1.

) The refrigerant volume flow rate at entrance refrigerant leaves the condenser as saturated
at the entrance of compressor were obtained liquid at 40 0C (h4 = 390.6 kJ/kg). Heat rejected
from a test on a twin cylinder, single acting 15 from the condenser amount to 50 kW. The work
cm x 20 cm, 320 rpm compressor ammonia to compressor is 208 kJ/kg, while the heat loss
refrigerating plant to be 33 L/s. Determine the from compressor is 33 kJ/kg. If 9.5 kJ/kg of heat
volumetric efficiency of the compressor. are lost in the piping between the compressor
A. 77.65 % discharge and condenser inlet, determine the
B. 87.6 % refrigerating capacity of the system.
C. 97.6 TR A. 49.5 TR
D. 65.65 % B. 46.61 TR
Answer: B C. 12.88 TR
2.) A twin cylinder ammonia compressor with D. 13.24 TR
volume displacement of 14,726 cm3 operates at Answer: A
300 rpm. Condenser and evaporator pressure 6.) A 35.0 mL sample of gas is enclosed in a flask
are 1200 kPa and 227 kPa respectively. Specific at 22 degrees Celsius. If the flask was placed in
volume of refrigerant at the entrance of an ice bath at 0 degrees Celsius, what would the
compressor is 528.26 L/kg. Compression new gas volume be if the pressure is held
process is polytropic with n = 1.2 and clearance constant?
factor of compressor is 2 percent. Determine A. 34.1 ml
horsepower required. B. 31.1 ml
A. 60 hp C. 32.39 ml
B. 70 hp D. 33.1 ml
C. 80 hp Answer: C
D. 90 hp 7.) A car engine with a power output of 65 hp
Answer: C has a thermal efficiency of 24%. Determine the
3 Three thousand cubic feet per minute of air fuel consumption rate of this car if the fuel has
are circulated over an air-cooled condenser. If heating value of 19,000 Btu/lbm.
the load on the condenser is 64,800 Btu/hr, A. 36.28 lb/hr
compute the temperature rise of the air passing B. 37.28 lb/hr
over the condenser. Specific volume of standard C. 37.28 lb/hr
air (13.34 ft3/lb). D. 35.30 lb/hr
A. 10 0F Answer: A
B. 15 0F 8.)The thermal efficiency of a carnot cycle
C. 20 0F operating between 170 0C and 620 0C to:
D. 25 0F A. 44%
Answer: C B. 50%
4.) A reversed Carnot cycle has a refrigerating C. 63%
COP of 2.5. Determine the ratio TH/TL? D. 73%
A. 1.4 Answer: B
B. 1.5 9.) Compute the humidity ratio of air at 70%
C. 1.25 relative humidity and 25 0C when the
D. 1.2 barometric pressure is 101.325 kPa. From
5.) Answer: A steam tables: Psat 34 0C = 3.169 kPa.
Saturated vapor ammonia at -16 0C (h7 = A. 0.014 kg water vapor/kg dry air
1442.60 kJ/kg) leaves the evaporator and enters B. 0.14 kg water vapor/kg dry air
the compressor at -6 0C (h1 = 1465 kJ/kg). The C. 1.4 kg water vapor/kg dry air
 D. 0.0014 kg water vapor/kg dry air Answer: B
Answer: A 15.) The condenser of reheat power plant
10.) A pressure gage registers 50 psig in a region rejects heat at the rate of 500 kW. The mass
where the barometer reads 14.8 psia. Find the flow rate of cooling water is 5 kg/s and the inlet
absolute pressure in kPa. cooling water temperature is 35 0C. Calculate
A. 666.66 kPa the condenser cooling water exit temperature.
B. 556.66 kPa A. 43.35 0C
C. 446.66 kPa B. 53.45 0C
D. 336.66 kPa C. 63.66 0C
Answer: C D. 74.34 0C
11.) Consider 1 kg of air at 32 0C that expanded Answer: C
by a reversible polytropic process with n = 1.25 16.) One kilogram of air is compressed
until the pressure is halved: Determine the heat adiabatically and in a steady-flow manner. The
transfer. Specific heat at constant volume for air compression efficiency is 80% and the work
is 0.1786 kJ/kg.K. done on the air is 265kJ/kg. Compute the heat.
A. 17.02 kJ heat rejected A. 212 kJ/kg
B. 17.02 kJ added B. 100 kJ/kg
C. 7.05 kJ heat rejected C. 0 kJ/kg
D. 7.05 kJ added D. 331.25 kJ/kg
Answer: B Answer: C
12.) Fifty kilograms of cooling water per second 17.) Three-hundred kilojoules of heat flow by
enter the condenser at 25 0C and leaves at 50 conduction from the outside to the inside of a
0
C. Find the heat carried away by water. cold storage in one hour. If the temperature
A. 1234.45 kW and all other conditions are the same, what is
B. 5233.75kW the heat flowing through the cold storage room
C. 2340.52 kW in two hours?
D. 3140.25 kW A. 600 kJ
Answer: B B. 900kJ
13.) Ten kilograms per second of steam enter C. 300kJ
the turbine with an enthalpy of 3200 kJ/kg and D. 1,200 kJ
enter the condenser with an enthalpy of 2500 Answer: A
kJ/kg in Rankine cycle. If the turbine efficiency is 18.) Determine the specific weight of air at 760
80% and the generator efficiency is 90%, mmHg absolute and 22 0C?
determine the power plant output. A. 3.517 kW
A. 4320 kW B. 12,000 kW
B. 3213 kW C. 211 kJ/min
C. 4056 kW D. All of the above
D. 5040 kW Answer: D
Answer: D 19.) Find the work process for a Helium gas at
14.) Determine the quality of steam in a vessel 20 0C
containing 2 kg of saturated vapor and 8 kg of A. 609 kJ/kg
saturated liquid. B. 168 kJ/kg
A. 100% C. 229 kJ/kg
B. 20% D. 339 kJ/kg
C. 80% Answer: A
D. 60%
20.) Two kilogram of gas is confined in a 1m3 C. 110.71 kg/hr
tank at 200 kPa and 88 0C. What type of gas is in D. 112.71 kg/hr
the tank? Answer: C
A. Helium 26.) Compute the maximum length of the
B. Ethane discharge pipe installed on the outlet of a
C. Methane pressure-relief device in feet for internal pipe
D. Ethane diameter of 0.5 in and rated discharge
Answer: B capacityis 8 lb/min of air. The rated pressure of
21.) Find the enthalpy of Helium if its internal relief valve is 16 psig.
energy is 200kJ/kg A. 0.286 ft
A. 144 kJ/kg B. 0.386 ft
B. 223.42 kJ/kg C. 0.486 ft
C. 333.42 kJ/kg D. 0.586 ft
D. 168 kJ/kg Answer: A
Answer: C 27.) A thermal power plant has a heat rate of
22.) Compute the mass of a 2 m3 propane at 11, 363 Btu/kW-hr, Find the thermal efficiency
280 kpa and 40 0C. of the plant.
A. 6.47 kg A. 28%
B. 5.1 kg B. 30%
C. 10.20 kg C. 34%
D. 9.47 kg D. 40%
Answer: D Answer: B
23.) Compute the air flow in ft3/min of 28.) What is the hydraulic gradient of a 1 mile,
mechanical ventilation required to exhaust an 17 inches inside diameter pipe when 3300
accumulation of refrigerant due to leaks of the gal/min of water flow with f = 0.03
system capable of revolving air from the A. 0.00714
machinery room for a mass of 4lbs refrigerant. B. 0.00614
A. 200 C. 0.00234
B. 210 D. 0.00187
C. 220 Answer: A
D. 230 29.) Find the loss of head in the pipe entrance if
Answer: A speed of flow is 10 m/s.
24.) Compute the free aperture cross section in A. 5.10
m2 for the ventilation of a machinery room if B. 10.2
the mass of refrigerant IS 9 KG. C. 17.4
A. 0.314 D. 2.55
B. 0.414 Answer: D
C. 0.514 30.) Wet material, containing 220% moisture
D. 0.614 ( dry basis ) s to be dried at the rate of 1.5 kg/s
Answer: B in a continuous dryer to give a product
25.) A 29.53” X 39.37” pressure vessel contains containing 10% (dry basis). Find the moisture
ammonia with f=0.041. Compute the minimum removed in kg/hr
required discharge capacity of the relief device A. 3543.75 kg/hr
in kg/hr. B. 3513.75 kg/hr
A. 106.71 kg/hr C. 3563.75 kg/hr
B. 108.71 kg/hr D. 3593.75 kg/hr
Answer: A 37.) Find the heat needed to raise the
31.) Copra enters a dryer containing 70% temperature of water from 30C to 100 C with
moisture and leaves at 7% moisture. Find the 60% quality. Consider an atmospheric pressure
moisture removed on each pound of solid in of 101.325 kpa. Use the approximate enthalpy
final product. formula of liquid.
A. 6.258 lb A. 293.09 kJ/kg
B. 1.258 lb B. 1,772.90 kJ/kg
C. 4.258 lb C. 1,547.90 kJ/kg
D. 2.258 lb D. 1,647.29 kJ/kg
Answer: D Answer: D
32.) A 1 m x 1.5 m cylindrical tank is full of oil
with S.G = 0.92. Find the force acting at the
bottom of the tank in dynes. 38.) Find the enthalpy of water at 212F and 14.7
A. 106.33 x 10^3 dynes psi if the dryness factor is 30%. Use the
B. 106.33 x 10^4 dynes approximate enthalpy formula of liquid
C. 106.33 x 10^5 dynes A. 461 Btu/lb
D. 106.33 x 10^6 dynes B. 471 Btu/lb
Answer: D C. 481 Btu/lb
33.) Find the pressure at the 100 fathom depth D. 491 Btu/lb
of water in kpag. Answer: B
A. 1,793.96 kpag 39.) An air compressor consumed 1200 kW-hr
B. 1,893.96 kpag per day of energy. The electric motor driving
C. 1,993.96 kpag the compressor has an efficiency of 80%. If
D. 1,693.96 kpag indicated power of the compressor is 34 kW,
Answer: A Find the mechanical efficiency of the
34.) Find the depth in furlong of the ocean (S.G compressor.
= 1.03) if the pressure at the sea bed is 2,032.56 A. 117.65%
kpag. B. 75%
A. 1 C. 85%
B. 2 D. 90%
C. 3 Answer: C
D. 4 40.) A refrigeration system consumed 28,300
Answer: A kW-hr per month of energy. There are 20% of
35.) Find the mass of 10 quartz of water. energy is lodt due to cooling system of the
A. 10.46 kg compressor and motor efficiency is 90%. If COP
B. 9.46 kg pf the system is 6, Find the tons of refrigeration
C. 11.46 kg of the system.
D. 8.46 kg A. 43.15%
Answer: B B. 46.15%
36.) Find the mass of carbon dioxide having a C. 49.15%
pressure of 20 psia at 200F with 10 ft3 volume. D. 41.15%
A. 1.04 lbs Answer: C
B. 1.14 lbs 41.) A 23 tons of refrigeration system has a heat
C. 1.24 lbs rejected of 1ookW. Find the energy efficiency
D. 1.34 lbs ratio of the system.
Answer: C A. 13.42
 B. 14.42 B. 16.38
C. 15.42 C. 14.38
D. 16.42 D. 12.38
Answer: B Answer: A
42.) A 200 mm X 250 mm, 8 cylinder, 4-stroke 48.) A diesel cycle has a cut off ratio of 2.5 and
diesel engine has a brake power of 150kW. The expansion ratio of 4. Find the clearance of the
mechanical efficiency is 80%. If two of the cycle.
cylinders were accidentally cut off, what will be A. 9.11 %
the new friction power? B. 5.55%
A. 31.50 kW C. 11.11%
B. 33.50kW D. 15.25%
C. 35.5o kW Answer: C
D. 37.50 kW 49.) A dual cycle has an initial temperature of
Answer: D 30C. The compression ratio is 6 and heat
43.) If the efficiency ratio of the refrigeration addition at constant volume process is 600
system is 12.6, what is the COP of the system? Kj/kg. If cut-off ratio is 2.5, Find the maximum
A. 3.69 temperature of the cycle.
B. 4.23 A. 3638.5⁰C
C. 5.92 B. 3365.50⁰C
D. 6.83 C. 3565.50⁰C
Answer: A D. 3965.50⁰C
44.) An air compressor has a power of 40 kW at Answer: B
4% clearance. If clearance will increase to 7%, 50.) A three stages air compressor compresses
what is the new power? air from 100kPa to 1000 kPa. Find the
A. 70 kW intercooler pressure between the first and
B. 40 kW second stage.
C. 53 kW A. 505.44 kPa
D. 60 kW B. 108.44 kPa
Answer: B C. 316.23 kPa
45.) What is the approximate value of D. 215.44 kPa
temperature of water having enthalpy of 208 Answer: D
Btu/lb? 51.) A 10-stages air compressor compresses air
A. 138.67⁰C from 100 kPa to 800 kPa. Find the intercooler
B. 115.55⁰C pressure between the first and second stage.
C. 258.67⁰C A. 282.82 kPa
D. 68.67⁰C B. 113.21 kPa
Answer: B C. 123.11 kPa
46.) Convert 750⁰R to ⁰K D. 333.51 kPa
A. 390.33⁰K Answer: C
B. 395.33⁰K 52.) A 3-stages air compressor compresses air
C. 410.33⁰K from 1oo kPa to 700 kPa. Find the intercooler
D. 416.33⁰K pressure between the 2nd and 3rd stage
Answer: D A. 365.88 kW
47.) An otto cycle has a compression ratio of 8. B. 375.88 kW
Find the pressure ratio during compression. C. 385.88 kW
A. 18.38 D. 395.88 kW
Abswer: A a. 70 kw
53.) Carnot cycle A, B and C are connected in b. 40 kw
series so that the heat rejected from A will be c. 53 kw
the heat added to B and heat rejected from B d. 60 kw
will be added to C. Each cycle oprates between ans B
30⁰C and 400⁰C. If heat added to A is 1000kW, 58.) What is the approximate value of
find the work output of C. temperature of water having enthalpy of 208
A. 111.44 kW BTU/lb
B. 549.78 kW a. 138.67c
C. 247.53 kW b. 115.55c
D. 141.89 kW c. 258.67c
Answer: A d. 68.87c
54.) A ton of refrigeration system has a heat ans b
rejected of 100 kw. Find the energy efficiency 59.) Convert 750 R to K
ratio of the system. a. 390.33k
a. 13.42 b. 395.33k
b. 14.42 c. 410.33k
c. 15.42 d. 413.33 k
d. 16.42 ans d
ans b 60.) An otto cycle has a compression ratio of 8.
55.) 200mm x 250 mm, 8 cylinder, 4 stroke Find the pressure ratio during compression
diesel engine has a brake power of 150 kc. The a. 18.38
mechanical efficiency is 80 %. If two of the b. 16.38
cylinders were accidentally cut off, what will be c. 14.38
the new friction power? d. 12.38
a. 31.50 kw ans A
b. 33.50 61.) A diesel cycle has a cut-off ratio of 2.5 and
c. 35.50 kw expansion of 4. Find the clearance of the cycle
d. 37.50 a. 9.11%
ans D b.5.55%
56.) If the energy efficiency ratio of the c. 11.11%
refrigeration system is 12.6, what is the COP of d. 15.15%
the system? Ans c
A, 3.69 62.) A dual cycle has an intial temperature of 30
b. 4.23 c. the compression ratio is 6 and the heat
c. 5.92 addition at constant volume process is 600
d. 6.83 kj/kg. if cut-off ratio is 2.5. find the maximum
ans a temperature of the cycle
a. 3638.5
b.3365.50c
c.3565.50c
d. 3965 c
ans B
57.) An air compressor has a power of 40 kw at 63.) A three stage air compressor compresses
4 % clearance. If clearance will increase to 7 %, air from 100 kpa to 1000 kpa. Find the
what is the new power?
intercooler pressure between the first stage and b.170
second stage. c. 195
a. 505.44 kpa d. 0
b.108.44 kpa ans D
c. 316.23 kpa 69.) Determine the atmospheric pressure at a
d.215.44 kpa location where barometric reading is 740 mmhg
ans d and gravitational acceleration is g=9.7 m/s2.
64.) A 10 stage air compressor air from 100 to Assume the temperature of mercury to be 10 c,
800 kpa. Find the intercooler pressure between at which the density is 13570 kg/m3.
1st and 2nd stage. a. 99.45 kpa
a. 282.84 b. 97.41 kpa
b.113.21 c.95.44 kpa
c.123.11 d.98.66 kpa
d.333.51 ans B
ans c 70.) The barometer of a mountain hiker reads
65.) A 3-stage air compressor compresses air 930 mbars at the beginning of a hiking trip and
from 100 to 700 kpa. Find the intercooler 780 mbars at the end. Neglecting the effect of
pressure between the 2nd and 3rd stage altitude on local gravitational acceleration,
a. 365.88 kpa determine the vertical distance climbed.
b. 375.88 kpa Assume g=9.7 m/s2
c.385.55 kpa a. 1274.21 m
d.395.88 kpa b. 1289.00 m
ans a c. 1267.34 m
66.) Carnot cycle a, b, c are connected in series d. 1583.34 m
so that the heat rejected from a will be the heat ans B
added to b an heat rejected from b to c . each 71.) The lower half of a 10 m high cylindrical
cycle between 30 and 400 c. if heat added to a container is filled with water and the upper half
is 1000 kw find the work output. with oil that has SG=0.85. determine the
a. 111.44 kw pressure difference between the top and
b. 549.78 kw bottom of the cylinder.
c. 247.53 kw a. 90.74 kpa
d. 141.89 kw b. 92.74 kpa
ans a c. 83.38 kpa
d. 98.10 kpa
67.) Air compressed adiabatically from 30 to ans a
100 c. if mass of air being compressed is 5 kg . 72.) An ideal gas at 0.80 atmospheric and 87 c
find the change of entropy occupies 0.450 liters. How many moles are in
a. 1039 kj/kg the sample?
b. 0.746 kj/kg (R=0.0821 lit-atm/mole-k)
c. 0 kj/kg a. 0.0002 mol
d. 1245kj/kg b. 0.0378 mol
ans C c.0.0122 mol
68.) Two kilogram of air in a rigid tank changes d. 0.0091 mol
its temperature from 32 to 150 c. find the work ans C
done during the process. 73.) A certain gas at 101.325 kpa and 10 c
a. 236 whose volume is 2.83 m3 are compressed into a
storage vessel of 0.31 kpa capacity. Before the temperature remains constant at 28 c. what
admission, the storage vessel contained the gas percentage has the mass of air in the tank been
and temperature of 037.8 kpa and 26 c after reduced?
admission the pressure has increased to 1171.8 a. 74.00
kpa. What should be the final temperature of b. 72.45
the gas in the vessel in Kelvin? c. 76.56
a. 298.0 d. 78.57
b. 319.8 ans D
c. 180.0 78.) A 4 m3/ hr pump delivers water to a
d. 314.2 pressure tank. At a start, the gage reads 138 kpa
ans D until it reads 276 kpa and then the pump was
74.) A perfect gas has a value of R = 58.8 shut off. The volume of the tank is 180 lit. at
ft-lb/lb-R and k = 1.26. if 20 BTU are added to 10 276 kpa the water occupied 2/3 of the tank
lbs of this gas at constant volume when initial volume. Determine the volume of water that
temperature is 90 F, find the final temperature. can be taken out until the gage reads 138 kpa.
a. 97 F a. 31.20 lit
b. 104 F b. 34.59 lit
c. 154 F c. 16.87 lit
d. 185 F d. 29.50 lit
ans A ans B
75.) Ammonia weighing 22 kgs is confirmed 79.) A refrigeration plant is rated at 15 tons
inside a cylinder equipped with a piston has an capacity. How many pounds of air per hour will
initial pressure of 413 kpa at 38 c. if 3200 KJ of it cool from 70 to 90 F at constant pressure.
heat is added to the ammonia until its final a. 50000 lb/hr
pressure and temperature are 413 kpa and 100 b. 37500 lb/hr
c, respectively. What is the amount of work by c. 52000 lb/hr
the fluid in KJ? d. 45000 lb / hr
a. 567 ans B
b. 304 80.) An air standard engine has a compression
c. 420 ratio of 18 and a cut-off ratio of 4. If the intake
d.502 air pressure and temperature are 100 kpa and
ans a 27 kpa, find the work in KJ per kg.
a. 2976
76.) A tank contains 90 ft3 of air at a pressure of b. 2166
350 psig; if air is cooled until its pressure and c. 1582
temperature decreases to 200 psig and 70 F d. 2751
respectively, what is the decrease in internal ans D
energy? 81.) Determine the air standard efficiency of an
a. 6232 Btu engine operating on the diesel cycle with
b. -5552 clearance of 6 % when the suction pressure is
c 5552 99.97 kpa and the fuel is injected for 7 % of the
d. -6232.09 BTU stroke. Assume k=1.4
ans D a. 62.11 %
77.) A large mining company was provided with b. 51.20 %
a 3 m3 of compresed air tank. Air pressure in c. 73.58 %
the tank drops from 700 kpa to 150 kpa while d. 60.02 %
ans A c.1.672
82.) Steam at 2 mpa and 250 c in a rigid cylinder d. 3.230
is cooled until the quality is 30 %. Find the heat ans b
rejected from the cylinder 87.) Water substance at 70 bar and 65 c enters
a. -432.23 kj /kg a boiler tube of constant inside diameter of 35
b. -926.26 mm . the water leaves the boiler tube at 50 bar
c. -1285.02 kj/kg and 700 k at velocity of 100 m/s. calculate the
d. 1082.34 kj/ kg inlet volume flow ( li/s)
ans c a. 0.821
83.) At 1.3 mpa and 250 c in a rigid cylinder is b. 1.261
cooled until the quality is 40 % . find the heat c. 0.344
rejected from the cylinder d.1.609
a. 1627.71 kj/kg ans D
b. 1533.33 kj/kg 88.) Steam leaves an industrial boiler at
c. 1234.45 kj / kg 827.4kpa and 171.6 c. a portion of the steam is
d. 1162.40 kj / kg passed through a throttling calorimeter and is
ans D exhausted to the atmosphere when the
84.) Mixture with 70 % quality at 500 kpa is calorimeter pressure is 101.4 kpa.
heated until its pressure is 300 kpa. Find the How much moisture does the steam leaving the
heat added during the process boiler contain if the temperature of the steam
a. 745.92 kj/kg at the calorimeter is 115.6 c?
b. 535.16 kj/kg a. 3.78 %
c. 983.44 kj/kg b. 3.08 %
d. 765.34 kj/ kg c. 4.56 %
ans a d. 2.34 %
ans B
89.) A throttling calorimeter is connected to the
desuperheated steam line supplying steam to
85.) A tank contains exactly one kilogram of the auxillary feed pump on a ship. The line
water consisting of liquid and vapor in pressure measures 2.5 Mpa. The calorimeter
equilibrium at 1 Mpa. If the liquid contains one- pressure is 110 kpa and 150c. determine the
third and the remaining is vapor of the volume entropy of the steam line.
of the tank, what is the enthalpy of the contents a. 6.8 kj/kg k
of the tank? b. 6.2 kj /kg-k
a. 644.40 kj/kg c. 6.6 kj/kg k
b. 774.40 kj/kg d. 7.5 kj /kg k
c. 785.92 kj/kg ans B
d. 435.29 kj /kg 90.) Atmospheric pressure boils at 212 F. at the
ans c vacuum pressure at 24 in hg, the temperature is
86.) Water substance at 70 bars and 65 c enters 142 F. find the boiling temperature when the
a boiler tube of constant inside diameter of 25 pressure is increased by 40 psia from
mm. the water leaves the boiler tube at 50 bars atmospheric
and 700 k at velocity 150 m/s. calculate the a. 449.42F
inlet velocity (m/s) b. 526.34 F
a. 1.56 c. 479.13 F
b. 2.51 d. 263.45 F
ans A CO2 =0.203
91.) Determine the amount of oxygen if the O2=0.219
heating value of fuel is 26961.45 kj /kg N2=0.248
a. 1.5 % 97.) Calculate the specific gravity if the
b. 2.5 % molecular weight of air is 28.97 kg/kg mol
c. 3.5 % a. 0.981
d. 4.5 % b. 1.244
ans D c. 1.055
92.) A diesel engine consumed 945 lit of fuel per d. 0.542
day at 35 c . if the fuel was purchased at 15.5 c ans C
and 30 API at P29.00 / li determine the cost of 98.) A bituminous coal has the following
fuel operate the engine per day composition
a. P 5677.50 C=71.5% H=5.0% O=7.0 % N=1.3%
b. P4677.50 S=3 % ash 7.6% W=3.4%
c. P48088.90 99.) Determine the theoretical weight of
d. P27127.76 nitrogen in lb/lb of coal
ans d a. 2.870
93.) A cylindrical tank 4m and 3m diameter is b. 7.526
used for oil storage. How many days can the c.2.274
tank supply the engine having 27 API with fuel d. 6.233
consumption of 60 kg/hr ans B
a. 17.53 100.) A gaseous fuel mixture has a molal
b. 5.84 analysis
c 12.84 H2=14 % CH4=3% CO=27%
d. 19.84 O2=0.6 % CO=24.5 % N2=50.9 %
ans a Determine the air fuel ratio for complete
94.) A logging firm in Isabella operates a diesel combustion on molal basis
electric plant to supply its electric energy a. 2.130
requirements. During a 24 hour period, the b. 3.230
plant consumed 250 gallons of fuel at 80 F and c. 1.233
produced 2900 kw-hrs. industrial fuel used is 30 d. 1.130
API and was purchased at 30.00/ li at 60 F. ans C
determine the overall thermal efficiency of the
plant
a. 26.08 % 1.) Calculate the use factor of a 135 MW plant
b. 34.23 % with a load facetor of 0.8 and a peak load of 120
MW if its operation is limited to 8500 hrs in a
c. 28.00 %
year
d. 18.46 % A 0.90
ans C B. 0.73
95.) The dry exhaust gas from oil engine has the C. 0.70
following gravimetric analysis D. 0.78
CO2=21.6 %
O2=4.2% Answer (B)
N2=74.2%
2.) Calculate the net radiation heat flux
96.) Specific heats at constant pressure for each exchange of two bodies with surface
componenet of the exhaust gas in Kcal/ kg c are
temperature of 25 deg C. The radiation heat d. 68%
transfer coefficient is 7.0 W/m2-k
A. 700 w/sq m answer b
B. 750 w/sq m
C. 665 w/sq m 7.) A circular chip ( k= 150 w/ mk) with a
D. 650 w/sq m diameter d=10mm and thickness t= 4 cm inside
diameter and 12 cm outer diameter. The inside
Answer C wall temperature of the pipe is maintained at
500 deg C while the outside surface of asbestos
3.) Calculate the reserve factor for a power at 90 deg C. Calculate the heat loss per meter
plant with a load factor of 0.7 average load of length
50 MW and rated capacity of 80 MW a. 1265w/m
a. 2 b. 1500 w/m
b. 1.5 c 1400 w/m
c. 1.12 d. 1100 w/m
d. 1.6
Answer a
Answer C
8.) A 5m thick flat plane ( k=60 w/ m k) is well
4.) Maximum demand of 30 MW and 10 MW insulated on its sides, while the top and bottom
are connected to a power plant with a peak surfaces are maintained at 150 deg. Assuming a
load of 70 MW. What is the diversity factor of steady state heat conduction, calculate the
the plant? temperature 4 m below the top surface.
a. 0.50 a. 100 deg c
b. 0.70 b. 120 deg c
c. 0.65 c. 94 deg c
d. 0.86 d. 80 deg c

Answer C Answer c

5.) A gas in piston-cylinder set-up undergoes an 9.) A solid of diameter D=0.5 m and surface
expansion of such rate that PV 1.2 =constant. emissivity of 0.8 contains electrons that
Before the expansion process the pressure of dissipate 100 W of heat. If it does not receive
the gas is 300 kpa and the volume is 0.50 m3. If radiation from the surroundings, what is the
the final volume of the gas is 0.1 m3, calculate surface temp?
the work done by the gas a. 300 deg C
a. 9.71 KJ b. 280 deg C
b. 11.0 KJ c. 230 deg C
c. 12 KJ d. 270 deg C
d. 8 KJ
Answer C
Answer A

6.) At the start of the compression process of

an air-standard diesel power cycle the pressure
is 100kpa and the temp is 15 deg C. for a mean 10.) A boiler horsepower is equal to the
effective pressure of 1362 kpa and compression evaporation of 3405lbs of 100 degrees c water
ratio of 18 the heat of combustion developed is per hr. how much steam in lb per hour a 700
1800 kj/kg. what is the thermal efficiency of the horsepower boiler can generate?
cycle? a. 24150 lb / hr
a. 65 % b. 21000 lb/ hr
b. 59 % c. 18000 lb/hr
c. 55% d. 30000 lb/hr
 respectively. What is the pressure at the end of
ans b the compression process?

11.) A rigid contains gas a 100 kpa and 10 a. 8,500 kPa

degrees C. the gas is heated until the b. 7,955 kPa
temperature reaches 100 degree C. Calculate c. 8,300 kPa
the work done by the system. d. 8,200 kPa
a. 2
b. 0 Answer: B
c. 1
d. 1.5 16.) A 100kg is at 0˚C is heated by supplying
2000KJ of heat to it. If the heat of fusion is
Answer: B 335kJ/kg how many kilograms of ice will melt
into water?
12.) The compression ratio in an air-standard
Otto cycle is 10. At the beginning of the A. 8 kg
compression stroke the pressure is 120 kpa and B. 10 kg
the temperature is 15 degree C. Calculate the C. 6 kg
pressure and the temperature at the end of the D. 3 kg
compression process. Answer: C
17.) Determine the quantity of latent heat
a. 4,000 kPa transferred to an evaporator when 5 kg of
b. 3,500 kPa water undergoes those changes from a liquid at
c. 3,014 kPa 0˚C to ice at 0˚C.
d. 3,200 kPa
Answer: C A. 1,300 kJ
B. 1,675 kJ
13.) Find the thermal efficiency of an air- C. 1,450 kJ
standard Otto power cycle with a compression D. 1,800 kJ
ratio of 7. Answer: B
18.) Compute the rate of water transfer by
a. 60% melting an ice at a rate of 50 kg/hr.
b. 50% A. 8 kJ/sec
c. 65% B. 10 kJ/sec
d. 54% C. 5 kJ/sec
Answer: D D. 12 kJ/sec
Answer: C
14.) At the beginning of the compression stroke 19.) 10 kg of water at 60˚C receives 42,000kJ of
in an standard Otto cycle. The pressure is 100 heat coming from the surrounding. Assuming it
kPa and the temperature is 15 degree C. the is open to the atmosphere, how many kilograms
compression ratio is 8 and work is 1,017.7 kj/kg. of water will be vaporized?
Determine the mean effective pressure. A. 18 kg
a. 1,406 kPa B. 15 kg
b. 1,500 kPa C. 10 kg
c. 1,350 kPa D. 20 kg
d. 1,550 kPa
Answer: A Answer: A
20.) Calculate the net radiation heat flux
15.) The compression ratio in an air standard exchange of two bodies with surface
diesel cycle is 20. At the beginning of the temperature of 25 deg C. The radiation heat
compression process the pressure and the transfer coefficient is 7.0 W/m2-k
temperature are 0.12 Mpa and 15 degree C
C. 665 w/sq m
 steady state heat conduction, calculate the
21.) A 3 cm layer asbestos [k=20 W/m degrees temperature 4 m below the top surface.
C] is used for a pipe [k=20 W/m degrees C] with
15 cm inside diameter and 12 cm outer C. 94 deg c
diameter. The inside wall temperature of the
pipe is maintained at 500 deg C while the 27.) A solid of diameter D=0.5 m and surface
outside surface of asbestos at 90 deg C. emissivity of 0.8 contains electrons that
Calculate the heat loss per meter length dissipate 100 W of heat. If it does not receive
radiation from the surroundings, what is the
A. 1265 w/m surface temp?

22.) Determine the quantity of latent heat C. 230 deg C

transferred to an evaporator when 5 kg of
water undergoes those changes from a liquid at 28.) A rigid contains gas a 100 kpa and 10
0˚C to ice at 0˚C. degrees C. the gas is heated until the
B. 1,675 kJ temperature reaches 100 degree C. Calculate
the work done by the system.
B. 0
23.) A gas in piston-cylinder set-up undergoes
an expansion of such rate that PV 1.2 =constant.
Before the expansion process the pressure of 29.) Find the thermal efficiency of an air-
the gas is 300 kpa and the volume is 0.50 m3. If standard Otto power cycle with a compression
the final volume of the gas is 0.1 m3, calculate ratio of 7.
the work done by the gas D. 54%

A. 9.71 KJ 30.) The compression ratio in an air standard

diesel cycle is 20. At the beginning of the
24.) At the start of the compression process of compression process the pressure and the
an air-standard diesel power cycle the pressure temperature are 0.12 Mpa and 15 degree C
is 100kpa and the temp is 15 deg C. for a mean respectively. What is the pressure at the end of
effective pressure of 1362 kpa and compression the compression process?
ratio of 18 the heat of combustion developed is
1800 kj/kg. what is the thermal efficiency of the B. 7,955 kPa
cycle?
31.) A 100kg is at 0˚C is heated by supplying
B. 59% 2000KJ of heat to it. If the heat of fusion is
335kJ/kg how many kilograms of ice will melt
25.) A circular chip ( k= 150 w/ mk) with a into water?
diameter d=10mm and thickness t= 4 mm is
embedded in a circuit board. Its surface is C. 6 kg
exposed to the flow of a coolant (h = 250
W/m2k, T = 10 degrees C) while its side and back 32.) 10 kg of water at 60˚C receives 42,000kJ of
surface and perfectly insulated. If any point in heat coming from the surrounding. Assuming it
the chip the temp must not exceed 90 degrees is open to the atmosphere, how many kilograms
C, what is the steady state heat dissipation of of water will be vaporized?
the chip?
A. 18 kg
B. 1.6 W
33.) Maximum demand of 30 MW and 10 MW
26.) A 5m thick flat plane ( k=60 w/ m k) is well are connected to a power plant with a peak
insulated on its sides, while the top and bottom load of 70 MW. What is the diversity factor of
surfaces are maintained at 150 deg. Assuming a the plant?
C. 0.65
 41.) A radial-flow pump operating at maximum
34.) Where groundwater ( wells and springs) or efficiency at a specific speed of 2500 is to
surface water (streams and takes) are used for deliver 260 gpm against a heat of 129 ft at a
feedwater, water hardness of ___ and alkalinity
rotative speed of 2100 rpm. Find the required
of pH 10 to be ph should be considered
number of stager (i.e., impellers)
A. 0-10 ppm
A. 2 stages
35.) A circular chip ( k= 150 w/ mk) with a
diameter d=10mm and thickness t= 4 mm is B. 3 stages
embedded in a circuit board. Its surface is C. 4 stages
exposed to the flow of a coolant (h = 250 D. 5 stages
W/m2k, T = 10 degrees C) while its side and back
surface and perfectly insulated. If any point in Answer: C
the chip the temp must not exceed 90 degrees 42.) How many identical turbines, operating at
C, what is the steady state heat dissipation of 139.0 rpm at 191% efficiency (specific speed =
the chip? 5.4), are needed to exploit a head of 1200 ft and
B. 1.6 W
a flow of 1660 ft/s.
36.) A boiler horsepower is equal to the
evaporation of 3405lbs of 100 degrees c water A. 2 turbines
per hr. how much steam in lb per hour a 700
B. 3 turbines
horsepower boiler can generate?
B. 21000 lb/ hr C. 4 turbines
37.) The compression ratio in an air-standard D. 5 turbines
Otto cycle is 10. At the beginning of the
compression stroke the pressure is 120 kpa and Answer: B
the temperature is 15 degree C. Calculate the 43.) How many poles a should a 60-Hz
pressure and the temperature at the end of the generator have, if it is connected to a turbine
compression process. operating under a design head of 3000ft with a
C. 3,014 kPa flow of 82 cfs? Assume turbine specific speed
38.) At the beginning of the compression stroke and efficiency 3 and 84 percent respectively.
in an standard Otto cycle. The pressure is 100
kPa and the temperature is 15 degree C. the A. 10-pole
compression ratio is 8 and work is 1,017.7 kj/kg.
B. 12-pole
Determine the mean effective pressure.
C. 14-pole
A. 1,406 kPa
39.) Calculate the reserve factor for a power D. 16-pole
plant with a load factor of 0.7 average load of
Answer: D
50 MW and rated capacity of 80 MW
44.) The diameter of the discharge pipe is 8 in
C. 1.12
and that of the intake pipe is 10 in. the pressure
40.)A 15 in. diameter fan operates at 1600 rpm
gage at discharge reads 32 psi, and vacuum
and develops a head of 6 in. of water and
gage at the intake reads 12 in Hg. If the
delivers 120 cfm. What volumetric capacity for
discharge flow rate = 4.0 ft3/s of water and the
geometrically similar fan that will develop 6 in.
brake horse power is 49.0, find the efficiency.
of water at 1300 rpm?
The intake and the discharge are at the same
A. 147.70 cfm elevation.
B. 181.8 cfm
A. 82.1 %
C. 97.5 cmf
B. 80.9 %
D. 79.2 cfm
C. 55.8 %
Answer: B D. 58.46 %
Answer: A B. 6.14
45.) A piston positive-displacement pump (PDP) C. 203.61
has 6-in diameter and a 2.5 in stroke. Its D. 144
crankshaft rotates at 300 rpm. Calculate its
output at 94 percent volumetric efficiency. Answer: A
49.) An impulse wheel at best produces 125 hp
A. 12.27 cfm under a head of 210 ft. by what percent should
B. 13.5 cfm the speed be increased for a 290-ft head?
C. 10 cfm
D. 11.53 cfm A. 82.5 %
B. 17.5 %
Answer: D C. 72.41 %
46.) A centrifugal pump (efficiency 88%) lifts D. 71.59 %
water through a total height of 40m from
reservoir to discharge. Pumping is through 300 Answer: B
m of 75 mm diameter pipe at the rate of 20 50.) What is the power ratio of a pump and its
liters/sec. if pipe friction factor, f=0.025, what 1/5 scale model if the ratio of head is 4 to 1?
horsepower is required? A. 20
A. 28.4 kW B. 200
B. 32.2 kW C. 12.5
C. 25 kW D. 125
D. 9 kW Answer: B
Answer: B 51.) The speed of a centrifugal pump is doubled.
47.) In order to predict the behavior of a small By what factor does the pump head change?
oil pump, test are to be made on a model using A. 0.125
air, the oil pump is to be driven by a 1/20-hp B. 0.25
motor a t 1800 rpm and ¼-hp motor is available C. 4
to drive the air pump at 600 rpm. Using specific D. 8
gravity of oil at 0.912 and density of air constant
at 0.076 lb/ft3, what size model should be built? Answer: C
52.) A 650 BHP diesel engine uses fuel oil of
A. The model should be 2 times as large as 280API gravity, fuel consumption is 0.65 lb/BHP-
the oil pump hr. Cost of fuel is P 7.95 per liter. For continuous
B. The model should be 5 times as large as operation, determine the minimum volume of
the oil pump cubical day tank in cm3, ambient temperature is
C. The model should be 8 times as large as 450C.
the oil pump
D. The model should be 10 times as large A. 4,372,890 cm3
as the oil pump B. 5,987,909 cm3
C. 5,291,880 cm3
Answer: D D. 7,352,789 cm3
48.) A double-overhung impulse-turbine
installation is to develop 20,000 hp at 275 rpm Answer: C
under a net head of 11,000 ft. determine the 53.) A typical industrial fuel oil, C16H32 with 20%
specific speed. excess air by weight. Assuming complete

A. 4.34
oxidation of the fuel, calculate the actual air- A. 212,861.04 m3/hr
fuel ratio by weight. B. 221,861.04 m3/hr
C. 218,261.04 m3/hr
A. 17.56 kgair/kgfuel D. 281,261.04 m3/hr
B. 15.76 kgair/kgfuel
C. 16.75 kgair/kgfuel Answer: A
D. 17.65 kgair/kgfuel 57.) A diesel power plant consumed 1m3 of fuel
with 300API at 270C in 24 hrs. Calculate the fuel
Answer: D rate in kg/hr.
54.) Fuel oil in a day tank for use of an industrial
boiler is tested with hydrometer. The A. 36.21
hydrometer reading indicates a S.G. = 0.924 B. 26.25
when the temperature of the oil in the tank is C. 29.34
350C. Calculate the higher heating value of the D. 39.42
fuel.
Answer: A
A. 43,852.13 kJ/kg 58.) A diesel power plant uses fuel with heating
B. 53,853.13 kJ/kg value of 43,000 kJ/kg. What is the density of the
C. 58,352.13 kJ/kg fuel at 250C?
D. 48,352.13 kJ/kg
A. 840 kg/m3
Answer: A B. 873 kg/m3
55.) A diesel electric plant supplies energy for C. 970 kg/m3
Meralco. During a 24 hr period, the plant D. 940 kg/m3
consumed at 700 gallons of fuel at 280C and
produce 3930 kW-hr. industrial fuel used is Answer: C
280API and was purchased at P 5.50 per liter at 59.) A water tube boiler has a capacity of 1000
15.60C. What should the cost of fuel be produce kg/hr of steam. The factor of evaporation is 1.3,
one kW-hr? boiler rating is 200%, boiler efficiency is 65%,
heating surface area is 0.91 m2 per bo. HP, and
A. 1.05 the heating value of fuel is 18,400 kCal/kg. the
B. 1.10 total coal available in the bunker is 50,000 kg.
C. 1.069 Determine the no. of hrs to consume the
D. 1.00 available fuel.

Answer: A A. 853.36 hrs

B. 706.57 hrs
56.) A certain coal has the following ultimate C. 979.46 hrs
analysis: D. 100.75 hrs
C = 70.5% H = 4.5% O2 = 6%
N2 = 1.0% Answer: A
S = 3.0 % Ash = 11% Moisture = 4% 60.) Two boilers are operating steadily on
A stoker fired boiler of 175,000 kg/hr steaming 91,000 kg of coal contained in a bunker. One
capacity uses this coal as fuel. Calculate the boiler is producing 1591 kg of steam per hour at
volume of air in m3/hr with air at 600F (15.60F) 1.2 factor of evaporation and an efficiency of
and 14.7 psia (101.325 kPa) the coal is burned 65% and another boiler produce 136 kg of
with 30% excess air. Boiler efficiency of 70% and steam per hour at 1.15 factor of evaporation
factor of evaporation of 1.10. and an efficiency of 60%. How many hrs will the
coal in the bunker run the boilers If the heating there are 5 kg/s steam admitted and the turbine
value of coal is 7,590 kCal/kg? throttle?

