Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region X-Northern Mindanao
DIVISION OF BUKIDNON
SAN MIGUEL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

SCIENCE 9 FOURTH QUARTER PRETEST

Student’s Name:_________________________________ Score: ___________
Grade Level & Section:______ _______ _____ Date of Exam:_____

General Instructions for good behavior during examination

1. Choose the best answer and SHADE the circle that corresponds to your answer on
your answer sheet.
2. Avoid erasures.
3. NO sharing of calculators and other resources are allowed. Use EXTRA PAPER for
calculations.
4. Cellular phones and other gadgets should be TURNED OFF during examinations.

I. MULTIPLE CHOICE.

For numbers 1-2

Two 0.5 kg balls approach each other with the same speed of 1.0 m/s.

1. What is the momentum of the system before collision?

A. 0 B. 0.50 kg m/s C. 1.0 kg m/s D. -1.0 kg m/s
2. If there is no external force acting on the system, what the momentum of the
system after collision?
A. 0 B. 0.50 kg m/s C. 1.0 kg m/s D. -1.0 kg m/s

For numbers 3-8

A physicist is studying the collision of two cars. Car A, with a mass of 1500 kg, is
traveling east at 25 m/s, while Car B, with a mass of 2000 kg, is traveling north at 20
m/s. They collide at an intersection and stick together after the collision.

3. What is the momentum of Car A before the collision?

A. 37,500 kg m/s C. 62,500 kg m/s
B. 37,500 m/s D. 62,500 m/s
4. What is the momentum of Car B before the collision?
A. 30,000 kg m/s C. 30,000 m/s
B. 40,000 m/s D. 40,000 kg m/s
5. What is the total momentum of the system before the collision?
A. 67,500 kg m/s C. 47,500 kg m/s
B. 67,500 m/s D. 47,500 m/s
6. What is the velocity of the cars after the collision, assuming they stick together?
A. 15.3 m/s B. 17.5 m/s C. 18.5 m/s D. 20.3 m/s
7. Why is momentum considered a vector quantity?
A. Because it only has magnitude.
B. Because it has both magnitude and direction.
C. Because it represents the force applied during a collision.
D Because it represents the resistance of an object to changes in motion.
8. Is the collision elastic or inelastic, based on the conservation of momentum principle?
A. Elastic, because momentum is conserved.
B. Elastic, because kinetic energy is conserved.
C. Inelastic, because momentum is not conserved.
D. Inelastic, because kinetic energy is not conserved.

For numbers 9-14

A roller coaster with a mass of 5000 kg starts from rest at the top of a hill, which is 50
meters above the ground. As it descends, it reaches a speed of 20 m/s at the bottom
of the hill.

9. What is the gravitational potential energy of the roller coaster at the top of the hill?
A. 25,000 J B. 50,000 J C. 100,000 J D. 250,000 J
10. What is the kinetic energy of the roller coaster at the bottom of the hill?
A. 50,000 J B. 100,000 J C. 200,000 J D. 500,000 J
11. Determine the total mechanical energy of the roller coaster at the top of the hill.
A. 25,000 J B. 50,000 J C. 75,000 J D. 100,000 J
12. Calculate the total mechanical energy of the roller coaster at the bottom of the hill.
A. 50,000 J B. 100,000 J C. 150,000 J D. 200,000 J
13. Why the kinetic energy of the roller coaster is highest at the bottom of the hill.
A. Because it has the maximum speed there.
B. Because kinetic energy depends only on mass.
C. Because kinetic energy is independent of height.
D. Because potential energy is converted into kinetic energy as it descends.
14. If the roller coaster were to lose some of its mechanical energy due to friction during
the descent, how would this affect its speed at the bottom of the hill?
A. The speed would increase.
B. The speed would decrease.
C. The speed would remain the same.
D. The speed would depend on the amount of energy lost.

