektension [IER bthe spr tocenl i itovequivedi bye Aleiy feeb nologies’ orev avp icaonsid Siig Woe hove - orp 1 dw bo ET aps ol baogesn ay© } Date ip cupport for wesource allocati, sup oki 5) Support. Fos more osecun by. The _everyption and Aubben tie 1; ahi gp TevG provides coniden bi gi eetons inkeqwity. oF the pack eb. ~ tang. Addwess “Types: Dunicask: Addves A unicast: addvess detine. Sia Slagle “laa Fay eithes: a campubere low wow es: the ; senk to & Unicast addvess wit) Cpe ~ fe wpute d__to_ the intended vecipien L. 2> Anucasl pddweban. An anycast address defines rn that al hare.) O.Single addwess --f packet with anycas t- address its delivered to. only /one Member OF the iqsoup) the most mwegehable one An. any cask communication | Sed when there are Senval server hat can respond to an inguiryThe hardware! and. i SofE ware ‘qenemctte Only Jone copy oF the request +he copy _ weaches only ane of the. Server Tpve does not designate ia Block for any Casting the address) ave -assiqned frorn. the unicast bloc. ifs] Multicask addressing Te also idetine: a Grup. OF Computes -Hene | eoch member’ of the. Gvoup recives. a Copy TPVG hag designated a blocke For } Mulkicasting From Which +he Same J iS assigned to member o@ Qroup. explain Nerwoovk Addwege- Treanstation. The distibution: 9¢ addres 3s throug h + ange of address. -oF addvessies bol a. Sith? buniness Fs0uI 8» 65 heeds. large wang? The be able to Gran the addvesseg fo @ Small wange - mall. i beg? ness. 2 the househoy a. Isp Mey hot J. the tdemana because : before ond after man qe Y beer cWloted. “£5 Othere ¢ —_En__most Situchong hotrener only a f —Pesthion of Computer ino smouy WM) wo. heed acess to indernot This means,Date; vo NW erat vc allocate addvesy, as! have to match the numbe~. 7 WO ey nok mmuni cation protocol: fer both ch small) usiness. , wo Eton Can Use 4 inkernal an g Ss trtvense The tech nology that can pwvi and at the same ‘dime private inehworls -IS NAT. 4, dem : between the private and anivecsal adit bre: en Pew virtua (pte fT LF. | ---—-—¢©" TE Soins at [ | t (721g. { 1 x\— 5 x NAT Tahun ie reht PoE Toute [49+ 12-3-3 Pets terre (he ining peivake addysnren Og. Hamming ‘code 10 Datalink Vay evr st — |_A‘frame consi. of message brts ‘mw & ereductan bs Wit + ae! fal tength: of Prime, = ne mst Where “n= code word Code words - Considers an £4. OF two; Dato: 7 - a ——}L Trahsinitted [st | Wyo tie] — ! aan 10 e1| —ex-oR- Coll orlo OpereHore [read ] Pajioad [rail My are “The count of No. oF it ts in aboue example is 4 The number Of bik position in which the two code word differs is called. hamming distance. The hamming a4 &E Cd) io ‘abouz example is 4 j-e de The emo detecting and cups sennecting Properties Of a cede depends. on ts. hamming distance. To detect ‘g! Sven One Needs a distance Cd#4) code because with uch Aade. there is no Wau that tt ingle bik. emor'g can chan qe. a valid code wWoesd, ‘oto Nother veti d code word . When weeiver Sees an invalid code wos d it can belL-#ee gSeuvce that can enor. has Cured bik hamming code: bits (fowty ite ore Darabase )~ Te this tode insewked blu breDate; peélips | p4| Ds: oc 4) Daitd bres. Dalp, Pe Pon bie boot |Name: Aayya 8. Sawank Rel) No. 54 Boteh: 3 Sub: Computes Nehoorte Assiqment O.8 \ og2: ye (o) U Date: VO jos bASSign ment Nous i Explaiio Pull) ipyotoed| “in application layer — Deep! 2) Ftp Jo Heer] The applicah'on layer js the topmost layers In 0ST amd «TeP) TP) model. They Faciliake’ communicaHion and data shanna between 1S]w iapp|> on i yawnious nin devices, eHttp. stands. Cow Hypertext tronsfes pavtocol. This iprotocel lic useduts accesses data Pom Ww The Hypertext igs wey orqanised idocumentab'on. Sygken that | used to Mol pages tnitext document: stk is based oln Clien}. isewve model. biti vseg- Top fox establishing “connecton. “ik ts av ctateless» protocol wWhich- means. the servers doen't —mdintain any in fom about pal vewus reg wes & fom lied £- clip uses pow ipumber 180 for estoblishing connechion Ht Es oP] FIP st S Por File transfers pyvtoco | ik ta~the ostoco) that actual! Jet's Ug. stew | Files jt can Faciliabate Tints bb). any ‘two foachines Using ik tDate: But _¢rp is not'jusl a proto tk Bat ie f . also a _pyoq ram - T at files vio mernote CormPubensg, kh and efficient data Sranater the lian A se fox FTP iS 20 For daka an 244 3 Qual % conhy | command: fip Machine Explayn. conection = yan 2.) 4 ns Jayers. uf ins | He ansport Loy ere invosy , 1 8 sesponsible — Cor LOS HG blu two Li re devices’ oan J Haan SE ay sce f Sng eae eae ca -S__CONNE| chon, Manawameat 3 i ProCeg¢. tho mogy J Common poototal used. ion et “this purpase” doonsib ssi con bso} Pemtoce| (rcp) Here's ay Overy jew. by fonnechon Managme -prmceg yniTep; TTCP tyne 2 ey hand chate: ibs a pce! used ft. ectatliic b Connechion blu a clients Gnd Senver tk Ensuye thad both PrAHeS gee rea dy fo Send and | recive — T ata hice -tnvollueg Shepbs' a ya) piabes ) Syne Csyacmmived) :The clien} initial ent . ‘ TAP Seq m Coonech ow bu endingDate: The -thyee arth pares . exchange hits beep. the .' beacle- | helPS in | ansene ucome tic od 4 ny Once fanne cy Ine leang 50