Telegram, the secure messaging app, was founded in 2013 by brothers
Nikolai and Pavel Durov, who previously founded the Russian social
network VKontakte (VK). It was created in response to growing concerns
about privacy and governmental pressure, particularly after Pavel Durov
refused to comply with Russian authorities' demands regarding user
data. The app prioritizes speed, security, and privacy, offering features like
end-to-end encryption for secret chats and the ability to send large files.
Here's a more detailed look at Telegram's history:
Founding and Early Development:
Pavel and Nikolai Durov launched Telegram in August 2013, after Pavel left VK
due to increasing pressure from the Russian government. The app was developed
as a secure and easy-to-use messaging alternative, fueled by concerns about
online privacy and government surveillance.
Focus on Privacy and Security:
Telegram emphasizes privacy through features like end-to-end encryption for
secret chats and self-destructing messages. It also utilizes a decentralized
infrastructure to minimize the risk of data breaches and government access.
Growth and Expansion:
By March 2014, Telegram had reached 35 million monthly users and 15 million
daily active users. In October 2014, many South Korean users switched to
Telegram due to privacy concerns surrounding the Korean app KakaoTalk. The
app has continued to grow, reaching "about 500 million" monthly active users by
January 2021.
Business Model:
Telegram is registered in the British Virgin Islands and as an LLC in Dubai. The
company keeps its office locations and legal entities confidential to protect users
from governmental data requests and to shield the team from unnecessary
influence.
Key Features and Innovations:
Telegram is known for its speed, security, and ability to handle large files. It also
offers features like bots, channels, and the ability to send photos in higher
definition.
Political Context:
The platform's development and growth have been intertwined with political events,
particularly in Russia and Iran, where Telegram has faced censorship and
restrictions. The app has become a platform for activism and communication in
contexts where freedom of expression is restricted