MECHANICAL DESIGN OF PROCESS EQUIPMENT

(CH2061)
CHAPTER 4: TESTING - CHAPTER: REVIEW
1. While testing with liquid penetrant, a wire brush should be used for pre-cleaning:
a. When grinding burrs must be removed
b. When grease and oil must be removed
c. Only as a last resort
d. When rust is to be removed
2. Maximum temperature at tip of inner cone of Oxyacetylene Torch can reach to
a. ~4400ºC c. ~3400ºC
b. ~2400ºC d. ~1400ºC
3. Which are the impurity elements may make respectively carbon steel hot brittleness and
cold brittleness?
a. S, P c. Si , Mn
b. Ni, Mn d. Mg, Cr
4. The testing pressure of storage tanks and pressure vessels designed in general should
be about __________ times.the design pressure.
a. 3 to 4 c. 1.5 to 2
b. 4 to 5 d. > 5
5. Which requirements are very important for the engineer at designing work?
a. Capacity of equipment
b. Selecting materials
c. The cost of equipment
d. Technology features of equipment
6. Instead of acetylene, following gases can be used for Oxyacetylene welding
a. Propane c. Natural gas
b. Hydrogen d. Propylene
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 4 c. 3
b. 1 d. 2
7. A common use of ultrasonic testing is:
a. Cleaning
b. Detecting of sub-surface indications
c. Communications
d. Determination of the test piece ductility
8. Arc shielding material used in Submerged Arc Welding is
a. all of these c. Gas
b. granular flux d. Electrode coating
9. Weld efficiency coefficient characterizes the quality of:
a. Quality of welder c. Design of equipment
b. Welding materials d. The welding method
10. When steel is often added to some other metals such as chromium, nickel,
molybdenum, manganese, silicon, titanium, ... the character of the steel will have:
a. changes and becomes stainless steel
b. no changes
c. Quality reduction
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 0 c. 3
b. 1 d. 2
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11. A liquid penetrant process in which excess penetrant is removed with an organic
solvent is called:
a. Water washable c. Solvent removable
b. Dual method d. Post-emulsified
12. Where does the maximum tensile strength occur in a thick cylindrical vessel subjected
to internal pressure?
a. At the inner surface.
b. At the mid thickness of the cylindrical wall.
c. At the outer surface.
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 2 c. 0
b. 1 d. 3
13. What is ASME ?
a. American Society of Mechanical Engine
b. American Science of Measure Engineers
c. American Society of Mechanical Engineers
d. Australian Society for Music Education
14. Connecting processes which produces coalescence of materials by heating a filler
metal having a liquidus above 450ºC and below the solidus of the base metals are called
a. Riveting
b. Welding
c. screwing
d. Soldering / Brazing
15. What are subjects of the Welding Sequence in manufacturing of chemical equipment?
a. Minimizing the weld distortion
b. Getting better cooling rates
c. Making a complete joint penetration
d. Showing the difficulties of manufacturing
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 1 c. 2
b. 3 d. 4
16. To examine integral strength and sealing of a vessel, the suitable test is
____________.
a. hydrostatic test c. Ultrasound test
b. Magnetic test. d. Liquid test
17. Which one of following statement is wrong?
a. The compressive strength of a ductile material is less than its tensile strength.
b. The value of crushing load is more than that of buckling load for long columns.
c. In a thick cylindrical shell, the hoop stress is maximum at the inner radius.
d. The tensile strength of a brittle material is less than its compressive strength.
18. What is the risk associated with using a wire brush during pre-cleaning of the liquid
penetrant testing?
a. Bristles from the wire brush may cause false indications
b. Contaminants from the wire brush may cause delayed hydrogen cracking of high carbon
steels
c. The wire brush may not adequately remove organic soils
d. The wire brush may close or smear metal over
19. After welding is complete, to increase the corrosion resistance of welds, it must do
a. Cleaning the weld but not removing the oxide scales because they protect the weld
surface.
