TENSES: Tips
VERBS
• REGULAR (Past form and Past participle form= + ED)
• IRREGULAR (list of irregular verbs)
Infinitive Pasado participio
(-ar/-er/-ir) Past (-ado/-ido)
(-ó/-é/-í)
(-aba/-ía)
1
TENSES: Tips
TENSES
PERFECT
AUXILIAR: Haber
• PRESENT S + HAVE/HAS + V (irregular: 3rd column)
o HAVE / HAS (he/she/it) (regular: + ED)
▪ He/has/ha/hemos/han
• PAST
S + HAD + V (irregular: 3rd column)
o HAD (regular: + ED)
▪ Había
EXAMPLES
Play (regular verb)
Affirmative I have played tennis She has played tennis
Negative I haven’t played tennis She hasn’t played tennis
Interrogative Have I played tennis? Yes, I have / No, I haven’t Has She played tennis? Yes, She has / No, She hasn’t
Send (irregular verb: list of irregular verbs)
Affirmative I have sent an E. Mail She has sent an E. Mail
Negative I haven’t sent an E. Mail She hasn’t sent an E. Mail
Interrogative Have I sent an E. Mail? Yes, I have / No, I haven’t Has She sent an E. Mail? Yes, She has / No, She hasn’t
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Play (regular verb)
Affirmative I had played tennis She had played tennis
Negative I hadn’t played tennis She hadn’t played tennis
Interrogative Had I played tennis? Yes, I had / No, I hadn’t Had She played tennis? Yes, She had / No, She hadn’t
Send (irregular verb: list of irregular verbs)
Affirmative I had sent an E. Mail She had sent an E. Mail
Negative I hadn’t sent an E. Mail She hadn’t sent an E. Mail
Interrogative Had I sent an E. Mail? Yes, I had / No, I hadn’t Had She sent an E. Mail? Yes, She had / No, She
hadn’t
2
TENSES: Tips
VERB Ser / Estar
VERB TO BE
AUXILIAR Estar
CONJUGATION
PRESENT PAST
AM WAS
IS
ARE WERE
PERSON S AFF NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE SHORT ANSWER
I AM AM NOT AM I a teacher ?
1°
(yo) (soy) ‘M NOT at school ? YES, I AM
YOU ARE ARE NOT ARE YOU a teacher ? NO, I’M NOT
2°
(vos) (estás) (AREN’T) at school
HE
SINGULAR
(él)
IS HE a teacher? YES, HE/SHE/IT IS
SHE IS IS NOT SHE at school?
3° NO, HE/SHE/IT ISN’T
(ella) (está) (ISN’T ) IT
IT
(esto)
1° WE ARE
ARE WE teachers?
(nosotros) (somos) YES, WE ARE
YOU at school?
2° YOU ARE NOT NO, WE AREN’T
PLURAL
(ustedes) (son) (AREN’T)
3° THEY THEY YES, THEY ARE
(ellos) (están) NO, THEY AREN’T
PERSON S AFF NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE SHORT ANSWER
I WAS WAS NOT WAS I a teacher ?
1°
(yo) (era/estaba) (WASN’T) at school ? YES, I WAS
YOU WERE WERE NOT WERE YOU a teacher ? NO, I WASN’T
2°
(vos) (eras/estabas) (WEREN’T) at school
HE
SINGULAR
(él)
HE a teacher? YES, HE/SHE/IT WAS
SHE WAS WAS NOT
3° WAS SHE at school? NO, HE/SHE/IT WASN’T
(ella) (era/estaba) (WASN’T)
IT
IT
(esto)
1° WE WERE
(nosotros) (éramos YES, WE WERE
WERE WE teachers?
2° YOU /estábamos) NO, WE WEREN’T
YOU at school?
