A

SEMINAR REPORT
ON
New Features Of
Serverless Computing
Submitted By
Yogesh Yashvant Gavit

S.Y. M.C.A

Guided By
Dr. V. R. Dhawale

Academic Year: 2023 -2024

Department of MCA

K. K. Wagh Institute of Engineering Education & Research

Hirabai Haridas Vidyanagari, Amrutdham, Panchavati,

Nashik – 422 003

Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University

 K. K. WAGH INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING
EDUCATION AND RESEARCH, NASHIK

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that

Yogesh Yashvant Gavit

has successfully delivered

a seminar on

New Features of Serverless Computing

Towards the Partial Fulfilment of Master’s

Degree In Computer Application

of Savitribai Phule Pune University

During Academic Year 2023 – 2024

Autonomous Institute since 2022

Dr. V. R. Dhawale Dr. V. C. Bagal Dr. K. N. Nandurkar

Seminar Guide I/c Head, Dept. of Director
MCA KKWIEER
 Index

Sr Title Page
No. No.

1. Abstract 1

2. Introduction 2

3. Literature Survey 4

4. Serverless Computing 6

5. New Features of Serverless Computing 9

6. Conclusion 20

7. Acknowledgement 21

8. References 22
 Abstract

Serverless computing is revolutionizing cloud application development by abstracting

away server management tasks. This abstract offers a concise overview of the exciting
new features emerging in serverless computing, each platform offers additional
functionalities beyond the core. AWS Lambda provides versioning and aliasing for
function management, layers for code and library sharing, container image packaging
for execution environment control, and security features like IAM roles, VPC
networking, and KMS for encryption. Recent additions include provisioned
concurrency for faster cold starts, support for Amazon SQS FIFO queues for
guaranteed message processing order, deeper security analysis with AWS Audit
Manager integration, and improved observability with AWS X-Ray for distributed
tracing. Microsoft Azure Functions differentiate themselves with local debugging
capabilities for easier development, built-in CI/CD support for streamlined
workflows, HTTP triggers for handling web API requests, and durable functions for
stateful serverless applications. Their recent focus includes dynamic scaling with
granular control per function for cold start optimization, integration with Azure Event
Hubs for efficient real-time stream processing, and comprehensive cloud security
posture management with Azure Sentinel integration. Google Cloud Functions offer
HTTP triggers for web API requests, VPC network support for private resource
access, and Cloud KMS integration for function code and data encryption. Their latest
advancements aim to enhance developer experience and application performance.
Cloud Run offers containerized workload deployment, potentially reducing cold
starts. Event Arc simplifies event-driven architectures with fully managed routing
across Google Cloud services. Cloud Shell provides an in-browser development
environment. Improved Stack driver Trace capabilities enhance application
monitoring and troubleshooting.

Keyword: Serverless computing, AWS Lambda, Microsoft Azure Functions, Google

Cloud Functions, cloud platforms, cloud services, serverless features, cold starts.

1
 Introduction

The realm of cloud development is experiencing a seismic shift with the rise of
serverless computing. This revolutionary approach abstracts away server management
intricacies, allowing developers to focus on crafting the core functionalities of their
applications. As serverless continues its meteoric ascent, a wave of exciting new
features is reshaping the landscape. This introduction delves into the heart of these
advancements, exploring the cutting-edge technologies, revamped operational models,
and expanding horizons of serverless applications.

Firstly, we'll embark on a journey to unveil the technological breakthroughs

propelling serverless forward. We'll dissect advancements in fine-grained scaling,
where developers gain granular control over resource allocation, leading to optimal
cost efficiency and performance. The diversification of event sources will be another
key area of exploration. Gone are the days of solely relying on HTTP requests as
triggers. Serverless is embracing a broader spectrum, encompassing data streams,
cloud storage modifications, and interactions with the ever-growing world of IoT
devices. This paves the way for the development of highly responsive and reactive
applications that seamlessly weave into the fabric of a dynamic environment.

