[DISCUSSION
How to write the introduction
Topic sentence:
It is believed that / it is argued that /people have diverse opinions about/while some people think…
others believe….
Your opinion: although + quan diem con lai, I believe that + quan diem dc ung ho
How to write a body
Body 1: discuss the first opinion
Body 2: discuss the second opinion – quan diem dc ung ho
PRACTICE
Exercise 1:
Many people believe that good planning is the key factor to success in life, while others
believe that other factors like hard or luck are important. Discuss both views and give your
opinion.
Solution:
It is believed that successful people result from making effective plans, while others think several
elements such as diligence and fortune are more vital. In my opinion, the combination of multiple
factors can ensure great achievement for people.
On the one hand, people think that planning skills are the most important contributor to one’s
success. This is because people with planning skills will determine exactly which direction they
are going and plan out clear steps to follow to fulfill their singular aims. In other words, plans
remind them to make greater effort and persevere with what they are doing. Gradually, they
will achieve their goals step by step. Additionally, planning allows people to make timely
adjustments in the future. More specifically, they can predict the foreseeable, which can reduce
the risks involved and increase the chances of success.
On the other hand, other factors such as diligence and fortune share equal importance. Being
assiduous ensures people pay attention to their work and pursue their passions without giving up,
hence they are more likely to gain their success. Another element is being fortunate in having an
opportune chance to develop. For instance, Bun Cha Huong Luong restaurant in Ha Noi became
instantly famous after the surprise visit of U.S. President Obama in 2016 since diners from all
corners of Vietnam wanted to come to this restaurant and try the same staples as he did
In conclusion, although I agree that good planning is crucial, other factors such as being hard-
working and lucky may also result in success in life.
Exercise 2:
Some people argue job satisfaction is more important than job security. For other people, a
permanent job is more important. Discuss both these views and give your own opinions
Job satisfaction is mức độ mà 1 người lao động cảm thấy có động lực, vừa ý và hài long với công
việc của mình
Job security công việc ôn đinh, có thể công việc sẽ lau dài Mk k bị sa thải
It is argued that job security is not as important as how satisfied we feel with what we do, whereas
others believe that we should do a job that frees us from unemployment stress and ensures we have
a stable income. I am personally in favor of the viewpoint of the second group.
On the one hand, some people believe a permanent job is more important because in today’s cut-
throat labor market where thousands of new graduates face unemployment annually, staying in the
same job is a much safer choice than switching jobs to seek job satisfaction. Moreover, with the
combination of the increasingly competitive job market and the rising cost of living, it is a serious
matter for those who are primary breadwinners and experience temporary unemployment. Because
in this situation they can not afford to pay their bills. Gradually, it can put them under extreme
stress and overload, they may feel left behind in a fast-paced life nowadays.
On the other hand, there are several reasons why job satisfaction is believed to be more
important than job security. The first reason is to enhance productivity and employee morale in the
workplace. For example, Google provides a gym, climbing walls, or video gaming machines in
most of its offices to suit the different needs and desires of its employees. Once satisfied, workers
are less likely to suffer from work stress or burnout, improving productivity and efficiency in
working, and resulting in increasing the company’s revenue. Moreover, when the employees
‘needs are met, leading to reducing turnover rate, the company does not only need to spend a huge
amount of their money on recruiting activities or training but also retain skilled employees who put
their greater efforts into the general development of the company.
In conclusion, although some people believe a secure job is more important than a satisfying job, I
side with /I believe with those who believe the importance of job satisfaction exceeds that of job
security, as satisfied employees are more likely to be more productive and committed to the
organization.
Exercise 3.
Some people believe teenagers should focus on all subjects equally, whereas other people
think that they should concentrate on only those subjects that they find interesting and they
are best at.
Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
Give reasons for your answer and include relevant examples from your knowledge or experience.
It is argued that teenagers ought to allocate equal attention to all academic subjects, whereas, other
people believe they solely focus on those they find intriguing or excel in. I am personally in favor
of the viewpoint of the second group.
On the one hand, some people believe that paying attention to all subjects is necessary for
teenagers because a broad curriculum provides students with a diverse array of knowledge,
fostering well-rounded individuals. It cultivates a versatile skill set, enabling students to tackle
various challenges and adapt to changing circumstances in the future. Moreover, this approach can
help adolescents discover and identify their career interests as they are more likely to realize their
aptitude for certain areas of expertise, encouraging them to pursue a job related to their favorite
subject.
