Figures of Speech - Lesson Plan (Grade
9)
🧠 Brain-Warming Questions
1. Have you ever said something like, ‘I’m so hungry I could eat a horse’? What do you think
that means?
2. If I say, ‘Time is a thief,’ is time actually stealing something from us?
3. Why do we say ‘the wind whispered’ when wind can’t really whisper?
📚 What Are Figures of Speech?
A figure of speech is a way of expressing an idea in a creative, imaginative, or non-literal
way. It makes language more interesting, emotional, and artistic.
✍️Types of Figures of Speech
Simile
Definition: A comparison using 'like' or 'as'.
Example: She is as graceful as a swan.
Metaphor
Definition: A direct comparison without using 'like' or 'as'.
Example: Time is a thief.
Alliteration
Definition: Repetition of the same consonant sound at the beginning of nearby words.
Example: The wild wind whipped through the woods.
Assonance
Definition: Repetition of vowel sounds in nearby words.
Example: The rain in Spain stays mainly in the plain.
Personification
Definition: Giving human qualities to non-human things.
Example: The stars danced in the sky.
Hyperbole
Definition: An exaggeration used to make a point.
Example: I’ve told you a million times!
Transferred Epithet
Definition: An adjective is transferred from the proper subject to another noun.
Example: He spent a sleepless night.
Irony
Definition: Saying something but meaning the opposite.
Example: “What a pleasant day!” (when it's raining heavily)
Synecdoche
Definition: A part represents the whole, or vice versa.
Example: All hands on deck!
🎨 Class Interaction / Quick Exercise
Match the following examples with the correct figure of speech:
1. He is as brave as a lion.
2. The moon smiled at me.
3. She’s a night owl.
4. Boom! Buzz! Hiss!
🧾 Recap
Today, we learned that figures of speech help us express ourselves in more colorful and
creative ways. They turn ordinary sentences into vivid images and sounds.