Next, we'll delve into the containerization enhancements that are streamlining
serverless execution. Optimizations in container image size and the reduction of cold
start times are leading to a significant performance boost, particularly for short-lived
functions. This translates to faster application startup and improved responsiveness.
The integration of serverless with the burgeoning fields of AI and ML will also be
under the spotlight. Cloud providers are forging alliances between serverless and
AI/ML services, allowing developers to leverage pre-trained models or build custom
AI functionalities within serverless functions. This unlocks a plethora of possibilities,
enabling powerful applications without the burden of managing dedicated AI
infrastructure.

Shifting gears, we'll explore the operational paradigm shift that serverless brings
forth. Developers are being liberated from the shackles of infrastructure management,
allowing them to channel their expertise into crafting high-quality code and
meticulously designing the business logic that breathes life into their applications.
Server provisioning, scaling, and maintenance become the sole responsibility of the
cloud provider, streamlining development cycles and fostering an environment
conducive to innovation. The event-driven architecture, a cornerstone of serverless,
will be another point of focus. We'll delve into how this reactive approach simplifies
development and ensures applications respond promptly to changes in the
environment, keeping them in sync with the ever-evolving digital landscape. Finally,
we'll shed light on the pay-per-use billing model that serverless champions. This cost-
effective approach ensures developers are charged only for the code execution time

2
and resources consumed. This eliminates the need for upfront server provisioning
costs and fosters optimal resource utilization, a winning proposition in today's
resource-conscious world.

The latter part of this introduction will unveil the vast and ever-expanding realm of
serverless applications. We'll showcase how serverless is ideally suited for building
microservices, fostering independent development, deployment, and scaling of
individual functionalities within a larger application. The ability to build real-time
applications that react instantaneously to events will be another area of exploration.
This makes serverless a perfect fit for applications that thrive in a dynamic and fast-
paced environment. Data processing pipelines will also be brought to the forefront,
highlighting how serverless functions can be triggered by changes in data streams,
enabling efficient and highly scalable data processing workflows. We'll conclude by
examining how serverless excels at building APIs that can be effortlessly integrated
into other applications. The pay-per-use model makes it particularly cost-effective for
APIs with fluctuating traffic patterns, ensuring resources are utilized optimally.

By embarking on this introductory journey, we'll gain a comprehensive understanding

of the exciting new features that are propelling serverless computing forward. We'll
delve into the technological advancements, explore the operational paradigm shift,
and unveil the expanding horizons of serverless applications. This newfound
knowledge will equip us to leverage serverless to its full potential, paving the way for
the development of innovative, scalable, and cost-effective cloud applications.

3
 Literature Survey
1. Technological Advancements

• Fine-grained scaling: We will examine research exploring advancements

in fine-grained scaling mechanisms within serverless platforms. This
includes studies on scaling based on memory usage, CPU utilization, or
specific code functions, allowing for optimal resource allocation and cost
efficiency.
• Event source diversification: We will survey recent publications
exploring the expansion of event sources beyond traditional HTTP
requests. Papers analyzing how serverless platforms are integrating data
streams, cloud storage modifications, and interactions with IoT devices
will be a focal point.
• Containerization enhancements: This section will explore research on
containerization advancements that are streamlining serverless execution.
Studies on container image optimization techniques and cold start
reduction strategies will be reviewed, highlighting their impact on
performance and application responsiveness.
• Integration with AI/ML: This section will delve into recent literature on
the integration of serverless with artificial intelligence and machine
learning (AI/ML) services. We will explore research on leveraging pre-
trained models or building custom AI functionalities within serverless
functions, enabling powerful applications without dedicated AI
infrastructure.

2. Operational Paradigm Shift:

• Focus on code, not infrastructure: We will survey literature that

explores how serverless is changing the development landscape. Papers
analyzing how developers can shift their focus to crafting high-quality
code and business logic, leaving server provisioning and maintenance to
the cloud provider, will be reviewed.
• Event-driven architecture: This section will explore research on the
event-driven architecture that underpins serverless applications. We will
examine studies that analyze how this approach simplifies development
and ensures applications react promptly to changes in the environment.
• Pay-per-use billing: This section will delve into recent literature on the
pay-per-use billing model that serverless offers. We will review research
analyzing how this approach eliminates upfront server provisioning costs,
fosters optimal resource utilization, and leads to cost-effective
development.