(ustedes) WERE NOT
PLURAL
3° (WEREN’T)
THEY
THEY (eran/estaban) YES, THEY WERE
(ellos) NO, THEY WEREN’T
3
TENSES: Tips
CONTINUOUS
AUXILIAR: estar
• PRESENT S + AM/IS/ARE + V + ING
o AM (I)
▪ (estoy)
o IS (he/she/it)
▪ (está)
o ARE (we/you/they)
▪ (estamos/están)
• PAST
o WAS (I/ he/she/it) S + WAS/WERE + V + ING
▪ (estaba/estuve)
▪ (estaban/estuvieron)
o WERE (we/you/they)
▪ (estábamos/-estuvimos)
▪ (estaban/-estuvieron)
MAIN VERB (Verbo principal) + ING (-ando/endo)
EXAMPLES
PRESENT CONTINUOUS PAST CONTINUOUS
Affirmative I am playing tennis I was playing tennis
Negative I’m not playing tennis I wasn’t playing tennis
Interrogative Am I playing tennis? Yes, I am/No I’m not Was I playing tennis? Yes, I was/ No, I wasn’t
PRESENT CONTINUOUS PAST CONTINUOUS
Affirmative She is playing tennis She was playing tennis
Negative She isn’t playing tennis She wasn’t playing tennis
Interrogative Is She playing tennis? Yes, She is/No, She isn’t Was She playing tennis? Yes, She was/ No, She
wasn’t
PRESENT CONTINUOUS PAST CONTINUOUS
Affirmative They are playing tennis They were playing tennis
Negative They aren’t playing tennis They weren’t playing tennis
Interrogative Are they playing tennis? Yes, They are/No, They Were They playing tennis? Yes, They were/No, They
aren’t weren’t
4
TENSES: Tips
PRESENT SIMPLE
• AFFIRMATIVE:
o When the Subject is HE/SHE/IT: Verb changes
o Rules
VERB ENDING IN: CHANGE
S / SH/CH/Z/O + ES Be careful!!!!!!
Kiss (besar) Kisses
Wash (lavar) Washes PLAY PLAYS
Watch (mirar) Watches
Buzz (Zumbar) Buzzes
Go (ir) Goes Vowel (vocal)
CONSONANT + Y Y
+ IES
Study Studies
REST +S
• INTERROGATIVE AND NEGATIVE: (NO Changes in the verb)
o AUXILIAR:
▪ INTERROGATIVE:
• DO/DOES
▪ NEGATIVE:
• DON’T/DOESN’T
PRESENT SIMPLE
Affirmative I watch TV She watches TV
Negative I don’t watch TV She doesn’t watch TV
Interrogative Do I watch TV? Yes, I do/No, I don’t Does She watch TV? Yes, She does/No, She doesn’t
PAST SIMPLE
• AFFIRMATIVE: Verb changes
o REGULAR
▪ + ED
o IRREGULAR
▪ 2nd COLUMN LIST OF IRREGULAR VERBS
• INTERROGATIVE AND NEGATIVE: (NO Changes in the verb)
o AUXILIAR:
▪ INTERROGATIVE:
• DID
▪ NEGATIVE:
• DIDN’T
PAST SIMPLE
Affirmative I played tennis I went to school
Negative I didn’t play tennis I didn’t go to school
Interrogative Did I play tennis? Yes, I did/No, I didn’t Did I go to school? Yes, I did/No, I didn’t
5
TENSES: Tips
FUTURE SIMPLE
o AUXILIAR:
WILL + S + V ?
▪ AFFIRMATIVE AND INTERROGATIVE:
• WILL
▪ NEGATIVE: S + WILL + V
• WON’T
S + WON’T + V
FUTURESIMPLE
Affirmative I will play tennis (jugaré)
Negative I won’t play tennis
Interrogative Will I play tennis? Yes, I will/No, I won’t
FUTURE WITH GOING TO
o AUXILIAR:
▪ AFFIRMATIVE AND INTERROGATIVE:
• VERB TO BE AFFIRMATIVE
o AM/IS/ARE
▪ NEGATIVEB
+ GOING TO +V
• VERB TO BE NEGATIVE
o ‘M NOT/ISN’T/AREN’T
FUTURE WITH GOING TO
Affirmative I am going to play tennis (voy a jugar)
Negative I ‘m not going to play tennis
Interrogative Am I going to play tennis? Yes, I am/ No, I’m not
FUTURE WITH GOING TO
Affirmative She is going to play tennis (va a jugar)
Negative She isn’t going to play tennis
Interrogative Is She going to play tennis? Yes, She is/No, She isn’t
6
TENSES: Tips
PRACTICE
IDENTIFYING TENSES AND FORMS
Examples
I have cooked pizza
PRESENT PERFECT AFFIRMATIVE
I hadn’t gone to school
PAST PERFECT NEGATIVE
She went to school She didn’t go to school Did she go to school ?