On the other hand, there are several reasons why teenagers should focus on the subjects that they
feel intriguing and good at. The first reason is that it can develop a passion for exploring in-depth
knowledge about the subject that they are keen on instead of feeling unsatisfied if they are forced
to learn something that they are not interested in. For example, a student who struggles with maths
might become frustrated when attempting the assigned homework, which reduces motivation and
academic outcomes. Moreover, this approach not only boosts academic performance due to
heightened engagement and motivation but also fosters deeper learning and expertise.
Specialization can lead to early professional development, giving students a head start in their
future careers.
In conclusion, although some people believe that learning all subjects is vital, I side with /I believe
with those who believe that focusing on those teenagers are keen on and excel at is more important
as this approach respects individual uniqueness and can lead to significant achievements and
fulfillment in students' chosen areas.
VOCABS
Cultivate: to prepare the land and grow crops on it, or to grow a particular crop VD: most of the
land is too poor to cultivate
VD: Try to develop and improve something VD has cultivated an image as a tough negotiator.
Exercise 4
Some people think that museums should be enjoyable places to entertain people, while others
believe that the purpose of museums is to educate. Discuss both views and give your own
opinion
People have different views on whether museums should be utilized for educational and leisure
value. In my opinion, both can be achieved at the same time.
On the one hand, it can be argued that main the role of museums is to entertain. Museums are
tourist attractions, and they aim to exhibit a collection of interesting objects that people want to
see. The average visitor may feel bored when he or she has to read and listen to too much
educational content, so museums often put more emphasis on enjoyment rather than learning. This
type of museum is designed to be visually spectacular and may have interactive activities or even
games as part of its exhibitions.
On the other hand, some people argue that museums should focus on education because the aim
of any exhibition should be to teach visitors something that they did not previously know. Usually,
this means that the history behind the museum’s exhibits needs to be explained, and this can be
done in various ways. Some museums employ professional guides to talk to their visitors, others
may offer headsets so that the visitors can listen to detailed commentary about their exhibition. For
example, visitors to Hoa Lo Prison Relic have the option to rent individual headsets that provide
detailed commentary about each artifact, allowing the chance to learn about the place at one’s own
pace.
In conclusion, it seems to me that a good museum should be able to offer an interesting, enjoyable,
and educational experience so that people can have fun and learn something at the same time.
VOCABS
Artifact (n): hien vat
Escapism (n): chu nghia thoat ly thuc tai
Exercise 5
There are more and more parents working full-time. Some people argue that childcare centers are
the best for taking care of young children. Others think grandparents are better carers. Discuss both
views and give your opinion.
Introduction: paraphrasing and give your opinion: grandparents: suitable more
Body
Body 1: childcare centers:
- Main idea 1: professional organizations, staff: well-trained good babysitting skills
- Supporting idea: know how to cope with these children in various circumstances or
unexpected situations Giving an example
- Main idea 2: have many children from different backgrounds
- Supporting ideas: communicate and play along with friends develop essential skills
Body 2: grandparents
- Main idea 1: blood relationship, they tend to spend more time and make more effort to care
for their grandchildren.
- Main idea 2: Children are more likely to be family-oriented when they grow up
- Supporting ideas: Children brought up by grandparents would receive moral lessons and
traditional family values This helps tighten the family bonding as people feel a
common sense of interest
- Example: The fact that they can spend several hours telling their grandchildren fairy tales
and traditional stories about family will create an invisible bond between family members
and tie up the relationship among generations.
SOLUTION
It is argued whether parents should give their children to childcare centers or their grandparents to
take care of them because parents nowadays are full-time workers. In my opinion, childcare is a
better choice because of some reasonable reasons.
On the one hand, it is understandable why parents would entrust daycare centers with their
children. To begin with, childcare centers are professional organizations that recruit staff with
well-trained and hands-on experience dealing with kids. For example, in emergency cases, such as
when a child falls over and gets injured, the staff in the care centers will act quickly and give first
aid. Moreover, daycare centers are places where there are many children with different
backgrounds coming to study, and when children interact or come together, they can easily
develop friendships with each other through many teamwork interactive activities. This, in turn,
helps for their later transition to school as they become more independent and slowly learn to fit in
a community.