4
3. Expanding Use Cases:

• Microservices development: We will survey research exploring the

suitability of serverless for building microservices. Papers analyzing how
serverless facilitates independent development, deployment, and scaling of
individual functionalities within larger applications will be reviewed.
• Real-time applications: This section will explore research on how
serverless excels at building real-time applications. Studies analyzing how
serverless event-driven nature and automatic scaling capabilities enable
applications to respond instantaneously to events will be a focus.
• Data processing pipelines: We will examine research on how serverless
functions can be triggered by changes in data streams, enabling efficient
and scalable data processing workflows. Papers analyzing the integration
of serverless with data processing frameworks will be reviewed.
• API development: This section will explore research on the advantages of
serverless for building APIs. We will review studies analyzing how
serverless pay-per-use model makes it cost-effective for APIs with
fluctuating traffic patterns.

4. Benefits and Limitations:

The survey will also analyse the trade-offs associated with serverless
computing. We will explore the well-documented benefits like faster
development cycles, improved scalability, and cost-efficiency. Additionally,
we will examine the limitations of serverless, including vendor lock-in,
debugging challenges, and cold start times. By understanding both advantages
and disadvantages, developers can make informed decisions about
incorporating serverless into their projects.

5. Conclusion:

This literature survey will culminate in a comprehensive overview of the latest

advancements in serverless computing. By exploring the technological
innovations, operational paradigm shifts, expanding use cases, and the balance
between benefits and limitations, this survey will equip developers and
researchers with the knowledge to leverage serverless effectively and build
robust, scalable, and cost-effective cloud applications.

5
 Serverless Computing

What is serverless?
Serverless computing is a method of providing backend services on an as-used basis.
A serverless provider allows users to write and deploy code without the hassle of
worrying about the underlying infrastructure. A company that gets backend services
from a serverless vendor is charged based on their computation and do not have to
reserve and pay for a fixed amount of bandwidth or number of servers, as the service
is auto-scaling. Note that despite the name serverless, physical servers are still used
but developers do not need to be aware of them.

In the early days of the web, anyone who wanted to build a web application had to
own the physical hardware required to run a server, which is a cumbersome and
expensive undertaking.

Then came cloud computing, where fixed numbers of servers or amounts of server
space could be rented remotely. Developers and companies who rent these fixed units
of server space generally over-purchase to ensure that a spike in traffic or activity will
not exceed their monthly limits and break their applications. This means that much of
the server space that gets paid for can go to waste. Cloud vendors have introduced
auto-scaling models to address the issue, but even with auto-scaling an unwanted
spike in activity, such as a DDoS Attack, could end up being very expensive.

Cost benefits of serverless computing

6
Serverless computing allows developers to purchase backend services on a flexible
‘pay-as-you-go’ basis, meaning that developers only have to pay for the services they
use. This is like switching from a cell phone data plan with a monthly fixed limit, to
one that only charges for each byte of data that actually gets used.

The term ‘serverless’ is somewhat misleading, as there are still servers providing
these backend services, but all of the server space and infrastructure concerns are
handled by the vendor. Serverless means that the developers can do their work
without having to worry servers to at all.

What are the advantages of serverless computing?

Lower costs - Serverless computing is generally very cost-effective, as traditional
cloud providers of backend services (server allocation) often result in the user paying
for unused space or idle CPU time.

Simplified scalability - Developers using serverless architecture don’t have to worry

about policies to scale up their code. The serverless vendor handles all of the scaling
on demand.

Simplified backend code - With FaaS, developers can create simple functions that
independently perform a single purpose, like making an API call.

Quicker turnaround - Serverless architecture can significantly cut time to market.

Instead of needing a complicated deploy process to roll out bug fixes and new
features, developers can add and modify code on a piecemeal basis.

How does serverless compare to other cloud backend models?

