KOTEBE UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION

MENELIK I SCIENCE SHARED CAMPUS

WORKSHEET 3 AND 4

PART I: Give short answer for the following questions.

1. If the velocity of a particle is nonzero, can the particle’s acceleration be zero? Explain.
2. If the velocity of a particle is zero, can the particle’s acceleration be nonzero? Explain.
3. If a car is traveling eastward, can its acceleration be westward? Explain.
4. Two cars are moving in the same direction in parallel lanes along a highway. At some instant,
the velocity of car A exceeds the velocity of car B. Does that mean that the acceleration of
A is greater than that of B at that instant? Explain.
5.(a) Can the instantaneous velocity of an object at an instant of time ever be greater in
magnitude than the average velocity over a time interval containing that instant? (b) Can it
ever be less?
6. A ball is thrown vertically upward. (a) What are its velocity and acceleration when it reaches
its maximum altitude? (b) What is the acceleration of the ball just before it hits the ground?
7. Describe what the particle is doing in each case and give a real-life example for an
automobile on an east-west one-dimensional axis, with east considered the positive
direction.
8. How will it be possible for a car to move but not accelerating?
9. Explain whether the following particles do or do not have acceleration:
(a) a particle moving in a straight line with constant speed and
(b) a particle moving around a curve with constant speed.
10. Can the direction of velocity of an object change, while its acceleration is constant? Explain
with example.
11. Is it possible for a body to be accelerated without speeding up or slowing down? If so, give an
example.
12. To get to school, a girl walks 1 km North in 15 minutes. She then walks 200 m South- west in 160
seconds. What is the girl’s average velocity for her walk to school?
13. In a uniform circular motion, is the velocity constant? Is the acceleration constant? Explain
Part II. Choose the best answer within short in briefly.
14. A body moving with constant acceleration covers the distance between to point 60m
apart in 5s. Its velocity as it passes the second point is 15m/s. What is the acceleration?
A. 3 m/s2 B. 2.4 m/s2 C. 1.8 m/s2 D. 1.2 m/s2
15. If a long distance jumper athlete leaves the ground at an angle of 370 above the
horizontalsurface at a speed of 10 m/s, how far does he jump in the horizontal
direction?
A. 4.8 m B. 6 m C. 9.6 m D.12 m
16. A woman is rotating a bucket of water in a vertical circle of radius 0.9 m, the mass of
bucket and water is 5 kg. What is the bucket’s minimum speed at the top of the circle
 if no water isto spill out?
A. 0 B. 1 m/s C. 3 m/s D. 9 m/s
17. A force F of magnitude 20 N is applied to a block of mass 2 kg that lies on a rough,
horizontal surface as shown in figure below. The coefficient of kinetic friction between
the block and surface is 0.4. What is the magnitude of the acceleration of the block?
A. 10 m/s2
B. 5.2 m/s2
F
C. 4 m/s2 Block 530
D. 2.8 m/s2

18. Which one of the following statements is correct?

Am. An object moving toward the east cannot have acceleration toward the west.
B. If the average velocities of an object zero in some time interval, the average speed of
the object for that time interval is also zero.
C. The velocity- time graph of an object moving with constant acceleration is parallel to
the time axis.
D. An object having zero velocity can have acceleration different from zero.
19. A car travels along a straight line at a constant speed of 20 m/s for a distance d and then
another d in the same direction at a constant speed of 36 km/hr. What is the average
speed forthe entire trip?

A. 23 km/hr B. 48 km/hr C. 54 km/h D. 60 km/hr.

20. A highway curve is banked (inclined) in such a way that a car travelling at speed of 13.5
m/s can round the curve without skidding in the absence of friction. If the angle is 300,
what is the radius of the cure?
A. 10.5 m B. 21.0 m C. 31.7 m D. 36.7 m
21. Which one of the following pairs of concepts cannot both simultaneously be constant and
non-zero for a body?
A. The speed and velocity
B. Magnitude of acceleration and acceleration
C. Total distance and displacement
D. Velocity and acceleration
22. Which one of the following represent zero acceleration?
 23. A car begins driving from a stationary position. It accelerates at 4 m/s2 for 10 seconds, and
then travels at a steady speed for another 10 seconds, all in the same direction. How much
distance has it covered since it started driving?
A. 200 m B. 400 m C. 600 m D. 800 m
24. Which of the below can be true at the same time?
I. Velocity: Constant; Acceleration: Constant
II. Velocity: Constant; Acceleration: Changing
III. Velocity: Changing; Acceleration: Constant
IV. Velocity: Changing; Acceleration: Changing
A. I only B. II only C. IV only D. III and IV E. I, III, and IV
25. A stone is tossed straight upwards with an initial positive velocity of 30 m/s. What is its
instantaneous velocity and acceleration at the highest point of its trajectory?
A. Velocity = 0 m/s Acceleration = 0 m/s2
B. Velocity = 30 m/s Acceleration = – 9.8 m/s2
C. Velocity = – 30 m/s Acceleration = 0 m/s2
D. Velocity = 0 m/s Acceleration = – 9.8 m/s2
E. Velocity = 30 m/s Acceleration = 0 m/s2

