ATEXTBOOK OF

ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE
(UNLOCKING THE SECRETS OF A)
Subject Code: 901 | Skill Education
(As per Latest NEP Guidelines)

PREETISAXENA

KATSON
BOOKS
 CHAPTER
1
DOMAINS
OF AI

OBJECTIVSs
Types of Domain
in Action

Scan QR Code

TOPICS TO BE COVERED

Introduction to Domain
Types of Domain
Introduction to Al Domains Using
Applications (Data, CV & NLP)

I| 1||
 ATextbook of Artificial Intelligence- -Class VI
1.1 INTRODUCTION TO DOMAIN

Artificial Intelligence (Al) is a revolutionary technology that has changed

the thinking process of the world. Al is the creation of machines that
can mimic human capabilities such as learning, reasoning, and problem
solving. From self-driving cars to personalized virtual assistants, Al is
leaving its impact by transforming the way we work, live, and interact
with technology.
Fig. 1.1
Al works in many areas but it is important to understand the type
of work an Al machine can do in a specific area. Based on application
area, we categorize AI in three domains: AlDomains
(a) Data Science
(b) Computer Vision
Computer Vision Natural Language
(c) NLP (Natural Language Processing) Data Science Processing

Fig. 1.2

1.2 TYPES OF DOMAIN

where intelligent machines and algorithms are

The domains in Al include various specialized areas
and applications. These domains include:
developed to meet the specific challenges
that combines mathematics, statistics, and computer
(a) Data Science: It is a multidisciplinary field to
to numbers, text, images, video, audio etc.,
science to apply machine learning algorithms data.
that perform tasks like a human doe. All the
produce artificial intelligence (A)) systems numeric
numeric, text, audio, video, image, or something else, is converted to
whether it is information.
analysis, visualization, and mnaintenance of
form for extraction, preparation,

DATASCIENCE
1

000
Domains of AI

(b) Computer Vision: Computer Vision (CV) is the scientific technology for building artificial
systems that obtain information from images, videos or any other visual data. This involves
methodsof acquiring. processing, analysing, and understanding digital images, and extraction
of data from the real and visual world to produce information.

tattic ught

PLAL

Fig. 1.4
branch of artificial
(c) Natural Language processing: Natural Language Processing (NLP), is a
intelligence that deals with the interaction between computers and humans using some
natural
language, such as English, Spanish, Hindi etc. In this domain, the
Al allows machines to
speech-based
understand, interpret, and generate the human language. It works with text and
data.

NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING (NLP)

FOR ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

10010100101010 100101001

ThinkPalm 100101001

Fig. 1.5
 ATextbook off Artificial Intelligence Class VII
1.3 INTRODUCTION TO AI DOMAINS USING APPLICATIONS (DATA, CV & NI D
All the three domains cover all the areas of Artificial Intelligence. These Treasure Link
domains cover specific fields. Nowadays, domains have become specific in Introduction to Al
Generative Al. Domain-specific generative Al is a special approach for creating Domains
in Action
data by training models on specific data sets related to particular domains.
For example, we can create an image using text through generative Al
like Adobe Firefly, Zapier, Canva, etc. tools
Scan QR Code
1.3.1 Applications of Data Science
(a) Price Comparison Websites: The websites
that are being driven by lots and lots of data Scooby-Doo Quest
are usually meant for comparison Q. Name any two Tools that are
purposes. related
They gather data and then analyse it. Customers to Generative AI.
look for such websites that provide the 1.

convenience of comparing the price of a product 2.

from multiple vendors at one place. Price
Grabber, Price Runner, Junglee, Shopzilla, Deal hytopadez'I :s•msuy
Time are some examples of price comparison
websites.
Treasure Link
(b) News Feed Personalization on Understand Data
Facebook: The news feed
personalization helps each user by analysing their interactions, likes, Science
in Action
dislikes, comment, etc. It also uses machine
learning to detect and
filter inappropriate content, ensuring that
maintained.
community standards are
Scan QR Code

Treasure Link
Fig. 1.6 Application of Data
(c) Google Maps: It analyses Science
and optimal driving traffic data to provide real-time traffic in Action

routes. updates
(d) Personalized
Search by Zillow: It is based on user
browsing history for property preferences and
search results. Scan QR Code
Domains of AI

(e) Route Optimization by Uber: It utilizes data science to determine the most efficient routes
for drivers, reducing travel time and fuel consumption.