A couple of technologies that are often conflated with serverless computing are
Backend-as-a-Service and Platform-as-a-Service. Although they share similarities,
these models do not necessarily meet the requirements of serverless.

Backend-as-a-service (BaaS) is a service model where a cloud provider offers

backend services such as data storage, so that developers can focus on writing front-
end code. But while serverless applications are event-driven and run on the edge,
BaaS applications may not meet either of these requirements.

Platform-as-a-service (PaaS) is a model where developers essentially rent all the

necessary tools to develop and deploy applications from a cloud provider, including
things like operating systems and middleware. How ever PaaS applications are not as
easily scalable as serverless applications. PaaS also don’t necessarily run on the edge
and often have a noticeable startup delay that isn’t present in serverless applications.

7
Infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS) is a catchall term for cloud vendors hosting
infrastructure on behalf of their customers. IaaS providers may offer serverless
functionality, but the terms are not synonymous.

What is next for serverless?

Serverless computing continues to evolve as serverless providers come up with
solutions to overcome some of its drawbacks. One of these drawbacks is cold starts.

Typically when a particular serverless function has not been called in a while, the
provider shuts down the function to save energy and avoid over-provisioning. The
next time a user runs an application that calls that function, the serverless provider
will have to spin it up fresh and start hosting that function again. This startup time
adds significant latency, which is known as a ‘cold start’.

Once the function is up and running it will be served much more rapidly on
subsequent requests (warm starts), but if the function is not requested again for a
while, the function will once again go dormant. This means the next user to request
that function will experience a cold start. Up until fairly recently, cold starts were
considered a necessary trade-off of using serverless functions.

Cloudflare Workers has addressed this problem by spinning up serverless functions in

advance, during the TLS handshake. Since Workers functions spin up at the edge in a
very short amount of time, even shorter than the time required to complete the
handshake, the result is an FaaS platform with zero cold starts.

As more and more of the drawbacks of using serverless get addressed and the
popularity of edge computing grows, we can expect to see serverless architecture
becoming more widespread.

8
 New features of serverless computing

1. AWS Lambda

Fig 1. shows how lambda function is invoked

• Core Features:

1. Event-driven execution model triggered by various AWS services.

• Lambda integrates with many AWS services like S3, SNS,

DynamoDB, and Event Bridge. These services can trigger Lambda
functions when specific events occur.

2. Pay-per-use billing based on compute time used.

• You only pay for the time your code runs (in milliseconds), making
it cost-effective for short-lived tasks.

3. Supports multiple programming languages and frameworks (Node.js,

Python, Java, Go, Ruby, etc.).

9
 • Lambda supports popular languages like Node.js, Python, Java,
Go, and Ruby, allowing you to choose the language that best suits
your needs.

4. Automatic scaling for high availability and responsiveness.

• Lambda automatically scales your code to handle any volume of

requests, ensuring high availability and responsiveness.

5. Integrations with other AWS services for building complex workflows.

• Lambda integrates seamlessly with other AWS services, allowing

you to build complex event-driven workflows with minimal effort.

• Advanced Features:

1. Versioning and aliasing for managing function versions.

• Lambda allows you to create multiple versions of your function

and use aliases to point to specific versions. This lets you test and
deploy new versions without affecting existing workflows.

2. Layers for sharing code and libraries across functions.

• Layers are a way to share common code and libraries across

multiple Lambda functions. This reduces code duplication and
simplifies development.

3. Container image packaging for more control over the execution

environment.

• Lambda now supports deploying functions as container images.

This gives you more control over the execution environment,
allowing you to include specific libraries and dependencies.

4. Security features like IAM roles, VPC networking, and KMS for
encryption.

• Lambda offers robust security features. IAM roles define what

resources your Lambda function can access. VPC networking
allows you to isolate your function within a virtual network for

10
 added security. KMS (Key Management Service) provides secure
encryption for your function's data.

5. CloudWatch integration for monitoring function execution, logs, and

errors.

• Lambda integrates seamlessly with CloudWatch. CloudWatch

provides detailed metrics on your function's execution, logs, and
errors, allowing you to monitor performance and troubleshoot
issues.