b. Cleaning the weld and tempering the weld
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c. Cleaning the weld, removing the oxide scales on the weld
d. none of these
20. A discontinuous structure in a vessel will produce
a. Edge stress c. Shear stress
b. Bending stress d. Torsion
21. What are the expansion joint for the pressure vessel?
a. Compensator c. Floating head
b. Open joint d. Communicator
22. To calculate the tensile strength of equipment , it must first determine:
a. Choosing the qualified welder
b. The technical parameters of the equipment
c. The allowable stress of the material to making equipment
d. Manufacturing Technology
23. If welding is done on a pressure vessel, what documentation do you need?
a. Purchase Order
b. Payment bill
c. requirements and standards of National Board
d. Work Order
24. Bending stress generated in the weld would weaken the structure, because:
a. At the weld, metal becomes more flexible
b. At the weld, metal becomes brittle
c. At the weld, quality of metal is higher
d. At the weld, quality of metal is lower
25. When you select the type of welding joint, it depends on:
a. Materials c. Welding methods
b. The weld position d. The technology of welding
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 2 c. 1
b. 4 d. 3
26. Oxyacetylene Welding is performed by a high temperature flame from combustion of
acetylene and oxygen. It is a/an
a. Fusion welding c. All of these
b. Resistant welding d. Solid State welding
27. Resistance Spot Welding is classified as
a. Arc Welding
b. Clad Welding
c. Shield Gas Welding
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 3 c. 2
b. 1 d. 0
28. There is a jacketed vessel. Its inner vessel is subjected to full vacuum, and its jacket is
subjected to internal pressure 0.5 MPa, The working temperature is less than 100oC.
Determine the following parameters:
a. The hydrostatic test pressure of the inner vessel is 0.65 MPa and the hydrostatic test
pressure of the jacket is 0.75 MPa.
b. The hydrostatic test pressure of the inner vessel is 0.75 MPa and the hydrostatic test
pressure of the jacket is 0.75 MPa.
c. The hydrostatic test pressure of the inner vessel is 0.75 MPa and the hydrostatic test
pressure of the jacket is 0.65 MPa.
d. The hydrostatic test pressure of the inner vessel is 0.65 MPa and the hydrostatic test
pressure of the jacket is 0.65 MPa.
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29. Objectives of the regulations and standardization are:
a. Reduction of production costs
b. Facilitating communication between operators and manufacturers
c. Increased reliability
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 3 c. 2
b. 0 d. 1
30. The most effective NDT method for locating surface cracks in ferromagnetic materials
is:
a. Magnetic particle testing c. Ultrasonic testing
b. Radiographic testing d. Liquid penetrant testing
31. when the temperature is getting higher, the yielding stress and the elastic modulus
E of iron based steel are getting .
a. lower c. higher
b. harder d. Softer
32. In the phase of design of equipment, the designer must:
a. appoint the method of welding
b. choose the welder
c. prepare the edge
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 1 c. 0
b. 2 d. 3
33. A developer aids penetrant bleed out while testing with liquid penetrant because of:
a. Proper emulsifier action
b. Providing a contrasting background for visible dye indications
c. Capillary action
d. Adequate removal of the excess penetrant
34. Which fracture mode of bolt connection is undesirable for design engineer?
a. Brittle Failure c. Moderately Ductile Failure
b. Ductile Failure d. Fatigue
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 1 c. 2
b. 3 d. 4
35. To calculate the thickness of a glazed reactor made of compound materials (Ceramic
and steel), which factor is to be considered for the calculation?
a. allowable stress of ceramic c. the strain of both materials
b. MAWP of reactor d. the strength of both materials
36. Which one is the main character of austenitic steel: .
a. non magnetic c. non weldable
b. brittle d. magnetic
37. Acid Resistant steels are the kind of alloy steels which are resistant to the corrosion
caused by acid or strong caustic media, are called
a. Chromium Stainless Steel
b. Chromium-nickel Stainless Steel
c. Stainless Steel
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 1 c. 3
b. 2 d. 0
38. A cladding in steel plate would be classified as what type of discontinuity in the
magnetic particles testing?