PAST SIMPLE AFFIRMATIVE PAST SIMPLE NEGATIVE PAST SIMPLE INTERROGATIVE
Does she like pizza?
PRESENT SIMPLE INTERROGATIVE
They will go to the cinema
FUTURE SIMPLE AFFIRMATIVE
I am talking to you
PRESENT CONTINUOUS AFFIRMATIVE
7
TENSES: Tips
Write tense and form
1. I WILL BUY A CAR _______________________________________________________
2. SHE WATCHES TV _______________________________________________________
3. WE DIDN’T LIKE THE MOVIE _______________________________________________________
4. THEY HAVE PLAYED FOOTBALL _______________________________________________________
5. YOU ARE GOING TO STUDY HARD _______________________________________________________
6. WE WON’T GO ON A PICNIC _______________________________________________________
7. SHE DOESN’T LIKE PASTA _______________________________________________________
8. I WENT HOME _______________________________________________________
9. SHE HASN’T PLAYED THE PIANO _______________________________________________________
10. I’M NOT GOING TO CLEAN THE HOUSE _______________________________________________________
11. THEY WILL VISIT ROME _______________________________________________________
12. HAVE YOU PAINTED THE HOUSE? _______________________________________________________
13. THEY HADN’T LISTENED TO THAT SONG _______________________________________________________
14. HAVE YOU VISITED ROME? _______________________________________________________
15. WILL YOU COME? _______________________________________________________
16. THEY ARE NOT GOING TO PHONE YOU _______________________________________________________
17. ARE YOU AT HOME? _______________________________________________________
18. SHE ISN’T MY MOTHER _______________________________________________________
19. ARE THEY BROTHERS? _______________________________________________________
20. I WASN’T AT HOME YESTERDAY _______________________________________________________
21. WHERE WERE YOU? _______________________________________________________
22. WAS SHE AT WORK? _______________________________________________________
23. SHE ISN’T A TEACHER _______________________________________________________
24. WAS SHE AT SCHOOL? _______________________________________________________
25. I WON’T SPEAK TO HER! _______________________________________________________
26. DO THEY SPEAK ENGLISH? _______________________________________________________
8
TENSES: Tips
Look at the following examples Examples
Cook (Regular verb) COOK/COOKED/COOKED
Go (irregular verb): GO/WENT/GONE
PRESENT SIMPLE I cook pizza She goes to school
PRESENT CONTINUOUS I am cooking pizza She is going to school
PAST CONTINUOUS I was cooking pizza She was going to school
PAST SIMPLE I cooked pizza She went to school
PRESENT PERFECT I have cooked pizza She has gone to school
PAST PERFECT I had cooked pizza She had gone to school
SIMPLE FUTURE I will cook pizza She will go to school
FUTURE WITH GOING TO I am going to cook pizza She is going to go to school
Write the following sentences in all the tenses we’ve revised in the affirmative form
Note
• REGULAR VERBS
o CLOSE
o CLEAN + ED (PAST SIMPLE/PAST PARTICIPLE)
o WASH
• IRREGULAR VERBS
o EAT / ATE / EATEN
o BUY / BOUGHT /BOUGHT
o MEET / MET / MET
9
TENSES: Tips
PRESENT SIMPLE I eat sweets He closes the door
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
PAST CONTINUOUS
PAST SIMPLE
PRESENT PERFECT
PAST PERFECT
SIMPLE FUTURE
FUTURE WITH GOING TO
PRESENT SIMPLE I clean the house She buys ice-creams
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
PAST CONTINUOUS
PAST SIMPLE
PRESENT PERFECT
PAST PERFECT
SIMPLE FUTURE
FUTURE WITH GOING TO
PRESENT SIMPLE They meet friends He washes the dishes
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
PAST CONTINUOUS
PAST SIMPLE
PRESENT PERFECT
PAST PERFECT
SIMPLE FUTURE
FUTURE WITH GOING TO
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