On the other hand, some people think that giving children to their grandparents is a better option
because, on the grounds of their blood relationship, they love their grandchildren more than other
people do. They tend to spend more time and make more effort to care for their grandchildren,
which contrasts with care centers when they have to care for many kids at the same time.
Additionally, children are more likely to be family-oriented when they grow. Children brought up
by grandchildren would receive moral lessons and traditional family values helping tighten the
family bonding as people feel a common sense of interest. For example, grandparents can spend
several hours telling their grandchildren fairy tales and traditional stories about family will create
an invisible bond between family members and tie up the relationship among generations.
In conclusion, even though there are several benefits when parents give their children to daycare
centers, I believe that members in the family like grandparents are the best choice for childcare.
Exercise 6
Some people think that strict punishments for driving offenses are the key to reducing traffic
accidents. Others, however, believe that other measures would be more effective in improving road
safety. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion
Exercise 7
Advertising is all around us; it is an unavoidable part of everyone’s life. Some people say that
advertising is a positive part of our lives while others say it is a negative one. Discuss both views
and include your own opinion
PHRASE VERBS WITH MADE
Made with: Chúng ta thường sử dụng để nói về các thành phần có trong thực phẩm và thức uống
Ex: This dish is made with fish, tomatoes and herbs. (Món ăn này được làm bằng cá, cà chua và
rau thơm.)
Made out of: Chúng ta thường sử dụng để nói về một cái gì đã được thay đổi từ một thứ này sang
một thứ khác.
Ex: They were living in tents made out of old plastic sheets. (Họ đang sống trong những chiếc lều
làm từ những tấm nhựa cũ.)
Made of: Chúng ta thường sử dụng để nói về vật liệu cơ bản hay phẩm chất của một cái gì đó. Nó
tương tự như ''composed of''.
Ex: This shirt is made of cotton. (Chiếc áo này được làm từ cô-tông.)
Made in: Chúng ta thường sử dụng để nói về một vật được làm ra ở đâu.
Ex: These dresses are made in China.
Made for: Chúng ta thường sử dụng để nói về một vật gì đó được làm cho ai.
Ex: This cake was made for my son. Today is his birthday
Made from: Chúng ta thường sử dụng để nói về một vật gì đó được sản xuất như thế nào, nguyên
vật liệu đã biến đổi khỏi trạng thái ban đầu để làm nên vật.
Ex: Plastic is made from oil.
Wine is made from grapes.
Made by : Chúng ta thường sử dụng để nói về cái gì đó được tạo ra bởi ai.
Ex: This dress was made by Mom. She is a tailor.
To be honest/ Truly, our team decided to participate in the research programs to discover how to do
research, and the process of doing research. Our main team’s purpose is just to learn new
knowledge, not so
Mục đich: hiêu quá trình nghiên cứu
- biết nhiều thứ mở mang, tham gia workshop,
Good afternoon teachers and all students appearing in this room. Today, I feel delighted to present
our research about the influence of Macro factors affecting stock prices with evidence from the
Vietnam stock market. This is not a difficult or easy topic and we use secondary data, a simple
method to do the research.
This is our team members including me (Nguyen Minh Thu) and Vu Thi Ngoc Anh with the great
support and assistance from Advisor/ Master…. Nguyen Tuan Minh.
Before we start our presentation, I just want to express my motivation to do research. To be honest/
Truly, the main purpose of our team, when decided to participate in the research program this year,
was just to understand the process of how to do the research and have a chance to improve my
knowledge through workshops as well as listen to so many sharing from professors and teachers.
Therefore, our team does not put pressure on having to go further and win in this program.Xong
cậu nở nụ cười thật dịu dàng nhìn các thầy. Rồi nhẹ nhàng giới thiệu phần tiếp theo
So let’s move to the table of contents. Our content will divided into 6 parts…..
Cách chuyển ý:
First of all, I’d like to give you an overview of …
Now let’s move to the second/third part of my presentation: …
Let’s move to (the next part which is….)
Now we will discuss…
Next/then/ finally….