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a. Magnetizing c. Inherent
b. Processing d. Service
39. The common heat treatments of steel are
a. Forging and pressing c. Annealing and normalizing
b. Annealing and rolling d. Forging and Annealing
40. Working range of a chemical equipment is at..
a. relatively low or high temperature; low vacuum or very high pressure.
b. high temperature and high pressure
c. low vacuum and high pressure
d. low temperature and low vacuum
41. Oxyfuel Gas Welding can be used to
a. bind material
b. separate material
c. brazing and heating metals
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 2 c. 0
b. 1 d. 3
42. The value of Poison’s ratio of steel is
a. 0.1 – 0.2. c. 0.27 – 0.3
b. 0.4-0.5 d. 0.3 – 0.4
43. The units of Young's modulus of elasticity and __________ are the same.
a. strain c. modular ratio
b. stress d. force
44. Coalescence of part surfaces in Solid State Welding is achieved by
a. Pressure c. Pressure
b. Heat d. Time
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 4 c. 2
b. 1 d. 3
45. Which of the following is a function of a developer of liquid penetrant testing method?
a. All of them
b. Providing a contrasting background for visible dye indications
c. Accentuates presence of discontinuities by causing a penetrant indication to spread out
over a larger area
d. Provides capillary paths to aid the bleed out process
46. The selecting materials for manufacturing equipment
a. Must conform to technical requirements
b. Ensure reliable chemical corrosion and mechanical properties for equipment in
working conditions
c. Must be biodegradable
d. As cheap as possible
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 4 c. 2
b. 3 d. 1
47. The hydrostatic test may be replaced by a pneumatic test?
a) No, the hydrostatic test should be used only
b) No, hydrostatic test must be followed by a pneumatic test
c) Yes, when the hydrostatic test cannot be done.
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 1 c. 2
b. 3 d. 0
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48. When joining the two details together with welding such as lap-joint weld, butt weld,
fillet weld , the thickness of the two parts must be:
a. all of them true c. thick enough
b. Equal d. Not equal
49. Ultrasonic testing is:
a. Mechanical energy with a speed of propagation faster than the speed of sound
b. Mechanical vibrations below the frequency of human hearing
c. The science of discontinuity detection using ultrasonic sound
d. Sound which has a frequency or pitch above the range of the human ear
50. The plate edge preparation before welding depends on:
1/ Method of welding
2/ Welding joint
3/ Thickness of material
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 0 c. 1
b. 2 d. 3
51. Why is the operation temperature for the design of pressure vessel important?
a. for calculation of cooling capacity of air conditioner
b. for isolation work
c. temperature relates with pressure
d. properties of material change with temperature
52. Which of the following pre-cleaning processes in liquid penetrant testing is not
recommended?
a. Detergent cleaning c. Shot blasting
b. Ultrasonic cleaning d. Vapour degreasing
53. Fields generated in ferromagnetic material with AC current are useful for locating:
a. All discontinuities c. Subsurface discontinuities
b. Surface cracks d. Internal porosity
54. What is the symbol of low carbon steel, which have following property:
a. CCT45 c. CT45
b. BCT45 d. C45
55. To weld two different thickness details together, it shall be:
a. Apply more material into thinner so that they have the equal thickness.
b. Shape down the material of the thicker detail to the thickness equal to other detail so
that the two details have equal thickness.
c. Using the intermediate ring How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 2 c. 1
b. 0 d. 3
56. Who can do the welding work on a pressure vessel?
a. Anyone c. licensed welder
b. Design engineer d. Weld inspector
57. Which are the useful impurity elements in carbon steel are?
a. Cr, Mg c. Pb, Hg
b. Ca, Mo d. Mn,Si
58. The ratio of lateral strain to linear strain is termed as the
a. modulus of elasticity c. bulk modulus
b. shear modulus d. Poisson's ratio
59. What is a weep-hole?
a. Vent hole c. Hole for measure instruments
b. Inspection hole d. Greasing hole
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60. Why is the operation temperature for the design of pressure vessel important?
a. for calculation of cooling capacity of air conditioner
b. for isolation work
c. temperature relates with pressure
d. properties of material change with temperature
61. To weld two different thickness details together, it shall be:
a. Apply more material into thinner so that they have the equal thickness.
b. Shape down the material of the thicker detail to the thickness equal to other detail so
that the two details have equal thickness.
c. Using the intermediate ring
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 2 c. 1
b. 0 d. 3
62. Who can do the welding work on a pressure vessel?
a. Anyone c. licensed welder
b. Design engineer d. Weld inspector
63. Which of the following discontinuity types could typically be found with a liquid
penetrant test?
