Department of Electrical Engineering

Techno International New Town

Power System-II Laboratory (EE-692)

Title of the Experiment: - Study of different characteristics of over current relay.

Objectives: -
1. To get an overview of Electromagnetic relay.
2. To know the types of relays used as Over Current Relay.
3. To know the basic principle of operation of ‘Over Current Relay’.
4. To familiar with the construction of ‘Over Current Relay’.
5. To study the ‘current versus time’ characteristic of the ‘over current relay’, keeping the Time
Multiplier Setting (TMS) fix at 1 and varying the Plug Setting Multiplier (PSM) in steps. Also to
find out the variation and calculate the percentage error in operation (readings) with the
manufacturer’s marked values.
Objective no. (5) is needed to perform in the laboratory.

Theory: -
An over current relay is used for the protection of distribution lines, large motors, power equipments
etc. The operating time of all over current relays tends to become asymptotic to a definite minimum
value with increase in the value of current. This is inherent in electromagnetic relays due to saturation
of the magnetic circuit. So by varying the point of saturation of the magnetic circuits is obtained; these
are:
a) Definite Time.
b) Inverse definite minimum time (IDMT).
c) Very inverse
d) Extremely inverse.
The torque of these relays is proportional to 12Sin where 1 and 2 the two fluxes cutting the disc
or cup and  is the angle between them.

Circuit Diagram: -
CT To timer of
P1 P2
R Secondary Injection Kit
S1 S2 NO COM

Load 1 2
P1 P2 3
Y Over To
S1 S2 Current Trip
Relay Ckt.
P1 P2 4
B 9 10

S1 S2

O/C Relay (typical) Secondary Injection Kit

Over Current relay connection diagram

Figure-1
 Department of Electrical Engineering
Techno International New Town
Power System-II Laboratory (EE-692)

Procedure :-
Procedure to be followed for the test: -
Step-1: Connect the relay as per the connection diagram shown in figure-1.
Step-2: Set the relay at any plug setting and TMS at 1.
Step-3: By adjusting the current regulator of secondary injection kit inject desire current to terminal
9, 10 of over current relay [secondary current = X.Y, where X=Relay setting, Y= PSM]
Step-4: Note the movement of disc of the relay and also note the tripping time from the timer
Display. Note the tripping time from characteristics curve.
Step-5: Set the relay at different plug setting and TMS at 1.
Step-6: For every plug setting adjusting the current regulator of secondary injection kit again inject
desire current to terminal 9, 10 of over current relay [secondary current = X.Y, where
X=Relay setting, Y= PSM]
Step-7: Note the movement of disc of the relay and also note the tripping time from the timer
display also note the tripping time from characteristics curve, note the data to data table.
Step-9: Repeat step-3 to step-4 by changing the TMS value at 0.5.

Apparatus Used:-

Observed Data Table

Testing on over current relay

Pick Magnitude Actual Time from

Sl.
up of Fault PSM T.M.S tripping characteristic % Error Remarks
No.
Value Current Time curve
1

8
 Department of Electrical Engineering
Techno International New Town
Power System-II Laboratory (EE-692)

Graph Analysis:

Conclusion:
Questionnaire:
1. Briefly explain (with diagram wherever necessary) the following:
a) ‘protective relay’ & ‘protective relaying’
b) ‘trip Circuit’
c) ‘fault clearing time’
d) ‘relay time’
e) ‘plug setting’ & ‘plug setting multiplier’ (PSM)
f) ‘time setting’ & ‘time multiplier setting’ (TMS)
2. What are the desired qualities of a protective relaying scheme?
3. Write a sample specification of an ‘Over Current Relay’.
4. Plot the ‘current versus time’ characteristic for the ‘over current relay’ in a graph paper.

Reference books: -
1. ‘Switchgear and Protection’ by Sunil S. Rao ( Khanna Publishers)
2. ‘Power System Protection and Switchgear’ by B. Ravindranath & M. Chandra (New Age
International (P) Ltd.)
3. ‘Power System Protection and Switchgear’ by Badriram & D.N. Vishwakarma. (Tata McGraw
Hill)
4. ‘Switchgear and Protection’ by M. V. Despande
5. ‘Fundamentals of Power System Protection’ By S. R. Bhide
 Department of Electrical Engineering
Techno International New Town
Power System-II Laboratory (EE-692)

DATA SHEET

Title of the Experiment: - “Study of different characteristics of over current relay”

Date: Name: Roll No. :

Objective:
Theory:

Observed data
Testing on over current relay

Pick Magnitude Time taken Actual Time from

Sl.
up of Fault PSM by the relay T.M.S tripping characteristic % Error Remarks
No.
Value Current to operate Time curve
1

Graph
Conclusion

Signature of the Faculty

Department of Electrical Engineering
Techno International New Town
Power System-II Laboratory (EE-692)
Department of Electrical Engineering
Techno International New Town
Power System-II Laboratory (EE-692)