• New Features:

1. Provisioned concurrency for pre-warming functions and faster cold starts.

• Traditional serverless functions experience a "cold start" when invoked

for the first time, resulting in a slight delay as the execution
environment spins up.
• Provisioned concurrency allows you to keep a set number of Lambda
functions running even during idle periods. These pre-warmed
functions can then respond to incoming requests with minimal latency,
significantly improving cold start times.

2. Support for Amazon SQS FIFO queues for guaranteed message processing
order.

• Standard message queues often process messages out of order, which

might not be ideal for scenarios requiring strict sequential processing.
• FIFO (First-In-First-Out) queues ensure messages are delivered and
processed in the exact order they were received. This is crucial for
applications like financial transactions or e-commerce order
processing, where maintaining order is critical.

3. AWS Audit Manager integration for identifying security issues in serverless

applications.

• Security is a major concern for cloud-based applications.

• AWS Audit Manager is a service that helps automate security audits
and identify potential security risks within your AWS infrastructure.
This new integration allows you to leverage Audit Manager

11
 specifically for vulnerabilities in your serverless functions deployed on
AWS Lambda.

4. Improved observability with AWS X-Ray for distributed tracing of serverless

requests.

• Debugging and troubleshooting complex serverless applications can be

challenging due to their distributed nature.
• AWS X-Ray provides a distributed tracing service that allows you to
visualize and analyze the flow of requests across your entire serverless
application infrastructure. This improved version of X-Ray likely
offers more detailed tracing capabilities for serverless functions,
making it easier to identify bottlenecks and pinpoint issues within your
serverless applications.

2. Microsoft Azure Functions

Fig. 2 Shows serverless architecture of Microsoft Azure Functions

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• Core Features:

1. Similar event-driven model triggered by Azure events or external sources.

• Azure Functions uses an event-driven model. It can be triggered by

various Azure services like Blob storage, Cosmos DB, or Event
Grid, as well as external sources like HTTP requests or webhooks.

2. Pay-per-execution billing based on resource consumption.

• You only pay for the time and resources your function uses when it
executes. This makes it cost-effective for event-driven tasks.

3. Supports various programming languages (.NET, Node.js, Python, Java,

etc.).

• Azure Functions supports a wide range of programming languages,

including popular choices like .NET, Node.js, Python, and Java.
This allows you to develop functions using the language you're
most comfortable with.

4. Automatic scaling based on traffic.

• Azure Functions automatically scales your functions up or down

based on incoming traffic. This ensures your applications can
handle spikes in demand without performance degradation.

5. Integrates with various Azure services for building cloud applications.

• Azure Functions integrates seamlessly with other Azure services,

allowing you to build complex cloud applications with triggers,
bindings, and workflows. This simplifies development and
streamlines communication between different parts of your
application.

• Advanced Features:

1. Local debugging for easier development and testing.

• You can develop and debug your Azure Functions locally using
your favorite development tools like Visual Studio, Visual Studio
Code, or the Azure Functions CLI. This allows you to test your
code thoroughly before deploying it to the cloud.

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 2. Continuous integration and deployment (CI/CD) for streamlining
workflows.

• Azure Functions integrates with popular CI/CD tools like Azure

DevOps, GitHub Actions, and Jenkins. This allows you to
automate the build, testing, and deployment of your functions,
streamlining your development workflow.

3. HTTP triggers for handling web API requests.

• Azure Functions supports HTTP triggers, which allow your

functions to be invoked by HTTP requests. This makes it easy to
build serverless APIs using Azure Functions.

4. Durable functions for stateful serverless applications.

• Unlike traditional serverless functions that are stateless, Durable

Functions allow you to manage state across function executions.
This is useful for building applications that require state
management, such as workflows or chatbots.

5. Azure Monitor integration for monitoring function performance and logs.

• Azure Functions integrates with Azure Monitor, which provides

comprehensive monitoring capabilities. You can monitor your
function's performance, logs, and errors to identify issues and
optimize your application.

