WIDENING / IMPROVEMENT TO 4 (FOUR) LANE WITH PAVED SHOULDER FROM KM

27+701 (SIMEN CHAPORI) TO KM 55+000 (Nagabang Gamsuk Village) IN THE STATE OF

ASSAM ON EPC MODE ( PACKAGE-2)

Design Consultant:

Appikatla Engineering Services (AEC) Pvt. Ltd.

Flat No. 4-B, 4th Floor, Dhruvatara Apartment,
Medinova Complex, Somajiguda,
Hyderabad - 500041

Design Calculation For Minor Bridge

24-05-2024 R0
DATE REV. NO. Designed Checked Approved
REVISIONS

TITLE :
NAME SIGN DATE
DSGN. Design of Prestressed I-Girder 40 m Span
CHKD. (Chainage- 33+850)
APPD.
CODE REV.
Doc. No. : AESPL/ASSAM/NH-515/P-2/DDN/STR/MNB/SUPER-02
IRC/IS R0

RELEASED FOR Preliminary FFR Approval

1.0 Design Data for Simply Supported Prestressed I-Girder of span 40m -Straight span
1.1 Geometric details
C/C distance of piers = 40.00 m Effective girder span = 38.00 m
Deck slab overhang over pier = 1.00 m Girder overhang at either end = 0.75 m
Note - Overhangs are measured from the centreline of bearing. Angle for span, q = 0.00 radian
Radius of curvature R 1E+15 m Design velocity of vehicle = 100 kmph

1.2 Cross-sectional details

Width of carriage way = 9.50 m Width of crash barrier = 0.50 m
Width of footpath = 1.50 m Nos. of footpath =1 Nos.
Width of railing = 0.50 m Average Deck Width 12.500 m
Depth of Precast Girder = 2.600 m Thickness of deck slab = 0.220 m
Overall depth of girder = 2.820 m Thickness of wearing coat 0.065 m
Number of PSC longitudinal girder =4 Nos. Spacing of longitudinal girder = 3.20 m
Number of cross girder =4 Nos. Avg Cant. span of deck slab = 1.450 m
Max Cant. span of deck slab = 1.450 m Min Cant. span of deck slab = 1.450 m
Length of girder, LG1 = 39.500 m Length of girder, LG2 = 39.500 m
Length of girder, LG3 = 39.500 m Length of girder, LG4 = 39.500 m

1.3 Cross sectional details of girders

Top width of precast girder = 1.25 m Width of web of PSC girder(support) = 0.900 m
Thickness of End cross girder = 0.90 m Width of web of PSC girder(san) = 0.30 m
Thickness of Inner cross girder = 0.30 m

1.4 Material details

1.4.1 Concrete details [ IRC:112-2011 ]
Grade of concrete = M50 Mean concrete strength fcm = 60.00 MPa
Modulus of elasticity Ecm = 35220 MPa Mean tensile strength fctm = 3.52 MPa
Lower fractile tensile fctm = 2.46 MPa Upper fractile tensile fctm95 = 4.57 MPa
Material safety factor gm = 1.50 Design concrete strength fcd = 22.33 MPa
Unit weight of concrete = 25.00 kN/m 3
Coeff of thermal expansion = 12 E-06 /0C
Permissible Compressive stress at rare combination of loads = 24.00 MPa
Permissible Compressive stress at frequent combination of loads = 18.00 MPa
Permissible tensile stress = 1.64 MPa Modular ratio m = E p /E c

1.4.2 Reinforcing details [ IRC:112-2011 ]

Grade of reinforcement Fe 500 Modulus of elasticity = 200000 MPa
Material safety factor gs = 1.15 Design yield strength fyd = 434.78 MPa
Design yield strain eyd = 0.0022 Permissible working stress = 240.00 MPa
Density of Steel = 78.50 kN/m3

1.4.3 Prestressing strand details [ IRC:112-2011 & IS:14268-1995 ]

Type of prestressing strand Low Relaxation Ultimate tensile strength fpk = 1860.00 MPa
Modulus of elasticity = 195.00 Gpa 0.1% proof stress (0.87 UTS) = 1617.39 MPa
Design yield strength fpd = 1406.43 MPa Design yield strain epd = 0.0072
Applied jack pressure = 1455.65 MPa Expected slip at girder end = 6.00 mm
Type of sheathing material Corrugated HDPE Area of single strand of 15.2mm = 140.00 mm2
Coefficient of friction (m) = 0.17 per radian Wobble coefficient (k) = 0.0020 per metre
Typical cable identification 19T/15 Duct dia including sheathing = 115.00 mm
Width of anchorage plate = 275.00 mm Depth of anchorage plate = 275.00 mm
Minimum clear cover = 75.00 mm Clear distance between cables = 115.00 mm
Effective cover for cables = 132.50 mm Effective cover for anchorage = 230.00 mm
Eff dist between cables = 230.00 mm Eff dist between anchorages = 350.00 mm
Cross Sectional area of Tendon ( area of each stand = 140.00mm2) = 2660 mm2
Braking load (Breaking load each strand = 260.0 kN) = 4940 kN
Applied Force (90% of 0.1% proof load = =0.9*0.85*260) = 3779 kN

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 1.4.4 Bearing
Type of bearing Elastomeric Seismic Zone Zone V
Seismic Horizontal Coefficient = 0.120 Seismic vertical Coefficient = 0.080

