LEC 5.TEAM BASED APPROACH.
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1. TEAM BASED APPROACH The Role of the nurse in the Health Care team
2. Team-based care is one of the guiding principles of a learning health system. It stresses
interdependence, efficient care coordination, and a culture that encourages parity among all team
members (IOM, 2001, 2007).
Teamwork should be reinforced at all levels, from leadership to the unit level, and
individual patients should understand that they are working with a team.
Health care is an increasingly diverse field where many specialties interact to provide
patient care.
3. The team approach to caring for patients includes many professionals performing a variety
of specialized functions designed to meet the physical, emotional and psychological needs of the
patient. In the course of just one stay, a hospitalized patient may be cared for by an array of non-
MD providers.
4. Collaborative approach to work is imperative that all health care professionals understand
and respect the credentials, scope of practice and function of each member of the health care
team.
NURSES ROLE IN THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM
5. The primary role of a nurse is to advocate and care for individuals of all ethnic origins and
religious backgrounds and support them through health and illness. ... Collaborate with team to
plan for patient care. Advocate for health and wellbeing of patient.
Nursing is an honorable profession, and nurses are the heart and soul of the healthcare system. ...
Nurses are on the frontlines of administering and evaluating treatment. Nurses are the patient’s
greatest advocate. Because they spend more time, nurses can comprehensively moderate
patient’s progress.
Nurses play a dynamic and crucial role in healthcare. A nurse is usually the first person a patient
interacts with. ... Nurses advocate on behalf of their patients and the community at large by
supporting causes that help optimize health, such as nonprofit organizations and educational
campaigns. Nurses Role in the Health Care System
THE MULTIDISCIPLINARY TEAM
6. A multidisciplinary team is a group of health care workers who are members of different
disciplines (professions e.g. Psychiatrists, Social Workers, etc.), each providing specific services
to the patient. ... This co- ordinates their services and gets the team working together towards a
specific set of goals.
Multidisciplinary teams convey many benefits to both the patients and the health professionals
working on the team. These include improved health outcomes and enhanced satisfaction for
clients.
MEMEBERS OF THE HEALTH CARE TEAM
7. The Medical Doctor or Physician A physician, medical practitioner, medical doctor, or simply
doctor, is a professional who practices medicine, which is concerned with promoting,
maintaining, or restoring health through the study, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of disease,
injury, and other physical and mental impairments. Members of the Health care Team
8. The Nurse Practitioner Nurse practitioners are licensed registered nurses who have
completed advanced academic and supervised clinical training beyond their registered nurse
certification. Most have masters degrees and many have doctoral degrees. Nurse practitioners
provide a number of different health care services. They are trained to diagnose and treat a
variety of conditions, and can order and interpret diagnostic tests and procedures, perform health
screenings, give immunizations, and may prescribe most medications. Nurse practitioners often
focus on health promotion, disease prevention and helping patients make healthy lifestyle
choices. They treat patients in outpatient settings and in the hospital. Although most nurse
practitioners focus on primary care, many train and practice in fields as diverse as OB/GYN,
pediatrics, oncology ,dermatology and others specialties.
9. The Registered Midwife Certified midwives are trained in midwifery.. They must pass a
national certification exam in order to be licensed to practice. Certified midwives provide health
care for women including: prenatal care, labor and delivery, post-partum care, routine
gynecological services, family planning, menopausal care, health promotion and disease
prevention. Most certified midwives work in group practices with physicians and deliver babies
in birthing centers or hospitals.
10. The Registered Dietitian Registered dietitians have earned a bachelors degree in dietetics
or nutrition. Dietitians complete an approved practical education program and must pass a
national examination. The dietitian is the food and nutrition expert on the health care team.
Dietitians help design food plans and educate and counsel patients to help them manage disease
states such as obesity, high cholesterol, or heart disease. Many dietitians specialize in areas such
as pediatrics, geriatrics, renal disease or diabetes education. Dietitians are also involved in
hospital food service management and clinical research.
11. The Registered Pharmacist Pharmacists are medication experts, working with physicians
(or PAs) to ensure new prescriptions do not interact with a patient’s current medications, that the
right dosage for a particular medication has been prescribed, and to answer any questions
patients may have.
12. The Occupational Therapist Occupational Therapists work with individuals of all
demographics regain, master, or develop the everyday skills that enable them to lead fulfilling,
independent lives. OT’s possess a graduate level degree in occupational therapy. They develop
activities of daily living for individuals with mental or physical disabilities that inhibit their
capacity to function independently. With time, routines may be developed which help equip these
patients to pursue education and employment. OT’s are most frequently found in the hospital or
outpatient rehabilitation setting.
13. The Physical Therapist Similar to OT’s, a Physical Therapist works to treat individuals
whose medical problems or other health-related conditions that impair their ability to move and
perform activities of daily living. Treatment plans focus on preventing further disability,
alleviating pain, and restoring function. Educational programs for PT’s exist at both the master’s
and doctoral level.
14. The Respiratory Therapist Respiratory Therapists help evaluate and treat individuals
suffering from respiratory ailments, injuries that involve the respiratory tract, need pulmonary
rehabilitation, or who require augmented or mechanical ventilation. They are all graduates of an
approved college program in Respiratory Therapy, have completed their licensure requirements,
and passed a nationally-administered advanced practice examination. RT’s practice primarily in
the hospital and long-term care settings, where they are an integral member of the patient care
team.
15. The Medical Technologists Medical Technologist (also known as Medical laboratory
scientist, Clinical Laboratory Scientist, Medical Laboratory Technologist, or Med-Tech) is an
allied health professional that analyzes and tests body fluids and tissues.
16. The Radiologist Radiologist is a medical doctor who specializes in diagnosing and treating
disease and injury, using medical imaging techniques such as x-rays, computed tomography
(CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), nuclear medicine, positron emission tomography
(PET), fusion imaging, and ultrasound. Because some of these imaging techniques involve the
use of radiation, and require training to understand radiation safety and protection. Radiologist
has graduated from an accredited medical school, passed a licensing examination, and completed
a residency of at least four years of unique postgraduate medical education
17. The Anesthesiologist An anesthesiologist is a doctor (MD or DO) who practices anesthesia.
Anesthesiologists are physicians specializing in perioperative care, developing anesthetic plans,
and the administration of anesthetics. He or she has finished college, then medical school (four
years), then an internship (one year) followed by a residency in anesthesia (three years). Some
anesthesiologists pursue additional years of training (a fellowship). Anesthesiologists help ensure
the safety of patients undergoing surgery. The anesthesiologist provides care for the patient to
prevent the pain and distress they would otherwise experience.
18. The Ultrasonographer An ultrasonographer, or diagnostic ultrasound technician, is a
medical professional who uses equipment that produces sound waves of high frequency for non-
invasive diagnostic procedures. An ultrasonographer may work in a variety of specific areas to
diagnose health problems. A sonographer is a healthcare professional who specialises in the use
of ultrasonic imaging devices to produce diagnostic images, scans, videos or 3D volumes of
anatomy and diagnostic data, frequently a radiographer but may be any healthcare professional
with the appropriate
20. The future of health care lies in successful collaboration among all of these disciplines. It is
essential for medical and other health professional students learn how to work with other
clinicians in hospitals and other practice sites. Each of these professionals brings a unique skill
set and viewpoint to the management of patient care. An environment of mutual respect and trust
among health care providers will promote excellent care and improve patient outcomes.