a. Fatigue cracks c. Internal slag in a weld
b. Sensitization in austenitic stainless steel d. Internal slag in a casting
64. Acceptable methods of liquid penetrant application are:
a. Spraying b. Dipping c. Brushing
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 0 c. 2
b. 1 d. 3
65. Is a container with a vacuum inside a pressure vessel?
a. No, that is not c. Only in special cases
b. if vacuum is deep enough d. Yes, that is
66. A column is 15.000 mm tall with atmospheric pressure at the top and contains full
water. How much pressure [kPa] is at the bottom of the tank?
a. ~ 150 kPa c. 0 kPa
b. ~ 250 kPa d. ~ 53 kPa
67. The ratio of lateral strain to linear strain is termed as the
a. modulus of elasticity c. bulk modulus
b. shear modulus d. Poisson's ratio
68. What is a weep-hole?
a. Vent hole c. Hole for measure instruments
b. Inspection hole d. Greasing hole
69. Corrosion rate 10 mm / year meant the material being considered:
a. Durable c. Very durable
b. corrosion non-resistant, Unstable d. corrosion resistant
70. Repeated cycling of the load is the main factor for
a. tensile stress
b. Brittleness
c. shear stress
d. Fatigue
71. The most important safety device on a pressure vessel is
a. Ventilation valve c. Pressure Gauge
b. Pressure Regulator d. Over-pressurization Device
72. Piping system failures are caused by :
i) Welding problems
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 ii) Poor compensation
iii) Damage during field fabrication and erection
iv) Using restraint
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 4 c. 2
b. 3 d. 1
73. In a .........riveted joint, the rivets in the various rows are opposite to each other.
a. chain c. diamond
b. none of these d. zig-zag
74. Corrosion rate is
a. none of them
b. thickness in m of abrasive material per year
c. Weight changing per specific surface and hour
d. Corrosion grade
75. Rivets are generally specified by the
a. none of these c. head diameter
b. overall length d. shank diameter
76. The ratio of shear stress to shear strain is called
a. modulus of rigidity c. bulk modulus
b. shear modulus d. modulus of elasticity
77. The time period during which liquid penetrant remains on the surface of the test piece
is called:
a. Soaking time c. Dwell time
b. Fixing time d. Development time
78. Circumferential (hoop) stress in a thin cylindrical vessel under internal pressure is
__________ the longitudinal stress.
a. equal to c. eight times
b. half d. twice
79. Where would you expect to find the pressure vessel name plate?
a. On a pressure vessel support. c. At the manway opening.
b. On control panel d. Just below the safety valve.
80. A dark crescent shaped spot indicated in the radiographic testing clearly in the base
metal adjacent to a weld would probably be:
a. A water spot on the film c. A crack
b. Film crimp mark d. Burn through
81. Which material can provide corrosion resistance at low cost ?
a. Ceramic c. Plastic
b. Alloy steel d. Wood
82. Composite (compound) materials are
a. used for improved optical properties
b. made mainly to improve temperature resistance
c. made with strong fibers embedded in weaker and softer matrix to obtain strength better
than strength of both matrix and filler.
d. made with strong fibers embedded in weaker and softer matrix to obtain strength better
than strength of matrix.
83. The colour of fluorescent penetrant under the presence of a UV light in using for the
liquid penetrant testing is:
a. Red c. Green
b. Yellow-green d. Blue
84. Which properties are needed for equipment working at high pressure, made of
materials to prevent explosion and easily replaced?
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 a. Extremely durable, expensive
b. Less durable, inexpensive
c. Same material with other details
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 3 c. 2
b. 1 d. 0
85. Which following failure forms are usual respectively for a flanged joint?
a. plastic deformation c. rupture
b. buckling d. leakage
86. What is the difference between 1mm H2O and 1mm of Hg in pressure measurement?
a. None of these c. 1mm H2O greater than 1mm Hg
b. There is no difference d. 1mm H2O less than 1mm Hg
87. For a rolled cylindrical shell, the nominal diameter is
a. The design diameter c. The inner diameter of the shell.
b. The diameter of the midline of the shell d. The outer diameter of the shell
88. Magnetic particles testing is used to find subsurface discontinuities in:
a. Soft steels with low permeability c. Hardened steels with high permeability
b. Hardened steels with low permeability d. Soft steels with high permeability
89. Correction factor in the formula for determining stress, is defined by:
a. working conditions of equipment c. Technologies
b. Material of equipment d. Average life expectancy
90. What is AWS standing for ?
a. Air Warning Service c. Amazon Web Services
b. American Welding Society Standards d. American Working Standards
91. Common limitations of use of plastics are:
a. low temperature c. high pressure
b. high temperature d. corrosion
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 3 c. 2
b. 4 d. 1
92. The stress corrosion cracking is caused from
a. false operation c. an externally applied load
b. Temperature d. Operators
93. How many statement(s) of following statements is (are) false?
a. Riveting provides a permanent fastening method.