1.5 Sequence of construction

Casting of Precast girders = 0 days
Prestressing First stage = 5 days
Second stage = 28 days
Erection of girder = 50 days
Casting of deck slab = 60 days
Removal of Shuttering, Laying of wearing course and crash barrier = 90 days
After 14 days casting of Precast Girder, first stage Cables shall be stressed as per given force & elongation.
Second stage Cables shall be stressed after 28 days of casting of precast girder. After that all Precast
Girders shall be erected at bearing locations and Deck slab & X-Girder shall be cast erecting necessary
shuttering from precast girder at 60 days. After 30 days casting of Deck Slab i.e. after 90 days casting
of Precast Girder, all shuttering material shall be removed and SIDL shall be laid.
12.500
0.50 9.500 0.50

65 thk w/c

0.220 1.250
0.15
0.10

2.600 LG1 LG2 1.950 LG3 LG4

0.15
0.9 0.25
1.450 3.200 3.200 3.200 1.450
Section X-X

Center of Symmetry
0.220
0.15
0.10 0.30
2.00 2.00
0.90 2.600 2.350
0.15
0.25
1.00 38.00
40.00
0.750
Section Y-Y

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 X

1.45
Y Y
Longitudinal girder

3.2

12.500
3.2

3.2
Cross Girder

1.45

X
1.000 38.00
40.00
Plan

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2.0 Sectional properties of Girder
2.1 Sectional properties of Precast Longitudinal Girder : At Mid Span
(Precast Girder only)
1.250

0.15 1 1
0.1 2 2
0.475

D= 2.600 3

0.15 4 4
0.25 5 5
0.3 0.3
0.9

Flexural Stiffness about major axis:

CG from
Id. No. bi di N A A x d'i A x ( d'i )2 I CG(i) ICG(i)+A(d'i)2
Bottom (d'i)
(m) (m) (Nos.) (m2) (m) (m3) (m4) (m4) (m4)
1 0.475 0.150 2 0.1425 2.525 0.35981 0.90853 0.000267 0.90879
2 0.475 0.100 2 0.0475 2.417 0.11479 0.27741 0.000026 0.27744
3 0.300 2.600 1 0.7800 1.300 1.01400 1.31820 0.439400 1.75760
4 0.300 0.150 2 0.0450 0.300 0.01350 0.00405 0.000056 0.00411
5 0.300 0.250 2 0.1500 0.125 0.01875 0.00234 0.000781 0.00313
Total A = 1.1650 Total Axd'i = 1.52085 Total ICG(i)+ A ( d'i )2 = 2.95106
Total A = 1.165 m2
Total CG from bottom CG = =A/Axd'i = 1.305 m
Total Moment of Inertia about CG =ICG(i) + A ( d'i )2 -Ax CG^2 = 0.966 m4
Z Top =I/(D-CG) = 0.746 m3
ZBottom =I/CG = 0.740 m3
Perimeter in contact with air u = = 8.492 m

2.2 Sectional properties of Precast Longitudinal Girder : At Support

(Precast Girder only)
1.250

0.15 1 1
0.037 2 2
0.175

D= 2.600 3

0.9

Flexural Stiffness about major axis:

CG from
Id. No. bi di N A A x d'i A x ( d'i )2 I CG(i) ICG(i)+A(d'i)2
Bottom (d'i)
(m) (m) (Nos.) (m2) (m) (m3) (m4) (m4) (m4)
1 0.1750 0.150 2 0.0525 2.525 0.13256 0.33472 0.000098 0.33482
2 0.1750 0.037 2 0.0064 2.438 0.01572 0.03831 0.000000 0.03831
3 0.900 2.600 1 2.3400 1.300 3.04200 3.95460 1.318200 5.27280
Total A = 2.3989 Total Axd'i = 3.19028 Total ICG(i)+ A ( d'i )2 = 5.64593
Total A = 2.399 m2
Total CG from bottom CG = =A/Axd'i = 1.330 m
Total Moment of Inertia about CG =ICG(i) + A ( d'i )2 -Ax CG^2 = 1.403 m4
Z Top =I/(D-CG) = 1.105 m3
ZBottom =I/CG = 1.055 m3

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 Calculation of Sectional properties of main girder & cross girder for STAAD Analysis
2.3. Sectional properties of Composite Precast Girder & Deck Slab : At Mid Span
As per cl. No. 7.6.1.2 of IRC 112-2011, the width of compression flange of beams with solid webs
beff = ∑ beff,i +bw for T-Beam beff,i = 0.2bi+0.1l0
bw = Width of web = 0.3 m lo = effetive span = 38.00 m
bi = Spacing of girder = 3.2 m
be = 3.200 m for T-Beam 3.200 m for L-Beam
3.200
1.25
Y
1 0.22
0.15 2 2
0.1 3 3
0.475