For numbers 15-18

During a physics class, students are exploring various aspects of motion through
different scenarios. One student, Sarah, is particularly intrigued by the practical
applications of these concepts in real life. As part of a group activity, she's tasked with
analyzing the motion involved in a car accident and its implications for safety measures.
Sarah and her classmates are discussing a recent incident where a car abruptly
stops, causing the driver to be thrown forward, while a passenger in the backseat is
thrown backward. The teacher asks them to apply their understanding of motion
concepts to analyze the scenario.

15. What aspect of motion involves the trajectory of a launched object?

A. Projectile Motion C. Rotational Motion
B. Circular Motion D. Linear Motion

16. What concept relates to the force experienced by the person who jumped back due
to the sudden stop of the car?
A. Centripetal Force C. Newton's Laws of Motion
B. Gravitational Force D. Impulse, Momentum, and Impulse
17. Which principle explains why objects continue to move unless acted upon by an
external force, as observed in the experiment?
A. Conservation of Energy C. Conservation of Angular Momentum
B. Conservation of Momentum D. Conservation of Linear Momentum

18. How does the understanding of motion concepts relate to real-life situations, such as
preventing accidents and ensuring safety?
A. It highlights the importance of speed in everyday tasks.
B. It underscores the significance of friction in preventing accidents.
C. It emphasizes the need for complex mathematical calculations in daily
activities.
D. It emphasizes the importance of being careful and understanding how things
move to prevent accidents and keep people safe.
For number 19-24
During a friendly game of basketball at the local park, Sarah goes up for a layup. Just
as she releases the ball, she collides with her opponent, Mark, who is rushing to block
her shot. Due to the collision, Sarah's momentum changes abruptly, causing her to
stumble backward. Mark also experiences a force from the collision, but he manages to
maintain his balance.

Additional Information:
Sarah's mass: 60 kg
Mark's mass: 70 kg
Initial velocity of Sarah before the collision: 5 m/s (in the direction of the layup)
Initial velocity of Mark before the collision: 3 m/s (towards Sarah)
Final velocity of Sarah after the collision: 1 m/s (away from Mark)
Final velocity of Mark after the collision: 2 m/s (in the same direction as his initial
velocity)

19. What is Sarah's mass?

A. 60 kg B. 70 kg C. 50 kg D. 80 kg
20. What was Mark's initial velocity before the collision?
A. 1 m/s B. 2 m/s C. 3 m/s D. 5 m/s
21. Which of the following best describes the outcome of the collision?
A. Sarah's momentum increased, but Mark's decreased.
B. Both Sarah and Mark experienced an increase in momentum.
C. Sarah's momentum decreased, but Mark's remained unchanged.
D. Sarah's momentum decreased, and Mark's momentum increased.
22. How does the difference in masses between Sarah and Mark influence the impulse
experienced by each of them during the collision?
A. The impulse experienced by Sarah is greater than Mark's due to her
lower mass.
B. The impulse experienced by Mark is greater than Sarah's due to his
higher mass.
C. The impulse experienced by both Sarah and Mark is directly proportional to
their masses.
D. The impulse experienced by Sarah is directly proportional to her mass,
while Mark's impulse is inversely proportional to his mass.
23. Calculate the impulse experienced by Sarah during the collision.
A. 320 Ns B. 100 Ns C. 400 Ns D. 200 Ns
24. Calculate the impulse experienced by Mark during the collision.
A. 200 Ns B. 400 Ns C. 100 Ns D. 320 Ns
For number 25-32
A group of friends is having a picnic in a park near a lake. They decide to have some
fun by launching water balloons using a homemade catapult. The catapult is set up on a
hill overlooking the lake, and they want to see how far they can launch the water
balloons.
Additional Information:
The launch angle of the catapult is 45 degrees above the horizontal.
The initial velocity of the water balloon is 20 m/s.
The gravitational acceleration is 9.8m/s2
Air resistance is negligible.
Assume that the water balloon follows a projectile motion
25. What is the horizontal component of the initial velocity of the water balloon?
A. 10 m/s B. 20 m/s C. 14.1 m/s D. 0 m/s
26. What is the vertical component of the initial velocity of the water balloon?
A. 14.1 m/s B. 10 m/s C. 20 m/s D. 0 m/s
27. What is the total time of flight for the water balloon?
A. 2 s B. 4 s C. 8 s D. 16 s
28. At what point does the water balloon reach its maximum height?
A. At the beginning of the flight C. At the end of the flight
B. Halfway through the flight D. Cannot be determined
29. What is the maximum height reached by the water balloon?
A. 5 m B. 10 m C. 20 m D. 40 m
30. What is the maximum range of the water balloon?
A. 20 m B. 40 m C. 80 m D. 160 m
31. How does the launch angle of the water balloon from the catapult affect its maximum
range?
A. The launch angle does not affect the maximum range.
B. Increasing the launch angle increases the maximum range.
C. Decreasing the launch angle increases the maximum range.
D. Increasing the launch angle decreases the maximum range.
32. How does the initial velocity of the water balloon affect its maximum height?
A. The initial velocity does not affect the maximum height.
B. Increasing the initial velocity increases the maximum height.
B. Decreasing the initial velocity increases the maximum height.
D. Increasing the initial velocity decreases the maximum height.

