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DESIGN PATTERNS Overview

Design patterns are best practices for solving common problems in object-oriented software development, as established by the Gang of Four in their 1994 book. They categorize design patterns into three types: Creational, Structural, and Behavioral, each addressing different aspects of object creation, composition, and communication. The principles emphasized include programming to an interface and favoring composition over inheritance.

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8 views1 page

DESIGN PATTERNS Overview

Design patterns are best practices for solving common problems in object-oriented software development, as established by the Gang of Four in their 1994 book. They categorize design patterns into three types: Creational, Structural, and Behavioral, each addressing different aspects of object creation, composition, and communication. The principles emphasized include programming to an interface and favoring composition over inheritance.

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DESIGN PATTERNS

Design patterns represent the best practices used by experienced object-oriented software developers.
Design patterns are solutions to general problems that software developers faced during software
development. These solutions were obtained by trial and error by numerous software developers over
quite a substantial period of time.

First we study on Gang of Four Design patterns

In 1994, four authors Erich Gamma, Richard Helm, Ralph Johnson and John Vlissides published a book
titled Design Patterns - Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software which initiated the concept of
Design Pattern in Software development.

These authors are collectively known as Gang of Four (GOF). According to these authors design patterns
are primarily based on the following principles of object orientated design.

 Program to an interface not an implementation


 Favor object composition over inheritance

Types of Design Patterns


 As per the design pattern reference book Design Patterns - Elements of Reusable Object-
Oriented Software , there are 23 design patterns which can be classified in three categories:
Creational, Structural and Behavioral patterns.

S.N. Pattern & Description

1 Creational Patterns
These design patterns provide a way to create objects while hiding the creation logic,
rather than instantiating objects directly using new operator. This gives program more
flexibility in deciding which objects need to be created for a given use case.

2 Structural Patterns
These design patterns concern class and object composition. Concept of inheritance is
used to compose interfaces and define ways to compose objects to obtain new
functionalities.

3 Behavioral Patterns
These design patterns are specifically concerned with communication between objects.

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