D= 2.600 Z 4 Z

0.15 5 5
0.25 6 6
0.3 0.3
0.9
Y
Flexural Stiffness about major axis X-X:
CG from
Id. No. bi di N A A x d'i A x ( d'i )2 I xx(i) Ixx(i)+A(d'i)2
Bottom (d'i)
(m) (m) (Nos.) (m2) (m) (m3) (m4) (m4) (m4)
1 3.200 0.220 1 0.7040 2.710 1.90784 5.17025 0.002839 5.17309
2 0.475 0.150 2 0.1425 2.525 0.35981 0.90853 0.000267 0.90879
3 0.475 0.100 2 0.0475 2.417 0.11479 0.27741 0.000026 0.27744
4 0.300 2.600 1 0.7800 1.300 1.01400 1.31820 0.439400 1.75760
5 0.300 0.150 2 0.0450 0.300 0.01350 0.00405 0.000056 0.00411
6 0.300 0.250 2 0.1500 0.125 0.01875 0.00234 0.000781 0.00313
Total A = 1.8690 Total Axd'i = 3.4287 Total ICG(i)+ A ( d'i )2 = 8.1242
Total A = 1.869 m2
Total CG from bottom CG = =A/Axd'i = 1.835 m
Total Moment of Inertia about CG =ICG(i) + A ( d'i )2 -Ax CG^2 = 1.834 m4
3
Z Top of slab =I/(D+d-CG) = 1.861 m
3
Z bot of slab = 2.396 m
Zbottom of beam =I/CG = 1.000 m3
Perimeter in contact with air u = = 12.832 m
Flexural Stiffness about major axis Y-Y:
CG from
Id. No. bi di N A A x d'i A x ( d'i )2 I CG(i) ICG(i)+A(d'i)2
Centre (d'i)
(m) (m) (Nos.) (m2) (m) (m3) (m4) (m4) (m4)
1 0.220 3.200 1 0.7040 0.000 0.00000 0.00000 0.600747 0.60075
2 0.150 0.475 2 0.1425 0.388 0.00000 0.02140 0.002679 0.02408
3 0.100 0.475 2 0.0475 0.308 0.00000 0.00452 0.000595 0.00511
4 2.600 0.300 1 0.7800 0.000 0.00000 0.00000 0.005850 0.00585
5 0.150 0.300 2 0.0450 0.250 0.00000 0.00281 0.000225 0.00304
6 0.250 0.300 2 0.1500 0.300 0.00000 0.01350 0.001125 0.01463
Total Area = 1.8690 Total Axd'i = 0.00000 Total I = 0.65345
Total Moment of Inertia about CG = 0.653 m4
Torsional Stiffness : 3.200
Id. No. d b d/b k J0 = kb3d 1 0.220
4
(m) (m) (m ) 1.0600 2 0.250
1 3.2000 0.2200 14.545 0.333 0.01135
2 1.0600 0.2500 4.240 0.285 0.00473
3 1.950
3 1.9500 0.3000 6.500 0.297 0.01565 0.3
4 0.7875 0.4000 1.969 0.262 0.01321
Total torsional stiffness 0.04493 4 0.400
0.7875

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2.4. Sectional properties of Composite Precast Girder & Deck Slab : At Support
3.200
1.25
Y
1 0.22
0.15 2 2
0.037 3 3
0.175

D= 2.600 X 4 X

0.9
Y
Flexural Stiffness about major axis X-X:
CG from
Id. No. bi di N A A x d'i A x ( d'i )2 I CG(i) ICG(i)+A(d'i)2
Bottom (d'i)
(m) (m) (Nos.) (m2) (m) (m3) (m4) (m4) (m4)
1 3.2000 0.220 1 0.7040 2.7100 1.90784 5.17025 0.002839 5.17309
2 0.1750 0.150 2 0.0525 2.525 0.13256 0.33472 0.000098 0.33482
3 0.1750 0.037 2 0.0064 2.438 0.01572 0.03831 0.000000 0.03831
4 0.900 2.600 1 2.3400 1.300 3.04200 3.95460 1.318200 5.27280
Total A = 3.1029 Total Axd'i = 5.0981 Total ICG(i)+ A ( d'i )2 = 10.8190
Total A = 3.103 m2
Total CG from bottom CG = =A/Axd'i = 1.643 m
Total Moment of Inertia about CG =ICG(i) + A ( d'i )2 -Ax CG^2 = 2.443 m4
Z Top of slab =I/(D+d-CG) = 2.075 m3
Z Top of girder 2.553 m3
Zbottom of girder =I/CG = 1.487 m3
Flexural Stiffness about major axis Y-Y:
CG from
Id. No. bi di N A A x d'i A x ( d'i )2 I CG(i) ICG(i)+A(d'i)2
Centre (d'i)
(m) (m) (Nos.) (m2) (m) (m3) (m4) (m4) (m4)
1 0.220 3.200 1 0.7040 0.000 0.00000 0.00000 0.600747 0.60075
2 0.150 0.175 2 0.0525 0.538 0.00000 0.01517 0.000134 0.01530
3 0.037 0.175 2 0.0064 0.958 0.00000 0.00592 0.000011 0.00593
4 2.600 0.900 1 2.3400 0.000 0.00000 0.00000 0.157950 0.15795
Total Area = 3.1029 Total Axd'i = 0.00000 Total I = 0.77993
Total Moment of Inertia about CG = 0.780 m4
Torsional Stiffness : 3.200
Id. No. d b d/b k J0 = kb3d 1 0.220
4
(m) (m) (m ) 1.2155 2 0.187
1 3.2000 0.2200 14.545 0.333 0.01135
2 1.2155 0.1868 6.505 0.306 0.00243 3
2.413
3 2.4132 0.9000 2.681 0.257 0.45258 0.9
Total torsional stiffness 0.46635

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2.5. Sectional properties of Composite Precast Girder & Deck Slab : At flared Portion
3.200
1.25
Y
1 0.22
0.15 2 2
0.068 3 3
0.325