A. 230.80 hrs A. 4597.45 kW

B. 280.54 hrs B. 3976.55 kW
C. 350.35 hrs C. 3883.81 kW
D. 300.54 hrs D. 1675.42 Kw

Answer: A Answer: C
61.) The heating value of fuel supplied in a 65.) Compute the specific volume of an air-
boiler is 40,000 kJ/kg. If the factor of vapor mixture in cubic meters per kilogram of
evaporation is 1.10 and the actual specific dry air when the following conditions prevail: t
evaporation is 10. What is the efficiency of the = 400C, w = 0.015 kg/kg, and Pt = 100 kPa.
boiler?
A. 0.99 m3/kg
A. 62.07 % B. 0.89 m3/kg
B. 53.08 % C. 0.79 m3/kg
C. 78.05 % D. 0.69 m3/kg
D. 54.97 %
Answer: A
Answer: A 66.) A coil has an inlet temperature of 700F and
62.) What is the rate of evaporation of a water outlet of 800F. if the mean temperature of the
tube boiler if the factor of evaporation is 1.10 coil is 1300F, find the bypass factor of the coil.
percent rating of 200% and the heating surface
area is 250 m2? A. 0.28
B. 1.20
A. 7,817.16 kg/hr C. 0.82
B. 7,898.67 kg/hr D. 0.83
C. 6,789.45 kg/hr
D. 5,768.54 kg/hr 67.) Compute the pressure drop of 350C al
flowing a mean velocity of 5 m/s in a circular
Answer: A sheet-metal duct 400mm in diameter and 25m
63.) Steam is admitted to the cylinder of an long. Use a friction factor, f = 0.04, and ρair =
engine in such manner the average pressure is 1.3799 kg/m3.
120 psi. The diameter of the piston is 10 in. and
the length of stroke is 12 in. What is the Hp of A. 431.22 Pa
the engine when it is making 300 rpm? B. 221.34 Pa
C. 312.24 Pa
A. 171.4 Hp D. 422.31 Pa
B. 175 Hp
C. 173.2 Hp Answer: A
D. 174 Hp 68.) A 1.5 kg of wet stream at a pressure of 5
bar (h = 640 kJ/kg, h = 2109 kJ/kg) dryness 0.95
Answer: A is blown into 70 liters of water of 120C (h = 50.4
64.) Steam enters a turbine stage with an kJ/kg). Find the final enthalpy of the mixture.
enthalpy of 3628 kJ/kg at 70 m/s and leaves the
same stage with an enthalpy of 2846 kJ/kg and A. 74.80 kJ/kg
a velocity of 124 m/s. Calculate the power if B. 84.80 kJ/kg
C. 94.80 kJ/kg
 D. 104.80 kJ/kg Answer: D
74.) A cylinder weighs 15 lbf. Its cross sectional
Answer: D area is 40 square inches. When the cylinder
69.) The absolute pressure at a the bottom of a stands vertically on one end, what pressure
vertical column of water is 15.5 psia. What is does the cylinder exert on the floor?
the height of this column?
A. 14.1 kPa
A. 22 in B. 58.2 kPa
B. 9.2 in C. 0.258 kPa
C. 12 in D. 0.141 kPa
D. 9.8
Answer: C
Answer: A 75.) What is the absolute pressure exerted on
70.) Water temperature rise of 180F in the the surface of a submarine cruising 300 ft below
water cooled condenser is equivalent in 0C to the free surface of the sea? Assume specific
A. 7.78 0C gravity of sea water is 1.03
B. 10 0C A. 133.9 psia
C. 263.56 0C B. 148.6 psia
D. -9.44 0C C. 100.7 psia
Answer: B D. 103.7 psia
71.) An oil storage tank contains oil with specific Answer: B
gravity of 0.88 and depth of 20 meters. What is 76.) Air enters a nozzle steadily at 2.21 kg/m3
the hydrostatic pressure at the bottom of the and 30 m/s. what is the mass flow rate through
tank in kg/cm2? the nozzle if the inlet area of the nozzle is 80
A. 1.67 cm2
B. 1.76 A. 0.35 kg/s
C. 1.56 B. 3.5 kg/s
D. 1.87 C. 5.3 kg/s
Answer: B D. 0.53 kg/s
72.) A vertical column of water will be Answer: D
supported to what height by standard 77.) The work required to accelerate an 800-kg
atmospheric pressure? car from rest to 100 km/hr on a level road:
A. 34 ft A. 308.6 kJ
B. 36 ft B. 806.3 kJ
C. 24 ft C. 608.3 kJ
D. 26 ft D. 386 kJ
Answer: A Answer: A
73.) The specific weight of liquid is 60 lb/ft3 78.) Assuming that there are no heat effects
what is the equivalent to kN/m3 and no friction effects, find the speed of a 3220-
A. 9.334 lbm body after it falls 778 ft from rest.
B. 9.249 A. 422 ft/sec
C. 9.643 B. 424 ft/sec
D. 9.420
 C. 224 ft/sec Answer: B
D. 424 ft/sec 83.) Pump at its best efficiency point (BEP) has a
capacity of 10,500 gpm while developing a head
Answer: C of 60 ft at a rotative speed of 1450 rpm. What is
79.) What is the flow rate through a pipe 4 the specific speed of the pump?
inches in diameter carrying water at a velocity
of 11ft/sec? A. 2760
B. 1450
A. 430.84 gpm C. 2476
B. 7.18 gpm D. 6892
C. 340.28 gpm
D. 39.16 gpm Answer: D
84.) A pump will be installed below the
Answer: A reservoir water surface with a required net
80.) The specific weight of a liquid is 58.5 lbf per positive suction head (NPSHR) of 50 ft. the
cubic foot, what is the specific volume of the barometric pressure is 14.3 psia, and the vapor
liquid cm3/g? pressure is 0.5 psia. Assume friction losses in
A. 0.5321 cm3/g the intake piping are 5 ft. find the maximum
B. 0.6748 cm3/g allowable elevation of the pump relative to the
C. 0.9504 cm3/g water surface intake to avoid cavitation.
D. 1.0675 cm3/g A. 45 ft
Answer: D B. 55 ft
81.) What is the resulting pressure when one C. 18.2 ft
pound of air at 0.3 psig and 2000F is heated at D. 23.2 ft
constant volume to 8000F? Answer: D

A. 0.572 psig 85.) Centrifugal pump at best efficiency (BEP).

B. 28.6 psia Assuming the pump characteristic are head, h =
C. 7.857 psia 7m, flow rate, Q = 19 liters/sec, and rotative
D. 1.2 psig speed n = 1170 rpm. Find the specific speed in
SI units.
Answer: B
82.) A small pump serving as model, when A. 0.4
tested in laboratory using water at 3600 rpm, B. 0.71
delivered 3.0cfs at a head of 125 ft. if the C. 10.41
efficiency of this model pump is 84%. Predict D. 3.94
the horse power input to the prototype pump if Answer: B
it is to develop the same head as model pump 86.) It is proposed to build a dam in a river
and the model pump has a scale ratio of 1:10. where the flow rate is 10 m3/s and a 32m drop
Assume the efficiency of the prototype pump in elevation can be achieved for flow through a
90%. turbine. If the turbine is 82 percent efficient,
A. 50.6 hp what maximum power that can be achieved?
B. 4730 hp Specific gravity of river water is 0.998
C. 4740 hp A. 2570 kW
D. 60.5 hp B. 3133 kW
C. 3820 kW
 D. 262 kW b. 17.5 %
c. 72.41%
Answer: A ans A
87.) What type of turbine delivers 25,000 bhp at 92.) What is the power ratio of a pump and its
500 rpm under a net head of 5350 ft 1/5 scale model if the ratio of heads is 4 to 1?
A. Impulse turbine a. 20
B. Francis turbine b.200
C. Kaplan turbine c. 12.5
D. Propeller d.125
ans B
Answer: A 93.) the speed of a centrifugal pump is doubled.
88.) 26-Hp pump delivers 475 gpm of gasoline By what factor does the pump head change?
(γ=42.5 lb/ft3) at 200C with 78% efficiency. What a. 0.125
pressure rise result across the pump? b. 0.25
c. 4
A. 30.2 psi
d. 8
B. 32.7 psi
ans C
C. 120.3 psi
94.) Compute the specific volume of an air
D. 73.2 psi
vapor mixture in cubic meters per kg of dry air
Answer: D when the following conditions prevail : t=40 c;
89.) A model pump delivering water at 1800F w= 0.015 kg/kg; p=100 kpa
(γ=60.6 lb/ft3 ; ρ=7.54 psia) at 900 gpm and a. 0.99 m3/kg
2500 rpm begins to cavitate when the inlet b. 0.89 m3/kg
pressure and velocity are 13 psia and 22 fps. c. 0.79 m3/kg
Find the required NPSH of a prototype which is d. 0.69 m3/kg
4 times larger and runs at 1100 rpm. ans A
95.) A coil has an inlet temperature of 70 F and
A. 63.5 ft outlet of 80 F. if the mean temperature of the
B. 20.49 ft coil is 130 F, find the bypass factor of the coil
C. 6.61 ft a. 0.28
D. 36 ft b. 1.20
c 0.82
Answer: A
d. 0.83
90.) A volumetric analysis of a gas mixture as
ans C
follows
96.) Compute the pressure drop of 35 c air
CO2 :12% O2: 4%
flowing with a mean velocity of 5 m/s in a
N2: 80% CO: 4%
circular sheet metal duct 400 mm in diameter
What is the percentage of CO2 on a mass basis
and 25 m long. Use a factor , f = 0.04 and p air
a. 17.55 %
1.3799 kg/m3
b. 15.55%
a. 431.22 pa
c. 12.73%
b. 221.34 pa
d. 19.73%
c. 312.24
ans A
d. 422.31
91.) A impulse wheel at best produces 125 hp
ans secret
under a head of 210 ft. by what percent should
97.) A stocker fired boiler of 195 000 kg/hr
be increased for 290 ft head?
steaming capacity uses this coal as fuel.
a. 82.5 %
Calculate volume of air in m3/hr with air at 60 F 2.) A coil has an inlet temperature of 60 °F and
and 14.7 psia and 14.7 psia pressure if boiler an outlet of 90°F. If the mean temperature of
efficiency is 70% and FE = 1.10 the coil is 110°F. Find the bypass factor of the
coil.
a. 234 019 m3/hr
A. 0.20 C. 0.40
b. 215 830 m3 /hr B. 0.30 D. 0 .50
c. 213 830 m3 /hr C
d. 264 830 m3 /hr
ans a 3.) A rectangular duct has a diameter of 0.25 m
98.) 23.5 kg of steam per second at 5 Mpa and by 1 m. determines of the equivalent diameter
400 c is produced by a steam generator. The of the duct.
A. 0.40 m C. 0.70 m
feedwater enters the economizer at 145 c and
B. 0.80 m D. 0.30 m
leaves 205 c. the steam leaves the boiler drum A
with a quality of 98 %. The unit consumes 3 kg
of coal per second as received having a heating 4.) The mass of an outside air at 50°C in an air
value of 25 102 kj/kg. what would be the overall conditioning unit is 60 kg. Find the temperature
efficiency of the unit in percent? after mixing if the outside air mixed with 40 kg
a. 65.72 with recirculated air at 35°C.
A. 44°C C. 52°C
b. 80.67
B. 39°C D. 47°C
c. 88.28 A
d. 78.82
ans B 5 A creamery must cool 20,000 liters of milk
99.) In a rankine cycle enters the turbine at 2.5 received each day from initial temperature at
Mpa (enthalpies & entropies given) and 29°C to a final temperature at 2°C in 5 hours. If
refrigeration losses amount to 10 percent of the
condenser of 50 kpa (properties given) , what is
cuilling load, what must be the capacity of the
the thermal efficiency of the cycle?
refrigeration machine?
a. 25.55 % Note: specific heat of milk 3.9 kJ/kg-K and S.G. =
b. 45.23 % 1.05
c. 34.23 % A. 38.5 TOR C. 37.5 TOR
d. 12.34 % B. 36.5 TOR D. 39.5 TOR
ans a A
100.) A thermal power plant generates 5 MW
6.) How many tons of refrigeration are required
and the heat generated by fuel is 13000 kj / s. if to produce 10 metric tons of ice per day at -
thermal efficiency is 36.15 %, find the power 10°C from raw water at 22°C if miscellaneous
needed for the auxillaries losses are 15% of the chilling and freezing load?
a. 310 kw A. 17 TOR C. 15 TOR
b. 300 kw B. 20 T0R D. 24 TOR
c 400kw A
d.350 kw
7.) Five hundred kilogram of poultry enters a
ans B chiller at 8°C and are frozen and chilled to a
1.) Calculate the specific volume of an air-vapor final temperature of -18°C for a storage in 15
mixture in cubic meters per kilogram of dry air hours. The specific heat above and below the
when the ff. conditions: t=30°C, w=0.015 kg/kg, freezing are 3.18 kJ/kg-K°C and 1.55 kJ/kg-K°C
and Pt =90kpa respectively. The latent heat is 246 kJ/kg and
A. 0.99 m3/kg C. 0.79 m3/kg the freezing temperature is -5°C. Compute the
3
B. 0.89 m /kg D. 0.69 m3/kg product load.
A A. 2.75 kW C. 2.95 kW
B. 2.85 kW D. 3.15 kW
 B A

8.) Fish weighing 11,000 kg with a temperature 13.) A cylindrical flash tank mounted with its
of 20°C is brought to a cold storage and which axis horizontal is used to separate liquid
shall be cooled to -10°C in 11 hours. Find the ammonia from ammonia vapor. The ammonia
required plant refrigerating capacity in tons of vapor bubbles through the liquid with 70
refrigeration if the specific heat of fish is 0.7 m3/min leaving the disengaging surface. The
kCal/kg°C above freezing and 0.30 kCal/kg°C disengaging rate is limited to 60 m/min and the
below freezing point which is -3°C. The latent liquid level is to operate with the liquid level
heat of freezing is 55.5 kCal/kg. one-third of the diameter from the top.
A. 25.26 C. 14.38 Determine the diameter if the tank is 1.5 m
B. 15.26 D. 24.38 long.
D A. 830 mm C. 860 mm
B. 730 mm D. 760 mm
9.) The power requirement of Carnot A
refrigeration in maintaining a low temperature
region at 300 K 1.5 kW per ton. Find the heat 14.) A 150 Hp motor is used to drive a
rejected. compressor. If the heat loss from the
compressor is 25 kW and the mass flow rate of
A. 4.02 kW C. 5.02 kW the refrigerant entering the compressor is 0.50
B. 7.02 kW D. 6.02 kW kg/s, determine the difference of the enthalpies
C between the inlet and outlet of the compressor.
A. 143.80 kJ/kg C. 173.80 kJ/kg
10.) A vapor compression refrigeration system B. 153.80 kJ/kg D. 183.80 kJ/kg
is designed to have a capacity of 150 tons of C
refrigeration. It produces chilled water from
22°C to 2°C. Its actual coefficient of 15.) Determine the estimated condenser load
performance is 5.86 and 35% of the power for an open-type compressor having a cooling
supplied to the compressor is lost in the form of capacity of 16,500 Btu/hr and a heat rejection
friction and cylinder cooling losses. Determine factor of 1.32.
the condenser cooling water required for a A. 22,280 Btu/hr C. 21,780 Btu/hr
temperature rise of 10°C. B. 20,780 Btu/hr D. 91,780 Btu/hr
A. 14.75kg/s C. 18.65 kg/s C
B. 15.65 kg/s D. 13.75 kg/s 16 To cool farm products 300 kg of ice at -4.4°C
A are placed in bunker twenty four hours later the
11.) Determine the heat extracted from 2000 kg ice have melted into water at 7.2°C. What is the
of water from 25°C to ice at -10°C. average rate of cooling provided by the ice in
A. 621,150 kJ C. 821,150 kJ kJ/Hr?
B. 721,159 kJ D. 921,150 kJ A. 2679.28 kJ/Hr C. 3679.28 kJ/Hr
D B. 5679.28 kJ/Hr D. 4679.28 kJ/Hr
D
12.) A single acting, twin cylinder, Ammonia 17.) The load on a water–cooled condenser is
compressor with bore equal to stroke is driven 90,000 Btu/hr. if the quantity of water
by an engine at 250 rpm. The machine is circulated through the condenser is 15 gpm,
installed in a chilling plant to produce 700 kW of determine the temperature rise of the water in
refrigeration at -18°C evaporating temperature. the condenser.
At this temperature the cooling effect per kg A. 12°F C. 16°F
mass is 1160 kJ. The specific volume of vapor B. 14°F D. 18°F
entering the compressor is 0.592 m3 per A
kilogram. Assume 85% volumetric efficiency.
Determine the bore in mm. 18.) If the load on a water–cooled condenser in
A. 400 mm C. 450 mm 150,000 Btu/hr and the temperature rise of the
B. 300 mm D. 500 mm
water in the condenser is 10°F. What is the A. 51.55 HP C. 40.15 HP
quantity of water circulated in gpm? B. 50.15 HP D. 45.15 HP
A. 30 C. 20 C
B. 40 D 50
A 25.) A pump delivers 20 cfm of water having a
density of 62 lb/ft3. The suction and discharge
19.) The weight of ammonia circulated in a gage reads 5 in. Hg vacuum and 30 psi
machine is found to be 21.8 lb/hr. if the vapor respectively. The discharge gage is 5 ft above
enters the compressor with a specific volume of the suction gage. If pump efficiency is 70%,
9.6 Ft3/hr, calculate the piston displacement, what is the motor power?
assuming 80% percent volume efficiency. A. 5.31 Hp C. 4.31 Hp
A. 261.6 Ft3/hr C. 281.8 Ft3/hr B. 3.31 Hp D. 6.31 Hp
3
B. 271.6 Ft /hr D. 291.6 Ft3/hr C
A
26.) Calculate the air power of a fan that
20 A single stage ammonia compressor is delivers 1200 °F Ft3/hr of air through a 1m by
producing 10 tons of refrigeration and the 1.5m outlet. Static pressure is 120 mm WG and
power consumed is 15 Hp. Suction pressure is the density of air is 1.18
25 psi, condensing pressure is 180 psi. Brine A. 20.45 kW C. 30.45 kW
temperature is 20°F off brine cooler. Determine B. 25.64 kW D. 35.64 kW
the actual coefficient of performance. B
A. 10.14 C. 12.14
B. 11.14 D. 13.14 27.) The piston displacement of a double acting
D compressor is 0. 358 m3 delivers gas from
101.325 kPa and 300 K to 675 kPa at the rate of
21.) In an ammonia condensing machine 0.166 m3/s at 150 rpm. Value of n for
(compressor plus condenser) the water used for compression and expansion is 1.33. Find the
condensing is 55°F. Calculate the ideal COP. compressor percent clearance.
A. 11.875 C. 10.875 A. 19.66 C. 15.69
B. 12.875 D. 13.875 B. 10.75 D. 16.96
A D

22.) How much refrigeration capacity is 28 Determine the specific speed of a centrifugal
required to cool 2000 cfm of air from 85°F to pump delivers 7500 gpm acting against a total
70°F? head of 370 ft and operating at 1000 rpm.
A. 2.7 TOR C. 1.7 TOR A. 1072 rpm C. 1041 rpm
B. 3.7 TOR D. 4.7 TOR B. 1027 rpm D. 1014 rpm
A B

23.) Determine the coil face area required to 29.) An induced draft fan is used to extract
maintain a face velocity of 400 Ft/min if the air 270000 m3 of flue gas per hour from a boiler
flow rate over the coil is 2100 Ft3/hr furnace. The fan is to deliver at a total pressure
A. 3.25 Ft2 C. 5.25 Ft2 of 250 mm water gage. Determine the size of
B. 4.45 Ft2 D. 6.25 Ft2 the electric motor in kW if a mechanical
C efficiency of 55% is considered.
A. 444.33 kW C. 433.44 kW
24.) A centrifugal pump discharge 20 L/s against B. 343.44 kW D. 334.44 kW
a head of 17 m when the speed is 1500 rpm. D
The diameter of the impeller was 30 cm and the
brake horsepower was 6.0. A geometrically 30.) The fan has a total head of 190 m and static
similar pump 40 cm in diameter is to run at pressure of 20 cm WG. If the air density is 1.2
1750 rpm. Assuming equal efficiencies, what kg/m3. What is the velocity of air flowing?
brake horsepower is required? A. 16.21 m/s C. 16.66 m/s
 B. 27.21 m/s D. 17.77 m/s 35.) A steam is expanded through a nozzle and
D the enthalpy drop per kg of steam from the
initial pressure to the final pressure is 60 kJ.
31.) A pump delivers 500 gpm of water against a Neglecting the friction, find the velocity of
total head of 200 ft and operating at 1770 rpm. discharge and the exit area of the nozzle to pass
Changes have increased the total head to 375 0.20 kg/s if the specific volume of the steam at
ft. At what rpm should the pump be operated to exit is 1.5 m3/kg.
achieve the new head at the same efficiency? A. 346.4 m/s, 879 m2 C. 765.6 m/s,
A. 2800 rpm C. 3434 rpm 467 m2
B. 3600 rpm D. 2424 rpm B. 356.7 m/s, 278 m2 D.346.4 m/s,
2
D 866 m
D

32.) The diesel electric plant supplies energy for 36.) A 60 MW steam turbine generator power
meralco. During a 24 hr period, the plant plant has a full-load steam rate of 8 kg/kW-hr.
consumed 200 gallons of fuel at 28°C and assuming that no-load steam consumption as
produced 3930 Kw-hr. industrial fuel is used is 15% of full-load steam consumption, compute
28°API and was purchased at P 5.50 per liter at for the hourly steam consumption at 75% load,
15,6°C. What should the cost of fuel be in kg/hr.
produced one kw-hr? A. 37,800 kg/hr C. 30,780 kg/hr
A. P 1.05 C. P 1.069 B. 38,700 kg/hr D. 30,870 kg/hr
B. P 1.10 D. P 1.00 A
A
37.) The feed water to a boiler is 92%
33.) A boiler contains 3.5 tons of water initially condensate and 8% make-up containing 270
having 40 ppm dissolved solids after 24 hrs the ppm solids. What weights of solids enter the
dissolved solids in the water is 2500 ppm. If the boiler per hour at 22,680 kg per steam
feed rate is 875 kg/hr, find the ppm of dissolved evaporation?
solids contained in the feed water. A. 0.49 kg solids/hr C. 0.39 kg
A. 410 ppm C. 390 ppm solids/hr
B. 320 ppm D. 420 ppm B. 0.59 kg solids/hr D. 0.69 kg
A solids/hr
A

38.) The 1370 diameter steam drum on a boiler

is 2440 mm long has a 250 mm gage glass at
34.) A travelling-grate stoker can burn mid-drum level. Find the maximum steam
bituminous coal with 10% moisture and 10% generation that could be cared for by a blow
ash at a rate of 500,000 Btu/hr-Ft2. A boiler with down of half a water gauge each 8 hr. shift.
a steam rating of 200,000 lb/hr will be fired Pressure, 17.5 kg/cm2 gage. Sr = 150 PPM, Sb =
with the above fuel having a high heat value of 2000 PPM
12,200 Btu/lb. if the boiler efficiency is 80%, and A. 450.59 kg/hr C. 650.59 kg/hr
if it takes 1000 BTU to evaporate and superheat B. 550.59 kg/hr D. 750.59 kg/hr
one pound of feed water to the desired B
temperature, find the hourly coal supply and
grate area needed.
A. 20,500 lb, 500 Ft2 C. 28,200 lb, 39.) Given a horizontal conveyor, 46 m centers,
400 Ft2 175 pounds per hr capacity of handling
B. 26,400 lb, 700 Ft2 D. 22,600 lb, bituminous coal at 0.5 m/s with 800 kg per m 3.
200 Ft2 Other data as follows
A Flight width and depth 610 mm x 200
mm
 Quantity of material 0.108 and the volume flow rate of air if the minimum
3
mm /m and maximum pressures are 100 kPa and 500
Coefficient of friction elements 0.10 kPa respectively, and temperature of 20°C and
Material coefficient of friction 0.59 1000°C?
40.) Assume an engineering-type chain with A. 31.97 kg/s, 26.88 m3/s C. 41.97 kg/s,
sleeve bearing rollers weighing with flights, 89.3 26.88 m3/s
kg/m. Calculate the chain pull in kg B. 36.98 kg/s, 28.99 m3/s D. 46.98 kg/s,
A. 2180.33 C. 1555.36 28.99 m3/s
B. 4550.10 D. 3166.46 A
D
46.) A hydro-electric power plant consumes
41.) Air is drawn into a gas turbine working on 60,000,000 kW-hr per year. What is the net if
the constant pressure cycle at 1 bar 21°C and the expected flow is 1500 m 3/min and over-all
compressed to 5.7 bars. The temperature at the efficiency is 63%?
end of heat supply is 680°C. Taking expansion A. 34.34 m C. 44.33 m
and compression to be adiabatic where Cv = B. 43.43 m D. 33.44 m
0.718 kJ/kg-K, Cp = 1.055 kJ/kg-K, calculate the C
heat energy supplied per kg at constant
pressure. 47.) A pelton type turbine has a gross head of
A. 472 kJ/kg C. 501 kJ/kg 40 m and a friction head loss of 6 m. What is the
B. 389 kJ/kg D. 489 kJ/kg penstock diameter if the penstock length is 90
A m and the coefficient of friction head loss is
42.) In an air-standard Bryton cycle, the 0.0001 (Morse).
compressor receives air at 101.325 kPa, 21°C A. 2040 mm C. 2440 mm
and it leaves at the rate of 4 kg/s. determine B. 3120 mm D. 2320 mm
the turbine work if the temperature of the air A
entering the turbine is 1000°C
A. 3000 kW C. 2028 kW 48.) A hydro-electric impulse turbine is directly
B. 2701 kW D. 3500 kW coupled to a 24 pole, 60 Hz alternator. It has a
C specific speed of 60 rpm and develops 3000 Hp.
What is the required diameter assuming a
53.) The net power output of an air-standard peripheral speed ratio of 0.45?
Brayton cycle is 200 kW. Air enters the A. 0.661 m C. 0.443 m
compressor at 32°C and leaves the high- B. 0.552 m D. 0.775 m
temperature heat exchanger at 800°C. What is A
the mass flow rate of air if it leaves the turbine
at 350°C? 49.) The tail water and the headwater of a
A. 0.57 kg/s C. 0.77 kg/s hydro-electric power plant are 150 m and 200
B. 0.67 kg/s D. 0.87 kg/s m respectively. What is the water power if the
D flow is 15 m3/s and a head loss of 10% of the
gross head?
44.) In an air-standard Brayton cycle the inlet A. 6,621.75 kW C. 5,621.76 kW
temperature and the pressure are 20°C and B. 7,621.65 kW D. 4,621.56 kW
101.325 kPa. The turbine inlet conditions are A
1200 kPa and 900°C. Determine the air flow
rate if turbines produce 12 MW.
A. 21.41 kg/s C. 19.25 kg/s
B. 20.20 kg/s D. 18.10 kg/s 50.) In a hydro-electric plant, water flows at 10
B m/s in a penstock of 1 m2 cross-sectional area. If
the net head of the plant is 30 m and the
45.) A gas turbine power plant operating on the turbine efficiency is 85%, what is the turbine
Brayton cycle delivers 15 MW to a standby output?
electric generator. What are the mass flow rate A. 2,501.55 kW C. 3,626.34 kW
 B. 2,100.21 kW D. 3,124.65 kW similar pump 40 cm in diameter is to run at
A 1750 rpm. Assuming equal efficiency, what
brake horsepower is required?
51.) A 75 MW power plant has an average load A. 51.55 Hp C. 40.15 Hp
of 35,000 kW and a load factor of 65%. Find the B. 50.15 Hp D. 45.15 Hp
reserve over peak. C
A. 21.15 MW C. 25.38 MW
B. 23.41 MW D. 18.75 MW 58.) A condensate pump at sea level takes
A water from a surface condenser where the
vacuum is 15 in. of mercury. The friction and
52.) A power plant is said to have/had a use turbulence in the piping in the condenser hot
factor of 48.5% and a capacity factor of 42.4%. well and the pump suction flange is assumed to
How many hrs. Did it operate during the year? be 6.5 ft. if the condensate pump to be installed
A. 6,600.32 hrs C. 8,600.32 hrs has a required head of 9 ft, what would be the
B. 7,658.23 hrs D. 5,658.23 hrs minimum height of water level in the hot well
B that must be maintained above the centerline
of the pump to avoid cavitations?
53.) A 50,000 kW steam plant delivers an annual A. 2.5 ft C. 18 ft
output of 238,000,000 kW-hr with a peak load B. 15.5 ft D. 5.5 ft
of 42,860 kW. What is the annual load factor B
and capacity factor? 59.) A pump delivers 2o cfm of water having a
A. 0.634, 0.534 C. 0.634, 0.543 density of 62 lb/ft3. The suction discharge gage
B. 0.643, 0.534 D. 0.643, 0.534 reads 5 in. Hg vacuum and 30 psi respectively.
C The discharge gage is 5 ft above the suction
gage. If the pump efficiency is 70%, what is
54.) Calculate the use factor of a power plant if motor power?
the capacity factor is 35% and it operates 8000 A. 5.31 Hp C. 4.31 Hp
hrs during the year? B. 3.31 Hp D. 6.31 Hp
A. 38.325 % C. 35.823 % C
B. 33.825 % D. 32.538 %
A 60.) A fan has a total head of 190 m and a static
pressure of 20 cm WG. If the air density is 1.2
55.) A 39.5 m high chimney of radial brick kg/m3, what is the velocity of air flowing?
masonry is described by the ff. top and bottom. A. 16.21 m/s C. 16.66 m/s
D2 = 1.9 m, d2 = 1.5 m, D1 = 3.2 m, d1 = 2.3 m. B. 17.21 m/s D. 17.766 m/s
Determine the moment due to wind load. D
A. 172,051 kg-m C. 150,160 kg-m
B. 160,388 kg-m D. 182,030 kg-m 61.) A jet of water is discharge through a 1 –
D inch diameter orifice under constant head of
2.1 ft total discharge is 228 lb, in 90 seconds.
56.) It is desired to deliver 5 gpm at a head of The jet is observed to pass through a point 2 ft
640 ft in a single stage pump having s specific downward and 4 ft away from vena contrata.
speed not to exceed 40. If the speed is not to Coefficient of velocity.
exceed 1352 rpm, how many stages are A. O.786 C. 0.567
required? B. 0.685 D. 0.345
A. 3 C. 5 B
B. 4 D. 2
D 62.) A jet of water is discharge through a 1 –
inch diameter orifice under constant head of
57.) A centrifugal pump discharge 20 L/s against 2.1 ft total discharge is 228 lb, in 90 seconds.
a head of 17 m when the speed is 1500 rpm. The jet is observed to pass through a point 2 ft
The diameter of the impeller was 30 c, and the downward and 4 ft away from vena contrata.
brake horsepower was 6.0. A geometrically Coefficient of velocity.
 A. 0.976 C. 0.567 69.) If atmospheric air 14.7 psia and 60°F at sea
B. 0.758 D. 0.845 level, what is the pressure at 12000 ft altitude if
A air is incompressible? Note: @ 60°F; the density
of air is 0.0763 lbm/ft3 ; P1 = 14.7 psia
63.) What is the velocity of sound 150°F (66°C) A. 5.467 psia C. 8.342 psia
air at a standard pressure? Note: density of air B. 9.345 psia D. 2.346 psia
@ 150°F is 0.064 lbm/ft3. C
A. 1215 ft/s C. 2345 ft/s
B. 3245 ft/s D. 4321 ft/s 70.) If atmospheric air 14.7 psia and 60°F at sea
A level, what is the pressure at 12000 ft altitude if
air is compressible? Note @ 60°F; the density of
64.) Ideal Oxygen is throttled at 140°F from 10 air is 0.0763 lbm/ft3 ; P1 = 14.7 psia
atm to 5 atm. What is the temperature change? A. 5.467 psia C. 8.342 psia
A. 0 C. infinity B. 9.53 psia D. 2.346 psia
B. Negative D. 1 B
A

65.) A duct 0.40 m high and 0.80 wide

suspended from the ceiling in a corridor, makes
a right angle turn in the horizontal plane. The
inner radius is 0.2 m and the outer radius is 1.0
m measured from the same center. The velocity
of air in the duct is 10 m/s. compute the
pressure drop in this elbow. Assuming; f = 0.3, ρ
= 1.204 kg/m3 and L = 10 m.
A. 341 Pa C. 143 Pa
B. 441 Pa D. 144 Pa 71.) A two-pass surface condenser is to be
A designed using overall heat transfer coefficient
of 480 BTU/°F lbm/ft2 of outside tube surface.
66.) To what weight will 68°F ethyl alcohol rise The tubes are to be 1 inch outside diameter
in a 0.005 inch internal diameter glass capillary with 1/16 in walls (or 7/8 in. inside diameter).
tube? The density of alcohol is 49 lbm/ft 3. Entering circulating water velocity is to be 6 ft/s.
Where: β = 0° = angle of contact angle and steam enters the condenser at a rate of 100,000
surface tension σ = 0.00156 lbm/ft @ 68°F. lb/hr at a pressure of one psia and an enthalpy
A. 0.3056 ft C. 0.4312 ft of 1090 Btu/lb. condensate leaves at saturated
B. 0.2504 ft D. 0.2432 ft liquid at one psia. Circulating water enters the
A condensate at 85 deg. F and leaves at 95 deg. F.
Note: 1 psia condensate has temperature of
101.7 deg. F. wet steam entering becomes
67.) What is the velocity of sound in 150°F condensate at 101.7 deg. F with hf = 69.72
(66°C) air at a standard pressure? Note: density Btu/lb. calculate the total number of tubes to
of air @ 150°F is 0.064 lbm/ft3. be used in each passes.
A. 1295 ft/s C. 2345 ft/s A. 18,200 tubes C. 10,450 tubes
B. 3245 ft/s D. 1096 ft/s B. 15,400 tubes D. 11,456 tubes
A A

68.) What is the pressure 8000 ft below the 72.) Determine the approximate load on a
water surface of the ocean? Neglect cooling tower if the entering and leaving
compressibility. temperatures are 96°F and 88°F, respectively
A. 512,000 psf C. 157,000 psf and the flow rate of the water over the tower is
B. 324,500 psf D. 213,000 psf 30 gpm.
A A. 2500 Btu/min C. 3000 Btu/min
B. 2000 Btu/min D. 3500 Btu/min
 B 79.) A vertical furnace wall is made up of an
inner wall of firebrick 20 cm thick followed by
73.) Determine the quantity of water lost by insulating brick 15 cm thick and an outer wall of
bleed off if the water flow rate over the tower steel 1 cm thick. The surface temperature of the
30 gpm and the range is 10°F. Percent bleed-off wall adjacent to the combustion chamber is
requires 33%. 1200°C while that of the outer surface of steel is
A. 0.077 gpm C. 0.099 gpm 50°C. The thermal conductivities of the wall
B. 0.088 gpm D. 0.066 gpm material in W/m-K are; firebrick, 10; insulating
C brick, 0.26; and steel, 45. Neglecting the film
resistance and contact resistance of joints,
74.) How many tons of refrigeration is required determine the heat loss per sq.m. Of the wall
to produce 10 metric tons of ice per day at - area.
10°C from raw water at 22°C if miscellaneous A. 1.93 W/m2 C. 1.55 W/m2
losses are 15% of the chilling and freezing load? B. 2.93 W/m2 D. 2.55 W/m2
A. 17 TOR C. 15 TOR A
B. 20 TOR D. 24 TOR
A 80 A composite wall is made up of an external
thickness of brickwork 110 mm thick inside
which is a layer of fiberglass 75 mm thick. The
75.) Refrigeration is 2 m high, 1.2 m wide and 1 fiberglass is faced internally by an insulating
m deep. The over-all heat transfer coefficient is board 25 mm thick. The coefficients of thermal
o.532 W/m2 °C. how many kilograms of 0°C ice conductivity for the three are as follows:
will melt per hour if the inside temperature is Brickwork 1.5 W/m-K
maintained at 10°C while the surrounding air Fiberglass 0.04 W/m-K
temperature is at 35°C? Insulating board 0.06 W/m-k
A. 1.60 kg C. 2.60 kg 81.) The surface transfer coefficient of the
B. 1.80 kg D. 2.80 kg inside wall is 3.1 W/m2-K while that of the
A outside wall is 2.5 W/m2-K. Take the internal
ambient temperature as 10°C and the external
76.) Determine the heat extracted from 2000 kg temperature is 27°C. Determine the heat loss
of water from 25°C to ice -10°C. through such wall 6 m high and 10 m long.
A. 621,150 kJ C. 821,150 kJ A. 330.10 W C. 430.10 W
B. 721,150 kJ D. 921,150 kJ B. 230.10 W D. 530.10 W
D A

77.) How many independent properties are

required to completely fix the equilibrium state 82.) One insulated wall of a cold-storage
of a pure gaseous compound? compartment is 8 m long by 2.5 m high and
A. 1 C. 2 consist of an outer steel plate 18 mm thick. An
B. 3 D. 4 inner wood wall 22.5 mm thick, the steel and
C wood are 90 mm apart to form a cavity which is
filled with cork. If the temperature drop across
78.) Calculate the heat transfer per hour the extreme faces of the composite wall is 15°C.
through a solid brick wall 6 m long, 2.9 m high, Calculate the heat transfer per hour through
and 225 mm thick, when the outer surface is at the wall and the temperature drop across the
5°C and the inner surface at 17°C, the thickness of the cork. Take the coefficients of
coefficient of thermal conductivity of the brick thermal conductivity for steel, cork and wood as
being 0.6 W/m-K. 45, 0.045, and 0.18 W/m-K respectively.
A. 2,004.48 kJ C. 2,400.48 kJ A. 408.24 kJ, 12.12°C C. 608.24 kJ,
B. 3,004.48 kJ D. 3,400.48 kJ 13.12°C
A B. 708.24 kJ, 11.12°C D. 508.24 kJ,
14.12°C
D
83.) One side of refrigerated cold chamber is 6
m long by 3.7 m high and consist 168 mm
thickness of cork between outer and inner walls
of wood. The outer wood wall is 30 mm thick
and its outside face temperature is 20°C, the 87.) An insulated steam pipe located where the
inner wood wall 35 mm thick and its inside face ambient temperature is 32°C, has an inside
temperature is -3°C. taking the coefficient of diameter of 50 mm with 10 mm thick wall. The
thermal conductivity of cork and wood 0.42 and outside diameter of the corrugated asbestos
0.20 W/m-k respectively, calculate the heat insulation is 125 mm and the surface coefficient
transfer per second per sq. m of surface area. of still air is, ho = 12 W/m2-K. Inside the pipe is
A. 5.138 J C. 6.318 J steam having a temperature of 150°C with film
B. 4.138 J D. 3.318 J coefficient hi = 6000 W/m2-K. Thermal
B conductivity of pipe and asbestos insulation are
45 and 0.12 W/m2-K respectively. Determine
84.) Hot gases at 280°C flow on one side of a the heat loss per unit length of pipe.
metal of 10mm thickness and air at 35°C flows A. 110 W C. 130 W
on the other side. The heat transfer coefficient B. 120 W D. 140 W
of the gasses is 31.5 W/m 2-K and that of the air B
is 32 W/m2-K. Calculate the over-all transfer 88.) How many watts will be radiated from s
coefficient. spherical black body 15 cm diameter at a
A. 15.82 W/m2-K C. 14.82 W/m2-K temperature of 800°C?
B. 16.82 W/m2-K D. 17.82 W/m2-K A. 5.34 kW C. 6.34 kW
A B. 4.34 kW D. 3.34 kW
A
85.) The surface temperature of the hot side of 89.) A wall with an area of 10 m 2 cm thickness
the furnace wall is 1200°C.it is desired to of white pine (k = 0.113 W/m°C) followed by 10
maintain the outside of the wall at 38°C. A 152 cm of brick (k = 0.649°C W/m°C). The pine is on
mm of refractory silica is used adjacent to the the inside where the temperature is 10°C.
combustion chamber and 10 mm of steel covers Assuming equilibrium conditions exist, what is
the outside. What thickness of insulating brick is the temperature at the interface between the
necessary between refractory and steel, if the two metals?
heat loss should be kept at 788 W/m 2, and 45 A. 15.65°C C. 18.21°C
for steel. B. 17.64°C D. 19.31°C
A. 220 mm C. 260 mm D
B. 240 mm D. 280 mm
A 90.) A counter flow heat exchanger is designed
to heat fuel oil from 45°C to 100°C while the
86.) A hollow sphere has an outside radius of 1 heating fluid enters at 150°Cvand leaves at
m and is made of polystyrene foam with a 115°C. Calculate the arithmetic mean
thickness of 1 cm. a heat source inside keeps temperature difference?
the inner surface 5.20°C hotter than the outside A. 40°C C. 60°C
surface? The thermal conductivity of B. 50°C D. 70°C
polystyrene foam is 0.033 W/m°C. C
A. 200 W C. 300 W
B. 216 W D. 316 W
B 91.) The journals of a shaft are 380 mm
diameter, it runs at 105 rpm and the coefficient
of friction between journals and bearings is
0.02. If the average load on the bearing is 200
KN, find the heat generated per minute at the
bearing?
A. 501.375 kJ C. 401.375 kJ
 B. 505.575 kJ D. 501.575 kJ cubical day tank in cm3, ambient temperature is
A 45°C.
A. 4,372,890 cm3 C. 5,291,880 cm3
92.) The flow energy of 124 liters per minute of B. 5,987,909 cm3 D. 7,352,789 cm3
a fluid passing a boundary to a system is 108.5 A
kJ/min. determine the pressure at this point.
A. 875 kPa C. 975 kPa 98.) A typical industrial fuel oil, C 16H32 with 20%
B. 675 kPa D. 575 kPa excess air by weight. Assuming complete
A oxidation of the fuel, calculate the actual air-
fuel ratio by weight.
93.) Work done by a substance in reversible non A. 17.56 kgair/kgfuel C. 16.75
flow manner in accordance with V = 100/P ft 3, kgair/kgfuel
where P is in psia. Evaluate the work done on or B. 15.76 kgair/kgfuel D. 17.65
by the substance as the pressure increases from kgair/kgfuel
10 psia to 100 psia. A
A. 33,157.22 ft-lb C. 43,157.22 ft-lb 99.) A pipe with an outside diameter of 2.5 in. is
B. -33,157.22 ft-lb D. -43,157.22 ft-lb insulated with a 2 in layer of asbestos (ka =
B 0.396 Btu/in./hr-ft2-°F). If the temperature of
cork 1.5 in. thick (kc = 0.30 Btu/in./hr-ft2-°F). If
94.) Calculate the change in enthalpy as 1 kg of the temperature of the outer surface of the
nitrogen is heated from 1000 K to 1500 K, cork is 90°F, calculate the heat loss per 100 ft of
assuming the nitrogen is an ideal gas at a insulated pipe.
constant pressure. The temperature dependent A. 847.64 Btu/hr C. 2847.42 Btu/hr
specific heat of nitrogen is Cp = 39.06 – 512.79 B. 3847.51 Btu/hr D. 1847.14 Btu/hr
T1.5 + 1072.7 T2 – 820.4T3 where Cp is in kJ/kg- C
mol, T is in K.
A. 600 kJ C. 800 kJ 100.) A superheater steam rankine cycle has
B. 697.27 kJ D. 897.27 kJ turbine inlet conditions of 17.5 Mpa and 530 C
B expands in a turbine to 0.007 Mpa. The turbine
and pump polytropic efficiencies are 0.85 and
95.) One kilogram of wet steam at a pressure of
8 bar (Vg = 0.2404 m3/kg, vf = 0.0011148 m3/kg) 0.75 respectively, pressure losses between
and dryness 0.94 is expanded until the pressure pump and turbine inlet are 1.5 Mpa. What
is 4 bar (vg = 0.4625 m 3/kg, vf = 0.0010836 m3). should be the pump work in KJ/kg
If the expansion follows the law PV n = C, where
n =1.12, find the dryness fraction of the steam a. 17.34 b. 27.32
at the lower pressure.
A. 0.9072 C. 0.2260 c.25.32 d. 47.33
B. 0.4197 D. 0.2404
C
C
96.) Wet saturated steam at 16 bar (h f = 859
1.) The refrigerant volume flow rate at
kJ/kg , hg = 1935 kJ/kg) reducing valve and is
throttled to a pressure of 8 bar (hr = 721 kJ/kg, entrance at the entrance of compressor were
hfg = 2048 kJ/kg). Find the dryness fraction of obtained from a test on a twin cylinder, single
the reduces pressure steam. acting 15 cm x 20 cm, 320 rpm compressor
A. 0.8833 C. 0.9933 ammonia refrigerating plant to be 33 L/s.
B. 0.7733 D. 0.6633 Determine the volumetric efficiency of the
C compressor.

97.) A 650 BHP diesel engine uses fuel oil of A. 77.65 %

28°API gravity, fuel consumption is 0.65 lb/BHP-
hr. cost of fuel is P 7.95 per liter. For continuous 2.) A twin cylinder ammonia compressor with
operation, determine the minimum volume of volume displacement of 14,726 cm3 operates at
300 rpm. Condenser and evaporator pressure A. 36.28 lb/hr
are 1200 kPa and 227 kPa respectively. Specific
volume of refrigerant at the entrance of B. 37.28 lb/hr
compressor is 528.26 L/kg. Compression C. 37.28 lb/hr
process is polytropic with n = 1.2 and clearance
factor of compressor is 2 percent. Determine D. 35.30 lb/hr
horsepower required.
8.) The thermal efficiency of a carnot cycle
A. 80 hp operating between 170 0C and 620 0C to:

3.) Three thousand cubic feet per minute of air A. 50%

are circulated over an air-cooled condenser. If
9.) Compute the humidity ratio of air at 70%
the load on the condenser is 64,800 Btu/hr,
relative humidity and 25 0C when the
compute the temperature rise of the air passing
barometric pressure is 101.325 kPa. From
over the condenser. Specific volume of standard
steam tables: Psat 34 0C = 3.169 kPa.
air (13.34 ft3/lb).
A. 0.014 kg water vapor/kg dry air
A. 20 0F
10.) A pressure gage registers 50 psig in a region
4.) A reversed Carnot cycle has a refrigerating
where the barometer reads 14.8 psia. Find the
COP of 2.5. Determine the ratio TH/TL?
absolute pressure in kPa.
A. 1.4
A. 446.66 kPa
0
5.) Saturated vapor ammonia at -16 C (h7 =
`
1442.60 kJ/kg) leaves the evaporator and enters
the compressor at -6 0C (h1 = 1465 kJ/kg). The 11.) Consider 1 kg of air at 32 0C that expanded
refrigerant leaves the condenser as saturated by a reversible polytropic process with n = 1.25
liquid at 40 0C (h4 = 390.6 kJ/kg). Heat rejected until the pressure is halved: Determine the heat
from the condenser amount to 50 kW. The work transfer. Specific heat at constant volume for air
to compressor is 208 kJ/kg, while the heat loss is 0.1786 kJ/kg.K.
from compressor is 33 kJ/kg. If 9.5 kJ/kg of heat
are lost in the piping between the compressor A. 17.02 kJ added
discharge and condenser inlet, determine the
12.) Fifty kilograms of cooling water per second
refrigerating capacity of the system.
enter the condenser at 25 0C and leaves at 50
0
A. 49.5 TR C. Find the heat carried away by water.

6.) A 35.0 mL sample of gas is enclosed in a flask A. 1234.45 kW

at 22 degrees Celsius. If the flask was placed in
B. 5233.75kW
an ice bath at 0 degrees Celsius, what would the
new gas volume be if the pressure is held C. 2340.52 kW
constant?
D. 3140.25 kW
A. 32.39 ml
13.) Ten kilograms per second of steam enter
7.) A car engine with a power output of 65 hp the turbine with an enthalpy of 3200 kJ/kg and
has a thermal efficiency of 24%. Determine the enter the condenser with an enthalpy of 2500
fuel consumption rate of this car if the fuel has kJ/kg in Rankine cycle. If the turbine efficiency is
heating value of 19,000 Btu/lbm.
80% and the generator efficiency is 90%, 19.) Find the work process for a Helium gas at
determine the power plant output. 20 0C

A. 4320 kW A. 609 kJ/kg

B. 3213 kW 20.) Two kilogram of gas is confined in a 1m3

tank at 200 kPa and 88 0C. What type of gas is in
C. 4056 kW the tank?
D. 5040 kW A. Ethane
14.) Determine the quality of steam in a vessel 21.) Find the enthalpy of Helium if its internal
containing 2 kg of saturated vapor and 8 kg of energy is 200kJ/kg
saturated liquid.
A. 333.42 kJ/kg
A. 20%

15.) The condenser of reheat power plant

rejects heat at the rate of 500 kW. The mass 22.) Compute the mass of a 2 m3 propane at
flow rate of cooling water is 5 kg/s and the inlet 280 kpa and 40 0C.
cooling water temperature is 35 0C. Calculate
the condenser cooling water exit temperature. A. 9.47 kg

A. 63.66 0C 23.) Compute the air flow in ft3/min of

mechanical ventilation required to exhaust an
16.) One kilogram of air is compressed accumulation of refrigerant due to leaks of the
adiabatically and in a steady-flow manner. The system capable of revolving air from the
compression efficiency is 80% and the work machinery room for a mass of 4lbs refrigerant.
done on the air is 265kJ/kg. Compute the heat.
A. 200
A. 0 kJ/kg
24.) Compute the free aperture cross section in
17.) Three-hundred kilojoules of heat flow by m2 for the ventilation of a machinery room if
conduction from the outside to the inside of a the mass of refrigerant IS 9 KG.
cold storage in one hour. If the temperature
and all other conditions are the same, what is A. 0.414
the heat flowing through the cold storage room 25.) A 29.53” X 39.37” pressure vessel contains
in two hours? ammonia with f=0.041. Compute the minimum
A. 600 kJ required discharge capacity of the relief device
in kg/hr.
18.) Determine the specific weight of air at 760
mmHg absolute and 22 0C? A. 110.71 kg/hr

A. 3.517 kW 26.) Compute the maximum length of the

discharge pipe installed on the outlet of a
B. 12,000 kW pressure-relief device in feet for internal pipe
diameter of 0.5 in and rated discharge
C. 211 kJ/min capacityis 8 lb/min of air. The rated pressure of
D. All of the above relief valve is 16 psig.

A. 0.286 ft
27.) A thermal power plant has a heat rate of 36.) Find the mass of carbon dioxide having a
11, 363 Btu/kW-hr, Find the thermal efficiency pressure of 20 psia at 200F with 10 ft3 volume.
of the plant.
A. 1.24 lbs
A. 30%
37.) Find the heat needed to raise the
28.) What is the hydraulic gradient of a 1 mile, temperature of water from 30C to 100 C with
17 inches inside diameter pipe when 3300 60% quality. Consider an atmospheric pressure
gal/min of water flow with f = 0.03 of 101.325 kpa. Use the approximate enthalpy
formula of liquid.
A. 0.00714
A. 1,647.29 kJ/kg
29.) Find the loss of head in the pipe entrance if
speed of flow is 10 m/s. 38.) Find the enthalpy of water at 212F and 14.7
psi if the dryness factor is 30%. Use the
A. 2.55 approximate enthalpy formula of liquid
30.) Wet material, containing 220% moisture A. 471 Btu/lb
( dry basis ) s to be dried at the rate of 1.5 kg/s
in a continuous dryer to give a product 39.) An air compressor consumed 1200 kW-hr
containing 10% (dry basis). Find the moisture per day of energy. The electric motor driving
removed in kg/hr the compressor has an efficiency of 80%. If
indicated power of the compressor is 34 kW,
A. 3543.75 kg/hr Find the mechanical efficiency of the
31.) Copra enters a dryer containing 70% compressor.
moisture and leaves at 7% moisture. Find the A. 85%
moisture removed on each pound of solid in
final product. 40.) A refrigeration system consumed 28,300
kW-hr per month of energy. There are 20% of
A. 2.258 lb energy is lodt due to cooling system of the
32.) A 1 m x 1.5 m cylindrical tank is full of oil compressor and motor efficiency is 90%. If COP
with S.G = 0.92. Find the force acting at the pf the system is 6, Find the tons of refrigeration
bottom of the tank in dynes. of the system.