b. The joint made by overlapping of one plate over the other, and then riveting the
two plates together with two rows of rivets is called 'double riveted butt joint'.
c. Shank diameter of the rivets should be less than the size of the hole drilled in the
plate for riveting.
d. The efficiency of a riveted joint is the ratio of the strength of the riveted joint to
the strength of the solid plate.
a. 1 c. 4
b. 3 d. 2
94. The choice of welding method depends on:
a. Material and geometry of the weld c. The technology of welding
details d. Facilities of the factory
b. The skill level of factory
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 3 c. 4
b. 2 d. 1
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a. plasma
95. Which welding
kind of following welding method is not c. arc
a fusion
welding
welding ?
b. oxyfuel gas welding d. friction welding
96. The shear strain in a pressure vessel is zero.
a. Just only under internal pressure c. That is false
b. That is true d. It depends from loads
97. Consumable electrodes used in Arc Welding is added to weld joint as
a. electrodes b. filler material c. Slag
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 0 c. 2
b. 1 d. 3
98. Lap joints are preferred for plates having thickness ........... mm.
a. > 5 c. 5 - 10
b. < 12.5 d. > 3
99. 'Factor of safety' is very important in equipment design. It is defined as the ratio of the
a. ultimate stress to working stress. c. none of these
b. ultimate stress to breaking stress. d. working stress to ultimate stress.
100. In welding process, penetration zone is defined as
a. Heat affected zone b. Transformation zone c. Coarse-grained HAZ
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 3 c. 0
b. 1 d. 2
101. A seam would be classified as what type of discontinuity in the magnetic particles
testing?
a. Service c. Processing
b. magnetizing d. Inherent
102. Cheap built, simple shapes, easy manufactured, correct tolerances and uses
standard parts etc are features of equipment, which can be considered as:
a. Ensure engineering b. Logical structure c. Easy operation
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 3 c. 0
b. 2 d. 1
103. Pressure vessels are:
a. Thinned wall vessels
b. Thick walled, Propane bottles Gas cylinders
c. Storage tanks, Transportable Containers
d. Beer bottles
How many above statement(s) is (are) correct?
a. 2 c. 3
b. 4 d. 1
104. Who has the absolute competence over your pressure vessels?
a. State c. Police
b. Testing company d. International standard
105. The main subjects of designing the equipment are :
a. all of them c. High yield strength
b. Convenience and safety d. Cheap and economic efficiency
106. In a cylindrical vessel subjected to internal pressure, the longitudinal stress and
the circumferential stress, are related by
a.
b.
c. no relation exists
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d.
107. Austenitic Steel 18-8 is expensive but often used in the chemical industry, because it
has the properties:
a. Heat resistant b. Resistance to chemical corrosion c. Easy to process
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 0 c. 1
b. 2 d. 3
108. Standardized parts for chemical equipment are often used, because:
a. It is cheap and readily
b. It is convenient to: use, replace, repair and assemble
c. It is supplied only from reputable supplier
d. It can supplied from non reputable supplier
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 1 c. 4
b. 2 d. 3
109. Metal surfaces lined with rubber provide cost effective solution to resist abrasion and
to control corrosion for
a. acid storage tank c. jacketed vessel
b. heat exchanger d. distillation column
110. What is material fatigue?
a. Destruction of material under over load action
b. Destruction of material under alternate load action
c. Added thickness of material for safety
d. Compensation load action
111. Which plastic can be used until 250ºC ?
a. Polyethylenes c. Polyvinyl chloride
b. Polytetrafluoroethylene d. Polypropylene
112. Weld form, weld positions are set out in _______ by design engineer.
a. Parts listing c. Job order
b. Joint design d. Calculation sheet
113. Maximum working pressure of a boiler is (are):
a. The maximum allowable working pressure for a vessel is the maximum pressure
permissible at the bottom of the vessel in its normal operating position at the
designated coincident temperature specified for that pressure.
