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FVM - Lecture 1

The document provides an introduction to the basics of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) focusing on the Finite Volume Method (FVM). It covers key topics such as conservation equations, discretization methods, types of grids, and the integration of transport equations over control volumes. The FVM is highlighted for its ability to satisfy integral conservation exactly within control volumes, making it suitable for various geometries.

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12 views15 pages

FVM - Lecture 1

The document provides an introduction to the basics of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) focusing on the Finite Volume Method (FVM). It covers key topics such as conservation equations, discretization methods, types of grids, and the integration of transport equations over control volumes. The FVM is highlighted for its ability to satisfy integral conservation exactly within control volumes, making it suitable for various geometries.

Uploaded by

prem.gundeti
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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BASICS OF CFD

FINITE VOLUME METHOD


LECTURE 1

ME317
Outline

• General Scalar Transport Equations


• Method of Discretization
• Types of Grids
• Finite volume discretization
• Diffusion Equation in 1D
• Diffusion in 2D
• Unsteady diffusion
Outline

The conservation equations for the physical processes


can be written in terms of

Mass, momentum and Energy conservation

The Conservation equations are usually written in


terms of specific quantities (per unit mass)
Example: Momentum per unit mass (Velocity)
Energy per unit mass (enthalpy)

The general form of conservation equation is:

Rate of accumulation of in control volume =


Net rate of influx of in control volume
– Net rate of efflux of control volume
+ Net rate of generation of inside control
volume
CFD Equations
• General Scalar Transport Equation

 is a specific quantity. Eg. Energy per unit mass

V : Velocity Vecor
Г: Diffusion Coefficient
p : Density
S : Source Term (Gener ation/loss per unit volume)
• Using Finite Volume Method, the solution domain is
subdivided into a finite number of small control
volumes by a grid
• The grid defines to boundaries of the control volumes
while the computational node lies at the center of the
control volume
• The advantage of FVM is that the integral conservation
is satisfied exactly over the control volume
Transport equation

General conservative form of all fluid flow


equation s for the variable 

Transport equation for the property


Finite volume -Basics

• Integration of transport equation over a CV

In finite volume method the integrals are performed over the control volumes
obtained after dividing the whole domain into cells.
Control Volumes, grids

Grids

• Structured grid
– all nodes have the same
number of elements around it
– only for simple domains
• Unstructured grid
– for all geometries
– irregular data structure
GRIDS/MESHES
GRIDS/MESHES
FVM terminology

Storage of variables:
1. Cell based Storage: φ is stored at centroid of the cell
2. Node base Storage: φ is stored at vertex
Thank you

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