A. 106.33 x 10^6 dynes A. 49.15%

33.) Find the pressure at the 100 fathom depth 41.) A 23 tons of refrigeration system has a heat
of water in kpag. rejected of 1ookW. Find the energy efficiency
ratio of the system.
A. 1,793.96 kpag
A. 14.42
34.) Find the depth in furlong of the ocean (S.G
= 1.03) if the pressure at the sea bed is 2,032.56 42.) A 200 mm X 250 mm, 8 cylinder, 4-stroke
kpag. diesel engine has a brake power of 150kW. The
mechanical efficiency is 80%. If two of the
A. 1 cylinders were accidentally cut off, what will be
the new friction power?
35.) Find the mass of 10 quartz of water.
A. 37.50 kW
A. 9.46 kg
43.) If the efficiency ratio of the refrigeration 52.) A 3-stages air compressor compresses air
system is 12.6, what is the COP of the system? from 1oo kPa to 700 kPa. Find the intercooler
pressure between the 2nd and 3rd stage
A. 3.69
A. 365.88 kW
44.) An air compressor has a power of 40 kW at
4% clearance. If clearance will increase to 7%, 53.) Carnot cycle A, B and C are connected in
what is the new power? series so that the heat rejected from A will be
the heat added to B and heat rejected from B
A. 40 kW will be added to C. Each cycle oprates between
45.) What is the approximate value of 30⁰C and 400⁰C. If heat added to A is 1000kW,
temperature of water having enthalpy of 208 find the work output of C.
Btu/lb? A. 111.44 kW
A. 115.55⁰C 54.) a ton of refrigeration system has a heat
46.) Convert 750⁰R to ⁰K rejected of 100 kw. Find the energy efficiency
ratio of the system.
A. 416.33⁰K
A. 14.42
47.) An otto cycle has a compression ratio of 8.
Find the pressure ratio during compression. 55.) 200mm x 250 mm, 8 cylinder, 4 stroke
diesel engine has a brake power of 150 kw. The
A. 18.38 mechanical efficiency is 80 %. If two of the
cylinders were accidentally cut off, what will be
48.) A diesel cycle has a cut off ratio of 2.5 and
the new friction power?
expansion ratio of 4. Find the clearance of the
cycle. d. 37.50

A. 11.11% 56.) if the energy efficiency ratio of the

refrigeration system is 12.6, what is the COP of
49.) A dual cycle has an initial temperature of
the system?
30C. The compression ratio is 6 and heat
addition at constant volume process is 600 A. 3.69
Kj/kg. If cut-off ratio is 2.5, Find the maximum
temperature of the cycle. 57.) an air compressor has a power of 40 kw at
4 % clearance. If clearance will increase to 7 %,
A. 3365.50⁰C what is the new power?

50.) A three stages air compressor compresses A. 40 kw

air from 100kPa to 1000 kPa. Find the
intercooler pressure between the first and 58.) what is the approximate value of
second stage. temperature of water having enthalpy of 208
BTU/lb
A. 215.44 kPa
b. 115.55c
51.) A 10-stages air compressor compresses air
from 100 kPa to 800 kPa. Find the intercooler 59.) convert 750 R to K
pressure between the first and second stage. A. d. 416.33 k
A. 123.11 kPa
60.) an otto cycle has a compression ratio of 8. a. 282.84
Find the pressure ratio during compression
b.113.21
a. 18.38
c.123.11
b. 16.38
d.333.51
c. 14.38
65.) a 3-stage air compressor compresses air
d. 12.38 from 100 to 700 kpa. Find the intercooler
pressure between the 2nd and 3rd stage
61.) a diesel cycle has a cut-off ratio of 2.5 and
expansion of 4. Find the clearance of the cycle a. 365.88 kpa

a. 9.11% 66.) carnot cycle a, b, c are connected in series

so that the heat rejected from a will be the heat
b.5.55% added to b an heat rejected from b to c . each
c. 11.11% cycle between 30 and 400 c. if heat added to a
is 1000 kw find the work output.
d. 15.15%
a. 111.44 kw
62.) A dual cycle has an intial temperature of 30
c. the compression ratio is 6 and the heat 67.) air compressed adiabatically from 30 to 100
addition at constant volume process is 600 c. if mass of air being compressed is 5 kg . find
kj/kg. if cut-off ratio is 2.5. find the maximum the change of entropy
temperature of the cycle c. 0 kj/kg
b.3365.50 68.) two kilogram of air in a rigid tank changes
its temperature from 32 to 150 c. find the work
done during the process.

c. 195

69.) determine the atmospheric pressure at a

location where barometric reading is 740 mmhg
and gravitational acceleration is g=9.7 m/s2.
63.) a three stage air compressor compresses
Assume the temperature of mercury to be 10 c,
air from 100 kpa to 1000 kpa. Find the
at which the density is 13570 kg/m3.
intercooler pressure between the first stage and
second stage. b. 97.41 kpa

a. 505.44 kpa 70.) the barometer of a mountain hiker reads

930 mbars at the beginning of a hiking trip and
b.108.44 kpa
780 mbars at the end. Neglecting the effect of
c. 316.23 kpa altitude on local gravitational acceleration,
determine the vertical distance climbed.
d.215.44 kpa
Assume g=9.7 m/s2
64.) a 10 stage air compressor air from 100 to
800 kpa. Find the intercooler pressure between b. 1289.00 m
1st and 2nd stage.
71.) the lower half of a 10 m high cylindrical 76.) a tank contains 90 ft3 of air at a pressure of
container is filled with water and the upper half 350 psig; if air is cooled until its pressure and
with oil that has SG=0.85. determine the temperature decreases to 200 psig and 70 F
pressure difference between the top and respectively, what is the decrease in internal
bottom of the cylinder. energy?

a. 90.74 kpa d. -6232.09 BTU

72.) an ideal gas at 0.80 atmospheric and 87 c 77.) a large mining company was provided with
occupies 0.450 liters. How many moles are in a 3 m3 of compresed air tank. Air pressure in
the sample? the tank drops from 700 kpa to 150 kpa while
the temperature remains constant at 28 c. what
(R=0.0821 lit-atm/mole-k) percentage has the mass of air in the tank been
c.0.0122 mol reduced?

d. 78.57

78.) a 4 m3/ hr pump delivers water to a

pressure tank. At a start, the gage reads 138 kpa
until it reads 276 kpa and then the pump was
shut off. The volume of the tank is 180 lit. at
73.) a certain gas at 101.325 kpa and 10 c
276 kpa the water occupied 2/3 of the tank
whose volume is 2.83 m3 are compressed into a
volume. Determine the volume of water that
storage vessel of 0.31 kpa capacity. Before
can be taken out until the gage reads 138 kpa.
admission, the storage vessel contained the gas
and temperature of 037.8 kpa and 26 c after b. 34.59 lit
admission the pressure has increased to 1171.8
kpa. What should be the final temperature of 79.) a refrigeration plant is rated at 15 tons
the gas in the vessel in Kelvin? capacity. How many pounds of air per hour will
it cool from 70 to 90 F at constant pressure.
d. 314.2
b. 37500 lb/hr
74.) a perfect gas has a value of R = 58.8
ft-lb/lb-R and k = 1.26. if 20 BTU are added to 10 80.) an air standard engine has a compression
lbs of this gas at constant volume when initial ratio of 18 and a cut-off ratio of 4. If the intake
temperature is 90 F, find the final temperature. air pressure and temperature are 100 kpa and
27 kpa, find the work in KJ per kg.
a. 97 F
d. 2751
75.) ammonia weighing 22 kgs is confirmed
inside a cylinder equipped with a piston has an 81.) determine the air standard efficiency of an
initial pressure of 413 kpa at 38 c. if 3200 KJ of engine operating on the diesel cycle with
heat is added to the ammonia until its final clearance of 6 % when the suction pressure is
pressure and temperature are 413 kpa and 100 99.97 kpa and the fuel is injected for 7 % of the
c, respectively. What is the amount of work by stroke. Assume k=1.4
the fluid in KJ? a. 62.11 %
a. 567
82.) steam at 2 mpa and 250 c in a rigid cylinder calorimeter pressure is 101.4 kpa.How much
is cooled until the quality is 30 %. Find the heat moisture does the steam leaving the boiler
rejected from the cylinder contain if the temperature of the steam at the
calorimeter is 115.6 c?
c. -1285.02 kj/kg
b. 3.08 %
83.) at 1.3 mpa and 250 c in a rigid cylinder is
cooled until the quality is 40 % . find the heat 89.) a throttling calorimeter is connected to the
rejected from the cylinder desuperheated steam line supplying steam to
the auxillary feed pump on a ship. The line
d. 1162.40 kj / kg pressure measures 2.5 Mpa. The calorimeter
pressure is 110 kpa and 150c. determine the
entropy of the steam line.

b. 6.2 kj /kg-k
84.) mixture with 70 % quality at 500 kpa is
heated until its pressure is 300 kpa. Find the 90.) atmospheric pressure boils at 212 F. at the
heat added during the process vacuum pressure at 24 in hg, the temperature is
142 F. find the boiling temperature when the
a. 745.92 kj/kg pressure is increased by 40 psia from
atmospheric
85.) a tank contains exactly one kilogram of
water consisting of liquid and vapor in a. 449.42F
equilibrium at 1 Mpa. If the liquid contains one-
third and the remaining is vapor of the volume 91.) determine the amount of oxygen if the
of the tank, what is the enthalpy of the contents heating value of fuel is 26961.45 kj /kg
of the tank? d. 4.5 %
c. 785.92 kj/kg 92.) a diesel engine consumed 945 lit of fuel per
86.) water substance at 70 bars and 65 c enters day at 35 c . if the fuel was purchased at 15.5 c
a boiler tube of constant inside diameter of 25 and 30 API at P29.00 / li determine the cost of
mm. the water leaves the boiler tube at 50 bars fuel operate the engine per day
and 700 k at velocity 150 m/s. calculate the d. P27127.76
inlet velocity (m/s)
93.) a cylindrical tank 4m and 3m diameter is
b. 2.51 used for oil storage. How many days can the
87.) water substance at 70 bar and 65 c enters a tank supply the engine having 27 API with fuel
boiler tube of constant inside diameter of 35 consumption of 60 kg/hr
mm . the water leaves the boiler tube at 50 bar a. 17.53
and 700 k at velocity of 100 m/s. calculate the
inlet volume flow ( li/s) 94.)a logging firm in Isabella operates a diesel
electric palnt to supply its electric energy
d.1.609 requirements. During a 24 hour period, the
88.) steam leaves an industrial boiler at plant consumed 250 gallons of fuel at 80 F and
827.4kpa and 171.6 c. a portion of the steam is produced 2900 kw-hrs. industrial fuel used is 30
passed through a throttling calorimeter and is API and was purchased at 30.00/ li at 60 F.
exhausted to the atmosphere when the
determine the overall thermal efficiency of the 98.) a volumetric analysis of a gas mixture as
plant follows

c. 28.00 % CO2 :12%

O2: 4%

95.) the dry exhaust gas from oil engine has the N2: 80%
following gravimetric analysis
CO: 4%
CO2=21.6 % O2=4.2% N2=74.2%
What is the percentage of CO2 on a mass basis
Specific heats at constant pressure for each
componenet of the exhaust gas in Kcal/ kg c are a. 17.55 %

CO2 =0.203 99.) a impulse wheel at best produces 125 hp

under a head of 210 ft. by what percent should
O2=0.219 be increased for 290 ft head?

N2=0.248 a. 82.5 %

Calculate the specific gravity if the molecular 100.) what is the power ratio of a pump and its
weight of air is 28.97 kg/kg mol 1/5 scale model if the ratio of heads is 4 to 1?

c. 1.055 a. 20

96.) a bituminous coal has the following 1) 1 A 15 in. diameter fan operates at
composition 1600 rpm and develops a head of 6 in.
of water and delivers 120 cfm. What
C=71.5% volumetric capacity for geometrically
H=5.0% similar fan that will develop 6 in. of
water at 1300 rpm?
O=7.0 %
181.8 cfm
N=1.3%
2) 2 A radial-flow pump operating at
S=3 % ash 7.6% W=3.4% maximum efficiency at a specific speed
of 2500 is to deliver 260 gpm against a
Determine the theoretical weight of nitrogen in
heat of 129 ft at a rotative speed of
lb/lb of coal
2100 rpm. Find the required number of
b. 7.526 stager (i.e., impellers)

97.) a gaseous fuel mixture has a molal analysis 4 stages

H2=14 % CH4=3% CO=27% 3) 3 How many identical turbines,

operating at 139.0 rpm at 191%
O2=0.6 % CO=24.5 % N2=50.9 % efficiency (specific speed = 5.4), are
needed to exploit a head of 1200 ft and
Determine the air fuel ratio for
a flow of 1660 ft/s.
complete combustion on molal basis
3 turbines
c. 1.233
4) 4 How many poles a should a 60-Hz 82.1 %
generator have, if it is connected to a
turbine operating under a design head 10) A piston positive-displacement pump
of 3000ft with a flow of 82 cfs? Assume (PDP) has 6-in diameter and a 2.5 in
turbine specific speed and efficiency 3 stroke. Its crankshaft rotates at 300
and 84 percent respectively. rpm. Calculate its output at 94 percent
volumetric efficiency.
16-pole
11.53 cfm
5) 5 It is proposed to build a dam in a river
where the flow rate is 10 m3/s and a 11) A centrifugal pump (efficiency 88%) lifts
32m drop in elevation can be achieved water through a total height of 40m
for flow through a turbine. If the from reservoir to discharge. Pumping is
turbine is 82 percent efficient, what through 300 m of 75 mm diameter pipe
maximum power that can be achieved? at the rate of 20 liters/sec. if pipe
Specific gravity of river water is 0.998 friction factor, f=0.025, what
horsepower is required?
2570 kW
32.2 kW
6) 6 What type of turbine delivers 25,000
bhp at 500 rpm under a net head of 12) In order to predict the behavior of a
5350 ft small oil pump, test are to be made on
a model using air, the oil pump is to be
Impulse turbine driven by a 1/20-hp motor a t 1800 rpm
and ¼-hp motor is available to drive the
7) 7 26-Hp pump delivers 475 gpm of air pump at 600 rpm. Using specific
gasoline (γ=42.5 lb/ft3) at 200C with 78% gravity of oil at 0.912 and density of air
efficiency. What pressure rise result constant at 0.076 lb/ft3, what size
across the pump? model should be built?
73.2 psi The model should be 10 times as large
8) 8 A model pump delivering water at as the oil pump
1800F (γ=60.6 lb/ft3 ; ρ=7.54 psia) at 13) A double-overhung impulse-turbine
900 gpm and 2500 rpm begins to installation is to develop 20,000 hp at
cavitate when the inlet pressure and 275 rpm under a net head of 11,000 ft.
velocity are 13 psia and 22 fps. Find the determine the specific speed.
required NPSH of a prototype which is 4
times larger and runs at 1100 rpm. 4.34
63.5 ft
9) 9 The diameter of the discharge pipe is 14) An impulse wheel at best produces 125
8 in and that of the intake pipe is 10 in. hp under a head of 210 ft. by what
the pressure gage at discharge reads 32 percent should the speed be increased
psi, and vacuum gage at the intake for a 290-ft head?
reads 12 in Hg. If the discharge flow 17.5 %
rate = 4.0 ft3/s of water and the brake
horse power is 49.0, find the efficiency. 15) What is the power ratio of a pump and
The intake and the discharge are at the its 1/5 scale model if the ratio of head is
same elevation. 4 to 1?
 200 a. C = 70.5% H = 4.5%
O2 = 6% N2 =
16) The speed of a centrifugal pump is 1.0%
doubled. By what factor does the pump b. S = 3.0 % Ash = 11%
head change? Moisture = 4%
4 22) A stoker fired boiler of 175,000 kg/hr
steaming capacity uses this coal as fuel.
17) A 650 BHP diesel engine uses fuel oil of Calculate the volume of air in m3/hr
280API gravity, fuel consumption is 0.65 with air at 600F (15.60F) and 14.7 psia
lb/BHP-hr. Cost of fuel is P 7.95 per (101.325 kPa) the coal is burned with
liter. For continuous operation, 30% excess air. Boiler efficiency of 70%
determine the minimum volume of and factor of evaporation of 1.10.
cubical day tank in cm3, ambient
temperature is 450C. 212,861.04 m3/hr

5,291,880 cm3 23) A diesel power plant consumed 1m3 of

fuel with 300API at 270C in 24 hrs.
18) A typical industrial fuel oil, C16H32 with Calculate the fuel rate in kg/hr.
20% excess air by weight. Assuming
complete oxidation of the fuel, 36.21
calculate the actual air-fuel ratio by 24) A diesel power plant uses fuel with
weight. heating value of 43,000 kJ/kg. What is
17.65 kgair/kgfuel the density of the fuel at 250C?

19) Fuel oil in a day tank for use of an 970 kg/m3

industrial boiler is tested with 25) A water tube boiler has a capacity of
hydrometer. The hydrometer reading 1000 kg/hr of steam. The factor of
indicates a S.G. = 0.924 when the evaporation is 1.3, boiler rating is 200%,
temperature of the oil in the tank is boiler efficiency is 65%, heating surface
350C. Calculate the higher heating value area is 0.91 m2 per bo. HP, and the
of the fuel. heating value of fuel is 18,400 kCal/kg.
43,852.13 kJ/kg the total coal available in the bunker is
50,000 kg. Determine the no. of hrs to
20) A diesel electric plant supplies energy consume the available fuel.
for Meralco. During a 24 hr period, the
plant consumed at 700 gallons of fuel at 853.36 hrs
280C and produce 3930 kW-hr. 26) Two boilers are operating steadily on
industrial fuel used is 280API and was 91,000 kg of coal contained in a bunker.
purchased at P 5.50 per liter at 15.60C. One boiler is producing 1591 kg of
What should the cost of fuel be produce steam per hour at 1.2 factor of
one kW-hr? evaporation and an efficiency of 65%
1.05 and another boiler produce 136 kg of
steam per hour at 1.15 factor of
21) A certain coal has the following evaporation and an efficiency of 60%.
ultimate analysis: How many hrs will the coal in the
 bunker run the boilers If the heating temperature of the coil is 1300F, find
value of coal is 7,590 kCal/kg? the bypass factor of the coil.

230.80 hrs a. 0.28

27) The heating value of fuel supplied in a b. 1.20

boiler is 40,000 kJ/kg. If the factor of
evaporation is 1.10 and the actual c. 0.82
specific evaporation is 10. What is the d. 0.83
efficiency of the boiler?
33) Compute the pressure drop of 350C al
62.07 % flowing a mean velocity of 5 m/s in a
28) What is the rate of evaporation of a circular sheet-metal duct 400mm in
water tube boiler if the factor of diameter and 25m long. Use a friction
evaporation is 1.10 percent rating of factor, f = 0.04, and ρair = 1.3799 kg/m3.
200% and the heating surface area is 431.22 Pa
250 m2?
34) A 1.5 kg of wet stream at a pressure of
7,817.16 kg/hr 5 bar (h = 640 kJ/kg, h = 2109 kJ/kg)
29) Steam is admitted to the cylinder of an dryness 0.95 is blown into 70 liters of
engine in such manner the average water of 120C (h = 50.4 kJ/kg). Find the
pressure is 120 psi. The diameter of the final enthalpy of the mixture.
piston is 10 in. and the length of stroke 104.80 kJ/kg
is 12 in. What is the Hp of the engine
when it is making 300 rpm? 35) The absolute pressure at a the bottom
of a vertical column of water is 15.5
171.4 Hp psia. What is the height of this column?
30) Steam enters a turbine stage with an 22 in
enthalpy of 3628 kJ/kg at 70 m/s and
leaves the same stage with an enthalpy 36) An oil storage tank contains oil with
of 2846 kJ/kg and a velocity of 124 m/s. specific gravity of 0.88 and depth of 20
Calculate the power if there are 5 kg/s meters. What is the hydrostatic
steam admitted and the turbine pressure at the bottom of the tank in
throttle? kg/cm2?

3883.81 kW 1.76

31) Compute the specific volume of an air- 37) A vertical column of water will be
vapor mixture in cubic meters per supported to what height by standard
kilogram of dry air when the following atmospheric pressure?
conditions prevail: t = 400C, w = 0.015
34 ft
kg/kg, and Pt = 100 kPa.
38) The specific weight of liquid is 60 lb/ft3
0.99 m3/kg
what is the equivalent to kN/m3
32) A coil has an inlet temperature of 700F
9.420
and outlet of 800F. if the mean
39) A cylinder weighs 15 lbf. Its cross 28.6 psia
sectional area is 40 square inches.
When the cylinder stands vertically on 47) A small pump serving as model, when
one end, what pressure does the tested in laboratory using water at 3600
cylinder exert on the floor? rpm, delivered 3.0cfs at a head of 125
ft. if the efficiency of this model pump is
0.258 kPa 84%. Predict the horse power input to
the prototype pump if it is to develop
40) What is the absolute pressure exerted the same head as model pump and the
on the surface of a submarine cruising model pump has a scale ratio of 1:10.
300 ft below the free surface of the Assume the efficiency of the prototype
sea? Assume specific gravity of sea pump 90%.
water is 1.03
4730 hp
148.6 psia
48) Pump at its best efficiency point (BEP)
41) Air enters a nozzle steadily at 2.21 has a capacity of 10,500 gpm while
kg/m3 and 30 m/s. what is the mass developing a head of 60 ft at a rotative
flow rate through the nozzle if the inlet speed of 1450 rpm. What is the specific
area of the nozzle is 80 cm2 speed of the pump?
0.53 kg/s 6892
42) The work required to accelerate an 800- 49) A pump will be installed below the
kg car from rest to 100 km/hr on a level reservoir water surface with a required
road: net positive suction head (NPSHR) of 50
308.6 kJ ft. the barometric pressure is 14.3 psia,
and the vapor pressure is 0.5 psia.
43) Assuming that there are no heat effects Assume friction losses in the intake
and no friction effects, find the speed of piping are 5 ft. find the maximum
a 3220-lbm body after it falls 778 ft from allowable elevation of the pump
rest. relative to the water surface intake to
avoid cavitation.
224 ft/sec
a. 23.2 ft
44) What is the flow rate through a pipe 4 50) Centrifugal pump at best efficiency
inches in diameter carrying water at a (BEP). Assuming the pump
velocity of 11ft/sec? characteristic are head, h = 7m, flow
rate, Q = 19 liters/sec, and rotative
430.84 gpm speed n = 1170 rpm. Find the specific
speed in SI units.
45) The specific weight of a liquid is 58.5 lbf
per cubic foot, what is the specific 0.71
volume of the liquid cm3/g?
51) Calculate the specific volume of an air-
1.0675 cm3/g vapor mixture in cubic meters per
kilogram of dry air when the ff.
46) What is the resulting pressure when
conditions: t=30°C, w=0.015 kg/kg, and
one pound of air at 0.3 psig and 2000F is
Pt =90kpa
heated at constant volume to 8000F?
A. 0.99 m3/kg
52) A coil has an inlet temperature of 60 °F to -10°C in 11 hours. Find the required
and an outlet of 90°F. If the mean plant refrigerating capacity in tons of
temperature of the coil is 110°F. Find refrigeration if the specific heat of fish is
the bypass factor of the coil. 0.7 kCal/kg°C above freezing and 0.30
C. 0.40 kCal/kg°C below freezing point which is
-3°C. The latent heat of freezing is 55.5
53) A rectangular duct has a diameter of kCal/kg.
0.25 m by 1 m. determines of the D. 24.38
equivalent diameter of the duct. 60) The power requirement of Carnot
A. 0.40 m refrigeration in maintaining a low
54) The mass of an outside air at 50°C in an temperature region at 300 K 1.5 kW per
air conditioning unit is 60 kg. Find the ton. Find the heat rejected.
temperature after mixing if the outside C. 5.02 kW
air mixed with 40 kg with recirculated 61) A vapor compression refrigeration
air at 35°C. system is designed to have a capacity of
A. 44°C 150 tons of refrigeration. It produces
55) A creamery must cool 20,000 liters of chilled water from 22°C to 2°C. Its
milk received each day from initial actual coefficient of performance is
temperature at 29°C to a final 5.86 and 35% of the power supplied to
temperature at 2°C in 5 hours. If the compressor is lost in the form of
refrigeration losses amount to 10 friction and cylinder cooling losses.
percent of the ceilling load, what must Determine the condenser cooling water
be the capacity of the refrigeration required for a temperature rise of 10°C.
machine? A. 14.75kg/s
56) Note: specific heat of milk 3.9 kJ/kg-K 62) Determine the heat extracted from
and S.G. = 1.05 2000 kg of water from 25°C to ice at -
A. 38.5 TOR 10°C.
57) How many tons of refrigeration are D. 921,150 kJ
required to produce 10 metric tons of 63) A single acting, twin cylinder, Ammonia
ice per day at -10°C from raw water at compressor with bore equal to stroke is
22°C if miscellaneous losses are 15% of driven by an engine at 250 rpm. The
the chilling and freezing load? machine is installed in a chilling plant to
A. 17 TOR produce 700 kW of refrigeration at -
58) Five hundred kilogram of poultry enters 18°C evaporating temperature. At this
a chiller at 8°C and are frozen and temperature the cooling effect per kg
chilled to a final temperature of -18°C mass is 1160 kJ. The specific volume of
for a storage in 15 hours. The specific vapor entering the compressor is 0.592
heat above and below the freezing are m3 per kilogram. Assume 85%
3.18 kJ/kg-K°C and 1.55 kJ/kg-K°C volumetric efficiency. Determine the
respectively. The latent heat is 246 bore in mm.
kJ/kg and the freezing temperature is - A. 400 mm
5°C. Compute the product load. 64) A cylindrical flash tank mounted with its
B. 2.85 kW axis horizontal is used to separate liquid
59) Fish weighing 11,000 kg with a ammonia from ammonia vapor. The
temperature of 20°C is brought to a ammonia vapor bubbles through the
cold storage and which shall be cooled liquid with 70 m3/min leaving the
 disengaging surface. The disengaging brine cooler. Determine the actual
rate is limited to 60 m/min and the coefficient of performance.
liquid level is to operate with the liquid D. 13.14
level one-third of the diameter from the 71) In an ammonia condensing machine
top. Determine the diameter if the tank (compressor plus condenser) the water
is 1.5 m long. used for condensing is 55°F. Calculate
A. 830 mm the ideal COP.
65) A 150 Hp motor is used to drive a A. 11.875
compressor. If the heat loss from the 72) How much refrigeration capacity is
compressor is 25 kW and the mass flow required to cool 2000 cfm of air from
rate of the refrigerant entering the 85°F to 70°F?
compressor is 0.50 kg/s, determine the A. 2.7 TOR
difference of the enthalpies between 73) Determine the coil face area required to
the inlet and outlet of the compressor. maintain a face velocity of 400 Ft/min if
A. 143.80 kJ/kg the air flow rate over the coil is 2100
66) To cool farm products 300 kg of ice at - Ft3/hr
4.4°C are placed in bunker twenty four C. 5.25 Ft2
hours later the ice have melted into 74) A centrifugal pump discharge 20 L/s
water at 7.2°C. What is the average rate against a head of 17 m when the speed
of cooling provided by the ice in kJ/Hr? is 1500 rpm. The diameter of the
D. 4679.28 kJ/Hr impeller was 30 cm and the brake
67) The load on a water–cooled condenser horsepower was 6.0. A geometrically
is 90,000 Btu/hr. if the quantity of similar pump 40 cm in diameter is to
water circulated through the condenser run at 1750 rpm. Assuming equal
is 15 gpm, determine the temperature efficiencies, what brake horsepower is
rise of the water in the condenser. required?
A. 12°F C. 40.15 HP
68) If the load on a water–cooled 75) A pump delivers 20 cfm of water having
condenser in 150,000 Btu/hr and the a density of 62 lb/ft3. The suction and
temperature rise of the water in the discharge gage reads 5 in. Hg vacuum
condenser is 10°F. What is the quantity and 30 psi respectively. The discharge
of water circulated in gpm? gage is 5 ft above the suction gage. If
A. 30 pump efficiency is 70%, what is the
69) The weight of ammonia circulated in a motor power?
machine is found to be 21.8 lb/hr. if the C. 4.31 Hp
vapor enters the compressor with a 76) Calculate the air power of a fan that
specific volume of 9.6 Ft3/hr, calculate delivers 1200 °F Ft3/hr of air through a
the piston displacement, assuming 80% 1m by 1.5m outlet. Static pressure is
percent volume efficiency. 120 mm WG and the density of air is
A. 261.6 Ft3/hr 1.18
70) A single stage ammonia compressor is B. 25.64 kW
producing 10 tons of refrigeration and 77) The piston displacement of a double
the power consumed is 15 Hp. Suction acting compressor is 0. 358 m3 delivers
pressure is 25 psi, condensing pressure gas from 101.325 kPa and 300 K to 675
is 180 psi. Brine temperature is 20°F off kPa at the rate of 0.166 m3/s at 150
rpm. Value of n for compression and
 expansion is 1.33. Find the compressor to the desired temperature, find the
percent clearance. hourly coal supply and grate area
D. 16.96 needed.
78) Determine the specific speed of a A. 20,500 lb, 500 Ft2
centrifugal pump delivers 7500 gpm 84) A steam is expanded through a nozzle
acting against a total head of 370 ft and and the enthalpy drop per kg of steam
operating at 1000 rpm. from the initial pressure to the final
B. 1027 rpm pressure is 60 kJ. Neglecting the
79) An induced draft fan is used to extract friction, find the velocity of discharge
270000 m3 of flue gas per hour from a and the exit area of the nozzle to pass
boiler furnace. The fan is to deliver at a 0.20 kg/s if the specific volume of the
total pressure of 250 mm water gage. steam at exit is 1.5 m3/kg.
Determine the size of the electric motor D. 346.4 m/s, 866 m2
in kW if a mechanical efficiency of 55% 85) A 60 MW steam Turbine generator
is considered. power plant has a full-load steam rate
D. 334.44 kW of 8 kg/kW-hr. assuming that no-load
80) The fan has a total head of 190 m and steam consumption as 15% of full-load
static pressure of 20 cm WG. If the air steam consumption, compute for the
density is 1.2 kg/m3. What is the hourly steam consumption at 75% load,
velocity of air flowing? in kg/hr.
D. 17.77 m/s A. 37,800 kg/hr
81) The diesel electric plant supplies energy 86) The feed water to a boiler is 92%
for Meralco. During a 24 hr period, the condensate and 8% make-up containing
plant consumed 200 gallons of fuel at 270 ppm solids. What weights of solids
28°C and produced 3930 Kw-hr. enter the boiler per hour at 22,680 kg
industrial fuel is used is 28°API and was per steam evaporation?
purchased at P 5.50 per liter at 15,6°C. A. 0.49 kg solids/hr
What should the cost of fuel be 87) The 1370 diameter steam drum on a
produced one kw-hr? boiler is 2440 mm long has a 250 mm
A. P 1.05 gage glass at mid-drum level. Find the
82) A boiler contains 3.5 tons of water maximum steam generation that could
initially having 40 ppm dissolved solids be cared for by a blow down of half a
after 24 hrs the dissolved solids in the water gauge each 8 hr. shift. Pressure,
water is 2500 ppm. If the feed rate is 17.5 kg/cm2 gage. Sr = 150 PPM, Sb =
875 kg/hr, find the ppm of dissolved 2000 PPM
solids contained in the feed water. B. 550.59 kg/hr
A. 410 ppm 88) Given a horizontal conveyor, 46 m
83) A travelling-grate stoker can burn centers, 175 pounds per hr capacity of
bituminous coal with 10% moisture and handling bituminous coal at 0.5 m/s
10% ash at a rate of 500,000 Btu/hr-Ft2. with 800 kg per m3. Other data as
A boiler with a steam rating of 200,000 follows
lb/hr will be fired with the above fuel a. Flight width and depth 610
having a high heat value of 12,200 mm x 200 mm
Btu/lb. if the boiler efficiency is 80%, b. Quantity of material
and if it takes 1000 BTU to evaporate 0.108 mm3/m
and superheat one pound of feed water
 c. Coefficient of friction elements maximum pressures are 100 kPa and
0.10 500 kPa respectively, and temperature
d. Material coefficient of friction of 20°C and 1000°C?
0.59 A. 31.97 kg/s, 26.88
89) Assume an engineering-type chain with m3/s
sleeve bearing rollers weighing with 95) A hydro-electric power plant consumes
flights, 89.3 kg/m. Calculate the chain 60,000,000 kW-hr per year. What is the
pull in kg net if the expected flow is 1500 m3/min
D. 3166.46 and over-all efficiency is 63%?
90) Air is drawn into a gas turbine working C. 44.33 m
on the constant pressure cycle at 1 bar 96) A pelton type turbine has a gross head
21°C and compressed to 5.7 bars. The of 40 m and a friction head loss of 6 m.
temperature at the end of heat supply What is the penstock diameter if the
is 680°C. Taking expansion and penstock length is 90 m and the
compression to be adiabatic where Cv = coefficient of friction head loss is 0.0001
0.718 kJ/kg-K, Cp = 1.055 kJ/kg-K, (Morse).
calculate the heat energy supplied per A. 2040 mm
kg at constant pressure. 97) A hydro-electric impulse turbine is
A. 472 kJ/kg directly coupled to a 24 pole, 60 Hz
91) In an air-standard Bryton cycle, the alternator. It has a specific speed of 60
compressor receives air at 101.325 kPa, rpm and develops 3000 Hp. What is the
21°C and it leaves at the rate of 4 kg/s. required diameter assuming a
determine the turbine work if the peripheral speed ratio of 0.45?
temperature of the air entering the 98) The tail water and the headwater of a
turbine is 1000°C hydro-electric power plant are 150 m
C. 2028 kW and 200 m respectively. What is the
92) The net power output of an air- water power if the flow is 15 m3/s and a
standard Brayton cycle is 200 kW. Air head loss of 10% of the gross head?
enters the compressor at 32°C and A. 6,621.75 kW
leaves the high-temperature heat 99) In a hydro-electric plant, water flows at
exchanger at 800°C. What is the mass 10 m/s in a penstock of 1 m2 cross-
flow rate of air if it leaves the turbine at sectional area. If the net head of the
350°C? plant is 30 m and the turbine efficiency
D. 0.87 kg/s is 85%, what is the turbine output?
93) In an air-standard Brayton cycle the A. 2,501.55 kW
inlet temperature and the pressure are 100) A 75 MW power plant has an
20°C and 101.325 kPa. The turbine inlet average load of 35,000 kW and a load
conditions are 1200 kPa and 900°C. factor of 65%. Find the reserve over
Determine the air flow rate if turbines peak.
produce 12 MW. A. 21.15 MW
B. 20.20 kg/s
94) A gas turbine power plant operating on
the Brayton cycle delivers 15 MW to a
standby electric generator. What are
the mass flow rate and the volume flow
rate of air if the minimum and
Calculate the specific volume of an air-vapor the freezing temperature is -5°C. Compute the
mixture in cubic meters per kilogram of dry air product load.
when the ff. conditions: t=30°C, w=0.015 kg/kg,
and Pt =90kpa B. 2.85 kW

A. 0.99 m3/kg Fish weighing 11,000 kg with a temperature of

20°C is brought to a cold storage and which
A coil has an inlet temperature of 60 °F and an shall be cooled to -10°C in 11 hours. Find the
outlet of 90°F. If the mean temperature of the required plant refrigerating capacity in tons of
coil is 110°F. Find the bypass factor of the coil. refrigeration if the specific heat of fish is 0.7
kCal/kg°C above freezing and 0.30 kCal/kg°C
C. 0.40 below freezing point which is -3°C. The latent
A rectangular duct has a diameter of 0.25 m by heat of freezing is 55.5 kCal/kg.
1 m. determines of the equivalent diameter of D. 24.38
the duct.
The power requirement of Carnot refrigeration
A. 0.40 m in maintaining a low temperature region at 300
The mass of an outside air at 50°C in an air K 1.5 kW per ton. Find the heat rejected.
conditioning unit is 60 kg. Find the temperature C. 5.02 kW
after mixing if the outside air mixed with 40 kg
with recirculated air at 35°C. A vapor compression refrigeration system is
designed to have a capacity of 150 tons of
A. 44°C refrigeration. It produces chilled water from
A creamery must cool 20,000 liters of milk 22°C to 2°C. Its actual coefficient of
received each day from initial temperature at performance is 5.86 and 35% of the power
29°C to a final temperature at 2°C in 5 hours. If supplied to the compressor is lost in the form of
refrigeration losses amount to 10 percent of the friction and cylinder cooling losses. Determine
ceilling load, what must be the capacity of the the condenser cooling water required for a
refrigeration machine? temperature rise of 10°C.

Note: specific heat of milk 3.9 kJ/kg-K and S.G. = A. 14.75kg/s

1.05 Determine the heat extracted from 2000 kg of
A. 38.5 TOR water from 25°C to ice at -10°C.

How many tons of refrigeration are required to D. 921,150 kJ

produce 10 metric tons of ice per day at -10°C A single acting, twin cylinder, Ammonia
from raw water at 22°C if miscellaneous losses compressor with bore equal to stroke is driven
are 15% of the chilling and freezing load? by an engine at 250 rpm. The machine is
A. 17 TOR installed in a chilling plant to produce 700 kW of
refrigeration at -18°C evaporating temperature.
Five hundred kilogram of poultry enters a chiller At this temperature the cooling effect per kg
at 8°C and are frozen and chilled to a final mass is 1160 kJ. The specific volume of vapor
temperature of -18°C for a storage in 15 hours. entering the compressor is 0.592 m3 per
The specific heat above and below the freezing kilogram. Assume 85% volumetric efficiency.
are 3.18 kJ/kg-K°C and 1.55 kJ/kg-K°C Determine the bore in mm.
respectively. The latent heat is 246 kJ/kg and
A. 400 mm calculate the piston displacement, assuming
80% percent volume efficiency.
A cylindrical flash tank mounted with its axis
horizontal is used to separate liquid ammonia A. 261.6 Ft3/hr
from ammonia vapor. The ammonia vapor
bubbles through the liquid with 70 m3/min A single stage ammonia compressor is
leaving the disengaging surface. The producing 10 tons of refrigeration and the
disengaging rate is limited to 60 m/min and the power consumed is 15 Hp. Suction pressure is
liquid level is to operate with the liquid level 25 psi, condensing pressure is 180 psi. Brine
one-third of the diameter from the top. temperature is 20°F off brine cooler. Determine
Determine the diameter if the tank is 1.5 m the actual coefficient of performance.
long. D. 13.14
A. 830 mm In an ammonia condensing machine
A 150 Hp motor is used to drive a compressor. If (compressor plus condenser) the water used for
the heat loss from the compressor is 25 kW and condensing is 55°F. Calculate the ideal COP.
the mass flow rate of the refrigerant entering A. 11.875
the compressor is 0.50 kg/s, determine the
difference of the enthalpies between the inlet How much refrigeration capacity is required to
and outlet of the compressor. cool 2000 cfm of air from 85°F to 70°F?

C. 173.80 kJ/kg A. 2.7 TOR

To cool farm products 300 kg of ice at -4.4°C are Determine the coil face area required to
placed in bunker twenty four hours later the ice maintain a face velocity of 400 Ft/min if the air
have melted into water at 7.2°C. What is the flow rate over the coil is 2100 Ft3/hr
average rate of cooling provided by the ice in
C. 5.25 Ft2
kJ/Hr?
A centrifugal pump discharge 20 L/s against a
D. 4679.28 kJ/Hr
head of 17 m when the speed is 1500 rpm. The
The load on a water–cooled condenser is diameter of the impeller was 30 cm and the
90,000 Btu/hr. if the quantity of water brake horsepower was 6.0. A geometrically
circulated through the condenser is 15 gpm, similar pump 40 cm in diameter is to run at
determine the temperature rise of the water in 1750 rpm. Assuming equal efficiencies, what
the condenser. brake horsepower is required?

A. 12°F C. 40.15 HP

If the load on a water–cooled condenser in A pump delivers 20 cfm of water having a

150,000 Btu/hr and the temperature rise of the density of 62 lb/ft3. The suction and discharge
water in the condenser is 10°F. What is the gage reads 5 in. Hg vacuum and 30 psi
quantity of water circulated in gpm? respectively. The discharge gage is 5 ft above
the suction gage. If pump efficiency is 70%,
A. 30 what is the motor power?
The weight of ammonia circulated in a machine C. 4.31 Hp
is found to be 21.8 lb/hr. if the vapor enters the
compressor with a specific volume of 9.6 Ft3/hr,
Calculate the air power of a fan that delivers feed rate is 875 kg/hr, find the ppm of dissolved
1200 °F Ft3/hr of air through a 1m by 1.5m solids contained in the feed water.
outlet. Static pressure is 120 mm WG and the
density of air is 1.18 A. 410 ppm

B. 25.64 kW A travelling-grate stoker can burn bituminous

coal with 10% moisture and 10% ash at a rate of
The piston displacement of a double acting 500,000 Btu/hr-Ft2. A boiler with a steam rating
compressor is 0. 358 m3 delivers gas from of 200,000 lb/hr will be fired with the above
101.325 kPa and 300 K to 675 kPa at the rate of fuel having a high heat value of 12,200 Btu/lb. if
0.166 m3/s at 150 rpm. Value of n for the boiler efficiency is 80%, and if it takes 1000
compression and expansion is 1.33. Find the BTU to evaporate and superheat one pound of
compressor percent clearance. feed water to the desired temperature, find the
hourly coal supply and grate area needed.
D. 16.96
A. 20,500 lb, 500 Ft2
Determine the specific speed of a centrifugal
pump delivers 7500 gpm acting against a total A steam is expanded through a nozzle and the
head of 370 ft and operating at 1000 rpm. enthalpy drop per kg of steam from the initial
pressure to the final pressure is 60 kJ.
B. 1027 rpm Neglecting the friction, find the velocity of
An induced draft fan is used to extract 270000 discharge and the exit area of the nozzle to pass
m3 of flue gas per hour from a boiler furnace. 0.20 kg/s if the specific volume of the steam at
The fan is to deliver at a total pressure of 250 exit is 1.5 m3/kg.
mm water gage. Determine the size of the D. 346.4 m/s, 866 m2
electric motor in kW if a mechanical efficiency
of 55% is considered. A 60 MW steam Turbine generator power plant
has a full-load steam rate of 8 kg/kW-hr.
D. 334.44 kW assuming that no-load steam consumption as
The fan has a total head of 190 m and static 15% of full-load steam consumption, compute
pressure of 20 cm WG. If the air density is 1.2 for the hourly steam consumption at 75% load,
kg/m3. What is the velocity of air flowing? in kg/hr.

D. 17.77 m/s A. 37,800 kg/hr

The diesel electric plant supplies energy for The feed water to a boiler is 92% condensate
Meralco. During a 24 hr period, the plant and 8% make-up containing 270 ppm solids.
consumed 200 gallons of fuel at 28°C and What weights of solids enter the boiler per hour
produced 3930 Kw-hr. industrial fuel is used is at 22,680 kg per steam evaporation?
28°API and was purchased at P 5.50 per liter at A. 0.49 kg solids/hr
15,6°C. What should the cost of fuel be
produced one kw-hr? The 1370 diameter steam drum on a boiler is
2440 mm long has a 250 mm gage glass at mid-
A. P 1.05 drum level. Find the maximum steam
A boiler contains 3.5 tons of water initially generation that could be cared for by a blow
having 40 ppm dissolved solids after 24 hrs the down of half a water gauge each 8 hr. shift.
dissolved solids in the water is 2500 ppm. If the Pressure, 17.5 kg/cm2 gage. Sr = 150 PPM, Sb =
2000 PPM
B. 550.59 kg/hr In an air-standard Brayton cycle the inlet
temperature and the pressure are 20°C and
Given a horizontal conveyor, 46 m centers, 175 101.325 kPa. The turbine inlet conditions are
pounds per hr capacity of handling bituminous 1200 kPa and 900°C. Determine the air flow
coal at 0.5 m/s with 800 kg per m3. Other data rate if turbines produce 12 MW.
as follows
B. 20.20 kg/s
Flight width and depth 610 mm x 200
mm A gas turbine power plant operating on the
Brayton cycle delivers 15 MW to a standby
Quantity of material 0.108 electric generator. What are the mass flow rate
3
mm /m and the volume flow rate of air if the minimum
Coefficient of friction elements 0.10 and maximum pressures are 100 kPa and 500
kPa respectively, and temperature of 20°C and
Material coefficient of friction 0.59 1000°C?

Assume an engineering-type chain with sleeve A. 31.97 kg/s, 26.88 m3/s

bearing rollers weighing with flights, 89.3 kg/m.
Calculate the chain pull in kg A hydro-electric power plant consumes
60,000,000 kW-hr per year. What is the net if
D. 3166.46 the expected flow is 1500 m3/min and over-all
efficiency is 63%?
Air is drawn into a gas turbine working on the
constant pressure cycle at 1 bar 21°C and C. 44.33 m
compressed to 5.7 bars. The temperature at the
end of heat supply is 680°C. Taking expansion A pelton type turbine has a gross head of 40 m
and compression to be adiabatic where Cv = and a friction head loss of 6 m. What is the
0.718 kJ/kg-K, Cp = 1.055 kJ/kg-K, calculate the penstock diameter if the penstock length is 90
heat energy supplied per kg at constant m and the coefficient of friction head loss is
pressure. 0.0001 (Morse).

A. 472 kJ/kg A. 2040 mm

In an air-standard Bryton cycle, the compressor A hydro-electric impulse turbine is directly

receives air at 101.325 kPa, 21°C and it leaves at coupled to a 24 pole, 60 Hz alternator. It has a
the rate of 4 kg/s. determine the turbine work if specific speed of 60 rpm and develops 3000 Hp.
the temperature of the air entering the turbine What is the required diameter assuming a
is 1000°C peripheral speed ratio of 0.45?

C. 2028 kW A. 0.661 m

The net power output of an air-standard The tail water and the headwater of a hydro-
Brayton cycle is 200 kW. Air enters the electric power plant are 150 m and 200 m
compressor at 32°C and leaves the high- respectively. What is the water power if the
temperature heat exchanger at 800°C. What is flow is 15 m3/s and a head loss of 10% of the
the mass flow rate of air if it leaves the turbine gross head?
at 350°C? A. 6,621.75 kW
D. 0.87 kg/s
In a hydro-electric plant, water flows at 10 m/s 1750 rpm. Assuming equal efficiency, what
in a penstock of 1 m2 cross-sectional area. If the brake horsepower is required?
net head of the plant is 30 m and the turbine
efficiency is 85%, what is the turbine output? C. 40.15 Hp

A. 2,501.55 kW A condensate pump at sea level takes water

from a surface condenser where the vacuum is
A 75 MW power plant has an average load of 15 in. of mercury. The friction and turbulence in
35,000 kW and a load factor of 65%. Find the the piping in the condenser hot well and the
reserve over peak. pump suction flange is assumed to be 6.5 ft. if
the condensate pump to be installed has a
A. 21.15 MW required head of 9 ft, what would be the
A power plant is said to have/had a use factor minimum height of water level in the hot well
of 48.5% and a capacity factor of 42.4%. How that must be maintained above the centerline
many hrs. Did it operate during the year? of the pump to avoid cavitations?

B. 7,658.23 hrs B. 15.5 ft

A 50,000 kW steam plant delivers an annual A pump delivers 20 cfm of water having a
output of 238,000,000 kW-hr with a peak load density of 62 lb/ft3. The suction discharge gage
of 42,860 kW. What is the annual load factor reads 5 in. Hg vacuum and 30 psi respectively.
and capacity factor? The discharge gage is 5 ft above the suction
gage. If the pump efficiency is 70%, what is
C. 0.634, 0.543 motor power?

Calculate the use factor of a power plant if the C. 4.31 Hp

capacity factor is 35% and it operates 8000 hrs
during the year? A fan has a total head of 190 m and a static
pressure of 20 cm WG. If the air density is 1.2
A. 38.325 % kg/m3, what is the velocity of air flowing?