D= 2.600 X 4 X

0.075 5 5
0.25 6 6
0.15 0.6
0.9
Y
Flexural Stiffness about major axis X-X:
CG from
Id. No. bi di N A A x d'i A x ( d'i )2 I CG(i) ICG(i)+A(d'i)2
Bottom (d'i)
(m) (m) (Nos.) (m2) (m) (m3) (m4) (m4) (m4)
1 3.200 0.220 1 0.7040 2.710 1.90784 5.17025 0.002839 5.17309
2 0.325 0.150 2 0.0975 2.525 0.24619 0.62162 0.000183 0.62181
3 0.325 0.068 2 0.0222 2.427 0.05397 0.13100 0.000006 0.13101
4 0.600 2.600 1 1.5600 1.300 2.02800 2.63640 0.878800 3.51520
5 0.150 0.075 2 0.0113 0.275 0.00309 0.00085 0.000004 0.00085
6 0.150 0.250 2 0.0750 0.125 0.00938 0.00117 0.000391 0.00156
Total Area = 2.4700 Total Axd'i = 4.24847 Total I = 9.44352
Total CG from bottom = 1.7200 m
Total Moment of Inertia about CG = 2.1360 m4
Flexural Stiffness about major axis Y-Y:
CG from
Id. No. bi di N A A x d'i A x ( d'i )2 I CG(i) ICG(i)+A(d'i)2
Centre (d'i)
(m) (m) (Nos.) (m2) (m) (m3) (m4) (m4) (m4)
1 0.220 3.200 1 0.7040 0.000 0.00000 0.00000 0.600747 0.60075
2 0.150 0.325 2 0.0975 0.463 0.00000 0.02086 0.000858 0.02171
3 0.068 0.325 2 0.0222 0.408 0.00000 0.00371 0.000130 0.00384
4 2.600 0.600 1 1.5600 0.000 0.00000 0.00000 0.046800 0.04680
5 0.075 0.150 2 0.0113 0.350 0.00000 0.00138 0.000014 0.00139
6 0.250 0.150 2 0.0750 0.375 0.00000 0.01055 0.000141 0.01069
Total Area = 2.4700 Total Axd'i = 0.00000 Total I = 0.68518
Total Moment of Inertia about CG = 0.685 m4
Torsional Stiffness : 3.200
3
Id. No. d b d/b k J0 = kb d 1 0.220
(m) (m) 4
(m ) 1.1482 2 0.218
1 3.2000 0.2200 14.545 0.333 0.01135
2 1.1482 0.2184 5.257 0.294 0.00351
3 2.057
3 2.0566 0.6000 3.428 0.271 0.12025 0.6
4 0.8654 0.3250 2.663 0.273 0.00810
Total torsional stiffness 0.14321 4 0.325
0.8654

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2.6. Sectional Properties of intermeaiate Cross Girder Member
2.375
1 0.220

2 2.350
0.30

Flexural Stiffness about major axis X-X:

CG from
Id. No. bi di N A A x d'i A x ( d'i )2 I CG(i) ICG(i)+A(d'i)2
Bottom (d'i)
(m) (m) (Nos.) (m2) (m) (m3) (m4) (m4) (m4)
1 2.3750 0.220 1 0.5225 2.460 1.28535 3.16196 0.002107 3.16407
2 0.3000 2.350 1 0.7050 1.175 0.82838 0.97334 0.324447 1.29779
Total Area = 1.2275 Total Axd'i = 2.11373 Total I = 4.46186
Total CG from bottom = 1.7220 m
Total Moment of Inertia about CG = 0.8221 m4
Flexural Stiffness about major axis Y-Y:
CG from
Id. No. bi di N A A x d'i A x ( d'i )2 I CG(i) ICG(i)+A(d'i)2
Centre (d'i)
(m) (m) (Nos.) (m2) (m) (m3) (m4) (m4) (m4)
1 0.220 2.375 1 0.5225 0.000 0.00000 0.00000 0.245602 0.24560
2 2.350 0.300 1 0.7050 0.000 0.00000 0.00000 0.005288 0.00529
Total Area = 1.2275 Total Axd'i = 0.00000 Total I = 0.25089
Total Moment of Inertia about CG = 0.25089 m4
Torsional Stiffness :
Id. No. d b d/b k J0 = kb3d
(m) (m) (m4)
1 2.3750 0.2200 10.795 0.333 0.00842
2 2.3500 0.3000 7.833 0.303 0.01922
Total torsional stiffness 0.02764

2.7. Sectional properties of End Cross girder Member

1.688
1 0.220

2 2.350
0.90

Flexural Stiffness about major axis X-X:

CG from
Id. No. bi di N A A x d'i A x ( d'i )2 I CG(i) ICG(i)+A(d'i)2
Bottom (d'i)
(m) (m) (Nos.) (m2) (m) (m3) (m4) (m4) (m4)
1 1.6875 0.220 1 0.3713 2.460 0.91328 2.24666 0.001497 2.24815
2 0.9000 2.350 1 2.1150 1.175 2.48513 2.92002 0.973341 3.89336
Total Area = 2.4863 Total Axd'i = 3.39840 Total I = 6.14152
Total CG from bottom = 1.3669 m
Total Moment of Inertia about CG = 1.4963 m4
Flexural Stiffness about major axis Y-Y:
CG from
Id. No. bi di N A A x d'i A x ( d'i )2 I CG(i) ICG(i)+A(d'i)2
Centre (d'i)
(m) (m) (Nos.) (m2) (m) (m3) (m4) (m4) (m4)
1 0.220 1.688 1 0.3713 0.444 0.16474 0.07310 0.088099 0.16120
2 2.350 0.900 1 2.1150 0.000 0.00000 0.00000 0.142763 0.14276
Total Area = 2.4863 Total Axd'i = 0.16474 Total I = 0.30397
Total CG from bottom = 0.0663 m
Total Moment of Inertia about CG = 0.2931 m4
Torsional Stiffness :
Id. No. d b d/b k J0 = kb3d
(m) (m) (m4)
1 1.6875 0.2200 7.670 0.302 0.00543
2 2.3500 0.9000 2.611 0.256 0.43857
Total torsional stiffness 0.44400

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2.8.Summary of sectional properties of Girders

Composite Inner Precast Girder & Deck Slab Longitudinal girder End Cross Central
Desription Unit At span At support At Flared Girder Cross Girder
Cross-sectional area m2 1.8690 3.1029 2.4700 2.4863 1.2275
I about major axis X-X m4 1.8342 2.4428 2.1360 1.4963 0.8221
I about major axis Y-Y m4 0.6534 0.7799 0.6852 0.2931 0.2509
Torsional stiffness m4 0.0449 0.4663 0.1432 0.4440 0.0276
Torsional Moment of Inertia J0 = 3xb3xd3/{10x(b2+d2)}
(if b>5d<10d) 3/{10x(1+(b/d)2)}
Where, k = b = Shoter Side d = Longer Side
3
J0 = kb d
According to Timoshenko and Goodier"s Table k=
d/b k d/b k
1.00 0.141 3.00 0.263
1.20 0.166 4.00 0.281
1.50 0.196 5.00 0.291
2.00 0.229 10.00 0.312
2.25 0.240 >10.00 0.333
2.50 0.249

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2.0 Sectional properties of Girder
2.1 Sectional properties of Precast Longitudinal Girder : At Mid Span
(Precast Girder only)
1.250

0.15 1 1
0.1 2 2
0.475

D= 2.600 3

0.15 4 4
0.25 5 5
0.3 0.3
0.9

Flexural Stiffness about major axis:

CG from
Id. No. bi di N A A x d'i A x ( d'i )2 I CG(i) ICG(i)+A(d'i)2
Bottom (d'i)
(m) (m) (Nos.) (m2) (m) (m3) (m4) (m4) (m4)
1 0.475 0.150 2 0.1425 2.525 0.35981 0.90853 0.000267 0.90879
2 0.475 0.100 2 0.0475 2.417 0.11479 0.27741 0.000026 0.27744
3 0.300 2.600 1 0.7800 1.300 1.01400 1.31820 0.439400 1.75760
4 0.300 0.150 2 0.0450 0.300 0.01350 0.00405 0.000056 0.00411
5 0.300 0.250 2 0.1500 0.125 0.01875 0.00234 0.000781 0.00313
Total A = 1.1650 Total Axd'i = 1.52085 Total ICG(i)+ A ( d'i )2 = 2.95106
Total A = 1.165 m2
Total CG from bottom CG = =A/Axd'i = 1.305 m
Total Moment of Inertia about CG =ICG(i) + A ( d'i )2 -Ax CG^2 = 0.966 m4
Z Top =I/(D-CG) = 0.746 m3
ZBottom =I/CG = 0.740 m3
Perimeter in contact with air u = = 8.492 m

2.2 Sectional properties of Precast Longitudinal Girder : At Support

(Precast Girder only)
1.250

0.15 1 1
0.037 2 2
0.175

D= 2.600 3

0.9

Flexural Stiffness about major axis:

CG from
Id. No. bi di N A A x d'i A x ( d'i )2 I CG(i) ICG(i)+A(d'i)2
Bottom (d'i)
(m) (m) (Nos.) (m2) (m) (m3) (m4) (m4) (m4)
1 0.1750 0.150 2 0.0525 2.525 0.13256 0.33472 0.000098 0.33482
2 0.1750 0.037 2 0.0064 2.438 0.01572 0.03831 0.000000 0.03831
3 0.900 2.600 1 2.3400 1.300 3.04200 3.95460 1.318200 5.27280
Total A = 2.3989 Total Axd'i = 3.19028 Total ICG(i)+ A ( d'i )2 = 5.64593
Total A = 2.399 m2
Total CG from bottom CG = =A/Axd'i = 1.330 m
Total Moment of Inertia about CG =ICG(i) + A ( d'i )2 -Ax CG^2 = 1.403 m4
Z Top =I/(D-CG) = 1.105 m3
ZBottom =I/CG = 1.055 m3

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 Calculation of Sectional properties of main girder & cross girder for STAAD Analysis
2.3. Sectional properties of Composite Precast Girder & Deck Slab : At Mid Span
As per cl. No. 7.6.1.2 of IRC 112-2011, the width of compression flange of beams with solid webs
beff = ∑ beff,i +bw for T-Beam beff,i = 0.2bi+0.1l0
bw = Width of web = 0.3 m lo = effetive span = 38.00 m
bi = Spacing of girder = 3.05 m
be = 3.050 m for T-Beam 3.050 m for L-Beam
3.050
1.25
Y
1 0.22
0.15 2 2
0.1 3 3
0.475