b. The maximum allowable working pressure for a vessel is the maximum pressure
permissible at the top of the vessel in its normal operating position at the designated
coincident temperature specified for that pressure.
c. The pressure that will create stresses in the shell that equal the allowable
stresses given in the material section of the code How many definition(s) is (are)
correct?
a. 2 c. 1
b. 0 d. 3
114. Low alloy steel is defined with following composition
a. - C < 0.2% -Alloy elements: 1. *Mn 2~2.5% 2. *Si Cr Ti V Nb Ni Al… 0.15 ~ 0.6%
b. - C < 0.2% -Alloy elements: 1. *Mn 1~1.5% 2. *Si Cr Ti V Nb Ni Al…. 0.015 ~ 0.6%
c. - C > 0.2% -Alloy elements: 1. *Mn 2~2.5% 2. *Si Cr Ti V Nb Ni Al… 0.15 ~ 0.6%
d. - C > 0.2% -Alloy elements: 1. *Mn 1~2.5% 2. *Si Cr Ti V Nb Ni Al… 0.015 ~ 0.6%
115. The designer of chemical equipment’s details obliges to think about following working
conditions:
a. Start-up condition
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b. Overused can occur when equipment is at operating phase
c. Shut-down phase of operating
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 1 c. 0
b. 3 d. 2
116. Which following details are not considered as shell:
a. Casing wall of bag filter
b. The rotor of the centrifugal sedimentation
c. Body, bottom head of equipment of reaction, mass transfer, heat transfer, evaporator
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 3 c. 0
b. 2 d. 1
117. In hydrostatic testing of welded pipe (for leakage, strength etc.) the ratio of minimum
hydrostatic test pressure to internal design pressure is around
a. 0.5 c. 3.5
b. 1.5 d. 2.5
118. What is the main index to classify cast irons to steels ?
a. the limit of 0,2% C c. the limit of 1% C
b. the limit of 0,1% C d. the limit of 2%
119. The ability of a material to remain magnetic after the magnetizing force is removed is
called:
a. Permeability c. Reluctance
b. Retentivity d. Electromagnetism
120. Calculation pressure of high column is reasonably determined:
a. Pressure at the bottom of the tower
b. For each section by the height of the tower
c. Depending on working conditions
d. pressure at the highest point in tower
121. Why are name plates of pressure vessel so important?
a. It is just a decoration
b. for advertising purpose of supplier
c. give the informations of safety
d. worker can recognise the name of the vessel
122. The details of equipment are considered as thin shell, if :
a. The thickness s ≥ 0.1 of average diameter of the details
b. The thickness s ≥ 0.1 of the diameter of vessel
c. The thickness s ≤ 0.1 of average diameter of details
d. The thickness s ≤ 0.1 of the diameter of vessel
123. Burst pressure of an equipment varies according to
a. the shell structure and size. c. the geometric structure
b. complicated structure and high d. Operating temperature
performance
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 3 c. 2
b. 4 d. 1
124. Which are the harmful elements in Carbon steel?
a. S,P c. Mb, Mo
b. Cr, Ni d. Mn,Si
125. The solutions to decrease thermal stress in fixed-tubesheet type of heat exchanger
are

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a. Reducing difference of the temperature between tubes and the shell and welding the
tubes to tubesheet.
b. Reducing difference of the temperature between tubes and the shell and setting an
expansion joint to the shell.
c. Increasing difference of the temperature between tubes and the shell and setting an
expansion joint
d. setting expansion joint to the tubes
126. Corrosion grade is
a. thickness in m of abrasive material per year
b. thickness in cm of abrasive material per year
c. thickness in dm of abrasive material per year
d. thickness in mm of abrasive material per year
127. Chemical equipment is used tin the chemical process. It ....
a. contains only liquid b. contains gas c. contains solids
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 2 c. 1
b. 0 d. 3
128. When the equipment is considered to install and repair at low cost , easy to replace
broken parts, easy to control the working mode and at the operation mode and ensure
safety, then the equipment is considered as: .
a. High performance c. Ensure engineering
b. Easy operation d. Logical structure
129. Which one are inorganic materials
a. plastics c. wood
b. biological materials d. minerals and ceramics
130. Liquid penetrant testing is based on the principle of:
a. Capillary action
b. Magnetic domains
c. Absorption of X rays
d. Polarized sound waves in a liquid
131. Which of the following is the most desirable method of pre-cleaning a test piece prior
to liquid penetrant testing?
