INTELLECTUAL REVOLUTION
It is the period where paradigm shifts occurred.
It is where the scientific beliefs that have been widely embraced and
accepted by the people where challenged and opposed.
WHAT DEFINES ASIA
Asia, the world’s largest and most diverse continent. It occupies the
eastern four-fifths of the giant Eurasian landmass. Asia is more a
geographic term than a homogeneous continent, and the use of the
term to describe such a vast area always carries the potential of
obscuring the enormous diversity among the regions it
encompasses.
Asia is very large continent, this is not only where most of the
religion is stemmed like Hinduism, Christianity, Islam, Taoism and
many more but also a cradle of science and technology filled with
rich culture and science practices.
XIA DYNASTY
The Xia dynasty is known to be the first traditional Chinese
industry. This dynasty was established by the legendary Yu the
Great, after Shun, the last of the five Emperors, gave the throne
to him.
WHAT DID THEY DO?
They supported the different astronomical researches to
create a more accurate calendars.
Most of the agricultural tools used during the Xia Dynasty
were made of bone or stone.
Jade wear was made and Bronze smelting was also
possible
FACTS
They measured the length of the solar year,
and come up with 365.25 days
Predicted eclipses
Recorded supernovas and sunspots
Determined the 26,000 year cycle of precision of
equinoxes.
CONFUCIUS
Kong Fuzi, he is one of the most known Chinese philosopher emphasize his
philosophies, in the importance of the traditions, respect to elders and patriarchs, he
focuses on orderly human world.
BREAKING CULTURAL BOUNDARIES
The teachings of Confucius brought about something of a cultural revolution in the world,
and numerous cultures adopted his philosophy. His simple yet virtuous way of living
fascinated millions of people and introduced them to a new way of thinking, His ideas on
humanism touched the lives of many people and broke cultural boundaries.
IMPACT ON EDUCATION
Confucius was a learner and a mentor. He contributed to China’s educational system not
only through his teachings and ethics but also by promoting education for poor and
underprivileged.
Instituted an imperial universities and states exams.
A RELIGIOUS AND SECULAR FIGURE
Confucius’s philosophies are considered to be religious but, in a way, he also supported
secularism. The nature of his teachings shows that he believed in the nobility of nature
over religion. He discusses teaching that can be found in various other religions, but the
things he advocated most through his teachings were humanism and ethics
ASIAN CIVILIZATION
Asian intellectual revolution has made a margin on the large contribution of
the ancient Asian civilization. The large continent has contributed a lot in the
field of science, technology, engineering, culture, arts and religion.
CHINA
The ancient Chinese civilization and the state supported the arts and sciences,
this allowed them to have rich accounts of science and arts, they made the
clock, mechanical models of heavenly bodies, giant machine replicated the
heavenly bodies.
In 9th century, they invented the gunpowder, but later harnessed it to
potentials.
AGRICULTURE
In the 8th century the Chinese civilization started the rice civilization and in
1012 the Song state introduce the new early ripening and winter ripening
of rice, an agricultural technique acquired from the Champa kingdom.
Now known as Vietnam. Which allowed the rice to be procedure faster
with less water.
CHINESE INVENTIONS
Rice field plow Porcelain
Wheelbarrow Fishing Reel
Silk production Suspension Bridges
ARCHITECTURE
The flagship of ancient China was its insfrastructure in 117 BCE, they have been
working in iron products, but during the Song Dynasty, 1078 they produced
125,000 tons of iron.
They were able do it by knowing the science and chemical properties of the
iron and coal.
In addition, the metallurgy was used in the hydraulic engineering in running
the entire China.
ARCHITECTURE
The most known infrastructure of China is the ‘Great wall’, but the
most economical, social, and technical infrastructure of the empire
of the empire was the ‘Grand canal’, completed in 1327 that
stretched throughout China, allowing the production and trading
faster.
ARCHITECTURE
The grand canal also represented the powerful Chinese state’s
ability to ingineer vast regions they connected smaller waterways
to main rivers, opening up where goods and people could travel.
MEDICINE
During this time, the traditional Chinese medicine also
flourished. The oriental medicinal practices were influenced by
elements of fire, water, metal, earth, wood, and yin-yang
balance
INDIA
Another Asian countries that showed rich culture is India, they have a very
complicated metaphysical understanding on the inseparable knowledge and
religious traditions, and focused on application.
INDIA
India has a very high regard ‘Veda’ knowledge, they were concerned on
math and astronomy, but mostly concerned rituals.
ARYABHATA
Aryabhata discovered an approximation of pi, 62832/20000 = 3.1416.
He also correctly believed that the planets and the Moon shine by
reflected sunlight and that the motion of the starts is due to Earth’s
rotation.
HEALTH
During Gupta Dynasty in India, they studied the science of life,
Aryuveda, which included also the five elemental theory of matter in the
ancient China.
The Aryuveda, the science of life, largely concerns healthful live in
general, including how to prevent disease and influence hygiene and
diet.
EDUCATION
One of the most regarded records is the Charaka Samhita, or one of
the other Samhita, or one the Samhita, or collections that could help
you memorize hundreds of named body parts.
RAPID CHANGE
The 19th and the 20th century in Asia are known as a time of rapid
change. Whereas changes was a daily and concrete experience in
globalizing environment, it was also the object of psychological
fear and ideological desire.
WHAT HAPPENED DURING THIS
PERIOD ?
During that period, Asian countries and their intellectual and political
elites confronted the technical and military superiority of the western
powers, as well as local inner tensions and crises, by elaborating
patterns of selective imitation, reconsidering their traditional knowledge,
and recreating their own cultural background.
In order to conceptualize these strategies, Asian intellectuals and
political activists faced the theoretical problem of naming the change in
which they were living or to which they aspired.
In those years, a new vocabulary emerged, constituting a multifaceted
discourse on change. Drawing on western traditions, the new
vocabulary consisted of words such as enlightment, renaissance,
evolution, relution and renewal.
MAHATMA GHANDI
He’s been called the ‘father of India’ and a ‘great soul in beggar’s grab.’
His nonviolent approach to political change helped India gain
independence after nearly a century of British colonial rule.
Born Mohandas Gandhi in Gujarat, India in 1896, he was a part of an elite
family. After a period of teenage rebellion, he left India to study law in
London.
Gandhi brought Satyagraha to India in 1915, and was soon elected to the
Indian National Congress political party. He began to push for
independence from the United Kingdom, and organized resistance to a
1919 law that gave British authorities carte blanche to imprison suspected
revolutionaries without trial. Britain responded brutally to the resistence,
mowing down 400 unarmed protesters in the Amristar Massacre.
THE SALT MARCH
Now Gandhi pushed even harder for home rule, encouraging
boycotts of British goods and organizing mass prtotest. In 1930, he
began a massive satyagraha camapaign against a British law that
forced Indians to purchase British salt instead of producing it
locally.
Gandhi organized of a 24-mile-long protest march to the west
coast of Gujarat, where he and his acolytes harvested salt on the
shores of the Arabian Sea. In response, Britain imprisoned over
60,000 peaceful protesters and inadvertently generated even more
support for home rule.
JAPAN
Probably the most notable country in Asia in terms of its technological
and scientific achievement is Japan, which is particularly known for its
electronics and automobile products
JAPAN
Japan is focused and prominent in the vehicle technology, consumer
electronics, rubotics, medical devices, space exploration and the film
industry.
Japan’s focus on intensive mathematics education and the reverence
for engineers’s in Japanese culture aids engineering talent
development, which has produced advances in automotive engines,
television display technology, videogame, optical clock, and many
other fields.