Slide thanks :
That is the end of our presentation. Thanks to all the examination board ( hội đồng chấm thi) and
class for your attention and listening. Our research is still shortcomings (thiếu sót, hạn chế), so I
hope the teachers can give our team advice and feedback/comments. Thanks teachers.
Cách nói tôi không biết và câu giờ (nếu dc)
Could you please give me some minutues to….?
I still don’t have any idea about this problem/issue..? can you give me some clues…
introduction + team members
- Trước khi vào tt, mk muốn our motivation (macro factors tác động stocks prices: phuongs
pháp đơn giản, thu thập đơn giản
- Table content: ngắn
Thank you slides: vui moi người cho em nhận xét, cảm ơn ban hội đồng nhiều
Thiếu sót, hoặc xin thời gian
Cần thêm giữ liệu để trả lời…
TOPIC: some people say that the main environmental problem of our time is the loss of
particular species of plants and animals. Others say that there are more important
environmental problems. Discuss both these views and give your opinion
Tại sao lại có ý kiên đầu tiện: context
- Loss of plants and animals: cause a severe impact on the balance of ecosystem, flora and
fauna
Animals and plants play an important role in food chain lack of each can affect seriously
in
Hiện tại số lượng loài động vật hiện có trên Trái Đất đã giảm đi đáng kể (so với thời gian nào), và
có những loại thực động vật đang có nguy cơ bị tuyệt chủng và không thể khôi phục lại được nữa.
- According to World Wildlife Fund ‘s (WWF) Living Planet Report 2024, there has been a
catastrophic 73% decline in the average size of monitored wildlife populations in just 50
years from 1970 to 2020.
- Animals and plants: important in balance the biodiversity all species are interconnected;
they depend on one another. Forests provide homes for animals. Animals eat plants, which
need healthy soil to grow. Fungi help decompose organisms to fertilize the soil. Bees and
other insects carry pollen from one plant to another, which enables the plants to reproduce.
With less biodiversity, these connections weaken, and sometimes break, harming all the
species in the ecosystem
Context 2:
- Air pollution: greenhouse gas emissions
Every year millions of tonnes of greenhouse gas are released into the air from industrial
sites/power plants and the combustion of fossil fuels. This leads to an increasing concentration
of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere, acting as a root of a greenhouse, trapping heat, and causing
environmental problems such as global warming.
- Deforestation:
It is widely known that trees help absorb carbon dioxide in the air and thus reduce climate
change. However, with larger areas of forest being cut down for different purposes, carbon
dioxide and other heat-trapping gases will continue to rise, contributing to global warming.
Some people are of the opinion that the many animals and plants are being threatened with
extinction nowadays, which is the major environmental problem human beings face. Others,
however, believe that there are more environment-related issues that are needed to consider. In my
opinion, I agree with the latter perspective based on some reasons that are explained in the essay.
On the one hand, there are several compelling reasons why losing a particular species is the
biggest problem nowadays. According to World Wildlife Fund ‘s (WWF) Living Planet Report
2024, there has been a catastrophic 73% decline in the average size of monitored wildlife
populations in just 50 years from 1970 to 2020. It is undeniable that floral and fauna play a vital
role in the biodiversity balance. all species are interconnected depending on one another. Forests
provide homes for animals, and animals eat plants, which need healthy soil to grow. Fungi help
decompose organisms to fertilize the soil. Bees and other insects carry pollen from one plant to
another, which enables the plants to reproduce. With less biodiversity, these connections weaken,
and sometimes break, harming all the species in the ecosystem.
On the other hand, I believe, it is necessary to mention other important environmental problems.
The first alarming environmental issue is air pollution. Every year, millions of tonnes of
greenhouse gas are released into the air from industrial sites and the combustion of fossil fuels.
This leads to an increasing concentration of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere, acting as a root
of a greenhouse, trapping heat, which degrade air quality. Another problem is deforestation. It is
widely known that trees help absorb carbon dioxide in the air and thus reduce climate change.
However, with larger areas of forest being cut down for different purposes, carbon dioxide and
other heat-trapping gases will continue to rise, contributing to global warming.
In conclusion, although declining in number of living organisms on the earth causes serious
consequences to biodiversity, I believe that other environmental problems are considered. By
understanding all these issues, all the countries might have right actions to protect our planet.