A 39.5 m high chimney of radial brick masonry is D. 17.766 m/s

described by the ff. top and bottom. D2 = 1.9 m,
d2 = 1.5 m, D1 = 3.2 m, d1 = 2.3 m. Determine the A jet of water is discharge through a 1 – inch
moment due to wind load. diameter orifice under constant head of 2.1 ft
total discharge is 228 lb, in 90 seconds. The jet
D. 182,030 kg-m is observed to pass through a point 2 ft
downward and 4 ft away from vena contrata.
It is desired to deliver 5 gpm at a head of 640 ft
Coefficient of velocity.
in a single stage pump having s specific speed
not to exceed 40. If the speed is not to exceed B. 0.685
1352 rpm, how many stages are required?
A jet of water is discharge through a 1 – inch
D. 2 diameter orifice under constant head of 2.1 ft
total discharge is 228 lb, in 90 seconds. The jet
A centrifugal pump discharge 20 L/s against a
is observed to pass through a point 2 ft
head of 17 m when the speed is 1500 rpm. The
downward and 4 ft away from vena contrata.
diameter of the impeller was 30 c, and the
Coefficient of velocity.
brake horsepower was 6.0. A geometrically
similar pump 40 cm in diameter is to run at A. 0.976
What is the velocity of sound 150°F (66°C) air at Entering circulating water velocity is to be 6 ft/s.
a standard pressure? Note: density of air @ steam enters the condenser at a rate of 100,000
150°F is 0.064 lbm/ft3. lb/hr at a pressure of one psia and an enthalpy
of 1090 Btu/lb. condensate leaves at saturated
A. 1215 ft/s liquid at one psia. Circulating water enters the
Ideal Oxygen is throttled at 140°F from 10 atm condensate at 85 deg. F and leaves at 95 deg. F.
to 5 atm. What is the temperature change? Note: 1 psia condensate has temperature of
101.7 deg. F. wet steam entering becomes
A. 0 condensate at 101.7 deg. F with hf = 69.72
Btu/lb. calculate the total number of tubes to
A duct 0.40 m high and 0.80 wide suspended
be used in each passes.
from the ceiling in a corridor, makes a right
angle turn in the horizontal plane. The inner A. 18,200 tube
radius is 0.2 m and the outer radius is 1.0 m
measured from the same center. The velocity of Determine the approximate load on a cooling
air in the duct is 10 m/s. compute the pressure tower if the entering and leaving temperatures
drop in this elbow. Assuming; f = 0.3, ρ = 1.204 are 96°F and 88°F, respectively and the flow
kg/m3 and L = 10 m. rate of the water over the tower is 30 gpm.

A. 341 Pa B. 2000 Btu/min

To what weight will 68°F ethyl alcohol rise in a Determine the quantity of water lost by bleed
0.005 inch internal diameter glass capillary off if the water flow rate over the tower 30 gpm
tube? The density of alcohol is 49 lbm/ft3. and the range is 10°F. Percent bleed-off
Where: β = 0° = angle of contact angle and requires 33%.
surface tension σ = 0.00156 lbm/ft @ 68°F. C. 0.099 gpm
A. 0.3056 ft How many tons of refrigeration is required to
What is the velocity of sound in 150°F (66°C) air produce 10 metric tons of ice per day at -10°C
at a standard pressure? Note: density of air @ from raw water at 22°C if miscellaneous losses
150°F is 0.064 lbm/ft3. are 15% of the chilling and freezing load?

A. 1295 ft/s A. 17 TOR

What is the pressure 8000 ft below the water Refrigeration is 2 m high, 1.2 m wide and 1 m
surface of the ocean? Neglect compressibility. deep. The over-all heat transfer coefficient is
o.532 W/m2 °C. how many kilograms of 0°C ice
If atmospheric air 14.7 psia and 60°F at sea will melt per hour if the inside temperature is
level, what is the pressure at 12000 ft altitude if maintained at 10°C while the surrounding air
air is incompressible? Note: @ 60°F; the density temperature is at 35°C
of air is 0.0763 lbm/ft3 ; P1 = 14.7 psia
A. 1.60 kg
B. 9.53 psia
Determine the heat extracted from 2000 kg of
A two-pass surface condenser is to be designed water from 25°C to ice -10°C.
using overall heat transfer coefficient of 480
BTU/°F lbm/ft2 of outside tube surface. The D. 921,150 kJ
tubes are to be 1 inch outside diameter with
1/16 in walls (or 7/8 in. inside diameter).
How many independent properties are required A. 330.10 W
to completely fix the equilibrium state of a pure
gaseous compound? One insulated wall of a cold-storage
compartment is 8 m long by 2.5 m high and
C. 2 consist of an outer steel plate 18 mm thick. An
inner wood wall 22.5 mm thick, the steel and
Calculate the heat transfer per hour through a wood are 90 mm apart to form a cavity which is
solid brick wall 6 m long, 2.9 m high, and 225 filled with cork. If the temperature drop across
mm thick, when the outer surface is at 5°C and the extreme faces of the composite wall is 15°C.
the inner surface at 17°C, the coefficient of Calculate the heat transfer per hour through
thermal conductivity of the brick being 0.6 the wall and the temperature drop across the
W/m-K. thickness of the cork. Take the coefficients of
A. 2,004.48 kJ thermal conductivity for steel, cork and wood as
45, 0.045, and 0.18 W/m-K respectively.
A vertical furnace wall is made up of an inner
wall of firebrick 20 cm thick followed by D. 508.24 kJ, 14.12°C
insulating brick 15 cm thick and an outer wall of One side of refrigerated cold chamber is 6 m
steel 1 cm thick. The surface temperature of the long by 3.7 m high and consist 168 mm
wall adjacent to the combustion chamber is thickness of cork between outer and inner walls
1200°C while that of the outer surface of steel is of wood. The outer wood wall is 30 mm thick
50°C. The thermal conductivities of the wall and its outside face temperature is 20°C, the
material in W/m-K are; firebrick, 10; insulating inner wood wall 35 mm thick and its inside face
brick, 0.26; and steel, 45. Neglecting the film temperature is -3°C. taking the coefficient of
resistance and contact resistance of joints, thermal conductivity of cork and wood 0.42 and
determine the heat loss per sq.m. Of the wall 0.20 W/m-k respectively, calculate the heat
area. transfer per second per sq. m of surface area.
A. 1.93 W/m2 B. 5.138 J
A composite wall is made up of an external Hot gases at 280°C flow on one side of a metal
thickness of brickwork 110 mm thick inside of 10mm thickness and air at 35°C flows on the
which is a layer of fiberglass 75 mm thick. The other side. The heat transfer coefficient of the
fiberglass is faced internally by an insulating gasses is 31.5 W/m2-K and that of the air is 32
board 25 mm thick. The coefficients of thermal W/m2-K. Calculate the over-all transfer
conductivity for the three are as follows: coefficient.
Brickwork 1.5 W/m-K A. 15.82 W/m2-K
Fiberglass 0.04 W/m-K The surface temperature of the hot side of the
Insulating board 0.06 W/m-k furnace wall is 1200°C.it is desired to maintain
the outside of the wall at 38°C. A 152 mm of
The surface transfer coefficient of the inside refractory silica is used adjacent to the
wall is 3.1 W/m2-K while that of the outside wall combustion chamber and 10 mm of steel covers
is 2.5 W/m2-K. Take the internal ambient the outside. What thickness of insulating brick is
temperature as 10°C and the external necessary between refractory and steel, if the
temperature is 27°C. Determine the heat loss heat loss should be kept at 788 W/m2, and 45
through such wall 6 m high and 10 m long. for steel.
A. 220 mm A pipe with an outside diameter of 2.5 in. is
insulated with a 2 in layer of asbestos (ka =
A hollow sphere has an outside radius of 1 m 0.396 Btu/in./hr-ft2-°F). If the temperature of
and is made of polystyrene foam with a cork 1.5 in. thick (kc = 0.30 Btu/in./hr-ft2-°F). If
thickness of 1 cm. a heat source inside keeps the temperature of the outer surface of the
the inner surface 5.20°C hotter than the outside cork is 90°F, calculate the heat loss per 100 ft of
surface? The thermal conductivity of insulated pipe.
polystyrene foam is 0.033 W/m°C.
C. 2847.42 Btu/hr
B. 216 W
The journals of a shaft are 380 mm diameter, it
An insulated steam pipe located where the runs at 105 rpm and the coefficient of friction
ambient temperature is 32°C, has an inside between journals and bearings is 0.02. If the
diameter of 50 mm with 10 mm thick wall. The average load on the bearing is 200 KN, find the
outside diameter of the corrugated asbestos heat generated per minute at the bearing?
insulation is 125 mm and the surface coefficient
of still air is, ho = 12 W/m2-K. Inside the pipe is A. 501.375 kJ
steam having a temperature of 150°C with film
coefficient hi = 6000 W/m2-K. Thermal The flow energy of 124 liters per minute of a
conductivity of pipe and asbestos insulation are fluid passing a boundary to a system is 108.5
45 and 0.12 W/m2-K respectively. Determine kJ/min. determine the pressure at this point.
the heat loss per unit length of pipe. A. 875 kPa
B. 120 W Work done by a substance in reversible non
How many watts will be radiated from s flow manner in accordance with V = 100/P ft3,
spherical black body 15 cm diameter at a where P is in psia. Evaluate the work done on or
temperature of 800°C? by the substance as the pressure increases from
10 psia to 100 psia.
A. 5.34 kW
B. -33,157.22 ft-lb
A wall with an area of 10 m2 cm thickness of
white pine (k = 0.113 W/m°C) followed by 10 Calculate the change in enthalpy as 1 kg of
cm of brick (k = 0.649°C W/m°C). The pine is on nitrogen is heated from 1000 K to 1500 K,
the inside where the temperature is 10°C. assuming the nitrogen is an ideal gas at a
Assuming equilibrium conditions exist, what is constant pressure. The temperature dependent
the temperature at the interface between the specific heat of nitrogen is Cp = 39.06 – 512.79
two metals? T1.5 + 1072.7 T2 – 820.4T3 where Cp is in kJ/kg-
mol, T is in K.
D. 19.31°C
B. 697.27 kJ
A counter flow heat exchanger is designed to
heat fuel oil from 45°C to 100°C while the One kilogram of wet steam at a pressure of 8
heating fluid enters at 150°Cvand leaves at bar (Vg = 0.2404 m3/kg, vf = 0.0011148 m3/kg)
115°C. Calculate the arithmetic mean and dryness 0.94 is expanded until the pressure
temperature difference? is 4 bar (vg = 0.4625 m3/kg, vf = 0.0010836 m3).
If the expansion follows the law PVn = C, where
C. 60°C n =1.12, find the dryness fraction of the steam
at the lower pressure.
C. 0.9072 C. 80.2 kJ
D. 28.3 kJ
Wet saturated steam at 16 bar (hf = 859 kJ/kg , Calculate drive horsepower for
hg = 1935 kJ/kg) reducing valve and is throttled pumping 1703 L/min cold water to a tank
to a pressure of 8 bar (hr = 721 kJ/kg, hfg = 2048 suction at 127 mm Hg vacuum, delivery at 5.3
kJ/kg). Find the dryness fraction of the reduces kg/cm² ga., both measured close to pump, ep =
pressure steam. 0.65.
C. 0.9933 A. 31.42 Hp *

A 650 BHP diesel engine uses fuel oil of 28°API B. 20.42 Hp

gravity, fuel consumption is 0.65 lb/BHP-hr. cost
of fuel is P 7.95 per liter. For continuous C. 35.42 Hp
operation, determine the minimum volume of D. 23.02 Hp
cubical day tank in cm3, ambient temperature is Find the length of suspension bunker to
45°C. contain 181 tons of coal without surcharge;
width 4.6 m; depth 4.3 m. The level capacity of
A. 5,291,880 cm3
a suspension bunker is 5/8 wdL : where w =
A typical industrial fuel oil, C16H32 with 20% width, d = depth and L = length. Density of coal,
excess air by weight. Assuming complete 800 kg/m³.
oxidation of the fuel, calculate the actual air- A. 18.30 m *
fuel ratio by weight. B. 13.80 m

A. 17.65 kgair/kgfuel C. 17.61 m

D. 12.61 m
A 305 mm x 457 mm four stroke single
A 6 MW steam turbine generator power plant acting diesel engine is rated at 150 kW at 260
has a full-load steam rate of 8 kg/kW-hr. rpm. Fuel consumption at rated load is 0.26
Assuming that no-load steam consumption as kg/kW-hr with a heating value of 43,912 kJ/kg.
15% of full load steam consumption, compute Calculate the brake thermal efficiency.
for the hourly steam consumption at 75% load, A. 31.63% *
in kg/hr. B. 41.63%
A. 37,800 kg/hr* C. 21.63%
D. 35.63%
B. 38,700 kg/hr The brake thermal efficiency of a 1 MW diesel
electric plant is 36%. Find the heat generated by
C. 30,780 kg/hr fuel in kW if the generator efficiency is 89%.
D. 30,870 kg/hr A. 3,121.10 kW
A 4kg air enters a turbine with enthalpy of B. 3,528.64 kW
600 kJ and velocity of 250 m/s. The enthalpy at C. 4,121.10 kW
exit is 486 kJ and velocity of 170 m/s. What is D. 4,258.64 kW
the work developed if there is a heat loss of 10 In an air-standard Brayton cycle, the
kJ? compressor recieves air at 101.325 kPa, 21°C
A. 128.83 kJ and it leaves at 600 kPa at the rate of 4 kg/s.
Determine the turbine work if the temperature
B. 171.2 kJ * of the air entering the turbine is 1000°C.
A. 3000 kW
B. 2701 kW mechanical friction in the turbine is 110 Hp, and
C. 2028 kW the leakage loss is 4 cfs. Find the hydraulic
D. 3500 kW efficiency.
Kerosene is the fuel of the gas turbine A. 87.45%
plant: fuel-air ratio, mf = 0.012, T3 = 972 K, B. 84.57%
pressure ratio, rp = 4.5, exhaust to atmosphere. C. 85.47%
Find the available energy in kJ per kg of air flow. D. 78.54%
Assume k = 1.34 and Cp = 1.13. A Pelton wheel runs at a constant speed
A. 352.64 kJ/kg under a head of 650 ft. the cross-sectional area
B. 452.64 kJ/kg of the jet is 0.50 ft² and the nozzle fiction loss is
C. 252.64 kJ/kg to be neglected. Supposed the needle of the
D. 552.64 kJ/kg nozzle is to be adjusted as to reduce the area of
An ideal gas turbine operates with a the jet from 0.50 ft² to 0.20 ft². Under this
pressure ratio of 10 and the energy input in the conditions the efficiency of the wheel is known
high temperature heat exchanger is 300 kW. to be 70%. Find the power output of the wheel.
Calculate the air flow rate for a temperature A. 2112.34 Hp
limits of 30°C and 1200°C. B. 2506.34 Hp
A. 0.25 kg/s C. 3017.62 Hp
B. 0.34 kg/s D. 3462.74 Hp
C. 0.41 kg/s A hydro-electric power plant consumes
D. 0.51 kg/s 60,000,000 kW-hr per year. What is the net
In an air-standard Brayton cycle, the head if the expected flow is 1500 m³/min and
inlet temperature and pressure are 20°C and overall efficiency is 80%
101.325 kPa. The turbine inlet conditions are A. 34.34 m
1200 kPa and 900°C. Determine the air flow B. 43.43 m
rate if the turbine produces 12 MW. C. 44.33 m
A. 21.41 kg/s D. 33.44 m
B. 20.20 kg/s The water velocity of a 5 m x 1 m channel is 6
C. 19.25 kg/s m/s. What is the annual energy produced if the
D. 18.10 kg/s net head is 120 m and the over-all efficiency is
A gas turbine power plant operating on the 80%
Brayton cycle delivers 15 MW to a standby A. 494, 247, 258 kW-hrs
electric generator. What is the mass flow rate B. 247, 497, 582 kW-hrs
and the volume flow rate of air if the minimum C. 247, 494, 528 kW-hrs
and maximum pressures are 100 kpa and 500 D. 472, 497, 582 kW-hrs
kpa respectively, and temperatures of 20°C and A hydro-electric turbine is directly coupled to
1000 °C a 24 pole, 60 Hz alternator. It has a specific
A. 31.97 kg/s, 26.88 m³/s speed of 60 rpm and develops 3000 Hp. What is
B. 36.98 kg/s, 28.99 m³/s the required diameter assuming the peripheral
C. 41.97 kg/s, 26.88 m³/s ratio of 0.45.
D. 46.98 kg/s, 28.99 m³/s A. 0.661 m
In a hydraulic plant the difference in elevation B. 0.552 m
between the surface of the water at intake and C. 0.443 m
the tailrace is 650 ft when the flow is 90 cfs, the D. 0.775 m
friction loss in the penstock is 65 ft and the In a hydroelectric power plant the tailwater
head utilized by the turbine is 500 ft. the elevation is 500 m. What is the head water
elevation if the net head is 30 m and the head coal per hr, determine the mass of gas entering
loss is 5% of the gross head? the mass of gas entering the chimney. Assume
A. 785.25 m an ash loss of 15%.
B. 582.57 m A. 40,644 kg/hr
C. 528.57 m B. 70,200 kg/hr
D. 758.25 m C. 62,550 kg/hr
The tailwater and the headwater of a hydro- D. 50,500 kg/hr
electric plant are 150 m and 200 m respectively. A 15 kg gas enters a chimney at 10 m/s. if the
What is the water power if the flow is 15 m³/s temperature and pressure of a gas are 26°C and
and a head loss of 10% of the gross head? 100 kPa respectively, what is the diameter of
A. 6,621.75 kW the chimney. Use R= 0.287 kJ/kg-K
B. 7,621.65 kW A. 1.57 m
C. 5,621.76 kW B. 2.65 m
D. 4,621.56 kW C. 2.22 m
In a hydro-electric plant, water flows at 10 D. 1.28 m
m/s in a penstock of 1 m² cross-sectional area. If A two stage compressor at 90 kPa at 20 deg.
the net head of the plant is 30 m and the C discharge at 700 kPa. Find the polytropic
turbine efficiency is 85%, what is the turbine exponent n if the intercooler intake
output? temperature is 100 deg. C.
A. 2,501.55 kW A. 1.29
B. 2,100.21 kW B. 1.33
C. 3,626.24 kW C. 1.4
D. 3,124.65 kW D. 1.25
A 75 MW power plant has an average load of A two-stage compressor receives 0.35 kg/s of
35,000 kW and a load factor of 65%. Find air at 100 kPa and 269 K and delivers it at 5000
reverse peak load. kPa. Find the heat transferred in the
A. 21.15 MW intercooler.
B. 23.41 MW A. 70.49 kW
C. 25.38 MW B. 80.49 kW
D. 18.75 MW C. 90.49 kW
A power plant is said to have/had use a factor D. 100.49 kW
of 48.5% and a capacity factor of 42.4%. How A centrifugal pump discharged 20 L/s against
many hrs. did it operate during the year? a head of 17 m when the speed is 1500 rpm.
A. 6,600.32 hrs The diameter of the impeller was 30 cm and the
B. 7,658.23 hrs brake horsepower was 6.0. A geometrically
C. 8,600.32 hrs similar pump 40 cm in diameter is to run at
D. 5,658.23 hrs 1750 rpm. Assuming equal efficiencies, what
Calculate the use factor of a power plant if brake horsepower is required?
the capacity factor is 35% and it operates 8000 A. 51.55 Hp
hrs during the year? B. 50.15 Hp
A. 38.325% C. 40.15 Hp
B. 33.825% D. 45.15 Hp
C. 35.823% A two-stage compressor recieves 0.35 kg/s of
D. 32.538% air at 100 kPa and 269 K and delivers it at 5000
If the air required for combustion is 20 kg per kPa. Find the heat transferred in intercooler.
kg of coal and the and the boiler uses 3000 kg of A. 70.49 KW
B. 80.49 KW A jet of water is discharge through a 1-inch
C. 90.49 KW diameter orifice under constant head of 2.1 ft
D. 100.49 KW the total discharge is 228 lbm in 90 seconds.
Calculate the air power of a fan that delivers The jet is observed to pass through a point 2 ft
1200 m³/min of air through a 1 m by 1.5 m downward and 4 ft away form vena contracta.
outlet. Static pressure is 120 mm WG and Coefficient of contraction.
density of air is 1.18. A. 0.786
A. 20.45 KW B. 0.658
B. 25.64 KW C. 0.567
C. 30.45 KW D. 0.345
D. 35.64 KW A jet of water is discharge through a 1-inch
An electron strikes the screen of the cathode diameter orifice under constant head of 2.1 ft
ray tube with velocity of 10 to 9th power cm/s. the total discharge is 228 lbm in 90 seconds.
Compute its kinetic energy ERGS. The mass of The jet is observed to pass through a point 2 ft
an electron is 9x10⁻³¹ kg? downward and 4 ft away form vena contracta.
A. 1.5x10 -10 ERG Coefficient of velocity.
B. 9.5x10 -10 ERG A. 0.976
C. 3.5x10 -10 ERG B. 0.758
D. 4.5x10 -10 ERG C. 0.567
A 0.064 kg of octane vapor (MW = 114) is D. 0.845 The density of Helium is 0.178
mixed with 0.91 kg of air (MW = 29.0) in the kg/m³ at STP. What is the density at 25°C and
manifold is 86.1 kPa, and the temperature 290 96kPa?
K. Assume octane behaves ideally, what is the A. 0.159
total volume of this mixture? B. 0.358
A. 0.895 cu. m C. 0.267
B. 0.987 cu. m D. 0.545
C. 0.565 cu. m A gas has density of 0.094 lb/ft³ at 100°F and
D. 0.654 cu. m 2 atm. What pressure is needed to change the
Find the amount of electrical energy density to 0.270 lb/ft³ at 250°F?
expanded raising temperature of 45 liters of A. 7.28 atm
water by 75°C. Assume the efficiency of the B. 6.32 atm
heating equipment to be 90% C. 3.45 atm
A. 5.35 kW-hr D. 5.25 atm
B. 3.46 kW-hr If atmospheric air 14.7 psia and 60°F at sea
C. 0.565 kW-hr level, what is the pressure at 12000 ft altitude if
D. 0.654 kW-hr air is incompressible. Note: @ 60°F ; the density
How long could a 2000 hp motor be operated of air is 0.0763 lbm/ft³ ; P1 = 14.7 psia
on the heat energy liberated by 1 mi³. of ocean A. 5.42 psia
water when the temperature of the water is B. 5.34 psia
lowered by 1°C and if all these heat were C. 6.72 psia
converted the mechanical energy? D. 9.32 psia
A. 371.56 yrs To what height will 68°F ethyl alcohol will
B. 243.55 yrs rise in a 0.005 inch internal diameter glass
C. 383.76 yrs capillary tube? The density of alcohol is 49
D. 376.57 yrs lbm/ft³. Where β = 0° = contact angle. σ
= 0.00156 lbf/ft @ 68°F
A. 0.3056 ft suddenly closes completely. What is the total
B. 0.4584 ft increase in pressure ?
C. 0.5434 ft A. ΔP = 2.23 x 10⁶ Pa C. ΔP =
D. 0.2435 ft 0.23 x 10⁶ Pa
What is the velocity of sound in 150°F (66°C) B. ΔP = 1.23 x 10⁶ Pa D. ΔP =
air at standard pressure? Note: density of air @ 5.23 x 10⁶ Pa
150°F is 0.064 lbm/ft³ A pump adds 550 feet of pressure head to
A. 1215 ft/s 100 lbm/s of water. Compute the hydraulic
B. 3245 ft/s power in horsepower?
C. 2345 ft/s A. 100
D. 4321 ft/s B. 150
Ideal oxygen is throttled at 140°F from 10 atm C. 200
to 5 atm. What is the temperature change. D. 300
A. 0 A pump driven by an electrical motor moves
B. Negative 25 gal/min of water from reservoir A to
C. Infinity reservoir B, lifting the water a total head of 245
D. 1 feet. The efficiencies of the pump and motor
Determine the specific gravity of carbon are 64% and 84% respectively. What is the size
dioxide gas (molecular weight = 44) at 150°F of motor required?
(66°C) and 20psia (138kPa) A. 2.42 Hp
A. 1.67 B. 3.24 Hp
B. 1.45 C. 1.24 Hp
C. 1.87 D. 2.34 Hp
D. 1.30 A 6” pump operating at 1770 rpm discharges
An empty polyethylene telemetry balloon and 1500 rpm discharges 1500 gpm of cold water
payload have a mass of 500 lbm. The balloon is (S.G. = 10) against an 80-foot head at 85%
charged with helium when the atmospheric efficiency. A homologous 8” pump is operating
conditions are 60°F and 1.48psia. The specific at 1770 rpm is being considered as a
gas constant of helium is 386.3 ft-lbf / lbm°R. replacement. What is would be the new
what is the volume of helium is required. horsepower requirement?
A. 7544 ft³ A. 43.3 Hp
B. 6754 ft³ B. 34.6 Hp
C. 7455 ft³ C. 12.4 Hp
D. 6465 ft³ D. 54.3 Hp
A pipe of internal diameter 6 units carries Determine the hydraulic the diameter and
water with the depth of 2 unit under in the hydraulic radius for the open trapezoidal
influence of gravity. Compute the hydraulic channel whose above and bottom lengths are 7
radius. and 5 units respectively. The depth of water is 3
A. 1.12 units.
B. 1.32 A. 13.4
C. 2.31 B. 1.59
D. 1.01 C. 3.24
Water ( ρ = 1000kg/m³, E = 2 x 10⁹ Pa ) is D. 5.3
flowing at 4 m/s through a long length of 4in Water is pumped up the hillside into a
schedule 40 steel pipe ( Di = 0.102 m , t = reservoir. The pumped discharges water a the
0.0062 m, E = 2x 10¹¹ Pa) when the valve rate of 6 ft/s and pressure of 150 psig.
Disregarding friction, what is the maximum Assume an engineering-type chain with sleeve
elevation (above the centerline of the pump’s bearing rollers weighing with flights, 89.3 kg/m.
discharge) of the reservoir’s water surface? Calculate the chain pull in kg.
A. 346.7 ft A. 2180.33
B. 546.7 ft B. 4550.10
C. 246.7 ft C. 1555.36
D. 146.7 ft D. 3166.46
The feedwater to a boiler is 92% condensate The individual buckets of a vertical elevator
and 8% make up containing 270 ppm solids carry 3.6 kg coal and are spaced 30.5 cm apart
enter the boiler per hour at 22,680 kg per hr on the chain. Sprocket wheels 61 cm diameter
steam evaporation. chain speed 79.2 m/min. Height between
A. 0.49 kg solids/hr sprockets, 9.1 m. drive: 1750 – rpm motor
B. 0.59 kg solids/hr through sprockets and steel roller chain. What
C. 0.39 kg solids/hr is the motor horsepower required to drive the
D. 0.69 kg solids/hr conveyor drive shaft?
The 1370 diameter steam drum on a boiler is A. 2 Hp
2440 mm long has a 250 mm gauge glass at B. 4 Hp
mid-drum level. Find the maximum steam C. 5 Hp
generation that could be cared for by a D. 3 Hp
blowdown of half a water gauge each 8 hr shift. A 500 kW diesel has a heat rate of 12,000
Pressure 17.5 kg/cm² gage. Sf = 150 PPM, Sb = kJ/kW-hr. The compression ratio is 16:1, cut-off
2000 PPM. ratio of 2.3. Assume k = 1.32. Calculate the
A. 450.59 kg/hr engine efficiency based on the output of 500
B. 550.59 kg/hr kW
C. 650.59 kg/hr A. 57.77%
D. 750.59 kg/hr B. 57.78%
Estimate discharge rate (L/min) and maximum C. 47.77%
suction lift of a 95 mm X 127 mm X 152 mm D. 37.67%
duplex, direct-acting steam pump. ev = 0.90 sea Air enters the combustion chamber of a gas
level. turbine unit at 550 kPa, 227°C and 43 m/s. The
A. 187.90 L/min products of combustion leave the combustor at
B. 287.90 L/min 517 kPa, 1007°C and 140 m/s. Liquid fuel enters
C. 487.90 L/min with a heating value of 43,000 kJ/kg. The
D. 387.90 L/min combustor efficiency is 95%. What is the air-fuel
Given the horizontal conveyor, 46 m centers, ratio? Note: Properties of air:
175 pounds per hr capacity of handling T(K)
bituminous coal at 0.5 m/s with 800 kg per m³. h(kJ/kg)
Other data as follows: 500
Flight width and depth 610 503.02
mm X 200mm 1280
Quantity of material 1372.25
0.108m³/m A. 47.39
Coefficient of friction elements B. 32.25
0.10 C. 56.93
Material Coefficient of friction D. 44.95
0.59
Air is drawn into a gas turbine working on the A. 2040 mm
constant pressure cycle at 1 bar 21°C and B. 3120 mm
compressed to 5.7 bar. The temperature at the C. 2440 mm
end of heat supply is 680°C. Taking the D. 2320 mm
expansion and compression to be adiabatic A nuclear power plant is to have a capacity of
where Cv = 0.718 kJ/kg-K, Cp = 1.055 kJ/kg-K, 500 MW-electrical. How many pounds of U²³⁵
calculate the heat energy supplied per kg at are needed to operate the plant continuously
constant presssure. for 6 years if the plant capacity factor is 75%
A. 472 kJ/kg and thermal efficiency is 35%.
B. 389 kJ/kg A. 5179.05
C. 501 kJ/kg B. 5375.01
D. 489 kJ/kg C. 6426.25
There are required 2200 kW net from a gas D. 6778.64
turbine unit for pumping of crude oil. Air enters A 600 Mwe PWR nuclear plant uses 4%
the compressor section at 100 kPa, 280 K, the enriched Uranium fuel has a thermal efficiency
pressure ratio rp = 10. The turbine section of 36%. The burned up allowed of the
receives the hot gases at 1,100 K. Assume the fissionable portion of the fuel is 20%. Calculate
closed Brayton cycle and determine the how many metric tons of natural Uranium is
required air flow. placed in the reactor vessel for one year
A. 7.91 kg/s continuous operation?
B. 7.16 kg/s A. 69.34
C. 8.11 kg/s B. 79.35
D. 8.91 kg/s C. 88.56
In an air standard Bryton cycle, the compressor D. 56.77
receives air at 101.325 kPa at the rate of 4 kg/s. A 50,000 kW steam plant delivers an annual
determine the turbine work if the temperature output of 238,000,000 kW-hr with a peak load
of the air entering the turbine is 1000°C. of 42,860 kW. What is the annual load factor
A. 3000 kW and capacity factor?
B. 2701 kW A. 0.634, 0.534
C. 2028 kW B. 0.643, 0.534
D. 3500 kW C. 0.634, 0.543
The net power output of an air-standard D. 0.643, 0.534
Brayton cycle is 200 kW. Air enters the It is desired to deliver 5 gpm at a head of 640 ft
compressor at 32°C and leaves the high- in a single stage pump having a specific speed
temperature heat exchanger at 800°C. What is not to exceed 40. If the speed is not to exceed
the mass flow rate of air if it leaves the turbine 1352 rpm, how many stages are required?
at 350°C? A. 2
A. 0.57 kg/s B. 3
B. 0.67 kg/s C. 4
C. 0.77 kg/s D. 5
D. 0.87 kg/s A 39.5 m high chimney of radial brick masonry is
A pelton type turbine has a gross head of 40 m described by the following top and bottom
and a friction head loss of 6m. What is the dimensions. D₂ = 1.9 m, d₂ = 1.5 m, D₁ = 3.2 m,
penstock diameter if the penstock length is 90 d₁ = 2.3 m. Determine the moment due to wind
m and the coefficient of friction head loss is load.
0.001 (Morse). A. 172,051 kg-m
 B. 160,388 kg-m The turbine of a jet engine operates
C. 150,160 kg-m adiabatically and receives a steady flow of gases
D. 182,030 kg-m at 114 psia, 1340°F and 540 ft/s. It discharges at
A condensate pump at sea level take water 30.6 psia, 820°F 1000 ft/s. Find the work output
from a surface condenser where the vacuum is per pound of gas.
15 in. of mercury. The friction and the A. 123.7 Btu/hr
turbulence in the piping in the condenser hot B. 321.7 Btu/hr
well and the pump suction flange is assumed to C. 432.7 Btu/hr
be 6.5 ft. If the condensate pump to be installed D. 245.7 Btu/hr
has a required head of 9 ft, what would be the One kilogram of air 1.2 kg/cm³ at 30°C is
minimum height of water level in the hot well compressed according to the law of PV where :
that must be maintained above the centerline C = 1.36 until its volume 0.5 m³ if its is
of the pump to avoid cavitation? compressed isothermally. What will be the
A. 2.5 ft percent saving work?
B. 15.5 ft A. 5.6%
C. 18 ft B. 8.7%
D. 5.5 ft C. 6.6%
The fan has the total head of 190 m and a static D. 8.2%
pressure of 20 cm WG. If the air density is 1.2 A cold tire contains 1000 in³ of air at 24 psia and
kg/m³, what is the velocity of air flowing? 32°F. What pressure in the tire is needed to if
A. 16.21 m/s the temperature and volume are increased to
B. 17.21 m/s 35°F and 1020 in³ respectively?
C. 16.66 m/s A. 23.57 psia
D. 17.766 m/s B. 32.45 psia
A tank contains 3 ft³ of 129 psig air at 80°F. How C. 43.54 psia
many tires of volume 1.2 ft³ can be inflated to D. 34.57 psia
28 psig at 80°F? A centrifugal pump powered by a direct-drive
A. 5 complete tires induction motor is needed to discharge 150
B. 10 complete tires gal/min against a 300-ft total head when
C. 7 complete tires turning at the fully loaded speed of 3500 rpm.
D. 3 complete tires What type of pump must be selected?
What is root-mean-squared velocity of oxygen A. Reciprocating pump
molecules at a temperature of 70°F? B. Radial vane pump
A. 571 ft/s C. Screw pump
B. 1570.66 ft/s D. None of these
C. 2310 ft/s A pump is operating at 1770 rpm delivers 500
D. 3852 ft/s gal/min against a total head of 200 feet.
What is the rise in temperature of water Changes in the piping system increased to the
dropping over a 200 ft waterfall and setting in a total head to 375 feet. At what rpm should this
basin below? Neglect all friction and assume pump be operated to achieve this new head at
initial velocity is negligible. the same efficiency?
A. – 0.543 deg. F A. 2424 rpm
B. - 0.257 deg. F B. 1424 rpm
C. - 0.376 deg. F C. 3225 rpm
D. - 0.543 deg. F D. 2327 rpm
A 6” pump operating at 1770 rpm discharges A copper can of negligible heat capacity
1500 rpm discharges 1500 gpm of coldwater contains 1 kg of water just above the freezing
(S.G. = 1.0) against an 80-foot head at 85% point. A similar can contains 1 kg of water just
efficiency. A homologous 8” pump is operating below the boiling point. Two cans are brought
at 1170 rpm is being considered as a to into thermal contact. Find the change in
replacement. What capacity of the total head entropy of the system?
can be expected from the new pump? A. 100 J
A. 2350.3 gpm B. 200 J
B. 4325.3 gpm C. 300 J
C. 3486.5 gpm D. 400 J
D. 3256.4 gpm In a gaseous mixture of 20 deg. C the partial
Water at 60°F has a specific gravity of 0.999 pressure of the components are as follows:
gm/cm³ and a kinematic viscosity of 1.12 Hydrogen, 200 mmHg; ethelyne, 105 mmHg.
centistokes (cs). What is the absolute viscosity What is the mass fraction of hydrogen (m(H₂) =
in lbf – s / ft²? 2 , m(CO₂) = 44, m(meth) = 16 and m(eth) = 30
A. 2.34 x 10¯⁵ kg/ mol) ?
B. 1.34 x 10¯⁵ A. 0.026
C. 3.34 x 10¯⁵ B. 0.056
D. 5.34 x 10¯⁵ C. 0.076
A steam engine operating between a boiler D. 0.016
temperature of 220 deg. C and a condenser Assume the total heat of vaporization (per
temperature of 35 deg. C delivers 8 Hp. If its gram) of water can be used to supply the
efficiency is 30 percent of the for a Carnot energy needed to tear 1 g of water molecules
engine operating between this temperature apart from each other. How much energy is
limits, how many calories are absorbed each needed per molecule for this purpose?
second by the boiler? A. 6.74 x 10¯²⁰ J
A. 12.7 kCal/s B. 1.74 x 10¯²⁰ J
B. 11.34 kCal/s C. 3.74 x 10¯²⁰ J
C. 10.56 kCal/s D. 2.74 x 10¯²⁰ J
D. 9.57 kCal/s Assume the total heat of vaporization (per
How many kilograms of water at 0 deg. C can a gram) of water can be used to supply the
freezer with a coefficient of performance of 5 energy needed to tear 1g of water molecules
make into ice cubes at 0 deg. C with a work apart from each other. How much en energy is
input of 3.6 MJ (one kilowatt-hour)? needed per molecule to kT where k = 1.38 x
A. 24 kg 10¯²³ J/K
B. 34 kg
C. 54 kg A. 11.3
D. 15 kg B. 12.5
What is the change of entropy of 2 kg water C. 13.1
molecules when transformed at constant D. 12.3
pressure of 1 atmosphere from water at 100 Cool water at 9 °C enters hot water heater from
deg. C to steam at the same temperature? which warm water at room temperature of 80
A. 12.12 kJ/K °C is drawn at an average rate of 300 g/min.
B. 10.43 kJ/K How much average electric power does the
C. 9.45 kJ/K heater consume in order to provide hot water
D. 10.45 kJ/K at this rate?
 A. 1.81
A. 4.18 B. 1.92
B. 2.35 C. 2.21
C. 3.31 D. 1.46
D. 5.14 What is the power which is a 3.5 MW natural
A hose shoot water straight up a distance of gas engine can developed at an altitude of
2.5m. The end opening on the hose has an area 1981.2 m assuming that the pressure change
of 0.075 cm². How much water comes out in alone.
1min? A. 2.957 MW
A. 34.18 L B. 3.247 MW
B. 22.35 L C. 2.521 MW
C. 31.5 L D. 4.466 MW
D. 5.14 L In gaseous mixture of 20 deg. C the partial
The surface of household radiator has an pressures of the components are as follows:
emissivity of 0.55 and an area of 1.5 m² at what Hydrogen, 200 mmHg; Carbon dioxide, 150
radiation absorbed emitted by the radiator mmHg, methane, 320 mmHg; ethelyne , 105
when its temperature is 50 °C mmHg. What is the total pressure of the
A. 308 W mixture ?
B. 108 W A. 755 mmHg
C. 509 W B. 255 mmHg
D. 409 W C. 345 mmHg
It is required to pump water at 100 gal per min D. 800 mmHg
from a large reservoir to the surface of another A four stroke, direct injection diesel engine of
reservoir 400 feet higher. What is the 4 in. bore x 4.5 in. develops 45 Hp at full load
horsepower of the motor to drive the pump, if and 8 Hp when running at idling load. Engine
the efficiency of the pump is 70%? speed is 2200 rpm. Compute the mechanical
A. 14.44 efficiency.
B. 15.55 A. 56.52 %
C. 12.54 B. 86.71 %
D. 10.54 C. 79.21 %
Compute is the percent rating of a water tube D. 88.46 %
boiler if the heating surface area is 500 m² and The ultimate analysis of coal is given below:
the developed boiler horsepower is 750? C = 68.5% S = 1.5 %
A. 136.5% Ash = 12.0 %
B. 124.5% H = 2.5 % O = 3.5 %
C. 138.7% What is the higher heating value of coal
D. 154.6% A. 26,280.63 KJ/kg Lechon kawali
A waste heat recovery boiler produces 4.8 Mpa B. 16,250.63 KJ/kg
( dry saturated ) steam from 104°C feed water. C. 41,380.53 KJ/kg
The boiler receives energy from 7 Kg/s of 954°C D. 56,298.32 KJ/kg
dry air. After passing through the waste heat In a boiler design, it is desirable to have the flue
boiler, the temperature of the air has been gas exit temperature above the dewpoint. What
reduced to 343°C. Compute the volume flow is the dew point temperature of flue gas
rate of the steam in kg produced per second? produced by combustion having the gravimetric
Note: at 4.8 Mpa dry and saturated, h= 2796.0 analysis of :
Kj/Kg.
 N₂ = 71.84 % O₂ = B. 2.93 W/m²
3.61 % C. 1.55 W/m²
CO₂ = 20.35 % H₂O = D. 2.55 W/m²
4.20 % A composite wall is made up of an
Assume that air filtration and leakage are external thickness of brickwork 110 mm thick
negligible inside which is a layer of fiberglass 75 mm thick.
A. 45 deg C The fiberglass is faced internally by an insulating
B. 40 deg C board 25 mm thick. The coefficient of thermal
C. 39 deg C Brooklyn, New York conductivity for the three as follows :
D. 24 deg C Brickwork
Find the effective head of reaction turbine that 1.5 W/m-K
develops 500 BHP where flow through the Fiberglass
turbine is 50 cfs. Water enters at 20 fps with 0.04 W/m-K
100 ft pressure head. The elevation of the Insulating board
turbine above the tallwater level is 8 ft. 0.06 W/m-K
A. 136.52 ft The surface transfer coefficients of the
B. 131.71 ft inside wall is 3.1 W/m²-K while that of the
C. 114.2 ft outside wall is 2.5 W/m²-K. Take the internal
D. 102.4 ft ambient temperature as 10°C and the external
Water (ρ = 62.4 lbm/ft³) is flowing through a temperature is 27°C. Determine the heat loss
pipe. A pitot-static gage registers 3.0 inches of through such wall 6 m high and 10 m long.
mercury. What is the velocity of water in the A. 330.10 W
pipe? C. 430.10 W
A. 14.24 ft/s B. 230.10 W
B. 13.42 ft/s D. 530.10 W
C. 11.42 ft/s One insulated wall of a cold-storage
D. 102.4 ft/s compartment is 8 m long by 2.5 m high and
A refrigeration system produces 20 kg/hr of ice consists of an outer steel plate 18 mm thick. An
from water at 20 deg C. find the tonnage of the inner wood wall 22.5 mm thick, the steel and
unit. wood are 90 mm apart to form a cavity which is
A. 0.66 filled with cork. If the temperature drop across
B. 0.55 the extreme faces of the composite wall is 15°C.
C. 0.77 Calculate the heat transfer per hour through
D.0.45 the wall and the temperature drop across the
A vertical furnace wall is made up of an inner thickness of the cork. Take the coefficients of
wall of firebrick 20 cm thick followed by thermal conductivity for steel, cork and wood as
insulating brick 15 cm thick and an outer wall of 45, 0.045, and 0.18 W/m-K respectively.
steel 1 cm thick. The surface temperature of the A. 408.24 kJ, 12.12°C C.
wall adjacent to the combustion chamber is 608.24 kJ, 13.12°C
1200°C while that of the outer surface of steel is B. 708.24 kJ, 11.12°C D.
50°C. The thermal conductivities of the wall 508.24 kJ, 14.12°C
material in W/m-K are : firebrick, 10; insulating A cubical tank of 2 m sides is
brick, 0.26; and steel, 45. Neglecting the film constructed of metal plate 12mm and contains
resistances and contact resistance of joints, water at 75°C. the surrounding air temperature
determine the heat loss per sq. m. of wall area is 16°C. calculate the overall heat transfer
A. 1.93 W/m² coefficient from water to air. Take the
coefficient of thermal conductivity of the metal Hot gases at 280°C flow on the one side
as 48 W/m-K, the coefficient of thermal of a metal plate of 10mm thickness and air at
conductivity of the metal as 48 W/m-K, the 35°C flows on the other side. The heat transfer
coefficient of heat transfer of water is 2.5 coefficient of the gases is 31.5 W/m²-K and that
kW/m²-K and the coefficient of heat transfer of of the air is 32 W/m²-K. Calculate the over-all
the air is 16 W/m²-K. transfer coefficient.
A. 15.84 W/m²-C C. 16.84 W/m²- A. 15.82 W/m²-K C. 14.82 W/m²-
C K
B. 14.84 W/m²-C D. 13.84 W/m²- B. 16.82 W/m²-K D. 17.82 W/m²-
C K
A cold storage compartment is 4.5 m The surface temperature of the hot side
long by 4 m wide by 2.5 m high. The four walls, of the furnace wall is 1200°C. It is desired to
ceiling and floor are covered to a thickness of maintain the outside of the wall at 38°C. A 152
150mm with insulating material which has a mm of refractory silica is used adjacent to the
coefficient of thermal conductivity of 5.8x10¯² combustion chamber and 10 mm of steel covers
W/m²-K. Calculate the quantity of heat leaking the outside. What thickness of insulating bricks
through the insulation per hour when the is necessary between refractory and steel, if the
outside and inside face temperatures of the heat loss should be kept at 788 W/m² ? Use k =
material is 15°C and -5°C respectively. 13.84 W/m-K for refractory silica; 0.15 for
A. 2185.44 kJ C. 3185.44 kJ insulating brick, and 45 for steel.
B. 1185.44 kJ D. 4185.44 kJ A. 220 mm C. 260
A furnace wall consist of 35 cm firebrick ( k = mm
1.557 W/m-k ), 12 cm insulating refractory ( k = B. 240 mm D. 280
0.346 ) and 20 cm common brick ( k = 0.692 ) mm
covered 7 cm steel plate ( k = 45 ). The A hollow sphere has an outside radius
temperature at the inner surface of the firebrick of 1m and is made of polystyrene foam with a
is 1,230°C and at the outer face of the steel thickness of 1 cm. A heat source keeps the inner
plate is 60°C. Atmosphere 27°C. What is the surface 5.20°C hotter than the outside surface.
value combined coefficient for convection and How much power is produced by the heat
radiation from the outside wall? source? The thermal conductivity of the
A. 31.13 W/m²-K C. 41.3 W/m²-K polystyrene foam is 0.033 W/m-°C.
B. 30.13 W/m²-K D. 40.13 W/m²- A. 200 W C. 300 W
K B. 216 W D. 316 W
One side of refrigerant cold chamber ids An insulated steam pipe located where the
6 m long by 3.7 m high and consist of 168 mm ambient temperature is 32°C, has an inside
thickness of cork between outer and inner walls diameter of 50 mm with 10 mm thick wall. The
of wood. The outer wood wall is 30 mm thick outside diameter of the corrugated asbestos
and its outside face temperature is 20°C, the insulation is 125 mm and the surface coefficient
inner wood wall is 35 mm thick and its inside of still air, ho = 12 W/m²-K. inside the pipe is
face temperature is -3°C. Taking the coefficient steam having a temperature of 150°C with film
of thermal conductivity of cork and wood as coefficient hi = 6000 W/m²-K. Thermal
0.042 and 0.20 W/m-K respectively, calculate conductivity of pipe and asbestos insulation are
the heat transfer per second per sq. m of 45 and 0.12 W/m-K respectively. Determine the
surface area. heat loss per unit length of pipe.
A. 5.138 C. 6.318 A. 110 W
B. 4.138 D. 3.318 B. 120 W
 C. 130 W B. 5.57°C D.
D. 140 W 7.57°C
A pipe 200 mm outside diameter and 20 A wall with an area of 10 m² is made of a 2 cm
m length is covered with a layer, 70 mm thick of thickness of white pine (k=0.113 W/m°C)
insulation having a thermal conductivity of 0.05 followed by 10 cm of brick (k=0.649 W/m°C).
W/m-K and thermal conductance of 10 W/m²-K The pine is on the inside where the
at the outer surface. If the temperature of the temperature is 30°C while the outside
pipe is 350°C and the ambient temperature is temperature is 10°C. Assuming equilibrium
15°C, calculate the external surface conditions exist, what is the temperature at the
temperature of the lagging. interface between the two metals?
A. 32.6°C A. 15.65°C C.
B. 22.6°C 18.21°C
C. 42.6°C B. 17.64°C D.
D. 53.6°C 19.31°C
A copper rod whose diameter is 2 cm A counter flow heat exchanger is
and length 50 cm has one end in boiling water, designed to heat fuel oil from 45°C to 100°C
the other end in a jacket cooled by the flowing while the heating fluid enters at 150°C and
water which enters at 10°C. The thermal leaves at 115°C. Calculate the arithmetic mean
conductivity of the copper is .0102 kCal/m-s-°C. temperature difference.
If 0.20 kg water flows through the jacket in 6 A. 40°C
min, by how much does the temperature of the B. 50°C
water increase? C. 60°C
A. 10.38°C D. 70°C
B. 9.38°C A pipe with an outside diameter of 2.5
C. 11.38°C in is insulated with a 2 in layer of asbestos ( ka
D. 12.38°C = 0.396 Btu-in/hr-ft²-°F), followed by a layer of
How many watts will be radiated from a cork 1.5 in thick ( kc = 0.30 Btu-in/hr-ft²-°F). If
spherical black body 15 cm in diameter at a the temperature of the outer surface of the
temperature of 800°C? cork is 90°F, calculate the heat lost per 100 ft of
A. 5.34 kW insulated pipe. Ti = 290°F.
B. 4.34 kW A. 847.64 Btu/hr
C. 6.34 kW B. 3847.51 Btu/hr
D. 3.34 kW C. 2847.42 Btu/hr
A surface condenser serving 50,000 kW D. 1847.14 Btu/hr
steam turbo generator unit receives exhaust When three different quantities x, y,
steam at the rate of 196,000 kg/hr. Vacuum in and z of the same kind of liquid of temperature
condenser is 702 mm Hg. Sea water for cooling 9, 21 and 38°C respectively, it is found that
enters at 29.5°C and leaves at 37.5°C. For steam when x and y are mixed together the resultant
turbine condenser, manufacturers consider 950 temperature is 17°C and when y and z mixed
Btu/lb of steam turbine condensed as heat together the resultant temperature is 28°C.
given up to cooling water. Calculate the find the resultant temperature if x and z were
logarithmic mean temperature difference. Tsat mixed.
@ 7.733kPa = 40.82°C. A. 29.87°C
A. 4.57°C C. B. 25.92°C
6.57°C C. 20.85°C
D. 24.86°C
 The journals of shaft are 380 mm D. 575 kPa
diameter, it runs at 105 rpm and the coefficient Work done by a substance in reversible
of friction between journals and bearings is non-flow manner in accordance with V = 100/P
0.02. If the average load on the bearing is 200 ft³, Where P is in psia. Evaluate the work done
kN, find the heat generated per minute at the on or by the substance as pressure increase
bearings. from 10 psia to 100 psia.
A. 501.375 kJ A. 33, 157, 22 ft-lb
B. 505.575 kJ B. -33, 157, 22 ft-lb
C. 401.375 kJ C. 43, 157, 22 ft lb
D. 501.575 kJ D. -43, 157, 22 ft lb
A reversed Carnot cycle requires 3 Hp and The following expressions relate to a
extracts energy from a lake to heat a house. if particular gaseuos mass: PV = 95T, h = 120 +
the house is kept at 70°F and requires 2000 Btu 0.60T where this units obtain in psf, V in ft³/lb ,
per minute, what is the temperature of the T in R° and h in Btu/lb. if specific heats are
lake? temperature dependent only find Cp and Cv.
A. 35°F A. 0.6 Btu/lb-R°, 0.48 Btu/lb-°R
B. 36°F B. 0.4 Btu/lb-R°, 0.50 Btu/lb-°R
C. 39°F C. 0.60 Btu/lb-R°, 0.7 Btu/lb-°R
D. 40°F D. 0.50 Btu/lb-R°, 0.48 Btu/lb-°R
An oxygen cylinder of volume 2.3 ft³ has Calculate the change of enthalpy as 1 kg
a pressure of 2200 psig and is at 70°F. of nitrogen is heated from 1000 K to 1500 K,
determine the mass of oxygen in the cylinder. assuming the nitrogen is an ideal gas at a
A. 28.66 lbs constant pressure. The temperature dependent
B. 30.44 lbs specific heat of nitrogen is Cp = 39.06 –
C. 26.88 lbs 512.79 T¹˙⁵ + 1072.7 T˙² - 820.4 T˙³ when Cp is in
D. 34.30 lbs kJ/kg-mol, and T is in K.
A group of 50 persons attend a secret A. 600 kJ
meeting is room which is 12 m wide by 10 m B. 697.27 kJ
long and a ceiling height of 3 m. The room is C. 800 kJ
completely sealed off and insulated. Each D. 897.27 kJ
person each person gives off 150 kCal per hour One kilogram of wet steam at a
of hear and occupies a volume of 0.20 m³. The pressure of 8 bar (υg = 0.2404 m³/kg, υf =
room has an initial pressure of 101.3 kPa and 0.001148 m³/kg) and dryness 0.94 is expanded
temperature of 16°C. Calculate the room until the pressure is 4 bar (υg = 0.4625 m³/kg, υf
temperature after 10 minutes. Use R = 0.287 = 0.0010836 m³/kg). If expansion follows the
kJ/kg-K and Cv = 0.171 kCal/kg-K. law PVⁿ = C, where n = 1.12, find the dryness
A. 33.1 °C C. fraction of the steam at the lower pressure.
38.7°C A. 0.9072
B. 37.7°C D. B. 0.4197
31.7°C C. 0.2260
The flow energy of 124 liters per minute D. 0.2404
of a fluid passing a boundary to system is 108.5 2.5 liters of superheated steam at 25
kJ/min. Determine the pressure at this point. bar and 400°C (υ = 0.1252 m³/kg) is expanded in
A. 875 kPa an engine to a pressure of 0.1 bar (υg = 14.674
B. 675 kPa m³/kg, υf = 0.0010102 m³/kg) when its dryness
C. 975 kPa
fraction is 0.9. Find the final volume if the B. 15.76 kgair/kgfuel
steam. C. 16.75 kgair/kgfuel
A. 163.74 liters D. 17.65 kgair/kgfuel
B. 263.24 liters Fuel oil in a day tank for use of an
C. 363.74 liters industrial boiler is tested with hydrometer. The
D. 463.74 liters hydrometer reading indicates a S.G. = 0.924
A 1.5 kg of wet steam at a pressure of 5 when the temperature of the oil in the is 35°C.
bar (hf = 640 kJ/kg, hfg = 2109 kJ/kg) dryness Calculate the higher heating value of the fuel.
0.95 is blown into 70 liters of water of 12°C (h = A. 43,852.13 kJ/kg
50.4 kJ/kg). Find the final enthalpy of the B. 53,852.13 kJ/kg
mixture. C. 58,352.13 kJ/kg
A. 74.80 kJ/kg D. 48,352.13 kJ/kg
B. 84.80 kJ/kg A diesel electric plant supplies energy for
C. 94.80 kJ/kg Meralco. During a 24hr period, the plant
D. 104.80 kJ/kg consumed 200 gallons of fuel at 28°C and
Wet saturated at 16 bar (hf = 859 kJ/kg, hfg = produced 3930 kW-hr. Industrial fuel used is
1935 kJ/kg) reducing valve and is throttled to a 28°API and was purchased at P5.50 per liter at
pressure of 8 bar (hf = 721 kJ/kg, hfg = 2048 15.6°C. What should the cost of fuel be produce
kJ/kg ). Find the dryness fraction of the reduced one kW-hr?
pressure steam. A. P1.05
A. 0.8833 B. P1.10
B. 0.7733 C. 1.069
C. 0.9933 D. 1.00
D. 0.6633 A certain coal has the following
Calculate the higher heating value of ultimate analysis:
liquid dodecane fuel. The chemical formula C = 70.5% H = 4.5% O₂ = 6%
Dodecane is C12H26. N₂ = 1.0% S = 3.0% Ash =
A. 48,255 kJ/kg 11% Moisture = 4 %
B. 55,641 kJ/kg A stoker fired boiler of 175, 000 kg/hr
C. 60,221 kJ/kg steaming capacity uses this coal as fuel.
D. 35,245 kJ/kg Calculate the volume of air in m³/hr with air at
A 650 BHP diesel engine uses foil oil of 60°F (15.6°F) and 14.7 psia (101.325 kPa) the
28°API gravity, fuel consumption is 0.65 lb/BHP- coal is burned with 30% excess air. Boiler
HR. Cost of fuel is 7.95 per liter. For continuous efficiency of 70% and factor of evaporation of
operation, determine the minimum volume of 1.10.
cubical day tank in cm³, ambient temperature is A. 212, 816.04 m³/hr
45°C. B. 221, 861.04 m³/hr
A. 4,372,890 cm³ C. 218, 261.04 m³/hr
B. 5,987,909 cm³ D. 281, 261.04 m³/hr
C. 5,291,880 cm³ A diesel power plant consumed 1 m³ of
D. 7,352,789 cm³ fuel with 30°API at 27°C in 24 hrs. Calculate the
A typical industrial fuel oil, C16H32 with fuel rate in kg/hr.
20% excess air by weight. Assuming complete A. 36.21
oxidation of the fuel, calculate the actual air- B. 26.25
fuel ratio by weight. C. 29.34
A. 17.56 kgair/kgfuel D. 39.42
 A diesel power plant uses fuel with The heating value of fuel supplied in a
heating value of 43, 000 kJ/kg. What is the boiler is 40,000 kJ/kg. if the factor of
density of the fuel at 25°C. evaporation is 1.10 and the actual specific
A. 840 kg/m³ evaporation is 10, what is the efficiency of
B. 873 kg/m³ the boiler ?
C. 970 kg/m³ A. 62.07%
D. 940 kg/m³ B.53.08%
A fuel oil has the following contents: C.78.05%
85.5% carbon, 11.9% hydrogen, 1.6% oxygen, D.54.97
and 1% impurities. Calculate the percentage A boiler contains 3.5 tons of water
CO₂ in the flue gas for complete combustion. initially having 40 ppm dissolved solids and
A. 20.94% after 24 hrs dissolved solids in the water is
B. 30.94% 2500 ppm. If the feed rate 875 kg/hr, find
C. 35.5% the ppm of dissolved solids contained in the
D. 17.56% feed water.
A. 410 ppm
a water tube boiler has a capacity of B.320 ppm
1000 kg/hr of steam. The factor of C.390 ppm
evaporation of 1.3, boiler rating 200%, D. 420 ppm
boiler efficiency is 65%, heating surface A travelling-grate stoker can burn
area is 0.91 m² per bo. Hp , and the bituminous coal with 10% moisture and
heating value of fuel is 18,400 kCal/kg. 10% ash at rate of 500,000 BTU/hr-ft². a
the total coal available in the bunker is boiler with a steam rating of 200,000 lb/hr
50,000 kg. determine the no. of hours will be fired with the above fuel having a
to consume the available of fuel. high heat value of 12,200 BTU/lb. if the
boiler efficiency is 80%, and if it takes 1000
A. 853.36 Hrs BTU to evaporate and superheat one pound
B. 706.57 Hrs of feed water to the desired temperature,
C. 979.46 Hrs find the hourly coal supply and grate area
100.75 Hrs needed.
Two boilers are operating steadily on A. 20,500 lb, 500 ft²
91000 kg of coal contained in a bunker. One B. 26,400 lb, 700 ft²
boiler is producing 1591 kg steam per hour C. 28,200 lb, 400 ft²
at 1.2 factor of evaporation and an D. 22,600 lb, 200 ft²
efficiency of 65% and another boiler what is the rate of evaporation of a water tube
produced 1364 kg of steam per hour at 1.15 boiler if the factor of evaporation is 1.10,
factor of evaporation and an efficiency of percent rating of 200% and the heating surface
60%. How many hours will the coal in the area is 250 m²
bunker run the boilers if the heating value A. 7,817.16 kg/hr
of coal is 7,590 kCal/kg? B.7,898.67 kg/hr
C. 6,789.45 kg/hr
A. 230.80 hrs D. 5,768.54 kg/hr
B. 280.54 hrs Steam is admitted to the cylinder of an
C. 350.35 hrs engine in such a manner the average pressure is
D.300.54 120 psi. the diameter of the piston is 10 in. and
the length of the stroke is 12 in. what is the Hp If the conditioned space receives 80,000
of the engine when it is making 300 rpm? kg of air per hour and air supply temperature
A. 171.5 HP rises by 1bout 10 deg. C and air picks up latent
B.175 Hp heat of about 150 kW. Determine the sensible
C. 173.2 Hp heat factor of the system.
D. 174.4 Hp A. 0.597
Steam enters a turbine stage with an B. 0.554
enthalpy of 3628 kJ/kg at 70 m/s and leaves the C. 0.612
same stage with an enthalpy of 2846 kJ/kg and D. 0.509
a velocity of 124 m/s. Calculate the power if For a certain drier, the feed has a moist
there are 5 kg/s steam admitted at the turbine regain of 160 %. Determine the percent
throttle? moisture of the feed.
A. 4597.45 KW A. 60
B.3976.55 KW B. 62.43
C. 3883.81 KW C. 61.54
D. 1675.42 KW D. 50
steam with an enthalpy of 800 kCal/kg Compute the air flow in ft³/min of
enters a nozzle at a velocity of 80 m/s. find the mechanical ventilation required to exhaust an
velocity of the steam at the exit of the nozzle if accumulation of refrigerant due to leaks of the
its enthalpy is reduced to 750 kCal/kg, assuming system capable of revolving air from the
the nozzle is horizontal and disregarding heat machinery room for a mass of 4 lbs refrigerant.
losses. Take g= 9.81 m/s² and J constant = 427 A. 200
kg m/kCal. B. 210
A. 452.37 m/s C. 220
B.245.45 m/s D. 230
C. 651.92 m/s An amount of air with DB temperature
D. 427.54 m/s of 35 deg. C WB temperature of 28 deg. C is
Steam is expanded through a nozzle pass through an air conditioner and exhaust at a
and the enthalpy drop per kg of steam from the DB temperature of 24 deg. C and RH of 50%.
initial pressure to the final pressure is 60 kJ. Cooling coil temperature is approximately 18
Neglecting friction, find the velocity of deg. C. determine the by-pass factor of the air
discharge and the exit area of the nozzle to pass conditioning system.
0.20 kg/s if the specific volume of the steam at A. 0.69
exit is 1.5 m³/kg. B. 0.43
A. 346.4 m/s , 879 m² C. 0.26
B.356.7 m/s , 278 m² D. 0.35
C. 765.6 m/s , 467 m² Compute the free-aperture cross
D. 346.4 m/s , 866 m² section in m² for the ventilation of a machinery
A window type air conditioner is rated with room if the mass of refrigerant is 9 kg.
compressor power of 1 hp. The unit has an EER A. 0.314
of 11.1. determine the maximum cooling B. 0.414
capacity of the unit in tons of refrigeration. C. 0.514
A. 0.54 D. 0.614
B. 0.63 A commercial air-conditioner is rated by
C. 0.69 means of its EER or energy efficiency ration. For
D. 0.51 a certain air conditioner with a cooling capacity
of 4 kW and requires 1000 W, approximate the C. 4.258 lb
EER of this unit. D. 2.258 lb
A. 13.65 Air flows in a duct at pressure of 150
B. 12.80 kPa with a velocity of 200 m/s. The temperature
C. 10.10 of the air is 310 K. Determine the isentropic
D. 11.11 stagnation temperature.
The cooling water leaves the condenser A. 320
at 60 deg. C and leaves the cooling tower at 35 B. 332
deg. C DB and 28 deg. C WB. Determine the C. 341
cooling tower efficiency. D. 361
A. 41.67 A refrigeration system consumed
B. 80 28,800 kW-hr per month of energy. There are
C. 78 20% of energy is lost due to cooling system of
D. 53.33 compressor and motor efficiency is 90%. If COP
Find the COP of the refrigerator whose if the system is 6, find the tons of refrigeration
energy supply equals one-fourth the amount of of the system.
heat it extracts. A. 43.15 TR
A. 3 B. 46.15 TR
B. 4 C. 49.15 TR
C. 5 D. 41.15 TR
D. 2 A 23 tons refrigeration system has a
Wet material containing 220 % heat rejected of 100 kW. Find the energy
moisture (dry basis) is to be direct at the rate of efficiency ratio of the system.
1.5 kg/s in a continuous dryer to give a product A. 13.42
containing 10% (dry basis). Find the moisture B. 14.42
removed, kg/hr C. 15.42
A. 3543.75 kg/hr D. 16.42
B. 3513.75 kg/hr If the energy efficiency ratio of the
C. 3563.75 kg/hr refrigeration system is 12.6. What is the COP of
D. 3563.75 kg/hr the system?
An air conditioning engineer has given A. 3.69
the following data to be air conditioned: Room B. 4.23
latent heat gain 10,000 Btu/hr. outside C. 5.92
condition 95 deg. F DB and 75 deg. F WB. Inside D. 6.83
condition 50 deg. F. calculate the refrigeration A rectangular duct section 35 cm x 50
tonnage required with 10% factor of safety. cm size carries 75 m³/min of air having density
A. 5.5 of 1.15 kg/m³. Determine the equivalent
B. 3.5 diameter of circular duct if the quantity of air
C. 1.5 carried in both cases is the same.
D. 6.5 A. 0.26 m
Copra enters a dryer containing 70% B. 0.36 m
moisture and leaves at 7% moisture. Find the C. 0.46 m
moisture removed on each pound of solid in D. 0.56 m
final product. A rectangular duct section 35 cm x 50
A. 6.258 lb cm size carries 75 m³/min of air having density
B. 1.258 lb of 1.15 kg/m³. If the friction factor of sheet
metal is 0.01, find the pressure loss per 100 m A. 0.000475
length of duct. B. 0.000365
A. 29 mm H₂O C. 0.000375
B. 36 mm H₂O D. 0.000485
C. 25 mm H₂O A reversed Carnot cycle air refrigeration
D. 35 mm H₂O equipment has a compressor working with a
A three stage air compressor air from compression ration of 12. the temperature
100 kPa to 1000 kPa. Find the intercooler limits of the cycle are 300 K and 270 K.
pressure between the first stage and second determine the refrigerating effect of the unit.
stage. A. 2.45 TR
A. 505.44 kPa B. 1.86 TR
B. 108.44 kPa C. 2.06 TR
C. 316.23 kPa D. 1.26 TR
D. 215.23 kPa A refrigeration system produces 20
A 10-stages air compressor compresses kg/hr of ice from water at 20 deg. C. Find the
air from 100 kPa to 800 kPa. Find the tonnage of the unit.
intercooler pressure between the first and A. 0.66
second stage. B. 0.55
A. 282.84 kPa C. 0.77
B. 113.21 kPa D. 0.88
C. 123.11 kPa Determine the mass of ice produced
D. 335.51 kPa from water per day for the following conditions:
A circular duct of 40 cm is selected to water temperature 22 deg. C, tonnage of the
carry air in an air-conditioned space at a unit 150 tons, operating temperature 22 deg. C
velocity of 440 m/min. to keep the noise at and 28 deg. C, latent heat of ice 33o KJ/kg.
desired level. If this duct is replaced by a A. 107,498 kg
rectangular duct of aspect ratio 1.5, find the B. 120,465 kg
size of the rectangular duct for equal friction C. 134,112 kg
method when the velocity of air in two ducts is D. 140,362 kg
same. A research laboratory building is to be
A. 45 cm x 30 cm heated and ventilated. Air is to be supplied to a
B. 40 cm x 25 cm room 12 m by 18 m from the outside at the rate
C. 50 cm x 35 cm of 1 m3/min air replacement for each square
D. 30 cm x 15 cm meter of floor space. The design condition
A 3-stages air compressor compresses include 20 deg. C room temperature and – 20
air from 100 kPa to 700 kPa. Find the deg. C outside air temperature. In addition the
intercooler pressure between the 2nd and 3rd pressure in the room is to be maintained at a
stage. positive pressure of 7 kPa, to ensure that there
A. 365.88 kPa will be no air leakage into the laboratory. How
B. 375.88 kPa much heat would be required to condition the
C. 385.88 kPa air for this room.
D. 395.88 kPa A. 177.11 kW
A galvanized steel duct of 0.4 m B. 154.8 kW
diameter and 20 m long carries air at 20 deg. C C. 168.7 kW
and 1.013 bar. If the surface roughness for the D. 185.3 kW
duct is 0.15 mm, find the roughness factor.
 What should be the cooling The suction pressure of a 4-stage
requirement due to emission of body to compressor is 140 kPa. It compresses air at the
maintain a comfortable temperature in a dance rate of 15 m³/min, clearance is about 8% and
hall that had an attendance of 1500 people if it 200 rpm. The compressor discharges
has been determined that 75% of the people compresses air at a pressure of 1000 kPa. If the
will be dancing and others will be seated. Test compressor uses inter cooling determine the
have shown that an adult will give off 71.8 W of ideal pressure at the first stage intercooler.
sensible heat while engaging in moderate A. 228.87 kPa
dancing and 57.1 W of sensible heat while B. 345.67 kPa
sitting. The latent heat emissions for similar C. 453.45 kPa
situation have been found to equal 177.3 W for D. 345.45 kPa
dancers and 45.5 W for sitters. One kilogram of air is compressed
A. 200 kW adiabatically and in a steady flow manner. The
B. 267 kW compression efficiency is 80% and the work
C. 301 kW done on the air is 265 kJ/kg. compute the heat.
D. 319 kW A. 212 kJ/kg
A refrigerator is rated at a USA one ton B. 100 kJ/kg
capacity. It maintains a cooling temperature of C. 0 kJ/kg
4.4 deg. C ( evaporator temperature ). A D. 331.25 kJ/kg
refrigerant with refrigerant effect of 136 kJ/kg is About 3 Hp per ton is required to
in the condenser just ahead of the expansion maintain a temperature of – 40 deg. C in a
valve. If the refrigerant vapor has a density of refrigerator. If the refrigerator works on the
19.80 kg/m³, what should be the capacity of the reversed Carnot cycle, determine the heat
compressor? rejected to the sink per ton of refrigeration.
A. 0.078 m³ / min A. 69.72 kCal/min
B. 0.091 m³ / min B. 70.44 kCal/min
C. 0.102 m³ / min C. 81.61 kCal/min
D. 0.113 m³ / min D. 84.65 kCal/min
Three hundred kilojoules of heat flow An air compressor consumed 1200 kW-
by conduction from the outside to the inside of hr per day of energy. The electric motor driving
a cold storage in one hour. If the temperature the compressor has an efficiency of 80%. If
and all other conditions are the same, what is indicated power of the compressor is 34 kW,
the heat flowing through the cold storage room find the mechanical efficiency of the
in two hours. compressor.
A. 600 kJ A. 117.65%
B. 900 kJ B. 75%
C. 300 kJ C. 85%
D. 1,200 kJ D. 90%
The heat pump has a performance
factor of 8.0. If the heat pump is use as a A 15 in. diameter fan operates at 1600 rpm and
refrigerator, what is the required horsepower develops a head of 6 in. of water and delivers
per ton of refrigeration? 120 cfm. What volumetric capacity for
A. 0.942 geometrically similar fan that will develop 6 in.
B. 0.456 of water at 1300 rpm?
C. 0.765
D. 0.673 E. 147.70 cfm
F. 181.8 cfm
 G. 97.5 cmf E. 2570 kW
H. 79.2 cfm F. 3133 kW
G. 3820 kW
Answer: B H. 262 kW

