NAT PRACTICE TEST SCIENCE

I. Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer.

1. What is the estimated age of the universe? 12. Label the sequences in the nitrogen cycle from A-D, starting from the
A. 13.8 billion A. 13.8 billion conversion of atmospheric nitrogen to biologically available nitrogen:
B. 13.5 billion B. 13.5 billion 1. Ammonification 3. Nitrification
2. What is the central idea of the big bang theory? 2. Denitrification 4. Nitrogen Fixation
A. When two or more galaxies collide, a big bang occurs. A. 4-3-2-1 C. 4-3-1-2
B. As the universe continues to expand, it will eventually collapse. B. 2-4-3-1 D. 2-1-3-4
C. All matter in the universe started at a single point of origin. 13. This led Lynn Margulis to propose that life influences planetary
D. The current universe is at its original location of the cosmic processes. Before the modification, this states that Earth works as a
explosion. regulating system.
3. Why is the steady state theory similar to the big bang theory? A. Uniformitarianism C. Gaia Hypothesis
A. states the origin of the universe from a singularity B. Noosphere D. Anthroposphere
B. propose big crunch as the fate of the universe 14. All the living things are part of this sphere.
C. considers a decreasing density of galaxy A. Atmosphere C. Geosphere
D. proposes an expanding universe B. Biosphere D. Hydrosphere
4. The oscillating universe theory is similar to the big bang theory 15. Mineral exhibit the following characteristics EXCEPT one.
because of BOTH ____. A. Mineral look like crystals since the arrangement of their atom is
A. birth of a universe from a singularity ordered and repetitive.
B. proposes a condensing universe B. Mineral has been formed by geologic processes without any human
C. considers a decreasing density of galaxy intervention.
D. big crunch as the fate of the universe C. Mineral exhibit stability at room temperature because it is solid.
5. What is the proper sequence of the following events? D. Mineral is organic and formed by organic processes.
1. The solar nebula condensed to form small planetesimals. 16. The common rock-forming minerals are quartz, feldspar, mica,
2. A cloud of gas and dust contracted. pyroxene, amphibole, and olivine. All of the following silicate minerals,
3. A disk-shaped solar nebula formed. except for __________, are mineral groups. This mineral is a glass-like
4. The planetesimals collided to form larger planets. hard substance with white streaks.
A. 1-2-3-4 C. 2-3-4-1 A. Quartz C. Pyroxene
B. 2-3-1-4 D. 4-1-3-2 B. Feldspar D. Olivine
6. What is the reason why the tidal theory is WRONG in proposing 17. Which of the following statement is TRUE?
that the hot gas from the passing star condensed into planets instead A. Quartz is a good example of an idiochromatic mineral.
of condensing into planetesimals? B. Luster is the color of the powdered form of a mineral.
A. A protosun will cause another star to collapse. C. Cleavage occurs when the mineral breaks unevenly.
B. Accretion is the process that forms planetesimal. D. Talc can scratch diamond.
C. As the radius of a gas cloud decreases it spins faster. 18. Metamorphic rocks are transformed from preexisting rocks when they
D. Materials from either star cannot contract. are involved in tectonic processes. What conditions led to this
7. Accretion is used to explain the formation of planet Earth. The transformation?
attraction of multiple particles of matter eventually led to the A. higher pressures and higher temperatures
formation of the planetoid. The accretion hypothesis is categorized B. higher pressures and lower temperatures
into two – homogenous accretion and heterogenous accretion. C. lower pressures and higher temperatures
Arrange the following events of heterogeneous accretion in order: D. lower pressures and lower temperatures
1. The condensed particles collided with each other. 19. Sandstone, limestone, shale, and chalk are examples of
2. Condensation of oxides of aluminum and calcium followed by A. igneous rocks C. metamorphic rocks
iron and nickel. B. sedimentary rocks D. ore minerals
3. The nebula cooled further. 20. Rocks are classified based on how they were formed. The three major
4. Condensation of silicates. types are igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. Which of the
5. Accretion of aluminum and calcium oxides accreted followed by following statements is correct?
iron and nickel forming Earth’s center core. A. Igneous rocks are formed through the cooling and solidification of
A. 2-1-3-5-4 C. 1-4-5-3-2 magma or lava.
B. 2-3-4-1-5 D. 1-2-3-4-5 B. Sedimentary rocks are formed from the accumulation and compression
8. Which of the following factors is essential for life to exist? of sediments.
A. liquid water C. temperature C. Metamorphic rocks are formed through the alteration of existing rock
B. nutrients D. all of the above through heat, pressure, or chemical processes.
9. Earth is considered a dynamic planet and the only planet D. All of the above statements are correct.