D= 2.600 Z 4 Z

0.15 5 5
0.25 6 6
0.3 0.3
0.9
Y
Flexural Stiffness about major axis X-X:
CG from
Id. No. bi di N A A x d'i A x ( d'i )2 I xx(i) Ixx(i)+A(d'i)2
Bottom (d'i)
(m) (m) (Nos.) (m2) (m) (m3) (m4) (m4) (m4)
1 3.050 0.220 1 0.6710 2.710 1.81841 4.92789 0.002706 4.93060
2 0.475 0.150 2 0.1425 2.525 0.35981 0.90853 0.000267 0.90879
3 0.475 0.100 2 0.0475 2.417 0.11479 0.27741 0.000026 0.27744
4 0.300 2.600 1 0.7800 1.300 1.01400 1.31820 0.439400 1.75760
5 0.300 0.150 2 0.0450 0.300 0.01350 0.00405 0.000056 0.00411
6 0.300 0.250 2 0.1500 0.125 0.01875 0.00234 0.000781 0.00313
Total A = 1.8360 Total Axd'i = 3.3393 Total ICG(i)+ A ( d'i )2 = 7.8817
Total A = 1.836 m2
Total CG from bottom CG = =A/Axd'i = 1.819 m
Total Moment of Inertia about CG =ICG(i) + A ( d'i )2 -Ax CG^2 = 1.808 m4
3
Z Top of slab =I/(D+d-CG) = 1.806 m
3
Z bot of slab = 2.315 m
Zbottom of beam =I/CG = 0.994 m3
Perimeter in contact with air u = = 12.532 m
Flexural Stiffness about major axis Y-Y:
CG from
Id. No. bi di N A A x d'i A x ( d'i )2 I CG(i) ICG(i)+A(d'i)2
Centre (d'i)
(m) (m) (Nos.) (m2) (m) (m3) (m4) (m4) (m4)
1 0.220 3.050 1 0.6710 0.000 0.00000 0.00000 0.520165 0.52016
2 0.150 0.475 2 0.1425 0.388 0.00000 0.02140 0.002679 0.02408
3 0.100 0.475 2 0.0475 0.308 0.00000 0.00452 0.000595 0.00511
4 2.600 0.300 1 0.7800 0.000 0.00000 0.00000 0.005850 0.00585
5 0.150 0.300 2 0.0450 0.250 0.00000 0.00281 0.000225 0.00304
6 0.250 0.300 2 0.1500 0.300 0.00000 0.01350 0.001125 0.01463
Total Area = 1.8360 Total Axd'i = 0.00000 Total I = 0.57287
Total Moment of Inertia about CG = 0.573 m4
Torsional Stiffness : 3.050
Id. No. d b d/b k J0 = kb3d 1 0.220
4
(m) (m) (m ) 1.0600 2 0.250
1 3.0500 0.2200 13.864 0.333 0.01081
2 1.0600 0.2500 4.240 0.285 0.00473
3 1.950
3 1.9500 0.3000 6.500 0.297 0.01565 0.3
4 0.7875 0.4000 1.969 0.262 0.01321
Total torsional stiffness 0.04440 4 0.400
0.7875

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2.4. Sectional properties of Composite Precast Girder & Deck Slab : At Support
3.050
1.25
Y
1 0.22
0.15 2 2
0.037 3 3
0.175

D= 2.600 X 4 X

0.9
Y
Flexural Stiffness about major axis X-X:
CG from
Id. No. bi di N A A x d'i A x ( d'i )2 I CG(i) ICG(i)+A(d'i)2
Bottom (d'i)
(m) (m) (Nos.) (m2) (m) (m3) (m4) (m4) (m4)
1 3.0500 0.220 1 0.6710 2.7100 1.81841 4.92789 0.002706 4.93060
2 0.1750 0.150 2 0.0525 2.525 0.13256 0.33472 0.000098 0.33482
3 0.1750 0.037 2 0.0064 2.438 0.01572 0.03831 0.000000 0.03831
4 0.900 2.600 1 2.3400 1.300 3.04200 3.95460 1.318200 5.27280
Total A = 3.0699 Total Axd'i = 5.0087 Total ICG(i)+ A ( d'i )2 = 10.5765
Total A = 3.070 m2
Total CG from bottom CG = =A/Axd'i = 1.632 m
Total Moment of Inertia about CG =ICG(i) + A ( d'i )2 -Ax CG^2 = 2.405 m4
Z Top of slab =I/(D+d-CG) = 2.023 m3
Z Top of girder 2.483 m3
Zbottom of girder =I/CG = 1.474 m3
Flexural Stiffness about major axis Y-Y:
CG from
Id. No. bi di N A A x d'i A x ( d'i )2 I CG(i) ICG(i)+A(d'i)2
Centre (d'i)
(m) (m) (Nos.) (m2) (m) (m3) (m4) (m4) (m4)
1 0.220 3.050 1 0.6710 0.000 0.00000 0.00000 0.520165 0.52016
2 0.150 0.175 2 0.0525 0.538 0.00000 0.01517 0.000134 0.01530
3 0.037 0.175 2 0.0064 0.958 0.00000 0.00592 0.000011 0.00593
4 2.600 0.900 1 2.3400 0.000 0.00000 0.00000 0.157950 0.15795
Total Area = 3.0699 Total Axd'i = 0.00000 Total I = 0.69935
Total Moment of Inertia about CG = 0.699 m4
Torsional Stiffness : 3.050
Id. No. d b d/b k J0 = kb3d 1 0.220
4
(m) (m) (m ) 1.2155 2 0.187
1 3.0500 0.2200 13.864 0.333 0.01081
2 1.2155 0.1868 6.505 0.306 0.00243 3
2.413
3 2.4132 0.9000 2.681 0.257 0.45258 0.9
Total torsional stiffness 0.46582