A radial-flow pump operating at maximum Answer: A

efficiency at a specific speed of 2500 is to What type of turbine delivers 25,000 bhp at 500
deliver 260 gpm against a heat of 129 ft at a rpm under a net head of 5350 ft
rotative speed of 2100 rpm. Find the required
number of stager (i.e., impellers) E. Impulse turbine
F. Francis turbine
E. 2 stages G. Kaplan turbine
F. 3 stages H. Propeller
G. 4 stages
H. 5 stages Answer: A
26-Hp pump delivers 475 gpm of gasoline
Answer: C (γ=42.5 lb/ft3) at 200C with 78% efficiency. What
pressure rise result across the pump?
How many identical turbines, operating at 139.0
rpm at 191% efficiency (specific speed = 5.4), E. 30.2 psi
are needed to exploit a head of 1200 ft and a F. 32.7 psi
flow of 1660 ft/s. G. 120.3 psi
H. 73.2 psi
E. 2 turbines
F. 3 turbines Answer: D
G. 4 turbines A model pump delivering water at 1800F
H. 5 turbines (γ=60.6 lb/ft3 ; ρ=7.54 psia) at 900 gpm and
2500 rpm begins to cavitate when the inlet
Answer: B pressure and velocity are 13 psia and 22 fps.
Find the required NPSH of a prototype which is
How many poles a should a 60-Hz generator 4 times larger and runs at 1100 rpm.
have, if it is connected to a turbine operating
under a design head of 3000ft with a flow of 82 E. 63.5 ft
cfs? Assume turbine specific speed and F. 20.49 ft
efficiency 3 and 84 percent respectively. G. 6.61 ft
H. 36 ft
E. 10-pole
F. 12-pole Answer: A
G. 14-pole
H. 16-pole The diameter of the discharge pipe is 8 in and
that of the intake pipe is 10 in. the pressure
Answer: D gage at discharge reads 32 psi, and vacuum
It is proposed to build a dam in a river where gage at the intake reads 12 in Hg. If the
the flow rate is 10 m3/s and a 32m drop in discharge flow rate = 4.0 ft3/s of water and the
elevation can be achieved for flow through a brake horse power is 49.0, find the efficiency.
turbine. If the turbine is 82 percent efficient, The intake and the discharge are at the same
what maximum power that can be achieved? elevation.
Specific gravity of river water is 0.998
E. 82.1 %
 F. 80.9 % A double-overhung impulse-turbine installation
G. 55.8 % is to develop 20,000 hp at 275 rpm under a net
H. 58.46 % head of 11,000 ft. determine the specific speed.

Answer: A E. 4.34
A piston positive-displacement pump (PDP) has F. 6.14
6-in diameter and a 2.5 in stroke. Its crankshaft G. 203.61
rotates at 300 rpm. Calculate its output at 94 H. 144
percent volumetric efficiency.
Answer: A
E. 12.27 cfm An impulse wheel at best produces 125 hp
F. 13.5 cfm under a head of 210 ft. by what percent should
G. 10 cfm the speed be increased for a 290-ft head?
H. 11.53 cfm
E. 82.5 %
Answer: D F. 17.5 %
A centrifugal pump (efficiency 88%) lifts water G. 72.41 %
through a total height of 40m from reservoir to H. 71.59 %
discharge. Pumping is through 300 m of 75 mm
diameter pipe at the rate of 20 liters/sec. if pipe Answer: B
friction factor, f=0.025, what horsepower is What is the power ratio of a pump and its 1/5
required? scale model if the ratio of head is 4 to 1?

E. 28.4 kW E. 20
F. 32.2 kW F. 200
G. 25 kW G. 12.5
H. 9 kW H. 125

Answer: B Answer: B
The speed of a centrifugal pump is doubled. By
In order to predict the behavior of a small oil what factor does the pump head change?
pump, test are to be made on a model using air, E. 0.125
the oil pump is to be driven by a 1/20-hp motor F. 0.25
a t 1800 rpm and ¼-hp motor is available to G. 4
drive the air pump at 600 rpm. Using specific H. 8
gravity of oil at 0.912 and density of air constant
at 0.076 lb/ft3, what size model should be built? Answer: C
A 650 BHP diesel engine uses fuel oil of 280API
E. The model should be 2 times as large as gravity, fuel consumption is 0.65 lb/BHP-hr.
the oil pump Cost of fuel is P 7.95 per liter. For continuous
F. The model should be 5 times as large as operation, determine the minimum volume of
the oil pump cubical day tank in cm3, ambient temperature is
G. The model should be 8 times as large as 450C.
the oil pump
H. The model should be 10 times as large E. 4,372,890 cm3
as the oil pump F. 5,987,909 cm3
G. 5,291,880 cm3
Answer: D H. 7,352,789 cm3
Answer: C with 30% excess air. Boiler efficiency of 70% and
A typical industrial fuel oil, C16H32 with 20% factor of evaporation of 1.10.
excess air by weight. Assuming complete
oxidation of the fuel, calculate the actual air- E. 212,861.04 m3/hr
fuel ratio by weight. F. 221,861.04 m3/hr
G. 218,261.04 m3/hr
E. 17.56 kgair/kgfuel H. 281,261.04 m3/hr
F. 15.76 kgair/kgfuel
G. 16.75 kgair/kgfuel Answer: A
H. 17.65 kgair/kgfuel A diesel power plant consumed 1m3 of fuel with
300API at 270C in 24 hrs. Calculate the fuel rate
Answer: D in kg/hr.
Fuel oil in a day tank for use of an industrial
boiler is tested with hydrometer. The E. 36.21
hydrometer reading indicates a S.G. = 0.924 F. 26.25
when the temperature of the oil in the tank is G. 29.34
350C. Calculate the higher heating value of the H. 39.42
fuel. Answer: A
E. 43,852.13 kJ/kg A diesel power plant uses fuel with heating
F. 53,853.13 kJ/kg value of 43,000 kJ/kg. What is the density of the
G. 58,352.13 kJ/kg fuel at 250C?
H. 48,352.13 kJ/kg E. 840 kg/m3
Answer: A F. 873 kg/m3
A diesel electric plant supplies energy for G. 970 kg/m3
Meralco. During a 24 hr period, the plant H. 940 kg/m3
consumed at 700 gallons of fuel at 280C and Answer: C
produce 3930 kW-hr. industrial fuel used is A water tube boiler has a capacity of 1000 kg/hr
280API and was purchased at P 5.50 per liter at of steam. The factor of evaporation is 1.3, boiler
15.60C. What should the cost of fuel be produce rating is 200%, boiler efficiency is 65%, heating
one kW-hr? surface area is 0.91 m2 per bo. HP, and the
E. 1.05 heating value of fuel is 18,400 kCal/kg. the total
F. 1.10 coal available in the bunker is 50,000 kg.
G. 1.069 Determine the no. of hrs to consume the
H. 1.00 available fuel.

Answer: A E. 853.36 hrs

A certain coal has the following ultimate F. 706.57 hrs
analysis: G. 979.46 hrs
C = 70.5% H = 4.5% O2 = 6% H. 100.75 hrs
N2 = 1.0% Answer: A
S = 3.0 % Ash = 11% Moisture = 4% Two boilers are operating steadily on 91,000 kg
A stoker fired boiler of 175,000 kg/hr steaming of coal contained in a bunker. One boiler is
capacity uses this coal as fuel. Calculate the producing 1591 kg of steam per hour at 1.2
volume of air in m3/hr with air at 600F (15.60F) factor of evaporation and an efficiency of 65%
and 14.7 psia (101.325 kPa) the coal is burned and another boiler produce 136 kg of steam per
hour at 1.15 factor of evaporation and an are 5 kg/s steam admitted and the turbine
efficiency of 60%. How many hrs will the coal in throttle?
the bunker run the boilers If the heating value
of coal is 7,590 kCal/kg? E. 4597.45 kW
F. 3976.55 kW
E. 230.80 hrs G. 3883.81 kW
F. 280.54 hrs H. 1675.42 Kw
G. 350.35 hrs
H. 300.54 hrs Answer: C
Compute the specific volume of an air-vapor
Answer: A mixture in cubic meters per kilogram of dry air
The heating value of fuel supplied in a boiler is when the following conditions prevail: t = 400C,
40,000 kJ/kg. If the factor of evaporation is 1.10 w = 0.015 kg/kg, and Pt = 100 kPa.
and the actual specific evaporation is 10. What
is the efficiency of the boiler? E. 0.99 m3/kg
F. 0.89 m3/kg
E. 62.07 % G. 0.79 m3/kg
F. 53.08 % H. 0.69 m3/kg
G. 78.05 %
H. 54.97 % Answer: A
A coil has an inlet temperature of 700F and
Answer: A outlet of 800F. if the mean temperature of the
What is the rate of evaporation of a water tube coil is 1300F, find the bypass factor of the coil.
boiler if the factor of evaporation is 1.10
percent rating of 200% and the heating surface E. 0.28
area is 250 m2? F. 1.20
G. 0.82
E. 7,817.16 kg/hr H. 0.83
F. 7,898.67 kg/hr
G. 6,789.45 kg/hr Compute the pressure drop of 350C al flowing a
H. 5,768.54 kg/hr mean velocity of 5 m/s in a circular sheet-metal
duct 400mm in diameter and 25m long. Use a
Answer: A friction factor, f = 0.04, and ρair = 1.3799 kg/m3.
Steam is admitted to the cylinder of an engine
in such manner the average pressure is 120 psi. E. 431.22 Pa
The diameter of the piston is 10 in. and the F. 221.34 Pa
length of stroke is 12 in. What is the Hp of the G. 312.24 Pa
engine when it is making 300 rpm? H. 422.31 Pa

E. 171.4 Hp Answer: A
F. 175 Hp A 1.5 kg of wet stream at a pressure of 5 bar (h
G. 173.2 Hp = 640 kJ/kg, h = 2109 kJ/kg) dryness 0.95 is
H. 174 Hp blown into 70 liters of water of 120C (h = 50.4
kJ/kg). Find the final enthalpy of the mixture.
Answer: A
Steam enters a turbine stage with an enthalpy E. 74.80 kJ/kg
of 3628 kJ/kg at 70 m/s and leaves the same F. 84.80 kJ/kg
stage with an enthalpy of 2846 kJ/kg and a G. 94.80 kJ/kg
velocity of 124 m/s. Calculate the power if there H. 104.80 kJ/kg
 H. 9.420
Answer: D
The absolute pressure at a the bottom of a Answer: D
vertical column of water is 15.5 psia. What is A cylinder weighs 15 lbf. Its cross sectional area
the height of this column? is 40 square inches. When the cylinder stands
vertically on one end, what pressure does the
E. 22 in cylinder exert on the floor?
F. 9.2 in
G. 12 in E. 14.1 kPa
H. 9.8 F. 58.2 kPa
G. 0.258 kPa
Answer: A H. 0.141 kPa
Water temperature rise of 180F in the water
cooled condenser is equivalent in 0C to Answer: C
What is the absolute pressure exerted on the
E. 7.78 0C surface of a submarine cruising 300 ft below the
F. 10 0C free surface of the sea? Assume specific gravity
G. 263.56 0C of sea water is 1.03
H. -9.44 0C
E. 133.9 psia
Answer: B F. 148.6 psia
An oil storage tank contains oil with specific G. 100.7 psia
gravity of 0.88 and depth of 20 meters. What is H. 103.7 psia
the hydrostatic pressure at the bottom of the
tank in kg/cm2? Answer: B
Air enters a nozzle steadily at 2.21 kg/m3 and 30
E. 1.67 m/s. what is the mass flow rate through the
F. 1.76 nozzle if the inlet area of the nozzle is 80 cm2
G. 1.56
H. 1.87 E. 0.35 kg/s
F. 3.5 kg/s
Answer: B G. 5.3 kg/s
A vertical column of water will be supported to H. 0.53 kg/s
what height by standard atmospheric pressure?
Answer: D
E. 34 ft The work required to accelerate an 800-kg car
F. 36 ft from rest to 100 km/hr on a level road:
G. 24 ft
H. 26 ft E. 308.6 kJ
F. 806.3 kJ
Answer: A G. 608.3 kJ
H. 386 kJ

The specific weight of liquid is 60 lb/ft3 what is Answer: A

the equivalent to kN/m3 Assuming that there are no heat effects and no
friction effects, find the speed of a 3220-lbm
E. 9.334 body after it falls 778 ft from rest.
F. 9.249
G. 9.643 E. 422 ft/sec
F. 424 ft/sec
 G. 224 ft/sec H. 60.5 hp
H. 424 ft/sec
Answer: B
Answer: C Pump at its best efficiency point (BEP) has a
What is the flow rate through a pipe 4 inches in capacity of 10,500 gpm while developing a head
diameter carrying water at a velocity of of 60 ft at a rotative speed of 1450 rpm. What is
11ft/sec? the specific speed of the pump?

E. 430.84 gpm E. 2760

F. 7.18 gpm F. 1450
G. 340.28 gpm G. 2476
H. 39.16 gpm H. 6892

Answer: A Answer: D
The specific weight of a liquid is 58.5 lbf per A pump will be installed below the reservoir
cubic foot, what is the specific volume of the water surface with a required net positive
liquid cm3/g? suction head (NPSHR) of 50 ft. the barometric
pressure is 14.3 psia, and the vapor pressure is
E. 0.5321 cm3/g 0.5 psia. Assume friction losses in the intake
F. 0.6748 cm3/g piping are 5 ft. find the maximum allowable
G. 0.9504 cm3/g elevation of the pump relative to the water
H. 1.0675 cm3/g surface intake to avoid cavitation.
Answer: D E. 45 ft
What is the resulting pressure when one pound F. 55 ft
of air at 0.3 psig and 2000F is heated at constant G. 18.2 ft
volume to 8000F? H. 23.2 ft
E. 0.572 psig Answer: D
F. 28.6 psia Centrifugal pump at best efficiency (BEP).
G. 7.857 psia Assuming the pump characteristic are head, h =
H. 1.2 psig 7m, flow rate, Q = 19 liters/sec, and rotative
Answer: B speed n = 1170 rpm. Find the specific speed in
SI units.