a. Emery cloth
b. Wire brushing
c. Vapour degreasing
d. Sand blasting
132. The equipment must have following requirements:
a. Solid construction, mechanical properties consistent.
b. The logical structure ensures mechanical properties and long life.
c. Cheap and movable
d. Expensive solid construction
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 2 c. 3
b. 4 d. 1
133. Which following factors could be Indices for deciding the method of machining?
1/ Technologies that fabricated materials
2/ Infrastructure of workshop
3/ materials
How many answers of above are right?
a. 1 c. 0
b. 3 d. 2
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134. Equipment designing should be based first on:
a. Technical specifications c. Prices
b. Technical requirements d. Technical parameters
135. Steel classification according to the smelting methods are
a. - Carbon steel - Stainless steel - Alloy steel
b. - Low Carbon Steel - Medium Carbon Steel - High Carbon Steel
c. - Killed Steel - Rimmed Steel - Semi-killed Steel
d. - Common Steel - High Grade Steel - Super High Grade Steel
136. Elastic failure of a material occurs, when the tensile stress equals yield strength, yield
point or the elastic limit. Also, the elastic failure occurs according to maximum strain
theory, when the maximum tensile strain equals (where = yield strength and E =
modulus of elasticity)
a. E
c.
b. d.
137. Jacketed reactor is heated by saturated steam. Body temperature calculated for
reactor was chosen as:
1/ Maximum temperature of the environment in itself #
2/ Environmental temperature of the body exposed to reactor plus 50°C, but not less
than 250°C
3/ The temperature of the heating agent
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 1 c. 3
b. 0 d. 2
138. Main characteristics of Silicon in alloy steel are :
a. Decreasing hardenability
b. Decreasing heat resistance
c. All of above
d. Development strength and fatigue durability at high temperature
139. In a thin cylindrical shell, the hoop stress is __________ stress.
a. circumferential tensile c. compressive
b. longitudinal d. radial
140. Which of the following is a must for a liquid penetrant test?
a. The test object must be non-magnetic
b. All traces of penetrant materials should be removed after testing is complete
c. Developer must be applied in a thin, even coat
d. Any surface coatings or soils must be completely removed
141. Steel classification according to the quality are
a. - Carbon steel - Stainless steel - Alloy steel
b. - Low Carbon Steel - Medium Carbon Steel - High Carbon Steel
c. - Killed Steel - Rimmed Steel - Semi-killed Steel
d. - Common Steel - High Grade Steel - Super High Grade Steel
142. Arc Welding Processes which use consumable electrode, are
a. Electrogas Welding c. Plasma Arc Welding
b. Gas Tungsten Arc Welding d. none of these
143. When radiographing a part of equipment which contains a crack, it will appear on the
radiograph as:
a. A light, irregular line
b. Either a dark or light line
c. A dark continuous line
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d. A dark linear indication which could be continuous or intermittent
144. Main characteristics of Chromium in alloy steel are:
a. increasing corrosion resistance, strength, hardness, wear resistance, oxidation
resistance
b. increasing harden-ability temperature
c. Decreasing plasticity and toughness
d. Decreasing weld ability
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 2 c. 4
b. 3 d. 1
145. Main characteristics of Nickel in alloy steel are:
a. Improves hardness
b. Improves strength at high Temperature
c. Increases corrosion resistance
d. increases toughness at low temperatures
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 2 c. 1
b. 3 d. 4
146. Ceramic materials are
a. none of the above
b. good conductors of electricity
c. basically crystalline oxides or metals
d. inorganic compounds of metallic and non-metallic elements
147. What is the result of incomplete removal of all excess liquid penetrant from the test
piece surface?
a. Exaggeration of the size of relevant indications
b. Formation of false indications
c. Formation of relevant indications
d. Understatement of the size of relevant indications
148. Failures of Pressure Vessel are oftens caused by:
a. Welding problems
b. Faulty inspection
c. Damage during field fabrication and erection
d. Operators
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 3 c. 1
b. 2 d. 4
149. Steel classification according to the content of carbon (C%) are
a. - Austenite -Martensit - Ledeburit
b. - Mild carbon steel - rimmed steel - killed steel
c. - Carbon steel - Stainless steel - Alloy steel
d. - Low Carbon Steel - Medium Carbon Steel - High Carbon Steel
150. The circumferential (hoop) stress in a thin walled cylindrical vessel under internal
pressure is

a. c.