necessary to support life. The Sun, water, and atmosphere make the 21. Minerals are present in rocks, oceans, and even in the food that we eat.
Earth habitable. With that, what do you call the layer that protects us Minerals can also be used in industry, medicine, and aesthetics. What
from the sun’s harmful UV radiation? minerals is used in making filaments of a light bulb?
A. troposphere C. thermosphere A. Halite C. Fluorite
B. stratosphere D. exosphere B. Tungsten D. Talc
10. One of the possible scenarios of the end of the universe where 22. What mineral is found on the component of toothpaste which prevents
the universe is predicted to shrink and eventually collapse on itself. tooth decay?
A. Big Crunch C. Big Bang A. Halite C. Fluorite
B. Big Freeze D. Big Melt B. Tungsten D. Talc
11. Which analogy correctly corresponds to the characteristics of the 23. All statements are correct EXCEPT one.
following Earth’s spheres or Earh’s subsystems? A. A mineral is considered as an essential part of the everyday living of
A. geosphere: solid Earth; hydrosphere: gaseous envelope humankind.
B. biosphere: living organisms; geosphere: solid Earth B. The use of minerals depends on the mineral’s physical and chemical
C. atmosphere: solid Earth; biosphere: living organisms properties.
D. hydrosphere: water portion; atmosphere: living organisms C. The mineral iron is a poor conductor of electricity and has a high melting
point.
D. Minerals can be seen at home, in personal things, as components of
electronics, for making jewelry, and for health and medicine
24. Mario examined the ore sample from the undeveloped mining 39. Most of the water on Earth is
site in Batangas. He tested the chemical, mineral, and particle size of A. lake water C. salt water
the mineral sample from a site. What mineral processing did he B. frost water D. fresh water
perform? 40. A process where water vapor is turned into liquid water.
A. analysis C. dewatering A. evaporation C. infiltration
B. comunition D. sampling B. condensation D. transpiration
25. Which is NOT true about surface mining? 41. Why do we need to conserve water?
A. In surface mining, the soil and rock that covered the ores are A. It is a limited resource.
removed through blasting. B. It is a renewable source.
B. It is used to extract ore minerals near the surface of the Earth. C. It is a non-renewable source.
C. Surface mining can be done through open pit, dredging, and strip D. There is no need to conserve water.
mining. 42. Groundwater is the water which can be found below Earth’s surface.
D. It is the most dangerous method of mining. What do you call the bodies of rock and/or sediment with the ability to
26. Mineral deposits are aggregates of minerals present in high store and transmit water?
concentrations. Mineral deposits can be categorized into four (4) A. Aquifer C. Spring
groups. What group involves minerals that pertain to those needed B. Dam D. Well
by living organisms? 43. Saltwater is water that has a significant amount of salt dissolved
A. Energy Resources C. Industrial Mineral Resources within. Desalination is a method of purifying saltwater into freshwater or
B. Metal Resources D. Essential Minerals Resources simply the removal of salt. Arrange the following steps of desalination:
For Nos. 27, and 28, choose from the following choices: 1. Filling the desalination tank with water.
A. Air Quality C. Ecosystem 2. Condensation of freshwater
B. Land Resources D. Local Communities 3. Draining of the freshwater
27. Which of the following are the usual negative impact of mining 4. Evaporation of saltwater
that completely destroys animal habitats and affects their health and 5.Use of freshwater
way of living? A. 1-2-3-4-5 C. 1-3-2-4-5
28. Health, food security and livelihood of the Filipinos who first B. 1-4-2-3-5 D. 1-5-3-4-2
inhabited the area were at risk because of the mining operations. 44. Interpret the picture below, what is the possible solution to the given
29. The following are ways to lessen mining wastes and its effects on picture?
the environment EXCEPT one. A. Strict implementation of Clean Water Act.
A. Apply new technologies in extracting ore minerals. B. Conserve water
B. Plan exploration of the rehabilitation of mining sites. C. Discipline from residences.
C. Ensure reforestation of communities near mining sites. D. Filter your drinking water to avoid water-
D. Ensure proper management of tailings from milling ores. related diseases.
30. Which energy resource is derived from natural organic 45. The human body functions through interconnected systems that work together to
materials? maintain life. The circulatory system, composed of the heart and blood vessels,
A. fossil fuels C. geothermal transports oxygen, nutrients, and waste throughout the body. The digestive system
B. solar D. hydroelectirc breaks down food into absorbable nutrients and energy. The respiratory system is
31. Fossil fuels formed million years ago from different materials. essential for gas exchange, allowing oxygen to enter the bloodstream and carbon
