Course Code: CSC491
Course Title: Management Information System
Lecture / Week No. 1
Department: Faculty of Computer Science
Introduction to Information
Systems in
Organization
Prepared by : Ali Shiraz Jafari
Contents
1. What is Information?
2. Why do we Require Information?
3. Difference between Data & Information
4. Characteristics of Perfect Information
5. What is System
6. What is Management Information
7. What is Management Information System
8. Role of MIS
9. Types of MIS
10.Advantages of MIS
11.What is an Organization?
12.Why do we need MIS in Organization?
13.Advantages of MIS in an Organization
14.References & Resources
What is Information?
Reference No. 1
Data are facts, events and transactions which have been
recorded. They are basically the raw inputs which
further get processed to become information.
When facts are filtered through one or more processes
(human or system), and are ready to give certain kind of
details… they are the information.
Processed data when presented in some useful and
meaningful form, it is actually the information we are
looking at.
Why do we Require Information?
Reference No. 1
To ensure effective & efficient decision making leading
to prosperity of the organization.
Difference between Data & Info rmatio n
Reference No. 1
Data Information
Raw facts Processed facts
Dead stored facts Live presented facts
Inactive (only exists in the Active (being processed data for
backend) knowledge base)
Technology oriented Business oriented
Characteristics of Perfect Info rmatio n
Reference No. 1
Relevant
Accurate
Complete
Understandable
What is System?
Reference No. 1
• System is a functional unit, which involves set of
procedures/functions to produce certain outputs
by processing data/information given as input.
Input Process Output
What is Management Information
Reference No. 1
Useful information for management decisions
Comprises processed data (information), necessary
for making management decisions and generally
gives output in the form of tables, matrix, reports,
dashboards, graphs, trends, etc for logical and
analytical comparisons.
Viz. Market trend reports, sales report, IT
application usage reports, Management
dashboards, business information reports, research
reports, etc.
W h a t i s M a n a g e m e n t I n fo r m a t i o n S y s t e m
Reference No. 1
MIS is basically a tool which gives a holistic report of processed
information based on which management can take certain crucial
decision on which strategy and tactics could be figured out
MIS provides information that is needed to manage organizations
efficiently and effectively
MIS is any organized approach for obtaining relevant and timely
information on which managerial decisions are based
MIS facilitates the decision making process and enable the
organizational planning, control, and operational functions to be
carried out effectively
MIS is a study of how individuals, groups, and organizations
evaluate, design, implement, manage, and utilize systems to
generate information to improve efficiency and effectiveness of
decision making, including systems termed decision support
systems, expert systems, and executive information systems.
Ro l e o f M I S
Reference No. 1
• Effective decision making Technology People
based upon:
• Quality analysis
• Cost & budget analysis Data/Information
• Risk analysis
• Market analysis
• Inventory analysis
• SWOT analysis
• Stakeholder analysis
• Feedback analysis
• Behavior analysis
• Report & Dashboard
preparation
Ty p e s o f M I S
Reference No. 1
Management information systems (MIS), produce fixed, regularly scheduled
reports based on data extracted and summarized from the firm’s underlying
transaction processing systems to middle and operational level managers to
identify and inform structured and semi-structured decision problems.
Decision support systems (DSS) are computer program applications used by
middle management to compile information from a wide range of sources to
support problem solving and decision making.
Executive information systems (EIS) is a reporting tool that provides quick
access to summarized reports coming from all company levels and
departments such as accounting, human resources and operations.
Marketing information systems are MIS designed specifically for managing
the marketing aspects of the business.
Office automation systems (OAS) support communication and productivity in
the enterprise by automating work flow and eliminating bottlenecks. OAS
may be implemented at any and all levels of management.
Advantages of MIS
Reference No. 1
Companies are able to highlight their strengths and weaknesses due to
the presence of revenue reports, employees' performance record etc.
The identification of these aspects can help the company improve their
business processes and operations.
Giving an overall picture of the company and acting as a
communication and planning tool.
The availability of the customer data and feedback can help the
company to align their business processes according to the needs of
the customers. The effective management of customer data can help
the company to perform direct marketing and promotion activities.
Information is considered to be an important asset for any company in
the modern competitive world. The consumer buying trends and
behaviors can be predicted by the analysis of sales and revenue reports
from each operating region of the company.
W h a t i s a n O r ga n i za t i o n ?
Reference No. 1
A social unit of people, systematically structured
and managed to meet a need or to pursue
collective goals on a continuing basis
W hy d o we n e e d M I S i n O rga n i zat i o n ?
Reference No. 1
All Organizations have a management structure that determines the
relationships b/w functions and positions and subdivides and delegates roles,
responsibilities and authority to carry out defined tasks.
Support the Business Process : Treats inputs as a request from the customer
and outputs as services to customer. Supports current operations and use the
system to influence further way of working.
Support Operation of a Business Organization : MIS supports operations of a
business organization by giving timely information, maintenance and
enhancement which provides flexibility in the operation of an organizations.
To Support Decision Making : MIS supports the decision making by employee
in their daily operations. MIS also supports managers in decision making to
meet the goals and objectives of the organization. Different mathematical
models and IT tools are used for the purpose evolving strategies to meet
competitive needs.
Strategies for an Organization : Today each business is running in a competitive
market. MIS supports the organization to evolve appropriate strategies for the
business to assented in a competitive environment.
A d va nta ge s o f M I S i n a n O rga n i zat i o n
Reference No. 1
MIS when properly developed and used in an organization brings in a lot of
benefits for the organization. A list of the benefits of MIS for a organization
are:
MIS increases Productivity.
MIS enhances the quality of decision-making
MIS improves communication and helps develop team work
MIS can facilitate organizational transformation
References & Resources
1. All topics are covered from Course Reference Book Business Driven Information Systems by
P. Baltzan, B. Detlor and C. Welsh Publisher: McGraw Hill Edition: 4th. Year: 2015.