For number 33-40

On a sunny day at the local skate park, Alex, an avid skateboarder, decides to
attempt a daring trick. He starts at the top of a steep ramp and accelerates downward,
gaining speed as he descends. Upon reaching the bottom of the ramp, Alex launches
himself into the air, performing a series of flips and spins before landing gracefully on the
other side. As he executes the trick, the mechanical energy of his motion undergoes
various transformations.
Alex's mass: 70 kg
Height of the ramp: 5 meters
Initial velocity of Alex at the top of the ramp: 0 m/s
Final velocity of Alex at the bottom of the ramp: 10 m/s
Gravitational acceleration (g): 9.8 m/s²
Assume air resistance is negligible and ignore friction on the ramp.
33. As Alex descends down the steep ramp, what type of energy transformation occurs?
A. Kinetic energy to thermal energy C. Potential energy to kinetic energy
 B. Kinetic energy to potential energy D. Potential energy to thermal energy
34. What type of energy transformation occurs as Alex launches himself off the ramp
into the air?
A. Kinetic energy to heat energy C. Potential energy to kinetic energy
B. Kinetic energy to potential energy D. Potential energy to mechanical energy
35. During the flips and spins in the air, what type of energy is primarily being utilized?
A. Kinetic energy C. Thermal energy
B. Potential energy D. Chemical energy
36. What happens to the mechanical energy during Alex's landing on the other side of
the ramp?
A. It is conserved. C. It is converted into potential energy.
B. It is lost due to friction. D. It is converted into kinetic energy.
37. Which factor primarily contributes to the increase in Alex's kinetic energy from the
top to the bottom of the ramp?
A. Air resistance C. Alex's mass
B. Gravitational acceleration D. Height of the ramp
38. How does Alex's mass influence the mechanical energy transformations during his
skateboard trick?
A. It decreases the overall mechanical energy.
B. It affects the conservation of mechanical energy.
C. It has no influence on mechanical energy transformations.
D. It increases the conversion of kinetic energy to potential energy.
39. Calculate the gravitational potential energy of Alex at the top of the ramp.
A. 0 J B. 3430 J C. 343 J D. 700 J
40. Calculate the total kinetic energy of Alex at the bottom of the ramp.
A. 2450 J B. 343 J C. 700 J D. 0 J