FUN.AI ACTIVITY
Visit the site: https://www.codingame.com/ide/puzzle/on boarding
Treasure Link
Coding Games
in Action

Scan QR Code

CodnGame For developers

Coderba Login Start playing
Codersd CodinGame

Play coding games.

Have fun. Build skills.
Level up your coding with games,
puzzles, and challenges.

D Start Playing

Discover why 3 million developers love

CodinGame. 100% free.

Lang

Bash
C

CA
C++
Choose a Programming Language
of you can also Clojure
You can choose a language you already kriaw
learn a new language here. Ever tried 'Go? D
Dart
F#
Go
 A Textbook of Artificial Intelligence- Class
VIl
Ovboaeg

The Goat
Your proam mot destroy the enemy ships by shooting the dosest enemy on each turn.

On eaxh tart uf turn (wahin the game locp) you otain infarmation on the two dosest enenies
Uhe narre ard the dstance to eney 1.
the name and the datance to eneny 2.
TUTORAL
Bolore your hurn a over (ond of the loop) output the value of ither to shoot the
coset eey

This is your Mission Statement

Solo and multiplayer coding games are turn-based: at each
turn, your program gets new inputs and must output the
action.

GOT ITI

PREVIOUS STEP

Onbordng (-) Bot scoreo

Python 3

codi niaet is tne a t t d t siiy iiectol atiere

t t n pratect the paret, inplrret the Feat

VOULOSE!
Iee

4lst - int(Inpt 0) t

Ohe Goat p r i n t ( o f The r y )

Yor prooam mut detroy te nemy ships by shootirg Ue closest eney on eacth turn
Test cases Acions

tvinent danger LAY STCAH RAY ALL TESTCAES

Oneahstart of tun (ttan te a e loopl. you obtain infomaton on te twu cest enemies
-ad te hae and te htarceto eney 1.
em at Ue name and tfhe dstance to eneny2. SUBMIT
ietr yr tsn in ovet (ed of the loopl oput tte value of eitet to hoot the

1.3.2 Applications of NLP

(a) Speech recognition on mobile phones: Treasure Link
Treasure Link
NLP controls speech recognition systems by Natural Language Application
converting spoken language into text. This Processing of NLP
in Action
technology is used in voice-controlled devices, in Action
OO
voice assistants, and dictation software.
(b) Language translation on Google Translate: Scan QR Code
Scan QR Code
NLP facilitates language translations, enabling
machines to translate text from one language to
 another. Translation
from this application.services, language learning apps, and
c) Email filters global communication
on Gmail: Email are benefitted
online. They started filters are one of the most
that signal a spam out with spam filters where we can basic and initial applications of NLP
message. mention certain words or
phrases

Vs
Apple Google
Siri Assistant
Fig. 1.7
(d) Smnart/virtual assistants: Smart
assistants
like Apple's Siri and Amazon's Alexa recognize
patterns in speech, then gather meaning and
provide a useful response. NLP is the backbone Scooby-Doo Quest
Q. Namne any tuwo Virtual assistants that
of popular virtual assistants like Siri, Alexa, and you use in your daily life.
Google Assistant. These assistants understand 1.

spoken language, process users' queries, and 2.

provide relevant responses or perform tasks
based on the context.
(e) Chatbots: Chatbots are used with many
applications these days. NLP is essential for chatbots, as it enables them to engage in human
like conversations with users. These chatbots are employed for providing customer support,
helping users to find appropriate information, and providing personalized recommendations.
Domains of AI 11

1.3.3 Applications of Computer Vision

(a) Autonomous vehicles: CV systems scan live Treasure Link Treasure Link
Computer Vision Applications of
objects and analyse them, based on whether Computer Vision
in Action
in Action
the car decides to keep running or to stop.
Computer vision plays an important role in
enabling self-driving cars like Tesla to navigate,
Scan QR Code Scan QR Code
detect obstacles, and interpret traffic signs and
signals. ldentifying road lanes and maintaining
teature
the vehicle's position within them using computer vision algorithms is an important
of autonomous vehicles.
(b) Pedestrian detection: Detecting
pedestrians and other hurdles on Scooby-Doo Quest
the road enhances safety for users smnart phone?
Q. Does your father use face lock on his lock?
in autonomous driving systems. Is it safe to lock your phone using face
Ask your father and write the process
(c) Surveillance systems: Computer of setting face lock.
vision is extensively used in surveillance
for security and monitoring purposes.
(d) Video analytics: Computer vision
asooe u t pue uoto uYaesyoesn
helps in analysing real-time video otpeus u!sbunes uado
feeds to detect suspicious activities, uat pue
Ygss! pue
unauthorized access, or unusual
behaviour.
(e) Face Lock in Smartphones: Today,
smartphones come with the feature of
his/her face as an unlocking mechanism.
face lock in which the smartphone's owner can set up
its features in the beginning. The
The front camera detects and captures the face and saves
the phone is unlocked. This helps the
next time onwards, whenever the facial features match,
mobile.
user to disallow anybody else to open the
Domains of AI 13

