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Complete METAR Elements Guide

The document provides a comprehensive guide to METAR elements, detailing the structure and components of routine and special weather reports. Key elements include station identifier, date/time, wind information, visibility, weather phenomena, sky condition, temperature and dew point, altimeter setting, recent weather, wind shear, trend forecast, runway state, sea-level pressure, and remarks. Each element is explained with examples for clarity.

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Raj Arora
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14 views2 pages

Complete METAR Elements Guide

The document provides a comprehensive guide to METAR elements, detailing the structure and components of routine and special weather reports. Key elements include station identifier, date/time, wind information, visibility, weather phenomena, sky condition, temperature and dew point, altimeter setting, recent weather, wind shear, trend forecast, runway state, sea-level pressure, and remarks. Each element is explained with examples for clarity.

Uploaded by

Raj Arora
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Complete METAR Elements Guide

Type of Report:

METAR (routine) or SPECI (special)

Station Identifier:

ICAO 4-letter airport code (e.g., VABB for Mumbai)

Date/Time of Report:

Format: DDHHMMZ (e.g., 171530Z = 17th day at 1530 Zulu time)

Wind:

Direction (true) and speed. Format: dddffGggKT (e.g., 27015G25KT = from 270° at 15 kt, gusting to

25 kt)

Visibility:

In meters or statute miles (e.g., 8000 = 8 km visibility)

Weather Phenomena:

Abbreviated codes like RA (rain), BR (mist), +TSRA (heavy thunderstorm rain), etc.

Sky Condition:

Cloud cover layers using FEW, SCT, BKN, OVC, and their heights (e.g., BKN030 = broken clouds at

3000 ft)

Temperature and Dew Point:

Given in °C (e.g., 25/24 = Temp 25°C, Dew Point 24°C). M prefix means minus.

Altimeter Setting:

QNH in hPa (e.g., Q1013 = 1013 hPa)

Recent Weather:

RE followed by weather code (e.g., RERA = recent rain)

Wind Shear:
WS followed by runway (e.g., WS R27 = wind shear on Runway 27)

Trend Forecast:

BECMG, TEMPO with weather/visibility/cloud changes expected soon

Runway State:

When applicable, includes runway surface conditions (e.g., R25/0600U)

Sea-Level Pressure:

SLP in hPa (e.g., SLP132 = 1013.2 hPa) if reported

Remarks:

RMK for non-standard or additional observations (e.g., RMK TS OHD = thunderstorm overhead)

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