For number 41-46

In a busy coffee shop, the barista operates an espresso machine to prepare delicious
beverages for customers. The espresso machine converts electrical energy into heat
energy to brew coffee. However, the efficiency of the machine plays a crucial role in
determining how much electrical energy is effectively converted into heat energy.
Additional Information:
The espresso machine consumes 2000 Joules of electrical energy per second
Only 1500 Joules of electrical energy are effectively converted into heat energy to brew
coffee. Heat energy is measured in Joules.
41. What is the power consumption of the espresso machine?
A. 1500 Joules B. 2000 Joules C. 3500 Joules D. 2500 Joules
42. How much electrical energy is effectively converted into heat energy by the espresso
machine?
A. 1000 Joules B. 1500 Joules C. 2000 Joules D. 2500 Joules
43. What is the efficiency of the espresso machine in converting electrical energy to heat
energy?
A. 50% B. 60% C. 70% D. 75%
44. Which of the following best describes the role of efficiency in the operation of the
espresso machine?
A. It affects the color of the coffee.
B. It determines the taste of the coffee.
C. It determines the temperature of the coffee.
D. It influences the amount of electrical energy consumed.
45. How much electrical energy is lost as waste in the process?
A. 200 Joules B. 250 Joules C. 500 Joules D. 1000 Joules
46. What implications does the efficiency of the espresso machine have on the coffee
shop's energy consumption?
A. Efficiency has no impact on energy consumption.
B. Lower efficiency leads to lower energy consumption.
C. Higher efficiency leads to lower energy consumption.
D. Higher efficiency leads to higher energy consumption.
For number 47-52
In a crowded city, as more buildings go up, they need more electricity to power
them. To make this electricity without hurting the planet, they use the sun and water.
They put big panels on roofs to catch the sun's energy, and they build dams to trap
water and turn it into power. But getting this power from where it's made to where people
live, and work isn't easy. They need giant wires called transmission lines to carry the
electricity across the city. Sometimes, though, things break, like old wires or machines.
When that happens, the power goes out. But they have teams of people who work hard
to fix everything so that everyone can have electricity again.
47. What are two sources of renewable energy mentioned in the text?
A. Wind and coal B. Sun and water C. Oil and gas D. Biomass and
nuclear
48. List three methods mentioned for generating electricity in the city.
A. Burning coal, solar panels, wind turbines
B. Solar panels, hydroelectric dams, transmission lines
C. Wind turbines, geothermal energy, transmission lines
D. Hydroelectric dams, nuclear power plants, geothermal energy
49. How do transmission lines help in delivering electricity across the city?
A. They store electricity for future use.
B. They convert sunlight into electricity.
C. They generate electricity from renewable sources.
D. They carry electricity from where it's generated to where it's needed.
50. What might be the cause of the power disruption in the town?
A. Overloaded transmission lines C. Malfunctioning solar panels
B. Breakdown in the transmission lines D. Power outage due to a storm
51. What is the primary goal of the teams mentioned in the text?
A. To build dams C. To fix power outages
B. To generate electricity D. To install solar panels
52. How does the use of renewable energy sources contribute to environmental
sustainability in the city?
A. It increases pollution levels. C. It accelerates climate change.
B. It decreases the need on fossil fuels. D. It depletes natural resources.
For number 53-58
In the Philippines, a rapidly growing population and expanding urban centers
place immense strain on the country's electrical grid. With power plants located in distant
regions, the transmission of electricity over long distances becomes a critical challenge.
Aging infrastructure and frequent natural disasters like typhoons further compound the
problem, often causing disruptions in power supply. As electricity travels through
transmission lines to reach densely populated areas, voltage drops and line losses
occur, reducing efficiency and reliability. Additionally, the distribution network faces
issues such as illegal connections and theft, further straining the system. Despite these
challenges, efforts to upgrade and modernize the transmission and distribution
infrastructure are underway, aiming to ensure stable and uninterrupted electricity supply
to homes and businesses across the archipelago.
53. What challenges does the electrical grid face in the Philippines?
A. Aging infrastructure C. Natural disasters
 B. Rapid population growth D. All of the choices
54. What are the two factors contributing to the strain on the country's electrical grid.
A. Illegal connections and theft C. It accelerates climate change.
B. Voltage drops and line losses D. Population growth and frequent
natural disasters
55. How do natural disasters exacerbate the challenges faced by the electrical grid in the
Philippines?
A. They cause voltage drops. C. They lead to illegal connections.
B. They damage infrastructure. D. They increase power plant capacity.
56. Identify two consequences of voltage drops and line losses in the transmission of
electricity.
A. Reduced efficiency and reliability
B. Increased efficiency and reliability
C. Higher costs and longer transmission times
D. Lower costs and shorter transmission times
57. How are efforts to upgrade and modernize the transmission and distribution
infrastructure expected to address the challenges faced by the Philippines' electrical
grid?
A. By increasing line losses.
B. By reducing illegal connections.
C. By exacerbating strain on the system.
D. By ensuring stable and uninterrupted electricity supply.
58. What is a common issue faced by the distribution network in the Philippines?
A. Line losses C. Aging infrastructure
B. Voltage drops D. Power plant capacity
For number 59-64

