Math Library - Assignment Questions

Question 1

How do user-defined methods differ from library methods?

Answer

A user-defined method is a method defined by the user whereas library methods or built-in
methods are the methods created by the developers of Java which are available in the form of
packages.

Question 2

Distinguish between Math.ceil() and Math.floor() methods.

Answer

Math.ceil( ) Math.floor( )

Returns the smallest double value that is greater Returns the largest double value that is less
than or equal to the argument and is equal to a than or equal to the argument and is equal to a
mathematical integer mathematical integer.

double a = Math.ceil(65.5); double b = Math.floor(65.5);

In this example, a will be assigned the value of In this example, b will be assigned the value of
66.0 as it is the smallest integer greater than 65.0 as it is the largest integer smaller than
65.5. 65.5.

Question 3

What is wrong with the following statements? Explain.

i. result = (5/10) * Math.sqrt( a );

Answer

(5/10) will lead to integer division as both numerator and denominator are integers. So result of
(5/10) will be 0 instead of 0.5 and the entire expression will always result in 0.

ii. result = math.sqrt(b * b - 4 * a * c) / ( 2 * a );

Answer
math should be written as Math. As Java is case-sensitive so it treats math and Math
differently.

Question 4

Explain the following Math functions in Java:

i. Math.abs()

Answer

Returns the absolute value of its argument. Its return type is same as the type of its arguments.
For example, Math.abs(-5) will return 5.

ii. Math.sqrt()

Answer

Returns the square root of its argument as a double value. For example, Math.sqrt(25) will
return 5.0.

iii. Math.cbrt()

Answer

Returns the cube root of its argument as a double value. For example, Math.cbrt(27) will return
3.0.

iv. Math.random()

Answer

Returns a positive double value, greater than or equal to 0.0 and less than 1.0.

v. Math.round()

Answer

Rounds off its argument to the nearest mathematical integer and returns its value as an int or
long type. If argument is float, return type is int, if argument is double, return type is long. At
mid-point, it returns the higher integer. For example, Math.round(2.5) will return 3.

vi. Math.ceil()

Answer

Returns the smallest double value that is greater than or equal to the argument and is equal to a
mathematical integer. For example, Math.ceil(65.5) will return 66.0.
Question 5

Write Java expressions for the following:

i. The square root of a + 5b 3

Answer

Math.sqrt(a + 5 * Math.pow(b, 3))

ii. The cube root of x 3 + y3 + z3

Answer

Math.cbrt(x*x*x + y*y*y + z*z*z);

iii. The square root of b 2 + 4ac

Answer

Math.sqrt(b * b + 4 * a * c)

Question 6

Write the following as Java expressions:

i. x2+5y333x2+5y3

Answer

Math.cbrt(x * x + 5 * y * y * y)

ii. ∣x+y∣∣x+y∣

Answer

Math.abs(x + y)

iii. ∣x3+y2−2xy∣∣x3+y2−2xy∣

Answer

Math.abs(Math.pow(x, 3) + Math.pow(y, 2) - 2*x*y)

iv. π6(z4−2π)6π(z4−2π)

Answer

Math.PI / 6*(Math.pow(z, 4) - 2*Math.PI)

v. z2−π33z2−π

Answer

Math.cbrt(z*z - Math.PI)

vi. x3−y344x3−y3

Answer

Math.pow(x*x*x - y*y*y, 1/4)

vii. amount∗rate1−1(1+rate)n1−(1+rate)n1amount∗rate

Answer

(amount*rate) / (1 - (1 / Math.pow(1+rate, n)))

viii. (−b+b2−4ac)2a2a(−b+b2−4ac)

Answer

(-b + Math.sqrt(b*b - 4*a*c)) / (2*a)

ix. 1LC−R24C244LC1−4C2R2

Answer

Math.pow((1 / L*C) - ((R*R)/(4*C*C)), 1/4)

Question 7

Write valid statements for the following in Java:

i. Print the rounded off value of 14.49

Answer

System.out.println(Math.round(14.49));
ii. Print the absolute value of -0.09

Answer

System.out.println(Math.abs(-0.09));
iii. Print the largest of -67 and -50

Answer
System.out.println(Math.max(-67, -50));
iv. Print the smallest of -56 and -57.4

Answer

System.out.println(Math.min(-56, -57.4));
v. Print a random integer between 25 and 35

Answer

int range = 35 - 25 + 1;
int num = (int)(range * Math.random() + 25);
System.out.println(num);
vi. Print 47.5 raised to the power 6.3

Answer

System.out.println(Math.pow(47.5, 6.3));
vii. Print minimum of -4, -7

Answer

System.out.println(Math.min(-4, -7));

Question 8

Write a program in Java to find the maximum of three numbers using Math.max() method.