E. 0.4
F. 0.71
A small pump serving as model, when tested in G. 10.41
laboratory using water at 3600 rpm, delivered H. 3.94
3.0cfs at a head of 125 ft. if the efficiency of this
model pump is 84%. Predict the horse power Answer: B
input to the prototype pump if it is to develop
the same head as model pump and the model The refrigerant volume flow rate at entrance at
pump has a scale ratio of 1:10. Assume the the entrance of compressor were obtained
efficiency of the prototype pump 90%. from a test on a twin cylinder, single acting 15
cm x 20 cm, 320 rpm compressor ammonia
E. 50.6 hp refrigerating plant to be 33 L/s. Determine the
F. 4730 hp volumetric efficiency of the compressor.
G. 4740 hp E. 77.65 %
 F. 87.6 % discharge and condenser inlet, determine the
G. 97.6 TR refrigerating capacity of the system.
H. 65.65 % E. 49.5 TR
Answer: B F. 46.61 TR
A twin cylinder ammonia compressor with G. 12.88 TR
volume displacement of 14,726 cm3 operates at H. 13.24 TR
300 rpm. Condenser and evaporator pressure Answer: A
are 1200 kPa and 227 kPa respectively. Specific A 35.0 mL sample of gas is enclosed in a flask at
volume of refrigerant at the entrance of 22 degrees Celsius. If the flask was placed in an
compressor is 528.26 L/kg. Compression ice bath at 0 degrees Celsius, what would the
process is polytropic with n = 1.2 and clearance new gas volume be if the pressure is held
factor of compressor is 2 percent. Determine constant?
horsepower required. E. 34.1 ml
E. 60 hp F. 31.1 ml
F. 70 hp G. 32.39 ml
G. 80 hp H. 33.1 ml
H. 90 hp Answer: C
Answer: C A car engine with a power output of 65 hp has a
Three thousand cubic feet per minute of air are thermal efficiency of 24%. Determine the fuel
circulated over an air-cooled condenser. If the consumption rate of this car if the fuel has
load on the condenser is 64,800 Btu/hr, heating value of 19,000 Btu/lbm.
compute the temperature rise of the air passing E. 36.28 lb/hr
over the condenser. Specific volume of standard F. 37.28 lb/hr
air (13.34 ft3/lb). G. 37.28 lb/hr
E. 10 0F H. 35.30 lb/hr
F. 15 0F Answer: A
G. 20 0F The thermal efficiency of a carnot cycle
H. 25 0F operating between 170 0C and 620 0C to:
Answer: C E. 44%
A reversed Carnot cycle has a refrigerating COP F. 50%
of 2.5. Determine the ratio TH/TL? G. 63%
E. 1.4 H. 73%
F. 1.5 Answer: B
G. 1.25 Compute the humidity ratio of air at 70%
H. 1.2 relative humidity and 25 0C when the
Answer: A barometric pressure is 101.325 kPa. From
Saturated vapor ammonia at -16 0C (h7 = steam tables: Psat 34 0C = 3.169 kPa.
1442.60 kJ/kg) leaves the evaporator and enters E. 0.014 kg water vapor/kg dry air
the compressor at -6 0C (h1 = 1465 kJ/kg). The F. 0.14 kg water vapor/kg dry air
refrigerant leaves the condenser as saturated G. 1.4 kg water vapor/kg dry air
liquid at 40 0C (h4 = 390.6 kJ/kg). Heat rejected H. 0.0014 kg water vapor/kg dry air
from the condenser amount to 50 kW. The work Answer: A
to compressor is 208 kJ/kg, while the heat loss A pressure gage registers 50 psig in a region
from compressor is 33 kJ/kg. If 9.5 kJ/kg of heat where the barometer reads 14.8 psia. Find the
are lost in the piping between the compressor absolute pressure in kPa.
E. 666.66 kPa
 F. 556.66 kPa E. 43.35 0C
G. 446.66 kPa F. 53.45 0C
H. 336.66 kPa G. 63.66 0C
Answer: C H. 74.34 0C
Consider 1 kg of air at 32 0C that expanded by a Answer: C
reversible polytropic process with n = 1.25 until One kilogram of air is compressed adiabatically
the pressure is halved: Determine the heat and in a steady-flow manner. The compression
transfer. Specific heat at constant volume for air efficiency is 80% and the work done on the air is
is 0.1786 kJ/kg.K. 265kJ/kg. Compute the heat.
E. 17.02 kJ heat rejected E. 212 kJ/kg
F. 17.02 kJ added F. 100 kJ/kg
G. 7.05 kJ heat rejected G. 0 kJ/kg
H. 7.05 kJ added H. 331.25 kJ/kg
Answer: B Answer: C
Fifty kilograms of cooling water per second Three-hundred kilojoules of heat flow by
enter the condenser at 25 0C and leaves at 50 conduction from the outside to the inside of a
0
C. Find the heat carried away by water. cold storage in one hour. If the temperature
E. 1234.45 kW and all other conditions are the same, what is
F. 5233.75kW the heat flowing through the cold storage room
G. 2340.52 kW in two hours?
H. 3140.25 kW E. 600 kJ
Answer: B F. 900kJ
Ten kilograms per second of steam enter the G. 300kJ
turbine with an enthalpy of 3200 kJ/kg and H. 1,200 kJ
enter the condenser with an enthalpy of 2500 Answer: A
kJ/kg in Rankine cycle. If the turbine efficiency is Determine the specific weight of air at 760
80% and the generator efficiency is 90%, mmHg absolute and 22 0C?
determine the power plant output. E. 3.517 kW
E. 4320 kW F. 12,000 kW
F. 3213 kW G. 211 kJ/min
G. 4056 kW H. All of the above
H. 5040 kW Answer: D
Answer: D Find the work process for a Helium gas at 20 0C
Determine the quality of steam in a vessel E. 609 kJ/kg
containing 2 kg of saturated vapor and 8 kg of F. 168 kJ/kg
saturated liquid. G. 229 kJ/kg
E. 100% H. 339 kJ/kg
F. 20% Answer: A
G. 80% Two kilogram of gas is confined in a 1m3 tank at
H. 60% 200 kPa and 88 0C. What type of gas is in the
Answer: B tank?
The condenser of reheat power plant rejects E. Helium
heat at the rate of 500 kW. The mass flow rate F. Ethane
of cooling water is 5 kg/s and the inlet cooling G. Methane
water temperature is 35 0C. Calculate the H. Ethane
condenser cooling water exit temperature. Answer: B
Find the enthalpy of Helium if its internal E. 0.286 ft
energy is 200kJ/kg F. 0.386 ft
E. 144 kJ/kg G. 0.486 ft
F. 223.42 kJ/kg H. 0.586 ft
G. 333.42 kJ/kg Answer: A
H. 168 kJ/kg A thermal power plant has a heat rate of 11,
Answer: C 363 Btu/kW-hr, Find the thermal efficiency of
Compute the mass of a 2 m3 propane at 280 kpa the plant.
and 40 0C. E. 28%
E. 6.47 kg F. 30%
F. 5.1 kg G. 34%
G. 10.20 kg H. 40%
H. 9.47 kg Answer: B
Answer: D What is the hydraulic gradient of a 1 mile, 17
Compute the air flow in ft3/min of mechanical inches inside diameter pipe when 3300 gal/min
ventilation required to exhaust an accumulation of water flow with f = 0.03
of refrigerant due to leaks of the system E. 0.00714
capable of revolving air from the machinery F. 0.00614
room for a mass of 4lbs refrigerant. G. 0.00234
E. 200 H. 0.00187
F. 210 Answer: A
G. 220 Find the loss of head in the pipe entrance if
H. 230 speed of flow is 10 m/s.
Answer: A E. 5.10
Compute the free aperture cross section in m2 F. 10.2
for the ventilation of a machinery room if the G. 17.4
mass of refrigerant IS 9 KG. H. 2.55
E. 0.314 Answer: D
F. 0.414 Wet material, containing 220% moisture ( dry
G. 0.514 basis ) s to be dried at the rate of 1.5 kg/s in a
H. 0.614 continuous dryer to give a product containing
Answer: B 10% (dry basis). Find the moisture removed in
A 29.53” X 39.37” pressure vessel contains kg/hr
ammonia with f=0.041. Compute the minimum E. 3543.75 kg/hr
required discharge capacity of the relief device F. 3513.75 kg/hr
in kg/hr. G. 3563.75 kg/hr
E. 106.71 kg/hr H. 3593.75 kg/hr
F. 108.71 kg/hr Answer: A
G. 110.71 kg/hr Copra enters a dryer containing 70% moisture
H. 112.71 kg/hr and leaves at 7% moisture. Find the moisture
Answer: C removed on each pound of solid in final
Compute the maximum length of the discharge product.
pipe installed on the outlet of a pressure-relief E. 6.258 lb
device in feet for internal pipe diameter of 0.5 F. 1.258 lb
in and rated discharge capacityis 8 lb/min of air. G. 4.258 lb
The rated pressure of relief valve is 16 psig. H. 2.258 lb
Answer: D Answer: D
A 1 m x 1.5 m cylindrical tank is full of oil with Find the enthalpy of water at 212F and 14.7 psi
S.G = 0.92. Find the force acting at the bottom if the dryness factor is 30%. Use the
of the tank in dynes. approximate enthalpy formula of liquid
E. 106.33 x 10^3 dynes E. 461 Btu/lb
F. 106.33 x 10^4 dynes F. 471 Btu/lb
G. 106.33 x 10^5 dynes G. 481 Btu/lb
H. 106.33 x 10^6 dynes H. 491 Btu/lb
Answer: D Answer: B
Find the pressure at the 100 fathom depth of An air compressor consumed 1200 kW-hr per
water in kpag. day of energy. The electric motor driving the
E. 1,793.96 kpag compressor has an efficiency of 80%. If
F. 1,893.96 kpag indicated power of the compressor is 34 kW,
G. 1,993.96 kpag Find the mechanical efficiency of the
H. 1,693.96 kpag compressor.
Answer: A E. 117.65%
Find the depth in furlong of the ocean (S.G = F. 75%
1.03) if the pressure at the sea bed is 2,032.56 G. 85%
kpag. H. 90%
E. 1 Answer: C
F. 2 A refrigeration system consumed 28,300 kW-hr
G. 3 per month of energy. There are 20% of energy
H. 4 is lodt due to cooling system of the compressor
Answer: A and motor efficiency is 90%. If COP pf the
Find the mass of 10 quartz of water. system is 6, Find the tons of refrigeration of the
E. 10.46 kg system.
F. 9.46 kg E. 43.15%
G. 11.46 kg F. 46.15%
H. 8.46 kg G. 49.15%
Answer: B H. 41.15%
Find the mass of carbon dioxide having a Answer: C
pressure of 20 psia at 200F with 10 ft3 volume. A 23 tons of refrigeration system has a heat
E. 1.04 lbs rejected of 1ookW. Find the energy efficiency
F. 1.14 lbs ratio of the system.
G. 1.24 lbs E. 13.42
H. 1.34 lbs F. 14.42
Answer: C G. 15.42
Find the heat needed to raise the temperature H. 16.42
of water from 30C to 100 C with 60% quality. Answer: B
Consider an atmospheric pressure of 101.325 A 200 mm X 250 mm, 8 cylinder, 4-stroke diesel
kpa. Use the approximate enthalpy formula of engine has a brake power of 150kW. The
liquid. mechanical efficiency is 80%. If two of the
E. 293.09 kJ/kg cylinders were accidentally cut off, what will be
F. 1,772.90 kJ/kg the new friction power?
G. 1,547.90 kJ/kg E. 31.50 kW
H. 1,647.29 kJ/kg F. 33.50kW
 G. 35.5o kW A dual cycle has an initial temperature of 30C.
H. 37.50 kW The compression ratio is 6 and heat addition at
Answer: D constant volume process is 600 Kj/kg. If cut-off
If the efficiency ratio of the refrigeration system ratio is 2.5, Find the maximum temperature of
is 12.6, what is the COP of the system? the cycle.
E. 3.69 E. 3638.5⁰C
F. 4.23 F. 3365.50⁰C
G. 5.92 G. 3565.50⁰C
H. 6.83 H. 3965.50⁰C
Answer: A Answer: B
An air compressor has a power of 40 kW at 4% A three stages air compressor compresses air
clearance. If clearance will increase to 7%, what from 100kPa to 1000 kPa. Find the intercooler
is the new power? pressure between the first and second stage.
E. 70 kW E. 505.44 kPa
F. 40 kW F. 108.44 kPa
G. 53 kW G. 316.23 kPa
H. 60 kW H. 215.44 kPa
Answer: B Answer: D
What is the approximate value of temperature A 10-stages air compressor compresses air
of water having enthalpy of 208 Btu/lb? from 100 kPa to 800 kPa. Find the intercooler
E. 138.67⁰C pressure between the first and second stage.
F. 115.55⁰C E. 282.82 kPa
G. 258.67⁰C F. 113.21 kPa
H. 68.67⁰C G. 123.11 kPa
Answer: B H. 333.51 kPa
Convert 750⁰R to ⁰K Answer: C
E. 390.33⁰K A 3-stages air compressor compresses air from
F. 395.33⁰K 1oo kPa to 700 kPa. Find the intercooler
G. 410.33⁰K pressure between the 2nd and 3rd stage
H. 416.33⁰K E. 365.88 kW
Answer: D F. 375.88 kW
An otto cycle has a compression ratio of 8. Find G. 385.88 kW
the pressure ratio during compression. H. 395.88 kW
E. 18.38 Abswer: A
F. 16.38 Carnot cycle A, B and C are connected in series
G. 14.38 so that the heat rejected from A will be the heat
H. 12.38 added to B and heat rejected from B will be
Answer: A added to C. Each cycle oprates between 30⁰C
A diesel cycle has a cut off ratio of 2.5 and and 400⁰C. If heat added to A is 1000kW, find
expansion ratio of 4. Find the clearance of the the work output of C.
cycle. E. 111.44 kW
E. 9.11 % F. 549.78 kW
F. 5.55% G. 247.53 kW
G. 11.11% H. 141.89 kW
H. 15.25% Answer: A
Answer: C
A ton of refrigeration system has a heat An otto cycle has a compression ratio of 8. Find
rejected of 100 kw. Find the energy efficiency the pressure ratio during compression
ratio of the system. a. 18.38
a. 13.42 b. 16.38
b. 14.42 c. 14.38
c. 15.42 d. 12.38
d. 16.42 ans A
ans b A diesel cycle has a cut-off ratio of 2.5 and
200mm x 250 mm, 8 cylinder, 4 stroke diesel expansion of 4. Find the clearance of the cycle
engine has a brake power of 150 kc. The a. 9.11%
mechanical efficiency is 80 %. If two of the b.5.55%
cylinders were accidentally cut off, what will be c. 11.11%
the new friction power? d. 15.15%
a. 31.50 kw Ans c
b. 33.50 A dual cycle has an intial temperature of 30 c.
c. 35.50 kw the compression ratio is 6 and the heat addition
d. 37.50 at constant volume process is 600 kj/kg. if cut-
ans D off ratio is 2.5. find the maximum temperature
If the energy efficiency ratio of the refrigeration of the cycle
system is 12.6, what is the COP of the system? a. 3638.5
A, 3.69 b.3365.50c
b. 4.23 c.3565.50c
c. 5.92 d. 3965 c
d. 6.83 ans B
ans a A three stage air compressor compresses air
An air compressor has a power of 40 kw at 4 % from 100 kpa to 1000 kpa. Find the intercooler
clearance. If clearance will increase to 7 %, what pressure between the first stage and second
is the new power? stage.
a. 70 kw a. 505.44 kpa
b. 40 kw b.108.44 kpa
c. 53 kw c. 316.23 kpa
d. 60 kw d.215.44 kpa
ans B ans d
What is the approximate value of temperature A 10 stage air compressor air from 100 to 800
of water having enthalpy of 208 BTU/lb kpa. Find the intercooler pressure between 1st
a. 138.67c and 2nd stage.
b. 115.55c a. 282.84
c. 258.67c b.113.21
d. 68.87c c.123.11
ans b d.333.51
Convert 750 R to K ans c
a. 390.33k A 3-stage air compressor compresses air from
b. 395.33k 100 to 700 kpa. Find the intercooler pressure
c. 410.33k between the 2nd and 3rd stage
d. 416.33 k a. 365.88 kpa
ans d b. 375.88 kpa
 c.385.55 kpa b. 1289.00 m
d.395.88 kpa c. 1267.34 m
ans a d. 1583.34 m
Carnot cycle a, b, c are connected in series so ans B
that the heat rejected from a will be the heat The lower half of a 10 m high cylindrical
added to b an heat rejected from b to c . each container is filled with water and the upper half
cycle between 30 and 400 c. if heat added to a with oil that has SG=0.85. determine the
is 1000 kw find the work output. pressure difference between the top and
a. 111.44 kw bottom of the cylinder.
b. 549.78 kw a. 90.74 kpa
c. 247.53 kw b. 92.74 kpa
d. 141.89 kw c. 83.38 kpa
ans a d. 98.10 kpa
Air compressed adiabatically from 30 to 100 c. if ans a
mass of air being compressed is 5 kg . find the An ideal gas at 0.80 atmospheric and 87 c
change of entropy occupies 0.450 liters. How many moles are in
a. 1039 kj/kg the sample?
b. 0.746 kj/kg (R=0.0821 lit-atm/mole-k)
c. 0 kj/kg a. 0.0002 mol
d. 1245kj/kg b. 0.0378 mol
ans C c.0.0122 mol
Two kilogram of air in a rigid tank changes its d. 0.0091 mol
temperature from 32 to 150 c. find the work ans C
done during the process. A certain gas at 101.325 kpa and 10 c whose
a. 236 volume is 2.83 m3 are compressed into a
b.170 storage vessel of 0.31 kpa capacity. Before
c. 195 admission, the storage vessel contained the gas
d. 0 and temperature of 037.8 kpa and 26 c after
ans D admission the pressure has increased to 1171.8
Determine the atmospheric pressure at a kpa. What should be the final temperature of
location where barometric reading is 740 mmhg the gas in the vessel in Kelvin?
and gravitational acceleration is g=9.7 m/s2. a. 298.0
Assume the temperature of mercury to be 10 c, b. 319.8
at which the density is 13570 kg/m3. c. 180.0
a. 99.45 kpa d. 314.2
b. 97.41 kpa ans D
c.95.44 kpa A perfect gas has a value of R = 58.8 ft-lb/lb-R
d.98.66 kpa and k = 1.26. if 20 BTU are added to 10 lbs of
ans B this gas at constant volume when initial
The barometer of a mountain hiker reads 930 temperature is 90 F, find the final temperature.
mbars at the beginning of a hiking trip and 780 a. 97 F
mbars at the end. Neglecting the effect of b. 104 F
altitude on local gravitational acceleration, c. 154 F
determine the vertical distance climbed. d. 185 F
Assume g=9.7 m/s2 ans A
a. 1274.21 m
Ammonia weighing 22 kgs is confirmed inside a A refrigeration plant is rated at 15 tons capacity.
cylinder equipped with a piston has an initial How many pounds of air per hour will it cool
pressure of 413 kpa at 38 c. if 3200 KJ of heat is from 70 to 90 F at constant pressure.
added to the ammonia until its final pressure a. 50000 lb/hr
and temperature are 413 kpa and 100 c, b. 37500 lb/hr
respectively. What is the amount of work by the c. 52000 lb/hr
fluid in KJ? d. 45000 lb / hr
a. 567 ans B
b. 304 An air standard engine has a compression ratio
c. 420 of 18 and a cut-off ratio of 4. If the intake air
d.502 pressure and temperature are 100 kpa and 27
ans a kpa, find the work in KJ per kg.
A tank contains 90 ft3 of air at a pressure of 350 a. 2976
psig; if air is cooled until its pressure and b. 2166
temperature decreases to 200 psig and 70 F c. 1582
respectively, what is the decrease in internal d. 2751
energy? ans D
a. 6232 Btu Determine the air standard efficiency of an
b. -5552 engine operating on the diesel cycle with
c 5552 clearance of 6 % when the suction pressure is
d. -6232.09 BTU 99.97 kpa and the fuel is injected for 7 % of the
ans D stroke. Assume k=1.4
A large mining company was provided with a 3 a. 62.11 %
m3 of compresed air tank. Air pressure in the b. 51.20 %
tank drops from 700 kpa to 150 kpa while the c. 73.58 %
temperature remains constant at 28 c. what d. 60.02 %
percentage has the mass of air in the tank been ans A
reduced? Steam at 2 mpa and 250 c in a rigid cylinder is
a. 74.00 cooled until the quality is 30 %. Find the heat
b. 72.45 rejected from the cylinder
c. 76.56 a. -432.23 kj /kg
d. 78.57 b. -926.26
ans D c. -1285.02 kj/kg
A 4 m3/ hr pump delivers water to a pressure d. 1082.34 kj/ kg
tank. At a start, the gage reads 138 kpa until it ans c
reads 276 kpa and then the pump was shut off. At 1.3 mpa and 250 c in a rigid cylinder is cooled
The volume of the tank is 180 lit. at 276 kpa the until the quality is 40 % . find the heat rejected
water occupied 2/3 of the tank volume. from the cylinder
Determine the volume of water that can be a. 1627.71 kj/kg
taken out until the gage reads 138 kpa. b. 1533.33 kj/kg
a. 31.20 lit c. 1234.45 kj / kg
b. 34.59 lit d. 1162.40 kj / kg
c. 16.87 lit ans D
d. 29.50 lit Mixture with 70 % quality at 500 kpa is heated
ans B until its pressure is 300 kpa. Find the heat
added during the process
a. 745.92 kj/kg c. 4.56 %
b. 535.16 kj/kg d. 2.34 %
c. 983.44 kj/kg ans B
d. 765.34 kj/ kg A throttling calorimeter is connected to the
ans a desuperheated steam line supplying steam to
A tank contains exactly one kilogram of water the auxillary feed pump on a ship. The line
consisting of liquid and vapor in equilibrium at 1 pressure measures 2.5 Mpa. The calorimeter
Mpa. If the liquid contains one-third and the pressure is 110 kpa and 150c. determine the
remaining is vapor of the volume of the tank, entropy of the steam line.
what is the enthalpy of the contents of the a. 6.8 kj/kg k
tank? b. 6.2 kj /kg-k
a. 644.40 kj/kg c. 6.6 kj/kg k
b. 774.40 kj/kg d. 7.5 kj /kg k
c. 785.92 kj/kg ans B
d. 435.29 kj /kg Atmospheric pressure boils at 212 F. at the
ans c vacuum pressure at 24 in hg, the temperature is
Water substance at 70 bars and 65 c enters a 142 F. find the boiling temperature when the
boiler tube of constant inside diameter of 25 pressure is increased by 40 psia from
mm. the water leaves the boiler tube at 50 bars atmospheric
and 700 k at velocity 150 m/s. calculate the a. 449.42F
inlet velocity (m/s) b. 526.34 F
a. 1.56 c. 479.13 F
b. 2.51 d. 263.45 F
c.1.672 ans A
d. 3.230 Determine the amount of oxygen if the heating
ans b value of fuel is 26961.45 kj /kg
Water substance at 70 bar and 65 c enters a a. 1.5 %
boiler tube of constant inside diameter of 35 b. 2.5 %
mm . the water leaves the boiler tube at 50 bar c. 3.5 %
and 700 k at velocity of 100 m/s. calculate the d. 4.5 %
inlet volume flow ( li/s) ans D
a. 0.821 A diesel engine consumed 945 lit of fuel per day
b. 1.261 at 35 c . if the fuel was purchased at 15.5 c and
c. 0.344 30 API at P29.00 / li determine the cost of fuel
d.1.609 operate the engine per day
ans D a. P 5677.50
Steam leaves an industrial boiler at 827.4kpa b. P4677.50
and 171.6 c. a portion of the steam is passed c. P48088.90
through a throttling calorimeter and is d. P27127.76
exhausted to the atmosphere when the ans d
calorimeter pressure is 101.4 kpa. A cylindrical tank 4m and 3m diameter is used
How much moisture does the steam leaving the for oil storage. How many days can the tank
boiler contain if the temperature of the steam supply the engine having 27 API with fuel
at the calorimeter is 115.6 c? consumption of 60 kg/hr
a. 3.78 % a. 17.53
b. 3.08 % b. 5.84
c 12.84 O2=0.6 % CO=24.5 % N2=50.9 %
d. 19.84 Determine the air fuel ratio for complete
ans a combustion on molal basis
A logging firm in Isabella operates a diesel a. 2.130
electric plant to supply its electric energy b. 3.230
requirements. During a 24 hour period, the c. 1.233
plant consumed 250 gallons of fuel at 80 F and d. 1.130
produced 2900 kw-hrs. industrial fuel used is 30 ans C
API and was purchased at 30.00/ li at 60 F. A volumetric analysis of a gas mixture as follows
determine the overall thermal efficiency of the CO2 :12% O2: 4%
plant N2: 80% CO: 4%
a. 26.08 % What is the percentage of CO2 on a mass basis
b. 34.23 % a. 17.55 %
c. 28.00 % b. 15.55%
d. 18.46 % c. 12.73%
ans C d. 19.73%
The dry exhaust gas from oil engine has the ans A
following gravimetric analysis A impulse wheel at best produces 125 hp under
CO2=21.6 % a head of 210 ft. by what percent should be
O2=4.2% increased for 290 ft head?
N2=74.2% a. 82.5 %
Specific heats at constant pressure for each b. 17.5 %
componenet of the exhaust gas in Kcal/ kg c are c. 72.41%
CO2 =0.203 ans A
O2=0.219 What is the power ratio of a pump and its 1/5
N2=0.248 scale model if the ratio of heads is 4 to 1?
Calculate the specific gravity if the molecular a. 20
weight of air is 28.97 kg/kg mol b.200
a. 0.981 c. 12.5
b. 1.244 d.125
c. 1.055 ans B
d. 0.542 the speed of a centrifugal pump is doubled. By
ans C what factor does the pump head change?
A bituminous coal has the following a. 0.125
composition b. 0.25
C=71.5% H=5.0% O=7.0 % N=1.3% c. 4
S=3 % ash 7.6% W=3.4% d. 8
Determine the theoretical weight of nitrogen in ans C
lb/lb of coal Compute the specific volume of an air vapor
a. 2.870 mixture in cubic meters per kg of dry air when
b. 7.526 the following conditions prevail : t=40 c; w=
c.2.274 0.015 kg/kg; p=100 kpa
d. 6.233 a. 0.99 m3/kg
ans B b. 0.89 m3/kg
A gaseous fuel mixture has a molal analysis c. 0.79 m3/kg
H2=14 % CH4=3% CO=27% d. 0.69 m3/kg
ans A b. 45.23 %
A coil has an inlet temperature of 70 F and c. 34.23 %
outlet of 80 F. if the mean temperature of the d. 12.34 %
coil is 130 F, find the bypass factor of the coil ans a
a. 0.28 A thermal power plant generates 5 MW and the
b. 1.20 heat generated by fuel is 13000 kj / s. if thermal
c 0.82 efficiency is 36.15 %, find the power needed for
d. 0.83 the auxillaries
ans C a. 310 kw
Compute the pressure drop of 35 c air flowing b. 300 kw
with a mean velocity of 5 m/s in a circular sheet c 400kw
metal duct 400 mm in diameter and 25 m long. d.350 kw
Use a factor , f = 0.04 and p air 1.3799 kg/m3 ans B
a. 431.22 pa A superheater steam rankine cycle has turbine
b. 221.34 pa inlet conditions of 17.5 Mpa and 530 C expands
c. 312.24 in a turbine to 0.007 Mpa. The turbine and
d. 422.31 pump polytropic efficiencies are 0.85 and 0.75
ans secret respectively, pressure losses between pump
A stocker fired boiler of 195 000 kg/hr steaming and turbine inlet are 1.5 Mpa. What should be
capacity uses this coal as fuel. Calculate volume the pump work in KJ/kg
of air in m3/hr with air at 60 F and 14.7 psia a. 17.34
and 14.7 psia pressure if boiler efficiency is 70% b. 27.32
and FE = 1.10 c.25.32
a. 234 019 m3/hr d. 47.33
b. 215 830 m3 /hr ans C
c. 213 830 m3 /hr In an open feedwater heater for a steam plant,
d. 264 830 m3 /hr saturated steam at 7 bar is mixed with
ans a subcooled liquid at 7 bar and 25 %. Just enough
23.5 kg of steam per second at 5 Mpa and 400 c steam is supplied to ensure that the mixed
is produced by a steam generator. The steam leaving the heater will be saturated liquid
feedwater enters the economizer at 145 c and at 7 bars when heater efficiency is 95 %.
leaves 205 c. the steam leaves the boiler drum Calculate the mass flow rate of subcooled liquid
with a quality of 98 %. The unit consumes 3 kg steam flow rate is 0.865 kg/s
of coal per second as received having a heating a. 2.725 kg/ s
value of 25 102 kj/kg. what would be the overall b. 3.353 kg/s
efficiency of the unit in percent? c. 2.869 kg/s
a. 65.72 d. 3.948 kg /s
b. 80.67 ans C
c. 88.28 A steam condenser receives 10 kg/s of steam
d. 78.82 with an enthalpy of 2770 kj / kg. steam
ans B condenses into a liquid and leaves with an
In a rankine cycle enters the turbine at 2.5 Mpa enthalpy of 160 kj/kg. cooling water passes
(enthalpies & entropies given) and condenser of through the condenser with remperature
50 kpa (properties given) , what is the thermal increases from 13 deg to 24 deg c. calculate the
efficiency of the cycle? water flow rate in kg/s.
a. 25.55 % a. 583
b. 567 ans C
c. 523 A steam turbine with 85 % stage efficiency
d. 528 receives steam at 7 Mpa and 550 c and exhaust
ans B as 20 kpa determine the turbine work.
Steam expands adiabatically in a turbine from a. 1117 kj /kg
2000 kpa, 400 c to 400 kpa, 250 c. what is the b. 1132 kj/kg
effectiveness of the process in percent c. 1123.34 kj/kg
assuming pressure of 18 c . neglecting changes d. 1054.95 kj /kg
in kinetic and potential energy ans D
a. 82 A steam turbine with 80 % stage efficiency
b84 receives at 7 Mpa and 550 c and exhausts as 20
c79.60 kpa. Determine the quality at exhaust
d 79.46 a. 96.96%
ans D b. 76.34 %
A heat exchanger was installed purposely to c. 82.34 %
cool 0.50 kg of gas per second. Molecular d. 91.69 %
weight is 32 and k=32. The gas is cooled from ans A
150 c to 80 c. water us available at the rate of A 18000 kw geothermal plant has a generator
0.30 kg/s and a temperature of 5 deg c. efficiency and turbine efficiency of 90% and 80
calculate the exit temperature of the water in C. % respectively, the quality after throttling is 20
a. 44.86 % and each well discharges 400 000kg/hr,
b.42.86 determine the number of wells are required to
c. 46.45 produce if the change of enthalpy at entrance
d.40.34 and exit of turbine is 500 kj/kg.
ans a a. 4 wells
A 350 mm x 450 mm steam engine running at b. 2 wells
280 rpm has an entrance stream condition of 2 c. 6 walls
Mpa and 230 c and exit at 0.1 Mpa. The steam d. 8 wells
consumption is 2000 kg /hr and mechanincal ans B
efficiency is 85 %. If indicated mean effective A liquid dominated geothermal plant with a
pressure is 600 kpa, determine the brake single flash separator receives water at 204 c.
thermal efficiency. the separator pressure is 1.04 Mpa. A direct
a. 23.34 contact condenser operates at 0.034 Mpa. The
b. 15.25 % turbine has a polytropic efficiency of 0.75. for a
c. 14.16 % cycle output of 60 MW, what is the mass flow
d. 27.34 % rate of the well water in kg/s?
ans B a. 2933
A steam turbine receives 5000 kg/hr of steam at b.2100
5 Mpa and 400 c and velocity of 30 m/s. it c. 1860
leaves the turbine at 0.006 Mpa and 85 % d. 2444
quality and velocity of 15 m/s. radiation loss is ans a
10000 kj /hr. find the Kw developed
a.1273.29 An engine generator rated 9000 kVA at 80 %
b. 2173.29 power factor, 3 phase, 4160 V has an efficiency
c. 1373.6 of 90 %. If overall plant efficiency is 28 %, what
d. 7231.29 is the heat generated by the fuel
a. 18800 KW d. 5.00
b. 28800 KW ans A
c. 7500 KW In a gas turbine unit, air enters the combustion
d. 25714KW chamber at 550 kpa 277 c and 43 m/s. the
ans D products of combustion leave the combustor at
The indicated thermal efficiency of a two stroke 511 kpa, 1004 c and 180 m/s. liquid fuel enters
diesel engine is 60 %. If friction is 15 % of heat with a heating value of 43000 kj/kg. for fuel-air
generated, determine the brake thermal ratio of 0.0229, what is the combustor
efficiency. efficiency of the unit in percent?
a. 43 % a. 70.38%
b. 45% b. 79.38%
c. 36% c. 75.38%
d. 37% d. 82.38 %
ans B ans C
A 305 mm x 457 mm four stroke single acting The specific speed of turbine is 85 rpm and
diesel engine is rated at 150 kw at 260 rpm. running at 450 rpm. If the load head is 20 m and
Fuel consumption at rated load is 0.56 kg/kw – generator efficiency is 90 %, what is the
hr with a heating value of 43912 kj/kg. calculate maximum power delivered by the generator
the brake thermal efficiency a. 450.51 KW
a.10.53 % b. 354.52 KW
‘b. 27.45 % c. 650.53 KW
c. 14.64% d. 835.57 KW
d. 18.23% ans D
ans C
A waste heat recovery boiler produces 4.8 Mpa Calculate the specific volume of an air-vapor
(dry saturated) steam from 104 C feedwater. mixture in cubic meters per kilogram of dry air
The boiler receives energy from 7 kg/s of 954 c when the ff. conditions: t=30°C, w=0.015 kg/kg,
and Pt =90kpa
dry air. After passing through a waste heat
C. 0.99 m3/kg C. 0.79 m3/kg
boiler, the temperature of the air has been D. 0.89 m3/kg D. 0.69 m3/kg
reduced to 343 C. how much steam in kg A
produced in kg is produced per second? Note at
4.80 Mpa dry saturated A coil has an inlet temperature of 60 °F and an
a. 1.30 outlet of 90°F. If the mean temperature of the
b. 0.92 coil is 110°F. Find the bypass factor of the coil.
C. 0.20 C. 0.40
c. 1.81
D. 0.30 D. 0 .50
d. 3.43 C
ans c
A diesel electric plant energy for meralco. A rectangular duct has a diameter of 0.25 m by
During a 24 hr period, the plant consumed 240 1 m. determines of the equivalent diameter of
gal of fuels at 28 c and produced 3930 kw hr. the duct.
industrial fuel used as 28 API and was C. 0.40 m C. 0.70 m
D. 0.80 m D. 0.30 m
purchased at P 30 per liter at 15.6 C. what is the
A
cost of fuel be to produced one KW-hr
a. P6.87 The mass of an outside air at 50°C in an air
b. P1.10 conditioning unit is 60 kg. Find the temperature
c. P41.07
after mixing if the outside air mixed with 40 kg The power requirement of Carnot refrigeration
with recirculated air at 35°C. in maintaining a low temperature region at 300
C. 44°C C. 52°C K 1.5 kW per ton. Find the heat rejected.
D. 39°C D. 47°C
A C. 4.02 kW C. 5.02 kW
D. 7.02 kW D. 6.02 kW
A creamery must cool 20,000 liters of milk C
received each day from initial temperature at
29°C to a final temperature at 2°C in 5 hours. If A vapor compression refrigeration system is
refrigeration losses amount to 10 percent of the designed to have a capacity of 150 tons of
cuilling load, what must be the capacity of the refrigeration. It produces chilled water from
refrigeration machine? 22°C to 2°C. Its actual coefficient of
Note: specific heat of milk 3.9 kJ/kg-K and S.G. = performance is 5.86 and 35% of the power
1.05 supplied to the compressor is lost in the form of
C. 38.5 TOR C. 37.5 TOR friction and cylinder cooling losses. Determine
D. 36.5 TOR D. 39.5 TOR the condenser cooling water required for a
A temperature rise of 10°C.
C. 14.75kg/s C. 18.65 kg/s
How many tons of refrigeration are required to D. 15.65 kg/s D. 13.75 kg/s
produce 10 metric tons of ice per day at -10°C A
from raw water at 22°C if miscellaneous losses Determine the heat extracted from 2000 kg of
are 15% of the chilling and freezing load? water from 25°C to ice at -10°C.
C. 17 TOR C. 15 TOR C. 621,150 kJ C. 821,150 kJ
D. 20 T0R D. 24 TOR D. 721,159 kJ D. 921,150 kJ
A D

Five hundred kilogram of poultry enters a chiller A single acting, twin cylinder, Ammonia
at 8°C and are frozen and chilled to a final compressor with bore equal to stroke is driven
temperature of -18°C for a storage in 15 hours. by an engine at 250 rpm. The machine is
The specific heat above and below the freezing installed in a chilling plant to produce 700 kW of
are 3.18 kJ/kg-K°C and 1.55 kJ/kg-K°C refrigeration at -18°C evaporating temperature.
respectively. The latent heat is 246 kJ/kg and At this temperature the cooling effect per kg
the freezing temperature is -5°C. Compute the mass is 1160 kJ. The specific volume of vapor
product load. entering the compressor is 0.592 m3 per
C. 2.75 kW C. 2.95 kW kilogram. Assume 85% volumetric efficiency.
D. 2.85 kW D. 3.15 kW Determine the bore in mm.
B C. 400 mm C. 450 mm
D. 300 mm D. 500 mm
Fish weighing 11,000 kg with a temperature of A
20°C is brought to a cold storage and which
shall be cooled to -10°C in 11 hours. Find the A cylindrical flash tank mounted with its axis
required plant refrigerating capacity in tons of horizontal is used to separate liquid ammonia
refrigeration if the specific heat of fish is 0.7 from ammonia vapor. The ammonia vapor
kCal/kg°C above freezing and 0.30 kCal/kg°C bubbles through the liquid with 70 m3/min
below freezing point which is -3°C. The latent leaving the disengaging surface. The
heat of freezing is 55.5 kCal/kg. disengaging rate is limited to 60 m/min and the
C. 25.26 C. 14.38 liquid level is to operate with the liquid level
D. 15.26 D. 24.38 one-third of the diameter from the top.
D Determine the diameter if the tank is 1.5 m
long.
C. 830 mm C. 860 mm
D. 730 mm D. 760 mm
A
 A single stage ammonia compressor is
A 150 Hp motor is used to drive a compressor. If producing 10 tons of refrigeration and the
the heat loss from the compressor is 25 kW and power consumed is 15 Hp. Suction pressure is
the mass flow rate of the refrigerant entering 25 psi, condensing pressure is 180 psi. Brine
the compressor is 0.50 kg/s, determine the temperature is 20°F off brine cooler. Determine
difference of the enthalpies between the inlet the actual coefficient of performance.
and outlet of the compressor. C. 10.14 C. 12.14
C. 143.80 kJ/kg C. 173.80 kJ/kg D. 11.14 D. 13.14
D. 153.80 kJ/kg D. 183.80 kJ/kg D
C
In an ammonia condensing machine
Determine the estimated condenser load for an (compressor plus condenser) the water used for
open-type compressor having a cooling capacity condensing is 55°F. Calculate the ideal COP.
of 16,500 Btu/hr and a heat rejection factor of C. 11.875 C. 10.875
1.32. D. 12.875 D. 13.875
C. 22,280 Btu/hr C. 21,780 Btu/hr A
D. 20,780 Btu/hr D. 91,780 Btu/hr
C How much refrigeration capacity is required to
To cool farm products 300 kg of ice at -4.4°C are cool 2000 cfm of air from 85°F to 70°F?
placed in bunker twenty four hours later the ice C. 2.7 TOR C. 1.7 TOR
have melted into water at 7.2°C. What is the D. 3.7 TOR D. 4.7 TOR
average rate of cooling provided by the ice in A
kJ/Hr?
C. 2679.28 kJ/Hr C. 3679.28 kJ/Hr Determine the coil face area required to
D. 5679.28 kJ/Hr D. 4679.28 kJ/Hr maintain a face velocity of 400 Ft/min if the air
D flow rate over the coil is 2100 Ft3/hr
The load on a water–cooled condenser is C. 3.25 Ft2 C. 5.25 Ft2
90,000 Btu/hr. if the quantity of water D. 4.45 Ft2 D. 6.25 Ft2
circulated through the condenser is 15 gpm, C
determine the temperature rise of the water in
the condenser. A centrifugal pump discharge 20 L/s against a
C. 12°F C. 16°F head of 17 m when the speed is 1500 rpm. The
D. 14°F D. 18°F diameter of the impeller was 30 cm and the
A brake horsepower was 6.0. A geometrically
similar pump 40 cm in diameter is to run at
If the load on a water–cooled condenser in 1750 rpm. Assuming equal efficiencies, what
150,000 Btu/hr and the temperature rise of the brake horsepower is required?
water in the condenser is 10°F. What is the C. 51.55 HP C. 40.15 HP
quantity of water circulated in gpm? D. 50.15 HP D. 45.15 HP
C. 30 C. 20 C
D. 40 D 50
A A pump delivers 20 cfm of water having a
density of 62 lb/ft3. The suction and discharge
The weight of ammonia circulated in a machine gage reads 5 in. Hg vacuum and 30 psi
is found to be 21.8 lb/hr. if the vapor enters the respectively. The discharge gage is 5 ft above
compressor with a specific volume of 9.6 Ft3/hr, the suction gage. If pump efficiency is 70%,
calculate the piston displacement, assuming what is the motor power?
80% percent volume efficiency. C. 5.31 Hp C. 4.31 Hp
C. 261.6 Ft3/hr C. 281.8 Ft3/hr D. 3.31 Hp D. 6.31 Hp
D. 271.6 Ft3/hr D. 291.6 Ft3/hr C
A
Calculate the air power of a fan that delivers
1200 °F Ft3/hr of air through a 1m by 1.5m
outlet. Static pressure is 120 mm WG and the 28°API and was purchased at P 5.50 per liter at
density of air is 1.18 15,6°C. What should the cost of fuel be
C. 20.45 kW C. 30.45 kW produced one kw-hr?
D. 25.64 kW D. 35.64 kW C. P 1.05 C. P 1.069
B D. P 1.10 D. P 1.00
A
The piston displacement of a double acting
compressor is 0. 358 m3 delivers gas from A boiler contains 3.5 tons of water initially
101.325 kPa and 300 K to 675 kPa at the rate of having 40 ppm dissolved solids after 24 hrs the
0.166 m3/s at 150 rpm. Value of n for dissolved solids in the water is 2500 ppm. If the
compression and expansion is 1.33. Find the feed rate is 875 kg/hr, find the ppm of dissolved
compressor percent clearance. solids contained in the feed water.
C. 19.66 C. 15.69 C. 410 ppm C. 390 ppm
D. 10.75 D. 16.96 D. 320 ppm D. 420 ppm
D A

Determine the specific speed of a centrifugal

pump delivers 7500 gpm acting against a total
head of 370 ft and operating at 1000 rpm.
C. 1072 rpm C. 1041 rpm A travelling-grate stoker can burn bituminous
D. 1027 rpm D. 1014 rpm coal with 10% moisture and 10% ash at a rate of
B 500,000 Btu/hr-Ft2. A boiler with a steam rating
of 200,000 lb/hr will be fired with the above
An induced draft fan is used to extract 270000 fuel having a high heat value of 12,200 Btu/lb. if
m3 of flue gas per hour from a boiler furnace. the boiler efficiency is 80%, and if it takes 1000
The fan is to deliver at a total pressure of 250 BTU to evaporate and superheat one pound of
mm water gage. Determine the size of the feed water to the desired temperature, find the
electric motor in kW if a mechanical efficiency hourly coal supply and grate area needed.
of 55% is considered. C. 20,500 lb, 500 Ft2 C. 28,200 lb,
2
C. 444.33 kW C. 433.44 kW 400 Ft
D. 343.44 kW D. 334.44 kW D. 26,400 lb, 700 Ft2 D. 22,600 lb,
D 200 Ft2
A
The fan has a total head of 190 m and static
pressure of 20 cm WG. If the air density is 1.2 A steam is expanded through a nozzle and the
kg/m3. What is the velocity of air flowing? enthalpy drop per kg of steam from the initial
C. 16.21 m/s C. 16.66 m/s pressure to the final pressure is 60 kJ.
D. 27.21 m/s D. 17.77 m/s Neglecting the friction, find the velocity of
D discharge and the exit area of the nozzle to pass
0.20 kg/s if the specific volume of the steam at
A pump delivers 500 gpm of water against a exit is 1.5 m3/kg.
total head of 200 ft and operating at 1770 rpm. C. 346.4 m/s, 879 m2 C. 765.6 m/s,
Changes have increased the total head to 375 467 m2
ft. At what rpm should the pump be operated to D. 356.7 m/s, 278 m2 D.346.4 m/s,
achieve the new head at the same efficiency? 866 m2
C. 2800 rpm C. 3434 rpm D
D. 3600 rpm D. 2424 rpm
D A 60 MW steam turbine generator power plant
has a full-load steam rate of 8 kg/kW-hr.
The diesel electric plant supplies energy for assuming that no-load steam consumption as
meralco. During a 24 hr period, the plant 15% of full-load steam consumption, compute
consumed 200 gallons of fuel at 28°C and for the hourly steam consumption at 75% load,
produced 3930 Kw-hr. industrial fuel is used is in kg/hr.
 C. 37,800 kg/hr C. 30,780 kg/hr In an air-standard Bryton cycle, the compressor
D. 38,700 kg/hr D. 30,870 kg/hr receives air at 101.325 kPa, 21°C and it leaves at
A the rate of 4 kg/s. determine the turbine work if
the temperature of the air entering the turbine
The feed water to a boiler is 92% condensate is 1000°C
and 8% make-up containing 270 ppm solids. C. 3000 kW C. 2028 kW
What weights of solids enter the boiler per hour D. 2701 kW D. 3500 kW
at 22,680 kg per steam evaporation? C
C. 0.49 kg solids/hr C. 0.39 kg
solids/hr The net power output of an air-standard
D. 0.59 kg solids/hr D. 0.69 kg Brayton cycle is 200 kW. Air enters the
solids/hr compressor at 32°C and leaves the high-
A temperature heat exchanger at 800°C. What is
the mass flow rate of air if it leaves the turbine
The 1370 diameter steam drum on a boiler is at 350°C?
2440 mm long has a 250 mm gage glass at mid- C. 0.57 kg/s C. 0.77 kg/s
drum level. Find the maximum steam D. 0.67 kg/s D. 0.87 kg/s
generation that could be cared for by a blow D
down of half a water gauge each 8 hr. shift.
Pressure, 17.5 kg/cm2 gage. Sr = 150 PPM, Sb = In an air-standard Brayton cycle the inlet
2000 PPM temperature and the pressure are 20°C and
C. 450.59 kg/hr C. 650.59 kg/hr 101.325 kPa. The turbine inlet conditions are
D. 550.59 kg/hr D. 750.59 kg/hr 1200 kPa and 900°C. Determine the air flow
B rate if turbines produce 12 MW.
C. 21.41 kg/s C. 19.25 kg/s
Given a horizontal conveyor, 46 m centers, 175 D. 20.20 kg/s D. 18.10 kg/s
pounds per hr capacity of handling bituminous B
coal at 0.5 m/s with 800 kg per m 3. Other data
as follows A gas turbine power plant operating on the
Flight width and depth 610 mm x 200 Brayton cycle delivers 15 MW to a standby
mm electric generator. What are the mass flow rate
Quantity of material 0.108 and the volume flow rate of air if the minimum
3
mm /m and maximum pressures are 100 kPa and 500
Coefficient of friction elements 0.10 kPa respectively, and temperature of 20°C and
Material coefficient of friction 0.59 1000°C?
Assume an engineering-type chain with sleeve C. 31.97 kg/s, 26.88 m3/s C. 41.97 kg/s,
bearing rollers weighing with flights, 89.3 kg/m. 26.88 m3/s
Calculate the chain pull in kg D. 36.98 kg/s, 28.99 m3/s D. 46.98 kg/s,
C. 2180.33 C. 1555.36 28.99 m3/s
D. 4550.10 D. 3166.46 A
D
A hydro-electric power plant consumes
Air is drawn into a gas turbine working on the 60,000,000 kW-hr per year. What is the net if
constant pressure cycle at 1 bar 21°C and the expected flow is 1500 m 3/min and over-all
compressed to 5.7 bars. The temperature at the efficiency is 63%?
end of heat supply is 680°C. Taking expansion C. 34.34 m C. 44.33 m
and compression to be adiabatic where Cv = D. 43.43 m D. 33.44 m
0.718 kJ/kg-K, Cp = 1.055 kJ/kg-K, calculate the C
heat energy supplied per kg at constant
pressure. A pelton type turbine has a gross head of 40 m
C. 472 kJ/kg C. 501 kJ/kg and a friction head loss of 6 m. What is the
D. 389 kJ/kg D. 489 kJ/kg penstock diameter if the penstock length is 90
A
m and the coefficient of friction head loss is D. 0.643, 0.534 D. 0.643, 0.534
0.0001 (Morse). C
C. 2040 mm C. 2440 mm
D. 3120 mm D. 2320 mm Calculate the use factor of a power plant if the
A capacity factor is 35% and it operates 8000 hrs
during the year?
A hydro-electric impulse turbine is directly C. 38.325 % C. 35.823 %
coupled to a 24 pole, 60 Hz alternator. It has a D. 33.825 % D. 32.538 %
specific speed of 60 rpm and develops 3000 Hp. A
What is the required diameter assuming a
peripheral speed ratio of 0.45? A 39.5 m high chimney of radial brick masonry is
C. 0.661 m C. 0.443 m described by the ff. top and bottom. D 2 = 1.9 m,
D. 0.552 m D. 0.775 m d2 = 1.5 m, D1 = 3.2 m, d1 = 2.3 m. Determine the
A moment due to wind load.
C. 172,051 kg-m C. 150,160 kg-m
The tail water and the headwater of a hydro- D. 160,388 kg-m D. 182,030 kg-m
electric power plant are 150 m and 200 m D
respectively. What is the water power if the
flow is 15 m3/s and a head loss of 10% of the It is desired to deliver 5 gpm at a head of 640 ft
gross head? in a single stage pump having s specific speed
C. 6,621.75 kW C. 5,621.76 kW not to exceed 40. If the speed is not to exceed
D. 7,621.65 kW D. 4,621.56 kW 1352 rpm, how many stages are required?
A C. 3 C. 5
D. 4 D. 2
D