In the Philippines, harnessing the power of water through hydroelectric plants offers
a promising solution for generating electricity. Located near rivers or dams, these plants
utilize the force of flowing water to spin turbines, which in turn generate electrical energy.
However, transmitting this electricity efficiently to distant regions poses a significant
challenge. High-voltage transmission lines are required to carry the power over long
distances, often traversing rugged terrain and crossing bodies of water. Additionally,
ensuring reliable distribution to homes and businesses across the archipelago is vital.
Substations and transformers play a crucial role in regulating voltage and maintaining a
stable supply. Despite these challenges, hydroelectric power represents a renewable
and environmentally friendly source of electricity for the Philippines, supporting
sustainable development while addressing the nation's energy needs.

59. What renewable energy source is discussed as a promising solution for generating
electricity in the Philippines?
A. Solar power C. Hydroelectric power
B. Wind power D. Geothermal power
60. List two components of a hydroelectric power plant mentioned in the text.
A. Rivers and dams C. Turbines and transmission lines
B. Substations and transformers D. Solar panels and wind turbines
61. How does the geography of the Philippines impact the transmission of electricity
generated by hydroelectric plants?
A. It increases reliability in distribution.
B. It facilitates efficient transmission over long distances.
C. It decreases the need for high-voltage transmission lines.
D. It poses challenges due to rugged terrain and bodies of water.
62. Identify two challenges associated with transmitting electricity from hydroelectric
plants to distant regions.
A. Rugged terrain and bodies of water
B. River flow rate and dam construction
C. Solar panel efficiency and wind patterns
D. Low-voltage transmission lines and urbanization
63. How do substations and transformers contribute to the reliable distribution of
electricity from hydroelectric plants?
A. By storing excess energy.
B. By generating electrical energy.
C. By converting water flow into electrical energy.
D. By regulating voltage and maintaining a stable supply.
64. What is one benefit of hydroelectric power mentioned in the text?
B. It increases air pollution.
C. It requires large amounts of land.
D. It is only available in certain regions.
A. It supports sustainable development
For number 65-73
In Bukidnon, Philippines, a hydroelectric power plant is situated along the Pulangi River.
The plant generates electricity by harnessing the kinetic energy of flowing water. The
river has an average flow rate of 50 cubic meters per second, with a drop in elevation of
100 meters from the intake to the turbine. Due to various factors such as frictional losses
and inefficiencies in the turbine, only 80% of the potential energy is converted into
electrical energy.
65. What is the efficiency of the hydroelectric plant?
A. 50% B. 60% C. 80% D. 90%
66. What is the potential energy of the water per second as it passes through the
hydroelectric plant?
A. 2,500 J/s B. 5,000 J/s C. 10,000 J/s D. 25,000 J/s
67. What is the power generated by the hydroelectric plant if it operates at maximum
efficiency?
A. 2 MW B. 5 MW C. 10 MW D. 25 MW
68. If the efficiency of the turbine increases to 85%, how would this affect the power
generated by the hydroelectric plant, assuming all other factors remain constant?
A. It would decrease. C. It would remain the same.
B. It would increase. D. It would depend on other factors.
69. If the flow rate of the river increases to 60 cubic meters per second, what would be
the new potential energy of the water per second?
A. 3,000 J/s B. 6,000 J/s C. 12,000 J/s D. 30,000 J/s
70. Why it's important for the hydroelectric plant to operate at high efficiency and what
factors might lead to inefficiencies in its operation.
A. Higher efficiency reduces environmental impact.
B. Higher efficiency leads to higher profits for the plant.
C. Inefficiencies have no significant impact on power generation.
D. Inefficiencies can arise from frictional losses, turbine design, and maintenance
issues.
71. How does the flow rate and elevation drop of the river affect the potential energy
available for power generation in the hydroelectric plant.
A. Elevation drop affects potential energy, but flow rate does not.
B. Flow rate affects potential energy, but elevation drop does not.
C. Higher flow rate and elevation drop result in lower potential energy.
 D. Higher flow rate and elevation drop result in higher potential energy.