16. An object is moving at a constant speed. Which statement MUST be true?

A. The acceleration of the object must be zero

B. The direction of the object is not changing

C. The velocity of the object is constant

D. All of the above

E. None of the above

17. John stands on the ground and throws a ball directly upwards with a velocity of 5 m/s. What
will be the final velocity v of the ball just before it hits the ground? (Neglect air resistance.)
A. v = 0 m/s C. v = – 5 m/s
B. v = 5 m/s D. v > 5 m/s E. v < – 5 m/s
18. The coordinate of a particle in meters is given by x (t) = 25t – 3t3, where the time t is in
seconds. At what value t will the particle become momentarily at rest?
A. 2.87 s. B. 1.67 s. C. 0.6 s. D. 0.36 s.
19. A driver moving at a constant speed of 20 m/s sees an accident up ahead and hits the
brakes. If the car accelerates at a constant rate of -5 m/s2, how far does the car go before
it comes to stop?
A.120 m B. 100 m. C. 40 m. D. 20 m.
20. What does the slop of a velocity-time graph represent?
A. Distance. C. Acceleration.
C. Displacement. D. Speed.
21. The x and y coordinates of a particle at any time t is given by x = 9t + 5t2 and y = 5t + 8
where x and y are in meters and t in seconds. The acceleration of the particle at t = 5
seconds is
A. zero B. 10m/s2 C. 14 m/s2 D. 20 m/s2
22. A projectile is fired at 600 with the horizontal. At the highest point of its path, the
vertical component of its velocity is momentarily zero. What is the magnitude of its
acceleration at this point?
A. 20 m/s2 B. 10 m/s2 C. 5 m/s2 D. 0 m/s2
23. A cart on an air track is moving at 0.5 m/s when the air is suddenly turned off. The cart
comes to rest after traveling 1 m. The experiment is repeated, but now the cart is moving
at 1 m/s when the air is turned off. How far does the cart travel before coming to
rest?
A. 1 m B. 2 m C. 3 m D. 4 m
24. A car accelerates steadily from 0 m/s to 30 m/s in a distance d and a time t. Another car
takes a time3t to accelerate steadily from stationary to the same final velocity. What
distance does the second car cover during the new acceleration?
A. 3d B. d C. d/3 D. d/9
25. A object moving with uniform acceleration has a velocity of 12 m/s in the positive x
direction when its x coordinate is 3 cm. If its x coordinate 2 sec. later is -5 cm, what is its
acceleration?
A. -12 m/s2 B. -13 m/s2 C. -16 m/s2 D. 12 m/s2
26. What is the direction to which a fish must push the water with its fins in order to propel
eastward?
A. eastward C. westward
B. upward D. downward
27. If an object is in equilibrium, which of the following statements is not true?
A. The speed of the object remains constant
B. The acceleration of the object is zero.
C. The net force acting on the object is zero.
D. The object must be at rest.
E. The velocity is constant.
 28. A woman driving a 2000 kg car along a level road at 30 m/s takes her foot off the gas to
see how far her car will roll before it slows to a stop. She discovers that it takes150 m.
What is the average force of friction acting on the car?
A. 9000 N B. 6000 N C. 3000 N D. 400 N
29. When a stone is thrown directly upwards with an initial velocity of 30.0 m/s, what will be
the maximum height it will reach and when will it be? Acceleration due to gravity is 10 m/s2
A. 45 m in 3 s B. 90 m in 6 s C. 1.5 m in 3 s D. 90 m in 3 s E. 45 m in 6 s
B. PART II: WORKOUT (SHOW ALL THE NECESSARY STEPS CLEARLY)
30. Describe the motion in each interval of the velocity-time graph and calculate the total distance
from the graph shown in the figures below.