In a hydro-electric plant, water flows at 10 m/s A centrifugal pump discharge 20 L/s against a
in a penstock of 1 m 2 cross-sectional area. If the head of 17 m when the speed is 1500 rpm. The
net head of the plant is 30 m and the turbine diameter of the impeller was 30 c, and the
efficiency is 85%, what is the turbine output? brake horsepower was 6.0. A geometrically
C. 2,501.55 kW C. 3,626.34 kW similar pump 40 cm in diameter is to run at
D. 2,100.21 kW D. 3,124.65 kW 1750 rpm. Assuming equal efficiency, what
A brake horsepower is required?
C. 51.55 Hp C. 40.15 Hp
A 75 MW power plant has an average load of D. 50.15 Hp D. 45.15 Hp
35,000 kW and a load factor of 65%. Find the C
reserve over peak.
C. 21.15 MW C. 25.38 MW A condensate pump at sea level takes water
D. 23.41 MW D. 18.75 MW from a surface condenser where the vacuum is
A 15 in. of mercury. The friction and turbulence in
the piping in the condenser hot well and the
A power plant is said to have/had a use factor pump suction flange is assumed to be 6.5 ft. if
of 48.5% and a capacity factor of 42.4%. How the condensate pump to be installed has a
many hrs. Did it operate during the year? required head of 9 ft, what would be the
C. 6,600.32 hrs C. 8,600.32 hrs minimum height of water level in the hot well
D. 7,658.23 hrs D. 5,658.23 hrs that must be maintained above the centerline
B of the pump to avoid cavitations?
C. 2.5 ft C. 18 ft
A 50,000 kW steam plant delivers an annual D. 15.5 ft D. 5.5 ft
output of 238,000,000 kW-hr with a peak load B
of 42,860 kW. What is the annual load factor A pump delivers 2o cfm of water having a
and capacity factor? density of 62 lb/ft3. The suction discharge gage
C. 0.634, 0.534 C. 0.634, 0.543 reads 5 in. Hg vacuum and 30 psi respectively.
The discharge gage is 5 ft above the suction drop in this elbow. Assuming; f = 0.3, ρ = 1.204
gage. If the pump efficiency is 70%, what is kg/m3 and L = 10 m.
motor power? C. 341 Pa C. 143 Pa
C. 5.31 Hp C. 4.31 Hp D. 441 Pa D. 144 Pa
D. 3.31 Hp D. 6.31 Hp A
C
To what weight will 68°F ethyl alcohol rise in a
A fan has a total head of 190 m and a static 0.005 inch internal diameter glass capillary
pressure of 20 cm WG. If the air density is 1.2 tube? The density of alcohol is 49 lbm/ft 3.
kg/m3, what is the velocity of air flowing? Where: β = 0° = angle of contact angle and
C. 16.21 m/s C. 16.66 m/s surface tension σ = 0.00156 lbm/ft @ 68°F.
D. 17.21 m/s D. 17.766 m/s C. 0.3056 ft C. 0.4312 ft
D D. 0.2504 ft D. 0.2432 ft
A
A jet of water is discharge through a 1 – inch
diameter orifice under constant head of 2.1 ft
total discharge is 228 lb, in 90 seconds. The jet What is the velocity of sound in 150°F (66°C) air
is observed to pass through a point 2 ft at a standard pressure? Note: density of air @
downward and 4 ft away from vena contrata. 150°F is 0.064 lbm/ft3.
Coefficient of contraction. C. 1295 ft/s C. 2345 ft/s
C. O.786 C. 0.567 D. 3245 ft/s D. 1096 ft/s
D. 0.685 D. 0.345 A
B
What is the pressure 8000 ft below the water
A jet of water is discharge through a 1 – inch surface of the ocean? Neglect compressibility.
diameter orifice under constant head of 2.1 ft C. 512,000 psf C. 157,000 psf
total discharge is 228 lb, in 90 seconds. The jet D. 324,500 psf D. 213,000 psf
is observed to pass through a point 2 ft A
downward and 4 ft away from vena contrata.
Coefficient of velocity. If atmospheric air 14.7 psia and 60°F at sea
C. 0.976 C. 0.567 level, what is the pressure at 12000 ft altitude if
D. 0.758 D. 0.8 air is incompressible? Note: @ 60°F; the density
A of air is 0.0763 lbm/ft3 ; P1 = 14.7 psia
C. 5.467 psia C. 8.342 psia
What is the velocity of sound 150°F (66°C) air at D. 9.345 psia D. 2.346 psia
a standard pressure? Note: density of air @ C
150°F is 0.064 lbm/ft3.
C. 1215 ft/s C. 2345 ft/s If atmospheric air 14.7 psia and 60°F at sea
D. 3245 ft/s D. 4321 ft/s level, what is the pressure at 12000 ft altitude if
A air is compressible? Note @ 60°F; the density of
air is 0.0763 lbm/ft3 ; P1 = 14.7 psia
Ideal Oxygen is throttled at 140°F from 10 atm C. 5.467 psia C. 8.342 psia
to 5 atm. What is the temperature change? D. 9.53 psia D. 2.346 psia
C. 0 C. infinity B
D. Negative D. 1
A A two-pass surface condenser is to be designed
using overall heat transfer coefficient of 480
A duct 0.40 m high and 0.80 wide suspended BTU/°F lbm/ft2 of outside tube surface. The
from the ceiling in a corridor, makes a right tubes are to be 1 inch outside diameter with
angle turn in the horizontal plane. The inner 1/16 in walls (or 7/8 in. inside diameter).
radius is 0.2 m and the outer radius is 1.0 m Entering circulating water velocity is to be 6 ft/s.
measured from the same center. The velocity of steam enters the condenser at a rate of 100,000
air in the duct is 10 m/s. compute the pressure lb/hr at a pressure of one psia and an enthalpy
of 1090 Btu/lb. condensate leaves at saturated D
liquid at one psia. Circulating water enters the
condensate at 85 deg. F and leaves at 95 deg. F. How many independent properties are required
Note: 1 psia condensate has temperature of to completely fix the equilibrium state of a pure
101.7 deg. F. wet steam entering becomes gaseous compound?
condensate at 101.7 deg. F with hf = 69.72 C. 1 C. 2
Btu/lb. calculate the total number of tubes to D. 3 D. 4
be used in each passes. C
C. 18,200 tubes C. 10,450 tubes
D. 15,400 tubes D. 11,456 tubes Calculate the heat transfer per hour through a
A solid brick wall 6 m long, 2.9 m high, and 225
mm thick, when the outer surface is at 5°C and
Determine the approximate load on a cooling the inner surface at 17°C, the coefficient of
tower if the entering and leaving temperatures thermal conductivity of the brick being 0.6
are 96°F and 88°F, respectively and the flow W/m-K.
rate of the water over the tower is 30 gpm. C. 2,004.48 kJ C. 2,400.48 kJ
C. 2500 Btu/min C. 3000 Btu/min D. 3,004.48 kJ D. 3,400.48 kJ
D. 2000 Btu/min D. 3500 Btu/min A
B
A vertical furnace wall is made up of an inner
Determine the quantity of water lost by bleed wall of firebrick 20 cm thick followed by
off if the water flow rate over the tower 30 gpm insulating brick 15 cm thick and an outer wall of
and the range is 10°F. Percent bleed-off steel 1 cm thick. The surface temperature of the
requires 33%. wall adjacent to the combustion chamber is
C. 0.077 gpm C. 0.099 gpm 1200°C while that of the outer surface of steel is
D. 0.088 gpm D. 0.066 gpm 50°C. The thermal conductivities of the wall
C material in W/m-K are; firebrick, 10; insulating
brick, 0.26; and steel, 45. Neglecting the film
How many tons of refrigeration is required to resistance and contact resistance of joints,
produce 10 metric tons of ice per day at -10°C determine the heat loss per sq.m. Of the wall
from raw water at 22°C if miscellaneous losses area.
are 15% of the chilling and freezing load? C. 1.93 W/m2 C. 1.55 W/m2
C. 17 TOR C. 15 TOR D. 2.93 W/m2 D. 2.55 W/m2
D. 20 TOR D. 24 TOR A
A
A composite wall is made up of an external
thickness of brickwork 110 mm thick inside
which is a layer of fiberglass 75 mm thick. The
fiberglass is faced internally by an insulating
Refrigeration is 2 m high, 1.2 m wide and 1 m board 25 mm thick. The coefficients of thermal
deep. The over-all heat transfer coefficient is conductivity for the three are as follows:
o.532 W/m2 °C. how many kilograms of 0°C ice Brickwork 1.5 W/m-K
will melt per hour if the inside temperature is Fiberglass 0.04 W/m-K
maintained at 10°C while the surrounding air Insulating board 0.06 W/m-k
temperature is at 35°C? The surface transfer coefficient of the inside
C. 1.60 kg C. 2.60 kg wall is 3.1 W/m2-K while that of the outside wall
D. 1.80 kg D. 2.80 kg is 2.5 W/m2-K. Take the internal ambient
A temperature as 10°C and the external
temperature is 27°C. Determine the heat loss
Determine the heat extracted from 2000 kg of through such wall 6 m high and 10 m long.
water from 25°C to ice -10°C. C. 330.10 W C. 430.10 W
C. 621,150 kJ C. 821,150 kJ D. 230.10 W D. 530.10 W
D. 721,150 kJ D. 921,150 kJ A
 The surface temperature of the hot side of the
furnace wall is 1200°C.it is desired to maintain
the outside of the wall at 38°C. A 152 mm of
refractory silica is used adjacent to the
combustion chamber and 10 mm of steel covers
the outside. What thickness of insulating brick is
necessary between refractory and steel, if the
heat loss should be kept at 788 W/m 2, and 45
for steel.
C. 220 mm C. 260 mm
One insulated wall of a cold-storage D. 240 mm D. 280 mm
compartment is 8 m long by 2.5 m high and A
consist of an outer steel plate 18 mm thick. An
inner wood wall 22.5 mm thick, the steel and A hollow sphere has an outside radius of 1 m
wood are 90 mm apart to form a cavity which is and is made of polystyrene foam with a
filled with cork. If the temperature drop across thickness of 1 cm. a heat source inside keeps
the extreme faces of the composite wall is 15°C. the inner surface 5.20°C hotter than the outside
Calculate the heat transfer per hour through surface? The thermal conductivity of
the wall and the temperature drop across the polystyrene foam is 0.033 W/m°C.
thickness of the cork. Take the coefficients of C. 200 W C. 300 W
thermal conductivity for steel, cork and wood as D. 216 W D. 316 W
45, 0.045, and 0.18 W/m-K respectively. B
C. 408.24 kJ, 12.12°C C. 608.24 kJ,
13.12°C An insulated steam pipe located where the
D. 708.24 kJ, 11.12°C D. 508.24 kJ, ambient temperature is 32°C, has an inside
14.12°C diameter of 50 mm with 10 mm thick wall. The
D outside diameter of the corrugated asbestos
insulation is 125 mm and the surface coefficient
One side of refrigerated cold chamber is 6 m of still air is, ho = 12 W/m2-K. Inside the pipe is
long by 3.7 m high and consist 168 mm steam having a temperature of 150°C with film
thickness of cork between outer and inner walls coefficient hi = 6000 W/m2-K. Thermal
of wood. The outer wood wall is 30 mm thick conductivity of pipe and asbestos insulation are
and its outside face temperature is 20°C, the 45 and 0.12 W/m2-K respectively. Determine
inner wood wall 35 mm thick and its inside face the heat loss per unit length of pipe.
temperature is -3°C. taking the coefficient of C. 110 W C. 130 W
thermal conductivity of cork and wood 0.42 and D. 120 W D. 140 W
0.20 W/m-k respectively, calculate the heat B
transfer per second per sq. m of surface area. How many watts will be radiated from s
C. 5.138 J C. 6.318 J spherical black body 15 cm diameter at a
D. 4.138 J D. 3.318 J temperature of 800°C?
B C. 5.34 kW C. 6.34 kW
D. 4.34 kW D. 3.34 kW
Hot gases at 280°C flow on one side of a metal A
of 10mm thickness and air at 35°C flows on the A wall with an area of 10 m2 cm thickness of
other side. The heat transfer coefficient of the white pine (k = 0.113 W/m°C) followed by 10
gasses is 31.5 W/m2-K and that of the air is 32 cm of brick (k = 0.649°C W/m°C). The pine is on
W/m2-K. Calculate the over-all transfer the inside where the temperature is 10°C.
coefficient. Assuming equilibrium conditions exist, what is
C. 15.82 W/m2-K C. 14.82 W/m2-K the temperature at the interface between the
D. 16.82 W/m2-K D. 17.82 W/m2-K two metals?
A C. 15.65°C C. 18.21°C
D. 17.64°C D. 19.31°C
D
 C. 600 kJ C. 800 kJ
A counter flow heat exchanger is designed to D. 697.27 kJ D. 897.27 kJ
heat fuel oil from 45°C to 100°C while the B
heating fluid enters at 150°Cvand leaves at
115°C. Calculate the arithmetic mean One kilogram of wet steam at a pressure of 8
temperature difference? bar (Vg = 0.2404 m3/kg, vf = 0.0011148 m3/kg)
C. 40°C C. 60°C and dryness 0.94 is expanded until the pressure
D. 50°C D. 70°C is 4 bar (vg = 0.4625 m 3/kg, vf = 0.0010836 m3).
C If the expansion follows the law PV n = C, where
n =1.12, find the dryness fraction of the steam
A pipe with an outside diameter of 2.5 in. is at the lower pressure.
insulated with a 2 in layer of asbestos (ka = C. 0.9072 C. 0.2260
0.396 Btu/in./hr-ft2-°F). If the temperature of D. 0.4197 D. 0.2404
cork 1.5 in. thick (kc = 0.30 Btu/in./hr-ft2-°F). If C
the temperature of the outer surface of the
cork is 90°F, calculate the heat loss per 100 ft of Wet saturated steam at 16 bar (h f = 859 kJ/kg ,
insulated pipe. hg = 1935 kJ/kg) reducing valve and is throttled
C. 847.64 Btu/hr C. 2847.42 Btu/hr to a pressure of 8 bar (hr = 721 kJ/kg, hfg = 2048
D. 3847.51 Btu/hr D. 1847.14 Btu/hr kJ/kg). Find the dryness fraction of the reduces
C pressure steam.
C. 0.8833 C. 0.9933
The journals of a shaft are 380 mm diameter, it D. 0.7733 D. 0.6633
runs at 105 rpm and the coefficient of friction C
between journals and bearings is 0.02. If the
average load on the bearing is 200 KN, find the A 650 BHP diesel engine uses fuel oil of 28°API
heat generated per minute at the bearing? gravity, fuel consumption is 0.65 lb/BHP-hr. cost
C. 501.375 kJ C. 401.375 kJ of fuel is P 7.95 per liter. For continuous
D. 505.575 kJ D. 501.575 kJ operation, determine the minimum volume of
A cubical day tank in cm3, ambient temperature is
45°C.
The flow energy of 124 liters per minute of a C. 4,372,890 cm3 C. 5,291,880 cm3
fluid passing a boundary to a system is 108.5 D. 5,987,909 cm3 D. 7,352,789 cm3
kJ/min. determine the pressure at this point. A
C. 875 kPa C. 975 kPa
D. 675 kPa D. 575 kPa A typical industrial fuel oil, C16H32 with 20%
A excess air by weight. Assuming complete
oxidation of the fuel, calculate the actual air-
Work done by a substance in reversible non fuel ratio by weight.
flow manner in accordance with V = 100/P ft 3, C. 17.56 kgair/kgfuel C. 16.75
where P is in psia. Evaluate the work done on or kgair/kgfuel
by the substance as the pressure increases from D. 15.76 kgair/kgfuel D. 17.65
10 psia to 100 psia. kgair/kgfuel
C. 33,157.22 ft-lb C. 43,157.22 ft-lb A
D. -33,157.22 ft-lb D. -43,157.22 ft-lb 31. a ton of refrigeration system has a heat
B rejected of 100 kw. Find the energy efficiency
ratio of the system.
Calculate the change in enthalpy as 1 kg of
a. 13.42
nitrogen is heated from 1000 K to 1500 K,
assuming the nitrogen is an ideal gas at a b. 14.42
constant pressure. The temperature dependent c. 15.42
specific heat of nitrogen is Cp = 39.06 – 512.79 d. 16.42
T1.5 + 1072.7 T2 – 820.4T3 where Cp is in kJ/kg- ans b
mol, T is in K.
32. 200mm x 250 mm, 8 cylinder, 4 stroke diesel a diesel cycle has a cut-off ratio of 2.5 and
engine has a brake power of 150 kc. The expansion of 4. Find the clearance of the cycle
mechanical efficiency is 80 %. If two of the a. 9.11%
cylinders were accidentally cut off, what will be b.5.55%
the new friction power? c. 11.11%
a. 31.50 kw d. 15.15%
b. 33.50 Ans c
c. 35.50 kw A dual cycle has an intial temperature of 30 c.
d. 37.50 the compression ratio is 6 and the heat addition
ans D at constant volume process is 600 kj/kg. if cut-
if the energy efficiency ratio of the refrigeration off ratio is 2.5. find the maximum temperature
system is 12.6, what is the COP of the system? of the cycle
A, 3.69 a. 3638.5
b. 4.23 b.3365.50c
c. 5.92 c.3565.50c
d. 6.83 d. 3965 c
ans a ans B
an air compressor has a power of 40 kw at 4 % a three stage air compressor compresses air
clearance. If clearance will increase to 7 %, what from 100 kpa to 1000 kpa. Find the intercooler
is the new power? pressure between the first stage and second
a. 70 kw stage.
b. 40 kw a. 505.44 kpa
c. 53 kw b.108.44 kpa
d. 60 kw c. 316.23 kpa
ans B d.215.44 kpa
what is the approximate value of temperature ans d
of water having enthalpy of 208 BTU/lb a 10 stage air compressor air from 100 to 800
a. 138.67c kpa. Find the intercooler pressure between 1st
b. 115.55c and 2nd stage.
c. 258.67c a. 282.84
d. 68.87c b.113.21
ans b c.123.11
convert 750 R to K d.333.51
a. 390.33k ans c
b. 395.33k a 3-stage air compressor compresses air from
c. 410.33k 100 to 700 kpa. Find the intercooler pressure
d. 413.33 k between the 2nd and 3rd stage
ans d a. 365.88 kpa
an otto cycle has a compression ratio of 8. Find b. 375.88 kpa
the pressure ratio during compression c.385.55 kpa
a. 18.38 d.395.88 kpa
b. 16.38 ans a
c. 14.38 carnot cycle a, b, c are connected in series so
d. 12.38 that the heat rejected from a will be the heat
ans A added to b an heat rejected from b to c . each
cycle between 30 and 400 c. if heat added to a with oil that has SG=0.85. determine the
is 1000 kw find the work output. pressure difference between the top and
a. 111.44 kw bottom of the cylinder.
b. 549.78 kw a. 90.74 kpa
c. 247.53 kw b. 92.74 kpa
d. 141.89 kw c. 83.38 kpa
ans a d. 98.10 kpa
air compressed adiabatically from 30 to 100 c. if ans a
mass of air being compressed is 5 kg . find the an ideal gas at 0.80 atmospheric and 87 c
change of entropy occupies 0.450 liters. How many moles are in
a. 1039 kj/kg the sample?
b. 0.746 kj/kg (R=0.0821 lit-atm/mole-k)
c. 0 kj/kg a. 0.0002 mol
d. 1245kj/kg b. 0.0378 mol
ans C c.0.0122 mol
two kilogram of air in a rigid tank changes its d. 0.0091 mol
temperature from 32 to 150 c. find the work ans C
done during the process. a certain gas at 101.325 kpa and 10 c whose
a. 236 volume is 2.83 m3 are compressed into a
b.170 storage vessel of 0.31 kpa capacity. Before
c. 195 admission, the storage vessel contained the gas
d. 0 and temperature of 037.8 kpa and 26 c after
ans D admission the pressure has increased to 1171.8
determine the atmospheric pressure at a kpa. What should be the final temperature of
location where barometric reading is 740 mmhg the gas in the vessel in Kelvin?
and gravitational acceleration is g=9.7 m/s2. a. 298.0
Assume the temperature of mercury to be 10 c, b. 319.8
at which the density is 13570 kg/m3. c. 180.0
a. 99.45 kpa d. 314.2
b. 97.41 kpa ans D
c.95.44 kpa a perfect gas has a value of R = 58.8 ft-lb/lb-R
d.98.66 kpa and k = 1.26. if 20 BTU are added to 10 lbs of
ans B this gas at constant volume when initial
the barometer of a mountain hiker reads 930 temperature is 90 F, find the final temperature.
mbars at the beginning of a hiking trip and 780 a. 97 F
mbars at the end. Neglecting the effect of b. 104 F
altitude on local gravitational acceleration, c. 154 F
determine the vertical distance climbed. d. 185 F
Assume g=9.7 m/s2 ans A
a. 1274.21 m ammonia weighing 22 kgs is confirmed inside a
b. 1289.00 m cylinder equipped with a piston has an initial
c. 1267.34 m pressure of 413 kpa at 38 c. if 3200 KJ of heat is
d. 1583.34 m added to the ammonia until its final pressure
ans B and temperature are 413 kpa and 100 c,
the lower half of a 10 m high cylindrical respectively. What is the amount of work by the
container is filled with water and the upper half fluid in KJ?
a. 567 an air standard engine has a compression ratio
b. 304 of 18 and a cut-off ratio of 4. If the intake air
c. 420 pressure and temperature are 100 kpa and 27
d.502 kpa, find the work in KJ per kg.
ans a a. 2976
a tank contains 90 ft3 of air at a pressure of 350 b. 2166
psig; if air is cooled until its pressure and c. 1582
temperature decreases to 200 psig and 70 F d. 2751
respectively, what is the decrease in internal ans D
energy? determine the air standard efficiency of an
a. 6232 Btu engine operating on the diesel cycle with
b. -5552 clearance of 6 % when the suction pressure is
c 5552 99.97 kpa and the fuel is injected for 7 % of the
d. -6232.09 BTU stroke. Assume k=1.4
ans D a. 62.11 %
a large mining company was provided with a 3 b. 51.20 %
m3 of compresed air tank. Air pressure in the c. 73.58 %
tank drops from 700 kpa to 150 kpa while the d. 60.02 %
temperature remains constant at 28 c. what ans A
percentage has the mass of air in the tank been steam at 2 mpa and 250 c in a rigid cylinder is
reduced? cooled until the quality is 30 %. Find the heat
a. 74.00 rejected from the cylinder
b. 72.45 a. -432.23 kj /kg
c. 76.56 b. -926.26
d. 78.57 c. -1285.02 kj/kg
ans D d. 1082.34 kj/ kg
a 4 m3/ hr pump delivers water to a pressure ans c
tank. At a start, the gage reads 138 kpa until it at 1.3 mpa and 250 c in a rigid cylinder is cooled
reads 276 kpa and then the pump was shut off. until the quality is 40 % . find the heat rejected
The volume of the tank is 180 lit. at 276 kpa the from the cylinder
water occupied 2/3 of the tank volume. a. 1627.71 kj/kg
Determine the volume of water that can be b. 1533.33 kj/kg
taken out until the gage reads 138 kpa. c. 1234.45 kj / kg
a. 31.20 lit d. 1162.40 kj / kg
b. 34.59 lit ans D
c. 16.87 lit mixture with 70 % quality at 500 kpa is heated
d. 29.50 lit until its pressure is 300 kpa. Find the heat
ans B added during the process
a refrigeration plant is rated at 15 tons capacity. a. 745.92 kj/kg
How many pounds of air per hour will it cool b. 535.16 kj/kg
from 70 to 90 F at constant pressure. c. 983.44 kj/kg
a. 50000 lb/hr d. 765.34 kj/ kg
b. 37500 lb/hr ans a
c. 52000 lb/hr a tank contains exactly one kilogram of water
d. 45000 lb / hr consisting of liquid and vapor in equilibrium at 1
ans B Mpa. If the liquid contains one-third and the
remaining is vapor of the volume of the tank, pressure is 110 kpa and 150c. determine the
what is the enthalpy of the contents of the entropy of the steam line.
tank? a. 6.8 kj/kg k
a. 644.40 kj/kg b. 6.2 kj /kg-k
b. 774.40 kj/kg c. 6.6 kj/kg k
c. 785.92 kj/kg d. 7.5 kj /kg k
d. 435.29 kj /kg ans B
ans c atmospheric pressure boils at 212 F. at the
water substance at 70 bars and 65 c enters a vacuum pressure at 24 in hg, the temperature is
boiler tube of constant inside diameter of 25 142 F. find the boiling temperature when the
mm. the water leaves the boiler tube at 50 bars pressure is increased by 40 psia from
and 700 k at velocity 150 m/s. calculate the atmospheric
inlet velocity (m/s) a. 449.42F
a. 1.56 b. 526.34 F
b. 2.51 c. 479.13 F
c.1.672 d. 263.45 F
d. 3.230 ans A
ans b determine the amount of oxygen if the heating
water substance at 70 bar and 65 c enters a value of fuel is 26961.45 kj /kg
boiler tube of constant inside diameter of 35 a. 1.5 %
mm . the water leaves the boiler tube at 50 bar b. 2.5 %
and 700 k at velocity of 100 m/s. calculate the c. 3.5 %
inlet volume flow ( li/s) d. 4.5 %
a. 0.821 ans D
b. 1.261 a diesel engine consumed 945 lit of fuel per day
c. 0.344 at 35 c . if the fuel was purchased at 15.5 c and
d.1.609 30 API
ans D at P29.00 / li determine the cost of fuel operate
steam leaves an industrial boiler at 827.4kpa the engine per day
and 171.6 c. a portion of the steam is passed a. P 5677.50
through a throttling calorimeter and is b. P4677.50
exhausted to the atmosphere when the c. 48088.90
calorimeter pressure is 101.4 kpa. d. 27127.76
How much moisture does the steam leaving the ans d
boiler contain if the temperature of the steam a cylindrical tank 4m and 3m diameter is used
at the calorimeter is 115.6 c? for oil storage. How many days can the tank
a. 3.78 % supply the engine having 27 API with fuel
b. 3.08 % consumption of 60 kg/hr
c. 4.56 % a. 17.53
d. 2.34 % b. 5.84
ans B c 12.84
a throttling calorimeter is connected to the d. 19.84
desuperheated steam line supplying steam to ans a
the auxillary feed pump on a ship. The line a logging firm in Isabella operates a diesel
pressure measures 2.5 Mpa. The calorimeter electric palnt to supply its electric energy
requirements. During a 24 hour period, the
plant consumed 250 gallons of fuel at 80 F and a. 2.130
produced 2900 kw-hrs. industrial fuel used is 30 b. 3.230
API and was purchased at 30.00/ li at 60 F. c. 1.233
determine the overall thermal efficiency of the d. 1.130
plant ans C
a. 26.08 % a volumetric analysis of a gas mixture as follows
b. 34.23 % CO2 :12%
c. 28.00 % O2: 4%
d. 18.46 % N2: 80%
ans C CO: 4%
the dry exhaust gas from oil engine has the What is the percentage of CO2 on a mass basis
following gravimetric analysis a. 17.55 %
CO2=21.6 % b. 15.55%
O2=4.2% c. 12.73%
N2=74.2% d. 19.73%
Specific heats at constant pressure for each ans A
componenet of the exhaust gas in Kcal/ kg c are a impulse wheel at best produces 125 hp under
CO2 =0.203 a head of 210 ft. by what percent should be
O2=0.219 increased for 290 ft head?
N2=0.248 a. 82.5 %
Calculate the specific gravity if the molecular b. 17.5 %
weight of air is 28.97 kg/kg mol c. 72.41%
a. 0.981 ans A
b. 1.244 what is the power ratio of a pump and its 1/5
c. 1.055 scale model if the ratio of heads is 4 to 1?
d. 0.542 a. 20
ans C b.200
a bituminous coal has the following c. 12.5
composition d.125
C=71.5% ans B
H=5.0% the speed of a centrifugal pump is doubled. By
O=7.0 % what factor does the pump head change?
N=1.3% a. 0.125
S=3 % ash 7.6% W=3.4% b. 0.25
Determine the theoretical weight of nitrogen in c. 4
lb/lb of coal d. 8
a. 2.870 ans C
b. 7.526 compute the specific volume of an air vapor
c.2.274 mixture in cubic meters per kg of dry air when
d. 6.233 the following conditions prevail : t=40 c; w=
ans B 0.015 kg/kg; p=100 kpa
a gaseous fuel mixture has a molal analysis a. 0.99 m3/kg
H2=14 % CH4=3% CO=27% b. 0.89 m3/kg
O2=0.6 % CO=24.5 % N2=50.9 % c. 0.79 m3/kg
Determine the air fuel ratio for complete d. 0.69 m3/kg
combustion on molal basis ans A
a coil has an inlet temperature of 70 F and c. 34.23 %
outlet of 80 F. if the mean temperature of the d. 12.34 %
coil is 130 F, find the bypass factor of the coil ans a
a. 0.28 a thermal power plant generates 5 MW and the
b. 1.20 heat generated by fuel is 13000 kj / s. if thermal
c 0.82 efficiency is 36.15 %, find the power needed for
d. 0.83 the auxillaries
ans C a. 310 kw
compute the pressure drop of 35 c air flowing b. 300 kw
with a mean velocity of 5 m/s in a circular sheet c 400kw
metal duct 400 mm in diameter and 25 m long. d.350 kw
Use a factor , f = 0.04 and p air 1.3799 kg/m3 ans B
a. 431.22 pa a superheater steam rankine cycle has turbine
b. 221.34 pa inlet conditions of 17.5 Mpa and 530 C expands
c. 312.24 in a turbine to 0.007 Mpa. The turbine and
d. 422.31 pump polytropic efficiencies are 0.85 and 0.75
ans secret respectively, pressure losses between pump
a stocker fired boiler of 195 000 kg/hr steaming and turbine inlet are 1.5 Mpa. What should be
capacity uses this coal as fuel. Calculate volume the pump work in KJ/kg
of air in m3/hr with air at 60 F and 14.7 psia a. 17.34
and 14.7 psia pressure if boiler efficiency is 70% b. 27.32
and FE = 1.10 c.25.32
a. 234 019 m3/hr d. 47.33
b. 215 830 m3 /hr ans C
c. 213 830 m3 /hr in an open feedwater heater for a steam plant,
d. 264 830 m3 /hr saturated steam at 7 bar is mixed with
ans a subcooled liquid at 7 bar and 25 %. Just enough
23.5 kg of steam per second at 5 Mpa and 400 c steam is supplied to ensure that the mixed
is produced by a steam generator. The steam leaving the heater will be saturated liquid
feedwater enters the economizer at 145 c and at 7 bars when heater efficiency is 95 %.
leaves 205 c. the steam leaves the boiler drum Calculate the mass flow rate of subcooled liquid
with a quality of 98 %. The unit consumes 3 kg steam flow rate is 0.865 kg/s
of coal per second as received having a heating a. 2.725 kg/ s
value of 25 102 kj/kg. what would be the overall b. 3.353 kg/s
efficiency of the unit in percent? c. 2.869 kg/s
a. 65.72 d. 3.948 kg /s
b. 80.67 ans C
c. 88.28 a steam condenser receives 10 kg/s of steam
d. 78.82 with an enthalpy of 2770 kj / kg. steam
ans B condenses into a liquid and leaves with an
in a rankine cycle enters the turbine at 2.5 Mpa enthalpy of 160 kj/kg. cooling water passes
(enthalpies & entropies given) and condenser of through the condenser with remperature
50 kpa (properties given) , what is the thermal increases from 13 deg to 24 deg c. calculate the
efficiency of the cycle? water flow rate in kg/s.
a. 25.55 % a. 583
b. 45.23 % b. 567
c. 523 a steam turbine with 85 % stage efficiency
d. 528 receives steam at 7 Mpa and 550 c and exhaust
ans B as 20 kpa determine the turbine work.
steam expands adiabatically in a turbine from a. 1117 kj /kg
2000 kpa, 400 c to 400 kpa, 250 c. what is the b. 1132 kj/kg
effectiveness of the process in percent c. 1123.34 kj/kg
assuming pressure of 18 c . neglecting changes d. 1054.95 kj /kg
in kinetic and potential energy ans D
a. 82 a steam turbine with 80 % stage efficiency
b84 receives at 7 Mpa and 550 c and exhausts as 20
c79.60 kpa. Determine the quality at exhaust
d 79.46 a. 96.96%
ans D b. 76.34 %
a heat exchanger was installed purposely to c. 82.34 %
cool 0.50 kg of gas per second. Molecular d. 91.69 %
weight is 32 and k=32. The gas is cooled from ans A
150 c to 80 c. water us available at the rate of a 18000 kw geothermal plant has a generator
0.30 kg/s and a temperature of 5 deg c. efficiency and turbine efficiency of 90% and 80
calculate the exit temperature of the water in C. % respectively, the quality after throttling is 20
a. 44.86 % and each well discharges 400 000kg/hr,
b.42.86 determine the number of wells are required to
c. 46.45 produce if the change of enthalpy at entrance
d.40.34 and exit of turbine is 500 kj/kg.
ans a a. 4 wells
a 350 mm x 450 mm steam engine running at b. 2 wells
280 rpm has an entrance stream condition of 2 c. 6 walls
Mpa and 230 c and exit at 0.1 Mpa. The steam d. 8 wells
consumption is 2000 kg /hr and mechanincal ans B
efficiency is 85 %. If indicated mean effective a liquid dominated geothermal plant with a
pressure is 600 kpa, determine the brake single flash separator receives water at 204 c.
thermal efficiency. the separator pressure is 1.04 Mpa. A direct
a. 23.34 contact condenser operates at 0.034 Mpa. The
b. 15.25 % turbine has a polytropic efficiency of 0.75. for a
c. 14.16 % cycle output of 60 MW, what is the mass flow
d. 27.34 % rate of the well water in kg/s?
ans B a. 2933
a steam turbine receives 5000 kg/hr of steam at b.2100
5 Mpa and 400 c and velocity of 30 m/s. it c. 1860
leaves the turbine at 0.006 Mpa and 85 % d. 2444
quality and velocity of 15 m/s. radiation loss is ans a
10000 kj /hr. find the Kw developed
a.1273.29 an engine generator rated 9000 kVA at 80 %
b. 2173.29 power factor, 3 phase, 4160 V has an efficiency
c. 1373.6 of 90 %. If overall plant efficiency is 28 %, what
d. 7231.29 is the heat generated by the fuel
ans C a. 18800 KW
b. 28800 KW ans A
c. 7500 KW in a gas turbine unit, air enters the combustion
d. 25714KW chamber at 550 kpa 277 c and 43 m/s. the
ans D products of combustion leave the combustor at
the indicated thermal efficiency of a two stroke 511 kpa, 1004 c and 180 m/s. liquid fuel enters
diesel engine is 60 %. If friction is 15 % of heat with a heating value of 43000 kj/kg. for fuel-air
generated, determine the brake thermal ratio of 0.0229, what is the combustor
efficiency. efficiency of the unit in percent?
a. 43 % A. 70.38%
b. 45% b. 79.38%
c. 36% c. 75.38%
d. 37% d. 82.38 %
ans B ans C
a 305 mm x 457 mm four stroke single acting the specific speed of turbine is 85 rpm and
diesel engine is rated at 150 kw at 260 rpm. running at 450 rpm. If the load head is 20 m and
Fuel consumption at rated load is 0.56 kg/kw – generator efficiency is 90 %, what is the
hr with a heating value of 43912 kj/kg. calculate maximum power delivered by the generator
the brake thermal efficiency a. 450.51 KW
a.10.53 % b. 354.52 KW
‘b. 27.45 % c. 650.53 KW
c. 14.64% d. 835.57 KW
d. 18.23% ans D
ans C
a waste heat recovery boiler produces 4.8 Mpa The refrigerant volume flow rate at
(dry saturated) steam from 104 C feedwater. entrance at the entrance of compressor were
The boiler receives energy from 7 kg/s of 954 c obtained from a test on a twin cylinder, single
dry air. After passing through a waste heat acting 15 cm x 20 cm, 320 rpm compressor
boiler, the temperature of the air has been ammonia refrigerating plant to be 33 L/s.
reduced to 343 C. how much steam in kg Determine the volumetric efficiency of the
produced in kg is produced per second? Note at compressor.
4.80 Mpa dry saturated A. 77.65 %
a. 1.30 B. 87.6 %
b. 0.92 C. 97.6 TR
c. 1.81 D. 65.65 %
d. 3.43 A twin cylinder ammonia compressor
ans c with volume displacement of 14,726 cm3
a diesel electric plant energy for meralco. operates at 300 rpm. Condenser and
During a 24 hr period, the plant consumed 240 evaporator pressure are 1200 kPa and 227 kPa
gal of fuels at 28 c and produced 3930 kw hr. respectively. Specific volume of refrigerant at
industrial fuel used as 28 API and was the entrance of compressor is 528.26 L/kg.
purchased at P 30 per liter at 15.6 C. what is the Compression process is polytropic with n = 1.2
cost of fuel be to produced one KW-hr and clearance factor of compressor is 2 percent.
a. P6.87 Determine horsepower required.
b. P1.10 A. 60 hp
c. P41.07 B. 70 hp
d. 5.00 C. 80 hp
D. 90 hp D. 33.1 ml
 Three thousand cubic feet per minute  A car engine with a power output of 65
of air are circulated over an air-cooled hp has a thermal efficiency of 24%.
condenser. If the load on the condenser Determine the fuel consumption rate of
is 64,800 Btu/hr, compute the this car if the fuel has heating value of
temperature rise of the air passing over 19,000 Btu/lbm.
the condenser. Specific volume of A. 36.28 lb/hr
standard air (13.34 ft3/lb). B. 37.28 lb/hr
A. 10 0F C. 37.28 lb/hr
B. 15 0F D. 35.30 lb/hr
C. 20 0F  The thermal efficiency of a carnot cycle
D. 25 0F operating between 170 0C and 620 0C
 A reversed Carnot cycle has a to:
refrigerating COP of 2.5. Determine the A. 44%
ratio TH/TL? B. 50%
A. 1.4 C. 63%
B. 1.5 D. 73%
C. 1.25  Compute the humidity ratio of air at
D. 1.2 70% relative humidity and 25 0C when
 Saturated vapor ammonia at -16 0C (h7 = the barometric pressure is 101.325 kPa.
1442.60 kJ/kg) leaves the evaporator From steam tables: Psat 34 0C = 3.169
and enters the compressor at -6 0C (h1 = kPa.
1465 kJ/kg). The refrigerant leaves the A. 0.014 kg water vapor/kg dry air
condenser as saturated liquid at 40 0C B. 0.14 kg water vapor/kg dry air
(h4 = 390.6 kJ/kg). Heat rejected from C. 1.4 kg water vapor/kg dry air
the condenser amount to 50 kW. The D. 0.0014 kg water vapor/kg dry air
work to compressor is 208 kJ/kg, while  A pressure gage registers 50 psig in a
the heat loss from compressor is 33 region where the barometer reads 14.8
kJ/kg. If 9.5 kJ/kg of heat are lost in the psia. Find the absolute pressure in kPa.
piping between the compressor A. 666.66 kPa
discharge and condenser inlet, B. 556.66 kPa
determine the refrigerating capacity of C. 446.66 kPa
the system. D. 336.66 kPa
A. 49.5 TR  Consider 1 kg of air at 32 0C that
B. 46.61 TR expanded by a reversible polytropic
C. 12.88 TR process with n = 1.25 until the pressure
D. 13.24 TR is halved: Determine the heat transfer.
 A 35.0 mL sample of gas is enclosed in a Specific heat at constant volume for air
flask at 22 degrees Celsius. If the flask is 0.1786 kJ/kg.K.
was placed in an ice bath at 0 degrees A. 17.02 kJ heat rejected
Celsius, what would the new gas B. 17.02 kJ added
volume be if the pressure is held C. 7.05 kJ heat rejected
constant? D. 7.05 kJ added
A. 34.1 ml  Fifty kilograms of cooling water per
B. 31.1 ml second enter the condenser at 25 0C
C. 32.39 ml
 and leaves at 50 0C. Find the heat inside of a cold storage in one hour. If
carried away by water. the temperature and all other
A. 1234.45 kW conditions are the same, what is the
B. 5233.75kW heat flowing through the cold storage
C. 2340.52 kW room in two hours?
D. 3140.25 kW A. 600 kJ
 Ten kilograms per second of steam B. 900kJ
enter the turbine with an enthalpy of C. 300kJ
3200 kJ/kg and enter the condenser D. 1,200 kJ
with an enthalpy of 2500 kJ/kg in  Determine the specific weight of air at
Rankine cycle. If the turbine efficiency is 760 mmHg absolute and 22 0C?
80% and the generator efficiency is A. 3.517 kW
90%, determine the power plant B. 12,000 kW
output. C. 211 kJ/min
A. 4320 kW D. All of the above
B. 3213 kW  Find the work process for a Helium gas
C. 4056 kW at 20 0C
D. 5040 kW A. 609 kJ/kg
 Determine the quality of steam in a B. 168 kJ/kg
vessel containing 2 kg of saturated C. 229 kJ/kg
vapor and 8 kg of saturated liquid. D. 339 kJ/kg
A. 100%  Two kilogram of gas is confined in a 1m3
B. 20% tank at 200 kPa and 88 0C. What type of
C. 80% gas is in the tank?
D. 60% A. Helium
 The condenser of reheat power plant B. Ethane
rejects heat at the rate of 500 kW. The C. Methane
mass flow rate of cooling water is 5 kg/s D. Ethane
and the inlet cooling water temperature  Find the enthalpy of Helium if its
is 35 0C. Calculate the condenser cooling internal energy is 200kJ/kg
water exit temperature. A. 144 kJ/kg
A. 43.35 0C B. 223.42 kJ/kg
B. 53.45 0C C. 333.42 kJ/kg
C. 63.66 0C D. 168 kJ/kg
D. 74.34 0C  Compute the mass of a 2 m3 propane at
 One kilogram of air is compressed 280 kpa and 40 0C.
adiabatically and in a steady-flow A. 6.47 kg
manner. The compression efficiency is B. 5.1 kg
80% and the work done on the air is C. 10.20 kg
265kJ/kg. Compute the heat. D. 9.47 kg
A. 212 kJ/kg  Compute the air flow in ft3/min of
B. 100 kJ/kg mechanical ventilation required to
C. 0 kJ/kg exhaust an accumulation of refrigerant
D. 331.25 kJ/kg due to leaks of the system capable of
 Three-hundred kilojoules of heat flow revolving air from the machinery room
by conduction from the outside to the for a mass of 4lbs refrigerant.
A. 200 D. 0.00187
B. 210  Find the loss of head in the pipe
C. 220 entrance if speed of flow is 10 m/s.
D. 230 A. 5.10
 Compute the free aperture cross B. 10.2
section in m2 for the ventilation of a C. 17.4
machinery room if the mass of D. 2.55
refrigerant IS 9 KG.  Wet material, containing 220%
A. 0.314 moisture ( dry basis ) s to be dried at
B. 0.414 the rate of 1.5 kg/s in a continuous
C. 0.514 dryer to give a product containing 10%
D. 0.614 (dry basis). Find the moisture removed
 A 29.53” X 39.37” pressure vessel in kg/hr
contains ammonia with f=0.041. A. 3543.75 kg/hr
Compute the minimum required B. 3513.75 kg/hr
discharge capacity of the relief device in C. 3563.75 kg/hr
kg/hr. D. 3593.75 kg/hr
A. 106.71 kg/hr  Copra enters a dryer containing 70%
B. 108.71 kg/hr moisture and leaves at 7% moisture.
C. 110.71 kg/hr Find the moisture removed on each
D. 112.71 kg/hr pound of solid in final product.
 Compute the maximum length of the A. 6.258 lb
discharge pipe installed on the outlet of B. 1.258 lb
a pressure-relief device in feet for C. 4.258 lb
internal pipe diameter of 0.5 in and D. 2.258 lb
rated discharge capacityis 8 lb/min of  A 1 m x 1.5 m cylindrical tank is full of
air. The rated pressure of relief valve is oil with S.G = 0.92. Find the force acting
16 psig. at the bottom of the tank in dynes.
A. 0.286 ft A. 106.33 x 10^3 dynes
B. 0.386 ft B. 106.33 x 10^4 dynes
C. 0.486 ft C. 106.33 x 10^5 dynes
D. 0.586 ft D. 106.33 x 10^6 dynes
 A thermal power plant has a heat rate  Find the pressure at the 100 fathom
of 11, 363 Btu/kW-hr, Find the thermal depth of water in kpag.
efficiency of the plant. A. 1,793.96 kpag
A. 28% B. 1,893.96 kpag
B. 30% C. 1,993.96 kpag
C. 34% D. 1,693.96 kpag
D. 40%  Find the depth in furlong of the ocean
 What is the hydraulic gradient of a 1 (S.G = 1.03) if the pressure at the sea
mile, 17 inches inside diameter pipe bed is 2,032.56 kpag.
when 3300 gal/min of water flow with f A. 1
= 0.03 B. 2
A. 0.00714 C. 3
B. 0.00614 D. 4
C. 0.00234  Find the mass of 10 quartz of water.
A. 10.46 kg system is 6, Find the tons of
B. 9.46 kg refrigeration of the system.
C. 11.46 kg A. 43.15%
D. 8.46 kg B. 46.15%
 Find the mass of carbon dioxide having C. 49.15%
a pressure of 20 psia at 200F with 10 ft3 D. 41.15%
volume.  A 23 tons of refrigeration system has a
A. 1.04 lbs heat rejected of 1ookW. Find the
B. 1.14 lbs energy efficiency ratio of the system.
C. 1.24 lbs A. 13.42
D. 1.34 lbs B. 14.42
 Find the heat needed to raise the C. 15.42
temperature of water from 30C to 100 D. 16.42
C with 60% quality. Consider an  A 200 mm X 250 mm, 8 cylinder, 4-
atmospheric pressure of 101.325 kpa. stroke diesel engine has a brake power
Use the approximate enthalpy formula of 150kW. The mechanical efficiency is
of liquid. 80%. If two of the cylinders were
A. 293.09 kJ/kg accidentally cut off, what will be the
B. 1,772.90 kJ/kg new friction power?
C. 1,547.90 kJ/kg A. 31.50 kW
D. 1,647.29 kJ/kg B. 33.50kW
 Find the enthalpy of water at 212F and C. 35.5o kW
14.7 psi if the dryness factor is 30%. Use D. 37.50 kW
the approximate enthalpy formula of  If the efficiency ratio of the refrigeration
liquid system is 12.6, what is the COP of the
A. 461 Btu/lb system?
B. 471 Btu/lb A. 3.69
C. 481 Btu/lb B. 4.23
D. 491 Btu/lb C. 5.92
 An air compressor consumed 1200 kW- D. 6.83
hr per day of energy. The electric motor  An air compressor has a power of 40
driving the compressor has an efficiency kW at 4% clearance. If clearance will
of 80%. If indicated power of the increase to 7%, what is the new power?
compressor is 34 kW, Find the A. 70 kW
mechanical efficiency of the B. 40 kW
compressor. C. 53 kW
A. 117.65% D. 60 kW
B. 75%  What is the approximate value of
C. 85% temperature of water having enthalpy
D. 90% of 208 Btu/lb?
 A refrigeration system consumed A. 138.67⁰C
28,300 kW-hr per month of energy. B. 115.55⁰C
There are 20% of energy is lodt due to C. 258.67⁰C
cooling system of the compressor and D. 68.67⁰C
motor efficiency is 90%. If COP pf the  Convert 750⁰R to ⁰K
A. 390.33⁰K
B. 395.33⁰K intercooler pressure between the 2nd
C. 410.33⁰K and 3rd stage
D. 416.33⁰K A. 365.88 kW
 An otto cycle has a compression ratio of B. 375.88 kW
8. Find the pressure ratio during C. 385.88 kW
compression. D. 395.88 kW
A. 18.38  Carnot cycle A, B and C are connected
B. 16.38 in series so that the heat rejected from
C. 14.38 A will be the heat added to B and heat
D. 12.38 rejected from B will be added to C. Each
 A diesel cycle has a cut off ratio of 2.5 cycle oprates between 30⁰C and 400⁰C.
and expansion ratio of 4. Find the If heat added to A is 1000kW, find the
clearance of the cycle. work output of C.
A. 9.11 % A. 111.44 kW
B. 5.55% B. 549.78 kW
C. 11.11% C. 247.53 kW
D. 15.25% D. 141.89 kW
 A dual cycle has an initial temperature  . a ton of refrigeration system has a
of 30C. The compression ratio is 6 and heat rejected of 100 kw. Find the
heat addition at constant volume energy efficiency ratio of the system.
process is 600 Kj/kg. If cut-off ratio is a. 13.42
2.5, Find the maximum temperature of b. 14.42
the cycle. c. 15.42
A. 3638.5⁰C d. 16.42
B. 3365.50⁰C  200mm x 250 mm, 8 cylinder, 4 stroke
C. 3565.50⁰C diesel engine has a brake power of 150
D. 3965.50⁰C kc. The mechanical efficiency is 80 %. If
 A three stages air compressor two of the cylinders were accidentally
compresses air from 100kPa to 1000 cut off, what will be the new friction
kPa. Find the intercooler pressure power?
between the first and second stage. a. 31.50 kw
A. 505.44 kPa b. 33.50
B. 108.44 kPa c. 35.50 kw
C. 316.23 kPa d. 37.50
D. 215.44 kPa  if the energy efficiency ratio of the
 A 10-stages air compressor compresses refrigeration system is 12.6, what is the
air from 100 kPa to 800 kPa. Find the COP of the system?
intercooler pressure between the first a. 3.69
and second stage. b. 4.23
A. 282.82 kPa c. 5.92
B. 113.21 kPa d. 6.83
C. 123.11 kPa  an air compressor has a power of 40 kw
D. 333.51 kPa at 4 % clearance. If clearance will
 A 3-stages air compressor compresses increase to 7 %, what is the new
air from 1oo kPa to 700 kPa. Find the power?
a. 70 kw
b. 40 kw c. 316.23 kpa
c. 53 kw d.215.44 kpa
d. 60 kw  a 10 stage air compressor air from 100
 what is the approximate value of to 800 kpa. Find the intercooler
temperature of water having enthalpy pressure between 1st and 2nd stage.
of 208 BTU/lb a. 282.84
a. 138.67c b.113.21
b. 115.55c c.123.11
c. 258.67c d.333.51
d. 68.87c  a 3-stage air compressor compresses air
 convert 750 R to K from 100 to 700 kpa. Find the
A. a. 390.33k intercooler pressure between the 2nd
B. b. 395.33k and 3rd stage
C. c. 410.33k a. 365.88 kpa
D. d. 413.33 k b. 375.88 kpa
 an otto cycle has a compression ratio of c.385.55 kpa
8. Find the pressure ratio during d.395.88 kpa
compression  carnot cycle a, b, c are connected in
a. 18.38 series so that the heat rejected from a
b. 16.38 will be the heat added to b an heat
c. 14.38 rejected from b to c . each cycle
d. 12.38 between 30 and 400 c. if heat added to
 a diesel cycle has a cut-off ratio of 2.5 a is 1000 kw find the work output.
and expansion of 4. Find the clearance a. 111.44 kw
of the cycle b. 549.78 kw
a. 9.11% c. 247.53 kw
b.5.55% d. 141.89 kw
c. 11.11%  air compressed adiabatically from 30 to
d. 15.15% 100 c. if mass of air being compressed is
 A dual cycle has an intial temperature 5 kg . find the change of entropy
of 30 c. the compression ratio is 6 and a. 1039 kj/kg
the heat addition at constant volume b. 0.746 kj/kg
process is 600 kj/kg. if cut-off ratio is c. 0 kj/kg
2.5. find the maximum temperature of d. 1245kj/kg
the cycle  two kilogram of air in a rigid tank
a. 3638.5 changes its temperature from 32 to 150
b.3365.50c c. find the work done during the
c.3565.50c process.
d. 3965 c a. 236
 a three stage air compressor b.170
compresses air from 100 kpa to 1000 c. 195
kpa. Find the intercooler pressure d. 0
between the first stage and second  determine the atmospheric pressure at
stage. a location where barometric reading is
a. 505.44 kpa 740 mmhg and gravitational
b.108.44 kpa acceleration is g=9.7 m/s2. Assume the
 temperature of mercury to be 10 c, at b. 319.8
which the density is 13570 kg/m3. c. 180.0
a. 99.45 kpa d. 314.2
b. 97.41 kpa  a perfect gas has a value of R = 58.8 ft-
c.95.44 kpa lb/lb-R and k = 1.26. if 20 BTU are
d.98.66 kpa added to 10 lbs of this gas at constant
 the barometer of a mountain hiker volume when initial temperature is 90
reads 930 mbars at the beginning of a F, find the final temperature.
hiking trip and 780 mbars at the end. a. 97 F
Neglecting the effect of altitude on local b. 104 F
gravitational acceleration, determine c. 154 F
the vertical distance climbed. d. 185 F
Assume g=9.7 m/s2  ammonia weighing 22 kgs is confirmed
a. 1274.21 m inside a cylinder equipped with a piston
b. 1289.00 m has an initial pressure of 413 kpa at 38
c. 1267.34 m c. if 3200 KJ of heat is added to the
d. 1583.34 m ammonia until its final pressure and
 the lower half of a 10 m high cylindrical temperature are 413 kpa and 100 c,
container is filled with water and the respectively. What is the amount of
upper half with oil that has SG=0.85. work by the fluid in KJ?
determine the pressure difference a. 567
between the top and bottom of the b. 304
cylinder. c. 420
a. 90.74 kpa d.502
b. 92.74 kpa  a tank contains 90 ft3 of air at a
c. 83.38 kpa pressure of 350 psig; if air is cooled until
d. 98.10 kpa its pressure and temperature decreases
 an ideal gas at 0.80 atmospheric and 87 to 200 psig and 70 F respectively, what
c occupies 0.450 liters. How many is the decrease in internal energy?
moles are in the sample? a. 6232 Btu
 (R=0.0821 lit-atm/mole-k) b. -5552
a. 0.0002 mol c 5552
b. 0.0378 mol d. -6232.09 BTU
c.0.0122 mol  a large mining company was provided
d. 0.0091 mol with a 3 m3 of compresed air tank. Air
 a certain gas at 101.325 kpa and 10 c pressure in the tank drops from 700 kpa
whose volume is 2.83 m3 are to 150 kpa while the temperature
compressed into a storage vessel of remains constant at 28 c. what
0.31 kpa capacity. Before admission, percentage has the mass of air in the
the storage vessel contained the gas tank been reduced?
and temperature of 037.8 kpa and 26 c a. 74.00
after admission the pressure has b. 72.45
increased to 1171.8 kpa. What should c. 76.56
be the final temperature of the gas in d. 78.57
the vessel in Kelvin?  a 4 m3/ hr pump delivers water to a
a. 298.0 pressure tank. At a start, the gage reads
 138 kpa until it reads 276 kpa and then at 1.3 mpa and 250 c in a rigid cylinder
the pump was shut off. The volume of is cooled until the quality is 40 % . find the heat
the tank is 180 lit. at 276 kpa the water rejected from the cylinder
occupied 2/3 of the tank volume. a. 1627.71 kj/kg
Determine the volume of water that b. 1533.33 kj/kg
can be taken out until the gage reads c. 1234.45 kj / kg
138 kpa. d. 1162.40 kj / kg
a. 31.20 lit  mixture with 70 % quality at 500 kpa is
b. 34.59 lit heated until its pressure is 300 kpa. Find
c. 16.87 lit the heat added during the process
d. 29.50 lit a. 745.92 kj/kg
 a refrigeration plant is rated at 15 tons b. 535.16 kj/kg
capacity. How many pounds of air per c. 983.44 kj/kg
hour will it cool from 70 to 90 F at d. 765.34 kj/ kg
constant pressure.  a tank contains exactly one kilogram of
a. 50000 lb/hr water consisting of liquid and vapor in
b. 37500 lb/hr equilibrium at 1 Mpa. If the liquid
c. 52000 lb/hr contains one-third and the remaining is
d. 45000 lb / hr vapor of the volume of the tank, what is
 an air standard engine has a the enthalpy of the contents of the
compression ratio of 18 and a cut-off tank?
ratio of 4. If the intake air pressure and a. 644.40 kj/kg
temperature are 100 kpa and 27 kpa, b. 774.40 kj/kg
find the work in KJ per kg. c. 785.92 kj/kg
a. 2976 d. 435.29 kj /kg
b. 2166 water substance at 70 bars and 65 c enters a
c. 1582 boiler tube of constant inside diameter of 25
d. 2751 mm. the water leaves the boiler tube at 50 bars
 determine the air standard efficiency of and 700 k at velocity 150 m/s. calculate the
an engine operating on the diesel cycle inlet velocity (m/s)
with clearance of 6 % when the suction a. 1.56
pressure is 99.97 kpa and the fuel is b. 2.51
injected for 7 % of the stroke. Assume c.1.672
k=1.4 d. 3.230
a. 62.11 %  water substance at 70 bar and 65 c
b. 51.20 % enters a boiler tube of constant inside
c. 73.58 % diameter of 35 mm . the water leaves
d. 60.02 % the boiler tube at 50 bar and 700 k at
 steam at 2 mpa and 250 c in a rigid velocity of 100 m/s. calculate the inlet
cylinder is cooled until the quality is 30 volume flow ( li/s)
%. Find the heat rejected from the a. 0.821
cylinder b. 1.261
a. -432.23 kj /kg c. 0.344
b. -926.26 d.1.609
c. -1285.02 kj/kg  steam leaves an industrial boiler at
d. 1082.34 kj/ kg 827.4kpa and 171.6 c. a portion of the
 steam is passed through a throttling  a cylindrical tank 4m and 3m diameter
calorimeter and is exhausted to the is used for oil storage. How many days
atmosphere when the calorimeter can the tank supply the engine having
pressure is 101.4 kpa.How much 27 API with fuel consumption of 60
moisture does the steam leaving the kg/hr
boiler contain if the temperature of the a. 17.53
steam at the calorimeter is 115.6 c? b. 5.84
a. 3.78 % c 12.84
b. 3.08 % d. 19.84
c. 4.56 %  a logging firm in Isabella operates a
d. 2.34 % diesel electric palnt to supply its electric
 a throttling calorimeter is connected to energy requirements. During a 24 hour
the desuperheated steam line supplying period, the plant consumed 250 gallons
steam to the auxillary feed pump on a of fuel at 80 F and produced 2900 kw-
ship. The line pressure measures 2.5 hrs. industrial fuel used is 30 API and
Mpa. The calorimeter pressure is 110 was purchased at 30.00/ li at 60 F.
kpa and 150c. determine the entropy of determine the overall thermal efficiency
the steam line. of the plant
a. 6.8 kj/kg k a. 26.08 %
b. 6.2 kj /kg-k b. 34.23 %
c. 6.6 kj/kg k c. 28.00 %
d. 7.5 kj /kg k d. 18.46 %
 atmospheric pressure boils at 212 F. at the dry exhaust gas from oil engine has the
the vacuum pressure at 24 in hg, the following gravimetric analysis
temperature is 142 F. find the boiling CO2=21.6 %
temperature when the pressure is O2=4.2%
increased by 40 psia from atmospheric N2=74.2%
a. 449.42F Specific heats at constant pressure for each
b. 526.34 F componenet of the exhaust gas in Kcal/ kg c are
c. 479.13 F CO2 =0.203
d. 263.45 F O2=0.219
 determine the amount of oxygen if the N2=0.248
heating value of fuel is 26961.45 kj /kg Calculate the specific gravity if the molecular
a. 1.5 % weight of air is 28.97 kg/kg mol
b. 2.5 % a. 0.981
c. 3.5 % b. 1.244
d. 4.5 % c. 1.055
 a diesel engine consumed 945 lit of fuel d. 0.542
per day at 35 c . if the fuel was a bituminous coal has the following
purchased at 15.5 c and 30 API at composition
P29.00 / li determine the cost of fuel C=71.5%
operate the engine per day H=5.0%
a. P 5677.50 O=7.0 %
b. P4677.50 N=1.3%
c. 48088.90 S=3 % ash 7.6% W=3.4%
d. 27127.76
Determine the theoretical weight of nitrogen in  compute the specific volume of an air
lb/lb of coal vapor mixture in cubic meters per kg of
a. 2.870 dry air when the following conditions
b. 7.526 prevail : t=40 c; w= 0.015 kg/kg; p=100
c.2.274 kpa
d. 6.233 a. 0.99 m3/kg
a gaseous fuel mixture has a molal analysis b. 0.89 m3/kg
H2=14 % CH4=3% CO=27% c. 0.79 m3/kg
O2=0.6 % CO=24.5 % N2=50.9 % d. 0.69 m3/kg
Determine the air fuel ratio for  a coil has an inlet temperature of 70 F
complete combustion on molal basis and outlet of 80 F. if the mean
a. 2.130 temperature of the coil is 130 F, find
b. 3.230 the bypass factor of the coil
c. 1.233 a. 0.28
d. 1.130 b. 1.20
a volumetric analysis of a gas mixture as follows c 0.82
CO2 :12% d. 0.83
O2: 4%  compute the pressure drop of 35 c air
N2: 80% flowing with a mean velocity of 5 m/s in
CO: 4% a circular sheet metal duct 400 mm in
What is the percentage of CO2 on a mass basis diameter and 25 m long. Use a factor , f
a. 17.55 % = 0.04 and p air 1.3799 kg/m3
b. 15.55% a. 431.22 pa
c. 12.73% b. 221.34 pa
d. 19.73% c. 312.24
 a impulse wheel at best produces 125 d. 422.31
hp under a head of 210 ft. by what Ans.secret
percent should be increased for 290 ft  a stocker fired boiler of 195 000 kg/hr
head? steaming capacity uses this coal as fuel.
a. 82.5 % Calculate volume of air in m3/hr with
b. 17.5 % air at 60 F and 14.7 psia and 14.7 psia
c. 72.41% pressure if boiler efficiency is 70% and
 what is the power ratio of a pump and FE = 1.10
its 1/5 scale model if the ratio of heads a. 234 019 m3/hr
is 4 to 1? b. 215 830 m3 /hr
a. 20 c. 213 830 m3 /hr
b.200 d. 264 830 m3 /hr
c. 12.5  23.5 kg of steam per second at 5 Mpa
d.125 and 400 c is produced by a steam
 the speed of a centrifugal pump is generator. The feedwater enters the
doubled. By what factor does the pump economizer at 145 c and leaves 205 c.
head change? the steam leaves the boiler drum with a
a. 0.125 quality of 98 %. The unit consumes 3 kg
b. 0.25 of coal per second as received having a
c. 4 heating value of 25 102 kj/kg. what
d. 8
 would be the overall efficiency of the a. 2.725 kg/ s
unit in percent? b. 3.353 kg/s
a. 65.72 c. 2.869 kg/s
b. 80.67 d. 3.948 kg /s
c. 88.28  a steam condenser receives 10 kg/s of
d. 78.82 steam with an enthalpy of 2770 kj / kg.
 in a rankine cycle enters the turbine at steam condenses into a liquid and
2.5 Mpa (enthalpies & entropies given) leaves with an enthalpy of 160 kj/kg.
and condenser of 50 kpa (properties cooling water passes through the
given) , what is the thermal efficiency of condenser with remperature increases
the cycle? from 13 deg to 24 deg c. calculate the
a. 25.55 % water flow rate in kg/s.
b. 45.23 % a. 583
c. 34.23 % b. 567
d. 12.34 % c. 523
 a thermal power plant generates 5 MW d. 528
and the heat generated by fuel is 13000  steam expands adiabatically in a turbine
kj / s. if thermal efficiency is 36.15 %, from 2000 kpa, 400 c to 400 kpa, 250 c.
find the power needed for the what is the effectiveness of the process
auxillaries in percent assuming pressure of 18 c .
a. 310 kw neglecting changes in kinetic and
b. 300 kw potential energy
c 400kw a. 82
d.350 kw b. 84
 a superheater steam rankine cycle has c. 79.60
turbine inlet conditions of 17.5 Mpa d 79.46
and 530 C expands in a turbine to 0.007  a heat exchanger was installed
Mpa. The turbine and pump polytropic purposely to cool 0.50 kg of gas per
efficiencies are 0.85 and 0.75 second. Molecular weight is 32 and
respectively, pressure losses between k=32. The gas is cooled from 150 c to 80
pump and turbine inlet are 1.5 Mpa. c. water us available at the rate of 0.30
What should be the pump work in KJ/kg kg/s and a temperature of 5 deg c.
a. 17.34 calculate the exit temperature of the
b. 27.32 water in C.
c.25.32 a. 44.86
d. 47.33 b.42.86
 in an open feedwater heater for a c. 46.45
steam plant, saturated steam at 7 bar is d.40.34
mixed with subcooled liquid at 7 bar  a 350 mm x 450 mm steam engine
and 25 %. Just enough steam is supplied running at 280 rpm has an entrance
to ensure that the mixed steam leaving stream condition of 2 Mpa and 230 c
the heater will be saturated liquid at 7 and exit at 0.1 Mpa. The steam
bars when heater efficiency is 95 %. consumption is 2000 kg /hr and
Calculate the mass flow rate of mechanincal efficiency is 85 %. If
subcooled liquid steam flow rate is indicated mean effective pressure is
0.865 kg/s
 600 kpa, determine the brake thermal  a liquid dominated geothermal plant
efficiency. with a single flash separator receives
a. 23.34 water at 204 c. the separator pressure
b. 15.25 % is 1.04 Mpa. A direct contact condenser
c. 14.16 % operates at 0.034 Mpa. The turbine has
d. 27.34 % a polytropic efficiency of 0.75. for a
 a steam turbine receives 5000 kg/hr of cycle output of 60 MW, what is the
steam at 5 Mpa and 400 c and velocity mass flow rate of the well water in
of 30 m/s. it leaves the turbine at 0.006 kg/s?
Mpa and 85 % quality and velocity of 15 a. 2933
m/s. radiation loss is 10000 kj /hr. find b.2100
the Kw developed c. 1860
a.1273.29 d. 2444
b. 2173.29  an engine generator rated 9000 kVA at
c. 1373.6 80 % power factor, 3 phase, 4160 V has
d. 7231.29 an efficiency of 90 %. If overall plant
 a steam turbine with 85 % stage efficiency is 28 %, what is the heat
efficiency receives steam at 7 Mpa and generated by the fuel
550 c and exhaust as 20 kpa determine a. 18800 KW
the turbine work. b. 28800 KW
a. 1117 kj /kg c. 7500 KW
b. 1132 kj/kg d. 25714KW
c. 1123.34 kj/kg  the indicated thermal efficiency of a
d. 1054.95 kj /kg two stroke diesel engine is 60 %. If
 a steam turbine with 80 % stage friction is 15 % of heat generated,
efficiency receives at 7 Mpa and 550 c determine the brake thermal efficiency.
and exhausts as 20 kpa. Determine the a. 43 %
quality at exhaust b. 45%
a. 96.96% c. 36%
b. 76.34 % d. 37%
c. 82.34 %  a 305 mm x 457 mm four stroke single
d. 91.69 % acting diesel engine is rated at 150 kw
 a 18000 kw geothermal plant has a at 260 rpm. Fuel consumption at rated
generator efficiency and turbine load is 0.56 kg/kw –hr with a heating
efficiency of 90% and 80 % respectively, value of 43912 kj/kg. calculate the
the quality after throttling is 20 % and brake thermal efficiency
each well discharges 400 000kg/hr, a.10.53 %
determine the number of wells are b. 27.45 %
required to produce if the change of c. 14.64%
enthalpy at entrance and exit of turbine d. 18.23%
is 500 kj/kg.  a waste heat recovery boiler produces
a. 4 wells 4.8 Mpa (dry saturated) steam from 104
b. 2 wells C feedwater. The boiler receives energy
c. 6 walls from 7 kg/s of 954 c dry air. After
d. 8 wells passing through a waste heat boiler, the
temperature of the air has been
 reduced to 343 C. how much steam in L. 65.65 %
kg produced in kg is produced per Answer: B
second? Note at 4.80 Mpa dry A twin cylinder ammonia compressor with
volume displacement of 14,726 cm3 operates at
saturated
300 rpm. Condenser and evaporator pressure
a. 1.30 are 1200 kPa and 227 kPa respectively. Specific
b. 0.92 volume of refrigerant at the entrance of
c. 1.81 compressor is 528.26 L/kg. Compression
d. 3.43 process is polytropic with n = 1.2 and clearance
a diesel electric plant energy for meralco. factor of compressor is 2 percent. Determine
During a 24 hr period, the plant consumed 240 horsepower required.
I. 60 hp
gal of fuels at 28 c and produced 3930 kw hr.
J. 70 hp
industrial fuel used as 28 API and was K. 80 hp
purchased at P 30 per liter at 15.6 C. what is the L. 90 hp
cost of fuel be to produced one KW-hr Answer: C
a. P6.87 Three thousand cubic feet per minute of air are
b. P1.10 circulated over an air-cooled condenser. If the
c. P41.07 load on the condenser is 64,800 Btu/hr,
compute the temperature rise of the air passing
d. 5.00
over the condenser. Specific volume of standard
in a gas turbine unit, air enters the combustion air (13.34 ft3/lb).
chamber at 550 kpa 277 c and 43 m/s. the I. 10 0F
products of combustion leave the combustor at J. 15 0F
511 kpa, 1004 c and 180 m/s. liquid fuel enters K. 20 0F
with a heating value of 43000 kj/kg. for fuel-air L. 25 0F
Answer: C
ratio of 0.0229, what is the combustor
A reversed Carnot cycle has a refrigerating COP
efficiency of the unit in percent?
of 2.5. Determine the ratio TH/TL?
A. 70.38% I. 1.4
b. 79.38% J. 1.5
c. 75.38% K. 1.25
d. 82.38 % L. 1.2
the specific speed of turbine is 85 rpm Answer: A
and running at 450 rpm. If the load head is 20 m
Saturated vapor ammonia at -16 0C (h7 =
and generator efficiency is 90 %, what is the 1442.60 kJ/kg) leaves the evaporator and enters
maximum power delivered by the generator the compressor at -6 0C (h1 = 1465 kJ/kg). The
a. 450.51 KW refrigerant leaves the condenser as saturated
b. 354.52 KW liquid at 40 0C (h4 = 390.6 kJ/kg). Heat rejected
c. 650.53 KW from the condenser amount to 50 kW. The work
d. 835.57 KW to compressor is 208 kJ/kg, while the heat loss
from compressor is 33 kJ/kg. If 9.5 kJ/kg of heat
are lost in the piping between the compressor
The refrigerant volume flow rate at entrance at discharge and condenser inlet, determine the
the entrance of compressor were obtained refrigerating capacity of the system.
from a test on a twin cylinder, single acting 15 I. 49.5 TR
cm x 20 cm, 320 rpm compressor ammonia J. 46.61 TR
refrigerating plant to be 33 L/s. Determine the K. 12.88 TR
volumetric efficiency of the compressor. L. 13.24 TR
I. 77.65 % Answer: A
J. 87.6 % A 35.0 mL sample of gas is enclosed in a flask at
K. 97.6 TR 22 degrees Celsius. If the flask was placed in an
ice bath at 0 degrees Celsius, what would the Fifty kilograms of cooling water per second
new gas volume be if the pressure is held enter the condenser at 25 0C and leaves at 50
0
constant? C. Find the heat carried away by water.
I. 34.1 ml I. 1234.45 kW
J. 31.1 ml J. 5233.75kW
K. 32.39 ml K. 2340.52 kW
L. 33.1 ml L. 3140.25 kW
Answer: C Answer: B
A car engine with a power output of 65 hp has a Ten kilograms per second of steam enter the
thermal efficiency of 24%. Determine the fuel turbine with an enthalpy of 3200 kJ/kg and
consumption rate of this car if the fuel has enter the condenser with an enthalpy of 2500
heating value of 19,000 Btu/lbm. kJ/kg in Rankine cycle. If the turbine efficiency is
I. 36.28 lb/hr 80% and the generator efficiency is 90%,
J. 37.28 lb/hr determine the power plant output.
K. 37.28 lb/hr I. 4320 kW
L. 35.30 lb/hr J. 3213 kW
Answer: A K. 4056 kW
The thermal efficiency of a carnot cycle L. 5040 kW
operating between 170 0C and 620 0C to: Answer: D
I. 44% Determine the quality of steam in a vessel
J. 50% containing 2 kg of saturated vapor and 8 kg of
K. 63% saturated liquid.
L. 73% I. 100%
Answer: B J. 20%
K. 80%
Compute the humidity ratio of air at 70% L. 60%
relative humidity and 25 0C when the Answer: B
barometric pressure is 101.325 kPa. From The condenser of reheat power plant rejects
steam tables: Psat 34 0C = 3.169 kPa. heat at the rate of 500 kW. The mass flow rate
I. 0.014 kg water vapor/kg dry air of cooling water is 5 kg/s and the inlet cooling
J. 0.14 kg water vapor/kg dry air water temperature is 35 0C. Calculate the
K. 1.4 kg water vapor/kg dry air condenser cooling water exit temperature.
L. 0.0014 kg water vapor/kg dry air I. 43.35 0C
Answer: A J. 53.45 0C
A pressure gage registers 50 psig in a region K. 63.66 0C
where the barometer reads 14.8 psia. Find the L. 74.34 0C
absolute pressure in kPa. Answer: C
I. 666.66 kPa One kilogram of air is compressed adiabatically
J. 556.66 kPa and in a steady-flow manner. The compression
K. 446.66 kPa efficiency is 80% and the work done on the air is
L. 336.66 kPa 265kJ/kg. Compute the heat.
Answer: C I. 212 kJ/kg
Consider 1 kg of air at 32 0C that expanded by a J. 100 kJ/kg
reversible polytropic process with n = 1.25 until K. 0 kJ/kg
the pressure is halved: Determine the heat L. 331.25 kJ/kg
transfer. Specific heat at constant volume for air Answer: C
is 0.1786 kJ/kg.K. Three-hundred kilojoules of heat flow by
I. 17.02 kJ heat rejected conduction from the outside to the inside of a
J. 17.02 kJ added cold storage in one hour. If the temperature
K. 7.05 kJ heat rejected and all other conditions are the same, what is
L. 7.05 kJ added the heat flowing through the cold storage room
Answer: B in two hours?
I. 600 kJ
 J. 900kJ I. 0.314
K. 300kJ J. 0.414
L. 1,200 kJ K. 0.514
Answer: A L. 0.614
Answer: B
Determine the specific weight of air at 760 A 29.53” X 39.37” pressure vessel contains
mmHg absolute and 22 0C? ammonia with f=0.041. Compute the minimum
I. 3.517 kW required discharge capacity of the relief device
J. 12,000 kW in kg/hr.
K. 211 kJ/min I. 106.71 kg/hr
L. All of the above J. 108.71 kg/hr
Answer: D K. 110.71 kg/hr
Find the work process for a Helium gas at 20 0C L. 112.71 kg/hr
I. 609 kJ/kg Answer: C
J. 168 kJ/kg Compute the maximum length of the discharge
K. 229 kJ/kg pipe installed on the outlet of a pressure-relief
L. 339 kJ/kg device in feet for internal pipe diameter of 0.5
Answer: A in and rated discharge capacityis 8 lb/min of air.
Two kilogram of gas is confined in a 1m3 tank at The rated pressure of relief valve is 16 psig.
200 kPa and 88 0C. What type of gas is in the I. 0.286 ft
tank? J. 0.386 ft
I. Helium K. 0.486 ft
J. Ethane L. 0.586 ft
K. Methane Answer: A
L. Ethane A thermal power plant has a heat rate of 11,
Answer: B 363 Btu/kW-hr, Find the thermal efficiency of
Find the enthalpy of Helium if its internal the plant.
energy is 200kJ/kg I. 28%
I. 144 kJ/kg J. 30%
J. 223.42 kJ/kg K. 34%
K. 333.42 kJ/kg L. 40%
L. 168 kJ/kg Answer: B
Answer: C What is the hydraulic gradient of a 1 mile, 17
Compute the mass of a 2 m3 propane at 280 kpa inches inside diameter pipe when 3300 gal/min
and 40 0C. of water flow with f = 0.03
I. 6.47 kg I. 0.00714
J. 5.1 kg J. 0.00614
K. 10.20 kg K. 0.00234
L. 9.47 kg L. 0.00187
Answer: D Answer: A
Compute the air flow in ft3/min of mechanical Find the loss of head in the pipe entrance if
ventilation required to exhaust an accumulation speed of flow is 10 m/s.
of refrigerant due to leaks of the system I. 5.10
capable of revolving air from the machinery J. 10.2
room for a mass of 4lbs refrigerant. K. 17.4
I. 200 L. 2.55
J. 210 Answer: D
K. 220 Wet material, containing 220% moisture ( dry
L. 230 basis ) s to be dried at the rate of 1.5 kg/s in a
Answer: A continuous dryer to give a product containing
Compute the free aperture cross section in m2 10% (dry basis). Find the moisture removed in
for the ventilation of a machinery room if the kg/hr
mass of refrigerant IS 9 KG. I. 3543.75 kg/hr
 J. 3513.75 kg/hr kpa. Use the approximate enthalpy formula of
K. 3563.75 kg/hr liquid.
L. 3593.75 kg/hr I. 293.09 kJ/kg
Answer: A J. 1,772.90 kJ/kg
Copra enters a dryer containing 70% moisture K. 1,547.90 kJ/kg
and leaves at 7% moisture. Find the moisture L. 1,647.29 kJ/kg
removed on each pound of solid in final Answer: D
product. Find the enthalpy of water at 212F and 14.7 psi
I. 6.258 lb if the dryness factor is 30%. Use the
J. 1.258 lb approximate enthalpy formula of liquid
K. 4.258 lb I. 461 Btu/lb
L. 2.258 lb J. 471 Btu/lb
Answer: D K. 481 Btu/lb
A 1 m x 1.5 m cylindrical tank is full of oil with L. 491 Btu/lb
S.G = 0.92. Find the force acting at the bottom Answer: B
of the tank in dynes. An air compressor consumed 1200 kW-hr per
I. 106.33 x 10^3 dynes day of energy. The electric motor driving the
J. 106.33 x 10^4 dynes compressor has an efficiency of 80%. If
K. 106.33 x 10^5 dynes indicated power of the compressor is 34 kW,
L. 106.33 x 10^6 dynes Find the mechanical efficiency of the
Answer: D compressor.
Find the pressure at the 100 fathom depth of I. 117.65%
water in kpag. J. 75%
I. 1,793.96 kpag K. 85%
J. 1,893.96 kpag L. 90%
K. 1,993.96 kpag Answer: C
L. 1,693.96 kpag A refrigeration system consumed 28,300 kW-hr
Answer: A per month of energy. There are 20% of energy
Find the depth in furlong of the ocean (S.G = is lodt due to cooling system of the compressor
1.03) if the pressure at the sea bed is 2,032.56 and motor efficiency is 90%. If COP pf the
kpag. system is 6, Find the tons of refrigeration of the
I. 1 system.
J. 2 I. 43.15%
K. 3 J. 46.15%
L. 4 K. 49.15%
Answer: A L. 41.15%
Find the mass of 10 quartz of water. Answer: C
I. 10.46 kg A 23 tons of refrigeration system has a heat
J. 9.46 kg rejected of 1ookW. Find the energy efficiency
K. 11.46 kg ratio of the system.
L. 8.46 kg I. 13.42
Answer: B J. 14.42
Find the mass of carbon dioxide having a K. 15.42
pressure of 20 psia at 200F with 10 ft3 volume. L. 16.42
I. 1.04 lbs Answer: B
J. 1.14 lbs A 200 mm X 250 mm, 8 cylinder, 4-stroke diesel
K. 1.24 lbs engine has a brake power of 150kW. The
L. 1.34 lbs mechanical efficiency is 80%. If two of the
Answer: C cylinders were accidentally cut off, what will be
Find the heat needed to raise the temperature the new friction power?
of water from 30C to 100 C with 60% quality. I. 31.50 kW
Consider an atmospheric pressure of 101.325 J. 33.50kW
K. 35.5o kW
 L. 37.50 kW L. 3965.50⁰C
Answer: D Answer: B
If the efficiency ratio of the refrigeration system A three stages air compressor compresses air
is 12.6, what is the COP of the system? from 100kPa to 1000 kPa. Find the intercooler
I. 3.69 pressure between the first and second stage.
J. 4.23 I. 505.44 kPa
K. 5.92 J. 108.44 kPa
L. 6.83 K. 316.23 kPa
Answer: A L. 215.44 kPa
An air compressor has a power of 40 kW at 4% Answer: D
clearance. If clearance will increase to 7%, what A 10-stages air compressor compresses air
is the new power? from 100 kPa to 800 kPa. Find the intercooler
I. 70 kW pressure between the first and second stage.
J. 40 kW I. 282.82 kPa
K. 53 kW J. 113.21 kPa
L. 60 kW K. 123.11 kPa
Answer: B L. 333.51 kPa
What is the approximate value of temperature Answer: C
of water having enthalpy of 208 Btu/lb? A 3-stages air compressor compresses air from
I. 138.67⁰C 1oo kPa to 700 kPa. Find the intercooler
J. 115.55⁰C pressure between the 2nd and 3rd stage
K. 258.67⁰C I. 365.88 kW
L. 68.67⁰C J. 375.88 kW
Answer: B K. 385.88 kW
Convert 750⁰R to ⁰K L. 395.88 kW
I. 390.33⁰K Answer: A
J. 395.33⁰K Carnot cycle A, B and C are connected in series
K. 410.33⁰K so that the heat rejected from A will be the heat
L. 416.33⁰K added to B and heat rejected from B will be
Answer: D added to C. Each cycle oprates between 30⁰C
An otto cycle has a compression ratio of 8. Find and 400⁰C. If heat added to A is 1000kW, find
the pressure ratio during compression. the work output of C.
I. 18.38 I. 111.44 kW
J. 16.38 J. 549.78 kW
K. 14.38 K. 247.53 kW
L. 12.38 L. 141.89 kW
Answer: A Answer: A
A diesel cycle has a cut off ratio of 2.5 and 31. A ton of refrigeration system has a heat
expansion ratio of 4. Find the clearance of the rejected of 100 kw. Find the energy efficiency
cycle. ratio of the system.
I. 9.11 % a. 13.42
J. 5.55% b. 14.42
K. 11.11% c. 15.42
L. 15.25% d. 16.42
Answer: C ans b
A dual cycle has an initial temperature of 30C. 32. 200mm x 250 mm, 8 cylinder, 4 stroke diesel
The compression ratio is 6 and heat addition at engine has a brake power of 150 kc. The
constant volume process is 600 Kj/kg. If cut-off mechanical efficiency is 80 %. If two of the
ratio is 2.5, Find the maximum temperature of cylinders were accidentally cut off, what will be
the cycle. the new friction power?
I. 3638.5⁰C a. 31.50 kw
J. 3365.50⁰C b. 33.50
K. 3565.50⁰C c. 35.50 kw
d. 37.50 a. 3638.5
ans D b.3365.50c
If the energy efficiency ratio of the refrigeration c.3565.50c
system is 12.6, what is the COP of the system? d. 3965 c
A, 3.69 ans B
b. 4.23 A three stage air compressor compresses air
c. 5.92 from 100 kpa to 1000 kpa. Find the intercooler
d. 6.83 pressure between the first stage and second
ans A stage.
a. 505.44 kpa
b.108.44 kpa
c. 316.23 kpa
An air compressor has a power of 40 kw at 4 % d.215.44 kpa
clearance. If clearance will increase to 7 %, what ans D
is the new power? A 10 stage air compressor air from 100 to 800
a. 70 kw kpa. Find the intercooler pressure between 1st
b. 40 kw and 2nd stage.
c. 53 kw a. 282.84
d. 60 kw b.113.21
ans B c.123.11
What is the approximate value of temperature d.333.51
of water having enthalpy of 208 BTU/lb ans C
a. 138.67c A 3-stage air compressor compresses air from
b. 115.55c 100 to 700 kpa. Find the intercooler pressure
c. 258.67c between the 2nd and 3rd stage
d. 68.87c a. 365.88 kpa
ans b b. 375.88 kpa
Convert 750 R to K c.385.55 kpa
a. 390.33k d.395.88 kpa
b. 395.33k ans A
c. 410.33k Carnot cycle a, b, c are connected in series so
d. 413.33 k that the heat rejected from a will be the heat
ans d added to b an heat rejected from b to c. Each
An otto cycle has a compression ratio of 8. Find cycle between 30 and 400 c. if heat added to a
the pressure ratio during compression is 1000 kw find the work output.
a. 18.38 a. 111.44 kw
b. 16.38 b. 549.78 kw
c. 14.38 c. 247.53 kw
d. 12.38 d. 141.89 kw
ans A ans A
A diesel cycle has a cut-off ratio of 2.5 and Air compressed adiabatically from 30 to 100 c. if
expansion of 4. Find the clearance of the cycle mass of air being compressed is 5 kg . find the
a. 9.11% change of entropy
b.5.55% a. 1039 kj/kg
c. 11.11% b. 0.746 kj/kg
d. 15.15% c. 0 kj/kg
Ans C d. 1245kj/kg
ans C
A dual cycle has an intial temperature of 30 c. Two kilogram of air in a rigid tank changes its
the compression ratio is 6 and the heat addition temperature from 32 to 150 c. find the work
at constant volume process is 600 kj/kg. if cut- done during the process.
off ratio is 2.5. find the maximum temperature a. 236
of the cycle b.170
c. 195 c. 180.0
d. 0 d. 314.2
ans D ans D
Determine the atmospheric pressure at a A perfect gas has a value of R = 58.8 ft-lb/lb-R
location where barometric reading is 740 mmhg and k = 1.26. if 20 BTU are added to 10 lbs of
and gravitational acceleration is g=9.7 m/s2. this gas at constant volume when initial
Assume the temperature of mercury to be 10 c, temperature is 90 F, find the final temperature.
at which the density is 13570 kg/m3. a. 97 F
a. 99.45 kpa b. 104 F
b. 97.41 kpa c. 154 F
c.95.44 kpa d. 185 F
d.98.66 kpa ans A
ans B Ammonia weighing 22 kgs is confirmed inside a
The barometer of a mountain hiker reads 930 cylinder equipped with a piston has an initial
mbars at the beginning of a hiking trip and 780 pressure of 413 kpa at 38 c. if 3200 KJ of heat is
mbars at the end. Neglecting the effect of added to the ammonia until its final pressure
altitude on local gravitational acceleration, and temperature are 413 kpa and 100 c,
determine the vertical distance climbed. respectively. What is the amount of work by the
Assume g=9.7 m/s2 fluid in KJ?
a. 1274.21 m a. 567
b. 1289.00 m b. 304
c. 1267.34 m c. 420
d. 1583.34 m d.502
ans B ans A
The lower half of a 10 m high cylindrical a tank contains 90 ft3 of air at a pressure of 350
container is filled with water and the upper half psig; if air is cooled until its pressure and
with oil that has SG=0.85. Determine the temperature decreases to 200 psig and 70 F
pressure difference between the top and respectively, what is the decrease in internal
bottom of the cylinder. energy?
a. 90.74 kpa a. 6232 Btu
b. 92.74 kpa b. -5552
c. 83.38 kpa c 5552
d. 98.10 kpa d. -6232.09 BTU
ans A ans D
An ideal gas at 0.80 atmospheric and 87 c a large mining company was provided with a 3
occupies 0.450 liters. How many moles are in m3 of compresed air tank. Air pressure in the
the sample? tank drops from 700 kpa to 150 kpa while the
(R=0.0821 lit-atm/mole-k) temperature remains constant at 28 c. what
a. 0.0002 mol percentage has the mass of air in the tank been
b. 0.0378 mol reduced?
c.0.0122 mol a. 74.00
d. 0.0091 mol b. 72.45
ans C c. 76.56
A certain gas at 101.325 kpa and 10 c whose d. 78.57
volume is 2.83 m3 are compressed into a ans D
storage vessel of 0.31 kpa capacity. Before A 4 m3/ hr pump delivers water to a pressure
admission, the storage vessel contained the gas tank. At a start, the gage reads 138 kpa until it
and temperature of 037.8 kpa and 26 c after reads 276 kpa and then the pump was shut off.
admission the pressure has increased to 1171.8 The volume of the tank is 180 lit. at 276 kpa the
kpa. What should be the final temperature of water occupied 2/3 of the tank volume.
the gas in the vessel in Kelvin? Determine the volume of water that can be
a. 298.0 taken out until the gage reads 138 kpa.
b. 319.8 a. 31.20 lit
b. 34.59 lit d. 765.34 kj/ kg
c. 16.87 lit ans A
d. 29.50 lit
ans B
A refrigeration plant is rated at 15 tons capacity. a tank contains exactly one kilogram of water
How many pounds of air per hour will it cool consisting of liquid and vapor in equilibrium at 1
from 70 to 90 F at constant pressure. Mpa. If the liquid contains one-third and the
a. 50000 lb/hr remaining is vapor of the volume of the tank,
b. 37500 lb/hr what is the enthalpy of the contents of the
c. 52000 lb/hr tank?
d. 45000 lb / hr a. 644.40 kj/kg
ans B b. 774.40 kj/kg
An air standard engine has a compression ratio c. 785.92 kj/kg
of 18 and a cut-off ratio of 4. If the intake air d. 435.29 kj /kg
pressure and temperature are 100 kpa and 27 ans C
kpa, find the work in KJ per kg. Water substance at 70 bars and 65 c enters a
a. 2976 boiler tube of constant inside diameter of 25
b. 2166 mm. the water leaves the boiler tube at 50 bars
c. 1582 and 700 k at velocity 150 m/s. calculate the
d. 2751 inlet velocity (m/s)
ans D a. 1.56
Determine the air standard efficiency of an b. 2.51
engine operating on the diesel cycle with c.1.672
clearance of 6 % when the suction pressure is d. 3.230
99.97 kpa and the fuel is injected for 7 % of the ans B
stroke. Assume k=1.4 Water substance at 70 bar and 65 c enters a
a. 62.11 % boiler tube of constant inside diameter of 35
b. 51.20 % mm . The water leaves the boiler tube at 50 bar
c. 73.58 % and 700 k at velocity of 100 m/s. calculate the
d. 60.02 % inlet volume flow ( li/s)
ans A a. 0.821
Steam at 2 mpa and 250 c in a rigid cylinder is b. 1.261
cooled until the quality is 30 %. Find the heat c. 0.344
rejected from the cylinder d.1.609
a. -432.23 kj /kg ans D
b. -926.26 Steam leaves an industrial boiler at 827.4kpa
c. -1285.02 kj/kg and 171.6 c. a portion of the steam is passed
d. 1082.34 kj/ kg through a throttling calorimeter and is
ans C exhausted to the atmosphere when the
At 1.3 mpa and 250 c in a rigid cylinder is cooled calorimeter pressure is 101.4 kpa.
until the quality is 40 % . find the heat rejected How much moisture does the steam leaving the
from the cylinder boiler contain if the temperature of the steam
a. 1627.71 kj/kg at the calorimeter is 115.6 c?
b. 1533.33 kj/kg a. 3.78 %
c. 1234.45 kj / kg b. 3.08 %
d. 1162.40 kj / kg c. 4.56 %
ans D d. 2.34 %
Mixture with 70 % quality at 500 kpa is heated ans B
until its pressure is 300 kpa. Find the heat
added during the process
a. 745.92 kj/kg A throttling calorimeter is connected to the
b. 535.16 kj/kg desuperheated steam line supplying steam to
c. 983.44 kj/kg the auxillary feed pump on a ship. The line
pressure measures 2.5 Mpa. The calorimeter determine the overall thermal efficiency of the
pressure is 110 kpa and 150c. Determine the plant
entropy of the steam line. a. 26.08 %
a. 6.8 kj/kg k b. 34.23 %
b. 6.2 kj /kg-k c. 28.00 %
c. 6.6 kj/kg k d. 18.46 %
d. 7.5 kj /kg k ans C
ans B The dry exhaust gas from oil engine has the
Atmospheric pressure boils at 212 F. at the following gravimetric analysis
vacuum pressure at 24 in hg, the temperature is CO2=21.6 %
142 F. find the boiling temperature when the O2=4.2%
pressure is increased by 40 psia from N2=74.2%
atmospheric Specific heats at constant pressure for each
a. 449.42F componenet of the exhaust gas in Kcal/ kg c are
b. 526.34 F CO2 =0.203
c. 479.13 F O2=0.219
d. 263.45 F N2=0.248
ans A Calculate the specific gravity if the molecular
Determine the amount of oxygen if the heating weight of air is 28.97 kg/kg mol
value of fuel is 26961.45 kj /kg a. 0.981
a. 1.5 % b. 1.244
b. 2.5 % c. 1.055
c. 3.5 % d. 0.542
d. 4.5 % ans C
ans D A bituminous coal has the following
A diesel engine consumed 945 lit of fuel per day composition
at 35 c . if the fuel was purchased at 15.5 c and C=71.5%
30 API H=5.0%
At P29.00 / li determine the cost of fuel operate O=7.0 %
the engine per day N=1.3%
a. P 5677.50 S=3 % ash 7.6% W=3.4%
b. P4677.50 Determine the theoretical weight of nitrogen in
c. 48088.90 lb/lb of coal
d. 27127.76 a. 2.870
ans D b. 7.526
c.2.274
d. 6.233
ans B
A cylindrical tank 4m and 3m diameter is used A gaseous fuel mixture has a molal analysis
for oil storage. How many days can the tank H2=14 % CH4=3% CO=27%
supply the engine having 27 API with fuel O2=0.6 % CO=24.5 % N2=50.9 %
consumption of 60 kg/hr Determine the air fuel ratio for complete
a. 17.53 combustion on molal basis
b. 5.84 a. 2.130
c 12.84 b. 3.230
d. 19.84 c. 1.233
ans A d. 1.130
A logging firm in Isabella operates a diesel ans C
electric palnt to supply its electric energy A volumetric analysis of a gas mixture as follows
requirements. During a 24 hour period, the CO2 :12%
plant consumed 250 gallons of fuel at 80 F and O2: 4%
produced 2900 kw-hrs. industrial fuel used is 30 N2: 80%
API and was purchased at 30.00/ li at 60 F. CO: 4%
What is the percentage of CO2 on a mass basis d. 422.31
a. 17.55 % ans secret
b. 15.55% A stocker fired boiler of 195 000 kg/hr steaming
c. 12.73% capacity uses this coal as fuel. Calculate volume
d. 19.73% of air in m3/hr with air at 60 F and 14.7 psia
ans A and 14.7 psia pressure if boiler efficiency is 70%
and FE = 1.10
a. 234 019 m3/hr
A impulse wheel at best produces 125 hp under b. 215 830 m3 /hr
a head of 210 ft. by what percent should be c. 213 830 m3 /hr
increased for 290 ft head? d. 264 830 m3 /hr
a. 82.5 % ans a
b. 17.5 % 23.5 kg of steam per second at 5 Mpa and 400 c
c. 72.41% is produced by a steam generator. The
ans A feedwater enters the economizer at 145 c and
What is the power ratio of a pump and its 1/5 leaves 205 c. the steam leaves the boiler drum
scale model if the ratio of heads is 4 to 1? with a quality of 98 %. The unit consumes 3 kg
a. 20 of coal per second as received having a heating
b.200 value of 25 102 kj/kg. what would be the overall
c. 12.5 efficiency of the unit in percent?
d.125 a. 65.72
ans B b. 80.67
The speed of a centrifugal pump is doubled. By c. 88.28
what factor does the pump head change? d. 78.82
a. 0.125 ans B
b. 0.25 In a rankine cycle enters the turbine at 2.5 Mpa
c. 4 (enthalpies & entropies given) and condenser of
d. 8 50 kpa (properties given) , what is the thermal
ans C efficiency of the cycle?
Compute the specific volume of an air vapor a. 25.55 %
mixture in cubic meters per kg of dry air when b. 45.23 %
the following conditions prevail: t=40 c; w= c. 34.23 %
0.015 kg/kg; p=100 kpa d. 12.34 %
a. 0.99 m3/kg ans A
b. 0.89 m3/kg
c. 0.79 m3/kg A thermal power plant generates 5 MW and the
d. 0.69 m3/kg heat generated by fuel is 13000 kj / s. if thermal
ans A efficiency is 36.15 %, find the power needed for
A coil has an inlet temperature of 70 F and the auxillaries
outlet of 80 F. if the mean temperature of the a. 310 kw
coil is 130 F, find the bypass factor of the coil b. 300 kw
a. 0.28 c 400kw
b. 1.20 d.350 kw
c. 0.82 ans B
d. 0.83 A superheater steam rankine cycle has turbine
ans C inlet conditions of 17.5 Mpa and 530 C expands
Compute the pressure drop of 35C air flowing in a turbine to 0.007 Mpa. The turbine and
with a mean velocity of 5 m/s in a circular sheet pump polytropic efficiencies are 0.85 and 0.75
metal duct 400 mm in diameter and 25 m long. respectively, pressure losses between pump
Use a factor , f = 0.04 and p air 1.3799 kg/m3 and turbine inlet are 1.5 Mpa. What should be
a. 431.22 pa the pump work in KJ/kg
b. 221.34 pa a. 17.34
c. 312.24 b. 27.32
c.25.32 consumption is 2000 kg /hr and mechanincal
d. 47.33 efficiency is 85 %. If indicated mean effective
ans C pressure is 600 kpa, determine the brake
In an open feedwater heater for a steam plant, thermal efficiency.
saturated steam at 7 bar is mixed with a. 23.34
subcooled liquid at 7 bar and 25 %. Just enough b. 15.25 %
steam is supplied to ensure that the mixed c. 14.16 %
steam leaving the heater will be saturated liquid d. 27.34 %
at 7 bars when heater efficiency is 95 %. ans B
Calculate the mass flow rate of subcooled liquid A steam turbine receives 5000 kg/hr of steam at
steam flow rate is 0.865 kg/s 5 Mpa and 400 c and velocity of 30 m/s. it
a. 2.725 kg/ s leaves the turbine at 0.006 Mpa and 85 %
b. 3.353 kg/s quality and velocity of 15 m/s. radiation loss is
c. 2.869 kg/s 10000 kj /hr. find the Kw developed
d. 3.948 kg /s a.1273.29
ans C b. 2173.29
A steam condenser receives 10 kg/s of steam c. 1373.6
with an enthalpy of 2770 kj / kg. steam d. 7231.29
condenses into a liquid and leaves with an ans C
enthalpy of 160 kj/kg. cooling water passes
through the condenser with remperature
increases from 13 deg to 24 deg c. calculate the A steam turbine with 85 % stage efficiency
water flow rate in kg/s. receives steam at 7 Mpa and 550 c and exhaust
a. 583 as 20 kpa determine the turbine work.
b. 567 a. 1117 kj /kg
c. 523 b. 1132 kj/kg
d. 528 c. 1123.34 kj/kg
ans B d. 1054.95 kj /kg
ans D
Steam expands adiabatically in a turbine from A steam turbine with 80 % stage efficiency
2000 kpa, 400 c to 400 kpa, 250 c. what is the receives at 7 Mpa and 550 c and exhausts as 20
effectiveness of the process in percent kpa. Determine the quality at exhaust
assuming pressure of 18C . Neglecting changes a. 96.96%
in kinetic and potential energy b. 76.34 %
a. 82 c. 82.34 %
b 84 d. 91.69 %
c 79.60 ans A
d 79.46 A 18000 kw geothermal plant has a generator
ans D efficiency and turbine efficiency of 90% and 80
A heat exchanger was installed purposely to % respectively, the quality after throttling is 20
cool 0.50 kg of gas per second. Molecular % and each well discharges 400 000kg/hr,
weight is 32 and k=32. The gas is cooled from determine the number of wells are required to
150 c to 80 c. water us available at the rate of produce if the change of enthalpy at entrance
0.30 kg/s and a temperature of 5 deg c. and exit of turbine is 500 kj/kg.
calculate the exit temperature of the water in C. a. 4 wells
a. 44.86 b. 2 wells
b.42.86 c. 6 walls
c. 46.45 d. 8 wells
d.40.34 ans B
ans a A liquid dominated geothermal plant with a
A 350 mm x 450 mm steam engine running at single flash separator receives water at 204 c.
280 rpm has an entrance stream condition of 2 the separator pressure is 1.04 Mpa. A direct
Mpa and 230 c and exit at 0.1 Mpa. The steam contact condenser operates at 0.034 Mpa. The
turbine has a polytropic efficiency of 0.75. for a A diesel electric plant energy for meralco.
cycle output of 60 MW, what is the mass flow During a 24 hr period, the plant consumed 240
rate of the well water in kg/s? gal of fuels at 28 c and produced 3930 kw hr.
a. 2933 industrial fuel used as 28 API and was
b.2100 purchased at P 30 per liter at 15.6 C. what is the
c. 1860 cost of fuel be to produced one KW-hr
d. 2444 a. P6.87
ans A b. P1.10