b. d.
151. Common types of failures of pressure vessels, chemical equipments in refineries,
chemical processing plants are
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 a. Faulty design
b. Damage during field fabrication and erection
c. Welding problems
d. Wrong measure equipment
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 3 c. 4
b. 1 d. 2
152. Following statements accurately describe the capabilities of liquid penetrant testing:
a. Liquid penetrant testing is useful for locating subsurface discontinuities in a test
piece
b. Liquid penetrant testing is useful for locating discontinuities in porous materials
c. Liquid penetrant testing is useful for locating discontinuities which are open to the
surface in non-porous materials
d. Liquid penetrant testing is useful for locating weld quality
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 4 c. 1
b. 3 d. 2
153. Stainless Steel type 304 is with
a. 18% Chromium & 10% Nickel c. 18% Chromium & 8% Nickel
b. 12% Chromium & 8% Nickel d. 8% Chromium & 8% Nickel
154. When equipment is designed working in corrosive and high pressure environments,
the most suitable and cheapest way is to select following materials:
a. Stainless steel c. Common CT3 steel
b. glazed steel d. clad steel
155. Which of the following is not an advantage of magnetic particles testing?
a. Reliable for finding surface cracks in all types of material
b. Can detect discontinuities filled with foreign material
c. Works well through a thin coat of paint
d. Fast and simple to perform
156. Developed stress in material without any permanent setting is called the
a. yield stress c. ultimate stress
b. breaking stress d. elastic limit
157. There is a pressure vessel which is subjected to internal pressure. Its maximum
working pressure is 1.6 MPa. No hydrostatic pressure, working temperature is less than
150oC, and installed a safety valve. The hydrostatic test pressure is ….
a. 1.76 MPa c. 2 MPa
b. 2.2 MPa d. 1.6 MPa
158. Two iron pipes of the same nominal diameter but different schedule numbers will
have the same
a. inside diameter c. none of these
b. wall thickness d. outside diameter
159. Main characteristics of Molybdenum in alloy steel are:
a. Improving the heat resistance
b. Development the resistance to the chloride anion Cl-.
c. Increases hardenability and strength particularly at high temperatures
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 2 c. 1
b. 0 d. 3
160. Which of the following is not an advantage of magnetic particles testing?
a. Reliable for finding surface cracks in all types of material
b. Can detect discontinuities filled with foreign material
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c. Works well through a thin coat of paint
d. Fast and simple to perform
161. Developed stress in material without any permanent setting is called the
a. yield stress c. ultimate stress
b. breaking stress d. elastic limit
162. In case of a 'thin' pressure vessel, the ratio of its diameter to wall thickness is
a. < 10 b. > 10 c. > 20 d. > 30
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 2 c. 4
b. 3 d. 1
163. The purpose of a factor of safety at the calculation of pressure vessel is (are) :
a. no affect
b. giving the engineer better feeling of safety
c. a demand of regulations
d. Factor for the material manufacturing
164. The choice of material as well as process is made at the early design stage because
type of material affects the detailed aspects of
a. design
b. none of the above
c. cost
d. design as well as cost
165. What are Monel & Inconel
a. Slang of Money and Income c. Types of low carbon steels
b. none of these d. Special Alloys
166. Stress corrosion cracking is a failure mechanism that is caused by environment,
susceptible material, and
a. hoop stress b. Torsional shear stress c. tensile stress
How many statement(s) of above is (are) right?
a. 1 c. 0
b. 3 d. 2
167. Stainless Steels are nickel-chromium alloys of iron with
a. chromium content must be >12%
b. chromium content must be >10%
c. chromium content must be >18%
d. chromium content must be >16%
168. The mechanical properties of metal materials are
a. Strength, hardness, toughness and plasticity.
b. Strength, crystal structure, toughness and weld ability
c. Strength, Hardness, toughness and weld ability
d. Strength, crystal structure, toughness and plasticity
169. Main stresses for the pressure vessel are:
a. axial stress c. Torsion stress
b. hoop stress (circumferential stress) d. Shear stress
How many Stress(es) is (are) true?
a. 3 c. 1
b. 4 d. 2

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