LETS REHASH
1. Artificial Intelligence (AI) involves the creation of machines that can mimic human capabilities
such as learning, reasoning, and problem-solving.
2. Al has transformed how we work, live, and interact with technology. with applications ranging
from self-driving cars to personalized virtual assistants.
3. Al is divided into three main domains based on application areas: data science, computer vision,
and natural language processing (NLP).
to various
4. Data Science is a multidisciplinary field that applies machine learning algorithms
forms of data, such as numbers, text, images, videos, and audios, to create Al systems.
form for extraction, analysis, and
5. In data science, all forms of data are converted into numeric
visualization.
systems capable of obtaining and
6. Computer Vision (CV) is a scientific technology that builds
processing information from images and visual data.
analysing digital images to extract useful
7. Computer vision involves acquiring, processing, and
information from the real world.
Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a branch of Al focused on the interaction between
8.
form of text and/or speech.
computers and humans using a natural language in the
generate human language, facilitating
9. NLP enables machines to understand, interpret, and
translation, and chatbots.
applications such as speech recognition, language
intelligence, while domain-specific
10. The three domains of Al cover all the aspects of artificialspecific to particular domains.
data
generative Al focuses on training models using the
websites, news feed personalization on
11. Applications of Data Science include price comparison
property search results.
social media, Google Maps for real-time traffic updates, personalized
and Uber's route optimization.
allow users to compare at one location the
12. Price Comparison Websites use large datasets to
vendors.
prices of products from different
machine learning to modify
13. Facebook's News Feed Personalization utilizes user interactions and
content and filter inappropriate posts.
optimal driving routes in
14. Google Maps applies data science to analyse traffic data and provide
real time.
translation, email filters. virtual
15. Applications of NLP include speech recognition, language
conversations.
assistants, and chatbots, which help machines to engage in human-like
like smartphones
16. Speech Recognition converts spoken language into text and is used in devices
and virtual assistants.
 Artificial Intelligence-Class VI|
17. Applications of Computer Vision include autonomous vehicles, pedestrian detection
systems, video analytics, and face recognition for smartphone locks. Survellance
18. Autonomous Vehicles like those by Tesla rely on Computer Vision to detect
road signs, and ensure safe navigation. obstacles,
identihy
19. Face Lock technology in smartphones uses Computer Vision to scan and recognize a
for safe unlocking. user sface
20. Generative Al is aspecialized approach that creates new data by training models
on speciic
datasets, such as qenerating images from text using tools like Adobe Firefly or Canva

To Solve Multiple
Choice Questions
Online

Scan QR Code
EXERCISES and Check Your Score

A. Multiple Choice Questions with

Answers
1. What is Artificial Intelligence (Al)?
(a) The ability to create complex
programs
(b) Machines that mimic human capabilities
(c) The process of converting data into information
(d) A new programming language
2. Which of the following is a domain of Al?
(a) Mechanical engineering (b) Data science
(c) Automatic Machine
(d) Camera Recordings
3. Which AI domain deals with images and
video data?
(a) Natural language processing (NLP)
(b) Data science
(c) Computer vision
(d) Cloud computing
4. What does NLP stand for?
(a) Neural learning processing
(b) Natural language
(c) Natural language
processing programming
(d) Network language protocol
5. Which of these is an application
of data science?
(a) Face lock in
smartphones (b) Google Maps
(c) Speech recognition
(d) Chatbots
Domains of AI
15

6. Which of the following is an example of a Price Comparison

website?
(a) Siri
(b) Shopzilla
(c) Facebook
(d) Google Translate
7. Which is an application of Natural Language Processing?
(a) Autonomous vehicles (b) Pedestrian detection
(c) Language translation (d) Surveillance systems
8. Which application uses data to provide real-time traffic updates?
(a) Google Maps (b) Uber
(c) Gmail (d) Tesla
9. Which Al domain helps in analysing real-time video feeds?
(a) Data science (b) Computer vision
(c) NLP (d) None of the above
10. Which company uses computer vision for auton omous vehicles right now?
(a) Google (b) Apple
(c) Tesla (d) Amazon