• New Features:

1. Dynamic scaling with per-function cold start settings for granular control.

• Traditional serverless scaling often applies to all functions within a

project.
• This new feature allows you to set individual cold start settings for
each function in your Azure Functions project.
• This granular control is beneficial for functions with varying
invocation frequencies. Frequently used functions can be pre-warmed
for faster response times, while infrequently invoked functions can
have lower pre-warmed instances to optimize costs

14
2. Integration with Azure Event Hubs for efficient real-time stream processing.

• Azure Event Hubs is a service designed for ingesting and processing

high volumes of real-time data streams.
• This integration enables Azure Functions to directly consume data
streams from Event Hubs, triggering functions based on incoming data.
• This is particularly useful for building applications that react to real-
time events, such as fraud detection, stock price updates, or social
media analytics.

3. Azure Sentinel integration for comprehensive cloud security posture

management.

• Azure Sentinel is a SIEM (Security Information and Event

Management) service that provides advanced security threat detection
and incident response capabilities.
• This integration allows Azure Sentinel to monitor and analyze security
data related to your Azure Functions deployments.
• By leveraging Sentinel's threat intelligence and machine learning, you
can gain deeper insights into potential security risks within your
serverless applications and proactively address them.

15
2. Google Cloud Functions

Fig. 3 shows how you can run a serverless application that accesses an internal
server when a particular event occurs in Cloud Storage.

• Core Features:

1. Event-driven execution triggered by Google Cloud events.

• Cloud Functions utilize an event-driven model. Events from

various Google Cloud services like Cloud Storage, Pub/Sub, or
Cloud Scheduler can trigger functions. Additionally, Eventarc
allows functions to be triggered by a wider range of events within
GCP.

2. Pay-per-invocation billing based on function execution time.

• You only pay for the time your code runs (in 100ms increments),
making it cost-effective for short-lived tasks triggered by events.

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 3. Supports multiple programming languages (Node.js, Python, Go, Ruby,
etc.).

• Cloud Functions supports popular languages like Node.js, Python,

Go, Ruby, and more. You can choose the language that best suits
your project's needs and your development expertise.

4. Automatic scaling based on incoming requests.

• Cloud Functions automatically scales your functions to handle

spikes in traffic. This ensures your applications remain responsive
even under high load.

5. Integrates with various Google Cloud services for building applications.

• Cloud Functions integrate seamlessly with other Google Cloud

services. This allows you to build complex event-driven workflows
and applications leveraging various functionalities offered by GCP.

• Advanced Features:

1. HTTP triggers for handling web API requests.

• Similar to Azure Functions and Lambda, Cloud Functions support

HTTP triggers. This allows you to create serverless APIs using
your functions to handle web requests and responses.

2. VPC network support for private access to resources.

• Cloud Functions can be deployed within a Virtual Private Cloud

(VPC) network. This provides secure access to other private
resources within your GCP environment, improving security and
isolation for your functions.

3. Cloud KMS integration for encryption of function code and data.

• Cloud Functions integrate with Cloud Key Management Service

(KMS). KMS allows you to encrypt your function code and data at
rest and in transit, adding an extra layer of security for sensitive
information.

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 4. Stack driver integration for monitoring function performance and logs.

• Cloud Functions integrates with Stackdriver (now called Google

Cloud Monitoring). Stackdriver provides comprehensive
monitoring capabilities. You can monitor function execution time,
resource usage, logs, and errors to identify issues, diagnose
problems, and optimize your application's performance.

• New Features:

1. Cloud Run for deploying containerized workloads potentially reducing cold

starts.

• Focuses on deploying containerized applications in a serverless

environment.
• Containers can potentially start faster than traditional serverless
functions, reducing cold starts (the initial latency experienced when a
function is invoked for the first time).
• This can be beneficial for applications that are invoked infrequently
but need to respond quickly.

2. Event Arc for fully managed event routing across Google Cloud services.

• Simplifies event-driven architectures by offering a fully managed

service for routing events across various GCP services.
• Eliminates the need to manually manage event routing logic within
your code.
• This can improve scalability, reliability, and maintainability of your
serverless applications.