For number 72-80

In the journey of electricity from power plants to your home, it begins with
generation at power plants fueled by coal, natural gas, or renewables. High-voltage
transmission lines carry it to distribution substations where voltage is lowered. From
there, it travels through distribution lines to reach neighborhoods and homes. Upon
arrival, it enters your house via a service panel, dispersing through circuits to power
lights, appliances, and gadgets.

72. What is the initial source of electricity generation in the journey from power plants to
your home?
A. Renewable sources C. Service panels
B. Distribution substations D. Transmission lines
73. What is the purpose of distribution substations in the journey of electricity to your
home?
A. To power lights C. To disperse circuits
B. To reduce voltage D. To generate electricity
74. Where does electricity enter your house in the journey from power plants?
A. Through substations C. Through distribution lines
B. Through service panels D. Through transmission lines
75. If electricity travels through high-voltage transmission lines, what is its purpose?
A. To power lights C. To disperse circuits locally
B. To lower voltage D. To carry electricity over long distances
76. What happens to the voltage of electricity at distribution substations?
A. It increases C. It fluctuates
B. It decreases D. It remains the same
77. How does electricity reach neighborhoods and homes after leaving distribution
substations?
A. Through substations C. Through distribution lines
B. Through service panels D. Through transmission lines
78. What is the relationship between the generation of electricity and the fuel sources
used in power plants.
A. The fuel sources have no impact on electricity generation.
B. The fuel sources determine the efficiency of electricity generation.
C. The fuel sources dictate the voltage of electricity during transmission.
D. Different fuel sources result in different environmental impacts during
electricity generation.
79. Which of the following explains the significance of voltage reduction at distribution
substations in ensuring safe electricity usage in homes.
A. Voltage reduction increases electricity consumption.
B. Voltage reduction has no impact on electricity safety.
C. Lower voltage reduces the risk of electrical fires and shocks.
D. Higher voltage ensures more efficient electricity transmission.
80. Why is it important for electricity generation to come from a variety of sources?
A. It reduces environmental impact.
B. It increases the efficiency of electricity transmission.
C. It ensures stable power supply during changes in fuel availability.
 D. It decreases dependency on a single energy source, lowering the risk of
supply interruptions.
Key to the Answer

For numbers 1-2 For numbers 41-46

1. A 41. B
2. A 42. B
For numbers 3-8 43. B
3. A 44. D
4. D 45. C
5. A 46. C
6. C For numbers 47-52
7. B 47. B
8. A 48. B
For numbers 9-14 49. D
9. D 50. B
10. C 51. C
11. B 52. B
12. C For numbers 53-58
13. D 53. D
14. B 54. D
For numbers 15-18 55. B
15. A 56. A
16. D 57. D
17. D 58. A
18. D For numbers 59-64
For numbers 19-24 59. C
19. A 60. C
20. C 61. D
21. D 62. A
22. A 63. D
23. D 64. A
24. B For numbers 65-73
For numbers 25-32 65. C
25. A 66. A
26. B 67. A
27. B 68. B
28. B 69. C
29. C 70. D
30. B 71. D
31. B For numbers 74-80
32. D 72. A
For numbers 33-40 73. B
33. B 74. D
34. B 75. D
35. A 76. B
36. A 77. C
37. B 78. D
38. B 79. C
39. B 80. D
40. A