11. Which technology is the backbone of virtual assistants like Siri and Alexa?
(a) Data science (b) Computer vision
(c) NLP (d) Surveillance systems
12. Which AI domain is involved in creating artificial systems from visual data?
(a) NLP (b) Computer vision
(c) Machine learning (d) Neural networks
13. What is an application of NLP on Gmail?
(a) Route optimization (b) Email filters
(c) Surveillance (d) Face lock
14. Which AIdomain is used to create data from specific datasets in Generative AI?
(a) Data science (b) Computer vision
(c) NLP (d) All of the above

15. What is the goal of natural language processing?

(a) Generate images (b) Understand and generate human language
(c) Analyse video feeds (d) Optimize routes for drivers
16. What is a common application of computer vision in smartphones?
(a) Chatbots (b) Face lock
(c) Route optimization (d) Price comparison
 16 Artificial Intelligencee Class
from
17. Which Al domain involves the extraction of information real-world
data? visual
(a) NLP (b) Data science

(c) Computer vision (d) None of the above

18. Which Al domain enables machines to translate text from one language to another?
(a) NLP (b) Data science
(d) Machine learning
(c) Computer vision
drivers?
19. Which application helps to optimize routes for Uber
(a) Speech recognition (b) Google Maps
(d) Personalized search
(c) Route optimization
20. Which of these is an example of speech recognition?
(a) Tesla (b) Google Translate
(c) Siri (d) Uber

ANSWERS
1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (c) 5. (b)

6. (b) 7. (c) 8. (a) 9. (6) 10. (c)

11. (c) 12. (b) 13. (b) 14. (d) 15. (b)

16. (b) 17. (c) 18. (a) 19. (c) 20. (c)

B. Fill in the Blanks with Answers

1. Al is the creation of machines that can mimic capabilities such as learning, reasoning.
and problem-solving.
Ans. Human
2. The three main domains of Alare Data science, Computer vision, and
Ans. Natural language processing (NLP)
3. is a branch of Al that deals with interpreting and generating human language.
Ans. NLP

4. Computer vision is primarily concerned with extracting information from

Ans. images and videos
5. websites allow users to compare prices of products across different vendors.
Ans. Price Comparison
6. One company that uses domain of Al in autonomous vehicles is Tesla.
Ans. Computer vision
7. Machine learning algorithms are used in to analyse large datasets.
Ans. Data science
 Domains of AI 17

8. NLP is essential for smart virtual assistants like and Alexa.

Ans. Siri
9. Google Maps uses data to provide real-time updates.
Ans. traffic
10. are basic applications of NLP for sorting and managing emails.
Ans. Email filters
11. helps to detect pedestrians in autonomous driving systems.
Ans. Computer vision
12. Al uses specific datasets to create new data.
Ans. Generative
13. Face lock in smartphones is an application of
Ans. Computer vision
14. helps Uber drivers reduce travel time by finding efficient routes.
Ans. Route optimization
15. in NLP allows machines to translate from one language to another.
Ans. Language translation

C. Short Questions with Answers

1 What is Artificial Intelligence (AI)?
Ans. Al is the creation of machines that can mimic human abilities such as learning. reasoning,
and problem-solving.
2. Name the three domains of AI.
Ans. Data science, Computer vision, and Natural language processing (NLP).
3. What is the role of data science in Al?
Ans. Data science involves applying machine learning algorithms to data for tasks like analysis,
visualization, and information extraction.
4 What is Computer vision?
Ans. Computer vision is a technology that allows machines to obtain and process visual data from
images and videos.
5 What is the purpose of Natural language processing?
Ans. NLP allows machines to understand, interpret, and generate human language in a way that
is useful for various applications.
6. Give one example of an application of data science.
Ans. Google Maps, uses data to provide real-time traffic updates.
7 What is Generative AI?
Ans. Generative Al is a method for creating new data by training models on specific datasets related
to particular domains.
 18
Artificial IntelligenceClass VIL
8. How does NLP benefit virtual
assistants?
Ans. from
NLP allows
users.
virtual asistants like Siriand Alexa to understand and respond to spoken commanA.
9.
What role does computer vision play in autonomous vehicles?
Ans. Computer vision helps vehicles in detecting obstacles, recognizingroad signs, and
traffic signals for safe driving. interpreting
10. What is speech recognition in the context of NLP?
Ans. Speech recognition in the context of NLP involves converting spoken language into text for
processing in applications like virtual assistants and voice-controlled devices.