3. Cloud Shell for in-browser serverless development environment.

• Provides a convenient way to develop and test serverless functions

directly from your web browser.
• No need to set up a local development environment, making it easier to
get started with serverless development.
• Improves developer productivity and collaboration.

4. Cloud KMS integration for granular key management of serverless functions.

• Allows for fine-grained control over the encryption keys used by your
serverless functions.

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 • Enhances data security by ensuring only authorized services can access
sensitive data within your functions.
• This is crucial for applications that handle confidential information.

5. Improved Stack driver Trace for comprehensive application monitoring.

• Offers more advanced capabilities for distributed tracing of serverless

applications.
• Helps you troubleshoot issues and understand how your serverless
functions interact with other services.
• Provides deeper insights into the performance and health of your
applications.

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 Conclusion

The serverless computing landscape is constantly evolving, with each major cloud
provider offering a robust suite of features and functionalities. This overview has
compared the core functionalities, advanced features, and recent advancements of
AWS Lambda, Microsoft Azure Functions, and Google Cloud Functions. While all
three platforms offer the core benefits of serverless computing, they each cater to
specific needs and development preferences. Consider the latest advancements offered
by each platform. AWS Lambda's focus on pre-warming functions and message
ordering might be valuable for specific use cases. Azure's real-time stream processing
integration and comprehensive security management could be attractive for others.
Google Cloud Functions' emphasis on developer experience with Cloud Shell and in-
browser development, along with improved monitoring capabilities, might be
appealing factors.

Serverless computing is a rapidly evolving field, with continuous innovation and

feature additions from major cloud providers. As the technology matures, we can
expect even more advancements in areas like cold start optimization, security
enhancements, improved developer tooling, and broader integration with other cloud
services. This will further enhance the benefits of serverless computing, making it an
even more attractive option for building scalable, cost-effective, and agile
applications.

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 Acknowledgement

I would like to express my sincere gratitude to our Seminar Guide, Prof. Dr. V. R.
Dhawale sir from the Department of Masters of Computer Application, for his
invaluable support and guidance throughout the duration of this seminar report. His
expertise, encouragement, and unwavering dedication have been instrumental in the
improvement of this report.

Prof. Dr. V. R. Dhawale sir has been an inspiring mentor, always available to provide
insightful advice and direction. He has demonstrated exceptional patience and
understanding, guiding us through the complexities of our research problem and
emphasizing the importance of perseverance in achieving our goals. His mentorship
has not only enriched my understanding of the subject matter but has also instilled in
us the confidence to tackle challenges and pursue innovative ideas.

We are profoundly grateful for Prof. Dr. V. R. Dhawale sir unwavering support,
encouragement, and guidance throughout this seminar report. His mentorship has
been invaluable, and we sincerely appreciate his contributions to our academic
journey. Thank you, Prof. Dr. V. R. Dhawale sir, for your unwavering dedication and
commitment to our success. We are truly indebted to you for your invaluable
support and guidance.

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 References

Books:
1. "Serverless Architectures on AWS: With examples using AWS Lambda" by
Peter Sbarski and Sam Kroonenburg.
2. "Serverless Computing: Design, Develop, and Deploy with Confidence" by
Abhishek Gupta.
3. "Serverless Single Page Apps: Fast, Scalable, and Available" by Ben Rady.
4. "AWS Lambda in Action: Event-driven serverless applications" by Danilo
Poccia.
5. Learning Azure Functions: Build scalable cloud systems with serverless
architecture By Manisha Yadav, Mitesh Soni.
6. Hands-On Serverless Computing with Google Cloud: Build, deploy, and
Cloud native technologies By Richard Rose.

Websites:

https://www.cloudflare.com/learning/serverless/what-is-serverless/
https://www.cloudflare.com/learning/serverless/what-is-serverless/
https://aimconsulting.com/insights/serverless-computing-examples-pros-cons-
kubernetes-trends/
https://datadoghq.com/knowledge-center/serverless-architecture/
https://aws.amazon.com/lambda/
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-functions/functions-
overview?pivots=programming-language-csharp
https://cloud.google.com/functions

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