31. A stone strikes the ground with a speed of 30 m/s. (a) From what height was it released?
(b) How long was it falling? (c) If the stone is thrown down with a speed of 10 m/s from
the same height, then what will be its speed just before hitting the ground?
32. Calculate the height of a building if it takes 4.0s for a ball to reach to the ground when it
is thrown straight up from the top of the building with an initial velocity of 8.0 m/s.
(Sketch the motion diagram.)
33. A kangaroo can vertically jump over an object 2.5m high. What is its initial vertical speed
to reach this height? How long will it stay in the air if it is jumping on a level ground?
34. Calculate the magnitude of the acceleration of a particle moving in a circle of radius r =
0.5 m with a constant speed of 10 m/s.
35. A 0.525 kg ball is attached to a 1.25 m string and swings in a circular path, making 2.00
revolutions per second. The angle of the string is nearly horizontal. Find the tension in the
string.
36. A 0.525 kg ball is attached to a 1.25 m string and swings in a circular path. The angle of
the string away from vertical is 30.0°. Find the centripetal force acting on the ball and the
speed of the ball.
37. What is (a) the tangential velocity? (b) the angular velocity? and (c) the
centripetal acceleration, due to the Earth’s rotation, of a body on the equator?
Radius of Earth = 6,400 km.
38. The wheel of a bicycle has a radius of 40 cm. Calculate its period of revolution
if the bicycle moves with a speed of 20 km/h. How much is the angular
velocity?
39. Find the banking angle of the railway track with a radius of curvature of 1500m. If the
train’s maximum speed is 15m/s. If the distance between the two tracks is 2.0m,
calculate the elevation of the outer track over the inner track.
40. A 0.525 kg ball is attached to a 1.25 m string and swings in a circular path, making 2.00
revolutions per second. The angle of the string is nearly horizontal. Find the tension in
the string.
41. A 0.525 kg ball is attached to a 1.25 m string and swings in a circular path. The angle of
the string away from vertical is 30.0°. Find the centripetal force acting on the ball and the
speed of the ball.
42. A ball is dropped on the floor from a height of 10 m. It rebounds to a height of 2.5 m. If
the ball is in contact with the floor for 0.01 sec, what is the average acceleration during
contact?
43. If a stone is thrown vertically downward into a well with a speed of 10 m/s, how long
will it take it to reach the water surface 60 m below?
44. What is (a) the tangential velocity? (b) the angular velocity? and (c) the
centripetal acceleration, due to the Earth’s rotation, of a body on the equator?
Radius of Earth = 6,400 km.
45. The wheel of a bicycle has a radius of 40 cm. Calculate its period of revolution
if the bicycle moves with a speed of 20 km/h. How much is the angular
velocity?
46. Find the banking angle of the railway track with a radius of curvature of 1500m. If the
train’s maximum speed is 15m/s.
47. A car driver accelerates her car by 1.4 m/s2, starting from rest. (a) How long does it take
her to reach a speed of 2.0 m/s? (b) If she then brakes to a stop in
0.8 seconds, what is her deceleration?
48. A particle is in motion and is accelerating. The velocity of the motion as a function of time
is given by: v(t) = 20t - 5t 2 m/s. Find (a) the functional form of the acceleration, (b) the
instantaneous velocity at t = 3s, and (c) the instantaneous acceleration at t = 3 s.
49. A toy car of mass 2kg moves westwards with a speed of 2m/s. It collides head on with a
toy train of mass 3kg moving at 1.5m/s eastwards. If the car rebounds and the collision is
elastic determine the velocity of the toy car and toy train.
50. Interpret the following displacement (s) vs. time graphs
51. An object has a constant acceleration of 3.2m/s2. At a certain instant, its velocity is 9.6m/s.
What is the ratio of its velocities at 2.5 second later to 2.5sec earlier?
52. Starting from rest a car moves along a straight level road with uniformly increasing
velocity for 40 minutes, until its velocity becomes 30 m/s, north. Then it maintained this
velocity for half an hour. In the next 20 minutes, its velocity uniformly decreases until it
becomes zero. Then it continuous movingin the opposite direction for 40 minutes until its
velocity is equal to 40 m/s, south. (a) Draw the velocity vs. time, and displacement vs.
time graph of the motion. (b) Determine the distance and the magnitude of the
displacement covered during the motion.

DYNAMICS

53. A block slides on a rough 450 incline. The coefficient of friction between block and
incline isµk. What is the ratio of acceleration when the block accelerates down the
inclined to the acceleration when the block is projected up the incline?
54. A 60N object is to be given an acceleration of 6/100 of acceleration due togravity of
the earth. What is the mass of an object?
55. A freight train has a mass of 1.5 × 107kg. If the locomotive can exert a constant pull of
7.5 × 105N, how long dose it take to increase the speed of the train from rest to 80km/h?
56. A bag of cement of weight 40kg hangs from three ropes shown in the figure below. Two
of the ropes make angles of θ1=370 and 370 with the horizontal. If the system is in
equilibrium, compute T1, T2, and T3 in the rope. [Take: cos370=sin530=0.8:
cos530=sin370=0.6; g=10m/s2]
57. Determine the unknown variables of 1 and T2 for the figure below.