Answer

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatGreatestNumber

{
public static void main(String args[]) {

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter First Number: ");

int a = in.nextInt();
System.out.print("Enter Second Number: ");
int b = in.nextInt();
System.out.print("Enter Third Number: ");
int c = in.nextInt();
 int g = Math.max(a, b);
g = Math.max(g, c);

System.out.println("Greatest Number = " + g);

}
}

Output

Question 9

Write a program to print:

i. x to the power y

ii. the square root of y

The values of x and y are 81 and 3, respectively.

Answer

public class KboatNumber

{
public static void main(String args[]) {
int x = 81;
int y = 3;

double r1 = Math.pow(x, y);

System.out.println("x to the power of y = " + r1);

double r2 = Math.sqrt(y);
System.out.println("Square root of y = " + r2);
}
}

Output

Question 10

Write a program to compute and display the value of expression:

1x2+1y3+1z4x21+y31+z41

where, the values of x, y and z are entered by the user.

Answer

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatExpression

{
public static void main(String args[]) {

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter x: ");
int x = in.nextInt();
System.out.print("Enter y: ");
int y = in.nextInt();
System.out.print("Enter z: ");
int z = in.nextInt();

double result = 1 / Math.pow(x, 2) + 1 / Math.pow(y, 3) + 1 / Math.pow(z, 4);

System.out.println("Result = " + result);

}
}
Output

Question 11

Write a program to generate random integers in the following ranges:

i. 10 to 20 (both inclusive)
ii. 25 to 50 (both inclusive)

Answer

public class KboatRandom

{
public static void main(String args[]) {
int min = 10, max = 20;
int range = max - min + 1;
int num = (int)(range * Math.random() + min);
System.out.println("Random number in the range 10 to 20: " + num);

min = 25;
max = 50;
range = max - min + 1;
num = (int)(range * Math.random() + min);
System.out.println("Random number in the range 25 to 50: " + num);
}
}
Output

Question 12

Write a program that accepts a number x and then prints:

x0, x 1, x 2, x 3, x 4, x 5

Answer

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatXPower

{
public static void main(String args[]) {
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter x: ");
int x = in.nextInt();
System.out.print(Math.pow(x, 0) + ", ");
System.out.print(Math.pow(x, 1) + ", ");
System.out.print(Math.pow(x, 2) + ", ");
System.out.print(Math.pow(x, 3) + ", ");
System.out.print(Math.pow(x, 4) + ", ");
System.out.print(Math.pow(x, 5));
}
}

Output
Question 13

Write the equivalent Java statements for the following, by using the mathematical functions:

i. Print the positive value of -999.

Answer

System.out.println(Math.abs(-999));
ii. Store the value -3375 in a variable and print its cube root.

Answer

int a = -3375;
System.out.println(Math.cbrt(a));
iii. Store the value 999.99 in a variable and convert it into its closest integer that is greater than
or equal to 999.99.

Answer

double a = 999.99;
System.out.println(Math.round(a));

Question 14

Write a program in Java to compute the final velocity of a vehicle using the following formula:

v2=u2+2asv2=u2+2as

where, u = initial velocity, a = acceleration and s = distance covered; they are entered by the
user.

Answer

import java.util.Scanner;
public class KboatVelocity
{
public static void main(String args[]) {
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter initial velocity: ");
double u = in.nextDouble();
System.out.print("Enter acceleration: ");
double a = in.nextDouble();
System.out.print("Enter distance covered: ");
double s = in.nextDouble();
double v = Math.sqrt(u * u + 2 * a * s);
System.out.println("Final Velocity = " + v);
}
}

Output