Which of the following are its components? dioxide to be expelled. The nervous system controls and coordinates body functions
by processing sensory information and sending signals to muscles and organs.
1. remains of bacteria
Lastly, the musculoskeletal system provides structure and movement, with muscles
2. remains of animals contracting to allow mobility. These systems must work in harmony, especially
3. remains of all vegetation during activities like exercise, where increased oxygen demand engages the
4. remains of volcanic ashes respiratory and circulatory systems.
A. 1,2 and 3 C. 1,3, and 4
46. Which of the following accurately describes the interplay between the
B. 1,2, and 4 D. 2,3, and 4 circulatory and respiratory systems during exercise, in terms of physiological
32. This is a process that results in the formation of coal. changes and their impact on homeostasis?
A. Peatification C. Cemnentation A. Increased heart rate reduces oxygen delivery, leading to anaerobic metabolism in
B. Compaction D. Coalification the muscles.
33. It is the internal heat of Earth which can be exploited and used by B. Enhanced ventilation increases oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide removal, while
humans. elevated heart rate enhances blood flow to active tissues.
A. geothermal energy C. fossil fuels C. Decreased blood pressure allows for more efficient gas exchange in the lungs,
improving oxygen saturation.
B. hydroelectric energy D. solar energy
D. Stagnation of blood flow leads to a buildup of lactic acid, subsequently inhibiting
34. The three main elements of geothermal energy. respiratory functions.
A. heat source, reservoir, and geothermal fluid 47. How does the structure of the heart in mammals, with its four chambers,
B. reservoir, source rock, and heat source enhance its function compared to the two-chambered heart found in fish?
C. reservoir, geothermal fluid and cap rock A. The four chambers allow for complete separation of oxygenated and
D. heat source, peat and source rock deoxygenated blood, enabling more efficient oxygen delivery to tissues.
35. The three classifications of the hydroelectric power plant. B. The two chambers provide a higher blood flow rate, which is more efficient for
A. mini-hydro, micro-hydro, medium hydro all animal sizes.
C. The structure of fish hearts allows for better regulation of blood pressure in
B. mini-hydro, micro-hydro, large-hydro
terrestrial environments.
C. mini-hydro, impoundment, micro-hydro D. Mammals have lower metabolic demands; thus, their heart structure is less
D. large-hydro, diversion, run-of-river complex than that of fish.
36. This type of hydroelectric power plant works like a battery 48. How does the structure of the roots, stems, and leaves in flowering plants
storing the generated electricity. contribute to their overall functions in growth and survival?
A. diversion C. pumped A) Roots primarily anchor the plant while also serving as the main site for
B. impoundment D. run-of-river photosynthesis.
37. Choose which of the following is a nonrenewable energy source. B) Stems provide support and transport nutrients and water while leaves capture
sunlight for photosynthesis.
A. fossil fuels C. geothermal C) Leaves store nutrients for the plant, while stems absorb water from the soil.
B. solar D. hydroelectirc D) Roots and stems are mainly responsible for gas exchange, with leaves having no
38. Which of the following is a way to address the different significant role in this process.
environmental concerns related to the use of fossil fuels, geothermal 49. In the context of plant organ systems, which metabolic process utilizes light
energy, and hydroelectric energy? energy to synthesize organic compounds from carbon dioxide and water, while
A. Implement carbon capture and storage technologies for fossil fuel simultaneously generating oxygen as a byproduct, and involves specialized cellular
emissions structures known as chloroplasts?
A. Cellular Respiration
B. Promote the development of enhanced geothermal systems to
B. Photorespiration
minimize environmental impact C. Photosynthesis
C. Utilize fish-friendly turbine designs and fish ladders to protect D. Chemiosmosis
aquatic life in hydroelectric plants 50. Which of the following statements explains why using genetically modified
D. Encourage the use of advanced air pollution control technologies (GM) crops tends to be more expensive for farmers?
for fossil fuel power plants A. Farmers are required to buy new GM seeds every year.
B. Farmers can reuse GM seeds multiple times each season.
C. GM crops yield a lower harvest compared to traditional crops.
D. Farmers receive subsidies for using GM crops.
KEY TO CORRECTION

1. A 11. B 21. B 31. A 41. A

2. C 12. C 22. C 32. D 42. A

3. D 13. C 23. C 33. A 43. B

4. A 14. B 24. A 34. A 44. B

5. B 15. D 25. D 35. B 45. D

6. D 16. A 26. D 36. C 46. A

7. B 17. C 27. C 37. A 47. A

8. D 18 A 28. D 38. A 48. D

9. B 19. B 29. C 39. C 49. B

10. A 20. A 30. A 40. B 50. A