58. Determine the the tension force and the acceleration between the blocks if 𝜇k=0.2 for the
system shown blow

59. A block of mass m is placed on a horizontal surface as shown in Figure below.What is

the normal force in each of the following cases?

60. (a) If gold were sold by weight, would you rather buy it in Addis Ababa or inAlaska?
(b) If it were sold by mass, in which of the two locations would you prefer to buy it?
Why?
61. The driver of a speeding empty truck slams on the brakes and skids to a stopthrough a
distance d. (a) If the truck carried a load that doubled its mass, whatwould be the truck’s
skidding distance? (b) If the initial speed of the truck were halved, what would be the
truck’s skidding distance?
62. A ball of mass m1 and a block of mass m2 are attached by a lightweight cord that passes
over a frictionless pulley of negligible mass, as in Figure 4.32. The block lies on a
frictionless incline of angle θ. Calculate the magnitude of the acceleration of the two
objects in terms of m1, m2, g and θ
63. This angle is called the critical angle, what will be the acceleration of the block when the
angle of the inclination is greater than the critical angle? Is the acceleration dependent on the
mass? Is the acceleration dependent on the mass if the surface is frictionless? For what angle
would the block begin to slide if the surface were frictionless?
64. Look at the diagram of the truck in Figure below. The truck has a mass of 8 tonnes. What will
happen to the truck?

65. A book is on a ramp at angle of 30° to the horizontal. The book has a mass of 1.5 kg and the
coefficient of static friction between the book and the ramp is 0.2. Work out the frictional
force between the book and the ramp.
66. A man puts a brick down on a concrete slope. The brick just starts to slip. The angle of the slope
is 37°. Work out the coefficient of static friction between the brick and the concrete.
67. A large table has a mass of 150 kg. The coefficient of static friction between the table legs and the
ground is 0.45. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the table legs and the ground is 0.4.
(a). What force is needed to start the table moving?
(b). What force is needed to keep the table moving?
68. A person is dragging a 15 kg box along flat ground using a length of rope. The rope is at angle of
30° to the horizontal and the person is pulling with a force of 58 N. Work out the coefficient of
kinetic friction between the box and the ground.
69. What conditions are associated with an object that is moving at a constant velocity?
70. A truck is facing down a slope of 53°. The truck has a mass of 3000 kg. The driver lets of the brake
and the truck accelerates down the slope. What is the acceleration of the truck? What is the
acceleration as a vector in component form?
71. A car is on a slope of 10° above the horizontal. A force of 1000 N is applied to the car up the line
of the slope. The car has a mass of 500 kg.
72. A force of 10N is applied horizontally on a block resting on a horizontal surface and
accelerates it by 3m/s2. If the coefficient of friction is 0.2, whatis the mass of the
block?
73. An 80kg man stands inside a certain elevator of which is acceleratingupward with
an 4.4m/s2 . What is the tension in elevators cable?
74. A bag of sugar weighs 10.00 lb on Earth. What would it weigh in newton’s on the moon,
where the free-fall acceleration is one-sixth that on Earth?
75. A horizontal force of 18N is applied to m1. If m1 is 1kg, m2= 2 kg, and m3 = 3kg, .Find:
(a) The acceleration of the block.
(b) The resultant force on each block.
(c) The magnitude of the contact forces between the blocks.

76. Three blocks of mass m1, m2 and m3 are connected by thread and placed on a smooth
horizontal surface as shown in the figure below. A force F is applied on the block of mass
m3 in forward direction as shown. Neglecting friction, find the tension in the thread
connecting m1 and m2..
F
m1 m2 m3

77. Two forces are acting on an aircraft of mass 2000 kg, as shown in the figurebelow.
Determine the acceleration of the aircraft.
78. A trolley is set to move on a smooth track that is banked at an angle of 300. For a trolley
moving with a speed 5 m/s to round the curve. What is the radius of the banked surface?
79. In the arrangement shown Fig.below. The mass of the pulleys and the string
are negligible, if it is released What will be the avlration? (Take: g=10.0m/s2)

80.

81. An object of mass M is held in place by an applied force F and a pulley

system as shown in Fig blow. The pulleys are mass less and frictionless.
Find (a) the tension in eachsection of rope, T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5 and (b) the
magnitude of F. Suggestion: Draw a free- body diagram for each pulley

Set by: AK