An engine generator rated 9000 kVA at 80 % c. P41.07

power factor, 3 phase, 4160 V has an efficiency
of 90 %. If overall plant efficiency is 28 %, what d. 5.00
is the heat generated by the fuel ans A
a. 18800 KW In a gas turbine unit, air enters the combustion
b. 28800 KW chamber at 550 kpa 277 c and 43 m/s. the
c. 7500 KW products of combustion leave the combustor at
d. 25714KW 511 kpa, 1004 c and 180 m/s. liquid fuel enters
ans D with a heating value of 43000 kj/kg. for fuel-air
The indicated thermal efficiency of a two stroke ratio of 0.0229, what is the combustor
diesel engine is 60 %. If friction is 15 % of heat efficiency of the unit in percent?
generated, determine the brake thermal A. 70.38%
efficiency. b. 79.38%
a. 43 % c. 75.38%
b. 45% d. 82.38 %
c. 36% ans C
d. 37% The specific speed of turbine is 85 rpm and
ans B running at 450 rpm. If the load head is 20 m and
A 305 mm x 457 mm four stroke single acting generator efficiency is 90 %, what is the
diesel engine is rated at 150 kw at 260 rpm. maximum power delivered by the generator
Fuel consumption at rated load is 0.56 kg/kw – a. 450.51 KW
hr with a heating value of 43912 kj/kg. Calculate b. 354.52 KW
the brake thermal efficiency c. 650.53 KW
a.10.53 % d. 835.57 KW
‘b. 27.45 % ans D
c. 14.64%
d. 18.23%
ans C
A waste heat recovery boiler produces 4.8 Mpa
(dry saturated) steam from 104 C feedwater.
The boiler receives energy from 7 kg/s of 954 c
dry air. After passing through a waste heat
boiler, the temperature of the air has been
reduced to 343 C. how much steam in kg
produced in kg is produced per second? Note at
4.80 Mpa dry saturated
a. 1.30
b. 0.92
c. 1.81
d. 3.43
ans C