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2.5. Sectional properties of Composite Precast Girder & Deck Slab : At flared Portion
3.050
1.25
Y
1 0.22
0.15 2 2
0.068 3 3
0.325

D= 2.600 X 4 X

0.075 5 5
0.25 6 6
0.15 0.6
0.9
Y
Flexural Stiffness about major axis X-X:
CG from
Id. No. bi di N A A x d'i A x ( d'i )2 I CG(i) ICG(i)+A(d'i)2
Bottom (d'i)
(m) (m) (Nos.) (m2) (m) (m3) (m4) (m4) (m4)
1 3.050 0.220 1 0.6710 2.710 1.81841 4.92789 0.002706 4.93060
2 0.325 0.150 2 0.0975 2.525 0.24619 0.62162 0.000183 0.62181
3 0.325 0.068 2 0.0222 2.427 0.05397 0.13100 0.000006 0.13101
4 0.600 2.600 1 1.5600 1.300 2.02800 2.63640 0.878800 3.51520
5 0.150 0.075 2 0.0113 0.275 0.00309 0.00085 0.000004 0.00085
6 0.150 0.250 2 0.0750 0.125 0.00938 0.00117 0.000391 0.00156
Total Area = 2.4370 Total Axd'i = 4.15904 Total I = 9.20103
Total CG from bottom = 1.7066 m
Total Moment of Inertia about CG = 2.1031 m4
Flexural Stiffness about major axis Y-Y:
CG from
Id. No. bi di N A A x d'i A x ( d'i )2 I CG(i) ICG(i)+A(d'i)2
Centre (d'i)
(m) (m) (Nos.) (m2) (m) (m3) (m4) (m4) (m4)
1 0.220 3.050 1 0.6710 0.000 0.00000 0.00000 0.520165 0.52016
2 0.150 0.325 2 0.0975 0.463 0.00000 0.02086 0.000858 0.02171
3 0.068 0.325 2 0.0222 0.408 0.00000 0.00371 0.000130 0.00384
4 2.600 0.600 1 1.5600 0.000 0.00000 0.00000 0.046800 0.04680
5 0.075 0.150 2 0.0113 0.350 0.00000 0.00138 0.000014 0.00139
6 0.250 0.150 2 0.0750 0.375 0.00000 0.01055 0.000141 0.01069
Total Area = 2.4370 Total Axd'i = 0.00000 Total I = 0.60460
Total Moment of Inertia about CG = 0.605 m4
Torsional Stiffness : 3.050
3
Id. No. d b d/b k J0 = kb d 1 0.220
(m) (m) 4
(m ) 1.1482 2 0.218
1 3.0500 0.2200 13.864 0.333 0.01081
2 1.1482 0.2184 5.257 0.294 0.00351
3 2.057
3 2.0566 0.6000 3.428 0.271 0.12025 0.6
4 0.8654 0.3250 2.663 0.273 0.00810
Total torsional stiffness 0.14268 4 0.325
0.8654

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2.6. Sectional Properties of intermeaiate Cross Girder Member
2.375
1 0.220

2 2.350
0.30

Flexural Stiffness about major axis X-X:

CG from
Id. No. bi di N A A x d'i A x ( d'i )2 I CG(i) ICG(i)+A(d'i)2
Bottom (d'i)
(m) (m) (Nos.) (m2) (m) (m3) (m4) (m4) (m4)
1 2.3750 0.220 1 0.5225 2.460 1.28535 3.16196 0.002107 3.16407
2 0.3000 2.350 1 0.7050 1.175 0.82838 0.97334 0.324447 1.29779
Total Area = 1.2275 Total Axd'i = 2.11373 Total I = 4.46186
Total CG from bottom = 1.7220 m
Total Moment of Inertia about CG = 0.8221 m4
Flexural Stiffness about major axis Y-Y:
CG from
Id. No. bi di N A A x d'i A x ( d'i )2 I CG(i) ICG(i)+A(d'i)2
Centre (d'i)
(m) (m) (Nos.) (m2) (m) (m3) (m4) (m4) (m4)
1 0.220 2.375 1 0.5225 0.000 0.00000 0.00000 0.245602 0.24560
2 2.350 0.300 1 0.7050 0.000 0.00000 0.00000 0.005288 0.00529
Total Area = 1.2275 Total Axd'i = 0.00000 Total I = 0.25089
Total Moment of Inertia about CG = 0.25089 m4
Torsional Stiffness :
Id. No. d b d/b k J0 = kb3d
(m) (m) (m4)
1 2.3750 0.2200 10.795 0.333 0.00842
2 2.3500 0.3000 7.833 0.303 0.01922
Total torsional stiffness 0.02764

2.7. Sectional properties of End Cross girder Member

1.688
1 0.220

2 2.350
0.90

Flexural Stiffness about major axis X-X:

CG from
Id. No. bi di N A A x d'i A x ( d'i )2 I CG(i) ICG(i)+A(d'i)2
Bottom (d'i)
(m) (m) (Nos.) (m2) (m) (m3) (m4) (m4) (m4)
1 1.6875 0.220 1 0.3713 2.460 0.91328 2.24666 0.001497 2.24815
2 0.9000 2.350 1 2.1150 1.175 2.48513 2.92002 0.973341 3.89336
Total Area = 2.4863 Total Axd'i = 3.39840 Total I = 6.14152
Total CG from bottom = 1.3669 m
Total Moment of Inertia about CG = 1.4963 m4
Flexural Stiffness about major axis Y-Y:
CG from
Id. No. bi di N A A x d'i A x ( d'i )2 I CG(i) ICG(i)+A(d'i)2
Centre (d'i)
(m) (m) (Nos.) (m2) (m) (m3) (m4) (m4) (m4)
1 0.220 1.688 1 0.3713 0.444 0.16474 0.07310 0.088099 0.16120
2 2.350 0.900 1 2.1150 0.000 0.00000 0.00000 0.142763 0.14276
Total Area = 2.4863 Total Axd'i = 0.16474 Total I = 0.30397
Total CG from bottom = 0.0663 m
Total Moment of Inertia about CG = 0.2931 m4
Torsional Stiffness :
Id. No. d b d/b k J0 = kb3d
(m) (m) (m4)
1 1.6875 0.2200 7.670 0.302 0.00543
2 2.3500 0.9000 2.611 0.256 0.43857
Total torsional stiffness 0.44400

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2.8.Summary of sectional properties of Girders

Composite Inner Precast Girder & Deck Slab Longitudinal girder End Cross Central
Desription Unit At span At support At Flared Girder Cross Girder
Cross-sectional area m2 1.8360 3.0699 2.4370 2.4863 1.2275
I about major axis X-X m4 1.8083 2.4047 2.1031 1.4963 0.8221
I about major axis Y-Y m4 0.5729 0.6993 0.6046 0.2931 0.2509
Torsional stiffness m4 0.0444 0.4658 0.1427 0.4440 0.0276
Torsional Moment of Inertia J0 = 3xb3xd3/{10x(b2+d2)}
(if b>5d<10d) 3/{10x(1+(b/d)2)}
Where, k = b = Shoter Side d = Longer Side
3
J0 = kb d
According to Timoshenko and Goodier"s Table k=
d/b k d/b k
1.00 0.141 3.00 0.263
1.20 0.166 4.00 0.281
1.50 0.196 5.00 0.291
2.00 0.229 10.00 0.312
2.25 0.240 >10.00 0.333
2.50 0.249

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3.0 Load Calculation other than dead load
3.1 SIDL - Crash Barrier - per m 150 50 200
Unit weight of concrete = 25.00 kN/m3 50
Load Weight Lever Moment g mm
Sl No Area(m2) 200
Calculation (KN) arm(m) (KN-m)
a 0.45x0.165 0.074 1.856 0.225 0.418
b 1/2x(0.5+0.25)x0.05 0.019 0.469 0.033 0.016 500 f
c (0.5+0.25)x0.2 0.150 3.750 0.150 0.563 c
d 0.25x0.05 0.013 0.313 0.275 0.086 d
e 1/2x0.25x0.15 0.019 0.469 0.350 0.164 250 b
f 1/2x0.5x0.05 0.013 0.313 0.267 0.083 e 450
g 0.100 0.150 0.015 mm
Total 0.287 7.269 1.344 165 a
Total load of crash barrier = 7.269 kN/m
Say, = 7.5 kN/m 450
Lever arm = 0.185 m from outer face 0.235 m
Distance from outer girder LG1 = (1.450+1.450)/2 -0.185-0.05 = 1.215 m 9.1131234
Distance from outer girder LG4 = (1.450+1.450)/2 -0.5-0.0-0.185-0.05 = 0.715 m 5.3631234

Dead load of Footpath - per m

Thickness of footpath finish = 100 mm Unit weight = 22 kN/m3
Dead Load of footpath at each side = 1.5x20/1000x22 = 3.30000 kN/m
Distance from outer girder LG4 = (1.450+1.450)/2 -0.5-0.0/2 = 0.950 m

Weight of Railing - per m

Dead Load of 3 nos.railing at each side = 0.175x0.2x3x25 = 2.625 kN/m
kerb = 0.25x0.5x25 = 3.125 kN/m
Dead Load of post = 0.25x0.25x1.15x25/1.5 = 1.198 kN/m
Total 6.948 kN/m
Say, = 0.0 kN/m
Distance from outer girder LG4 = (1.450+1.450)/2 -0.5/2 = 1.20 m

Weight of wearing course- per m

Unit weight of wearing course = 22 kN/m3
Thickness of wearing course including overlay = 0.1 m
Width Lever arm
Outer girder LG1 = 2.550 m =2.550x0.1x22 = 5.610 kN/m 0.325 m
Inner girder LG2 = 3.2 m = 7.040 kN/m 0 m
Inner girder LG3 = 3.2 m = 7.040 kN/m 0 m
Outer girder LG4 = 2.550 m = 5.610 kN/m 0.33 m
B. Construction Stage Live Load with shuttering:
Live load during construction = 1.5 KN/m2
Construction Live load on External Girder = 3.05*1.5 = 4.575 KN/m
Construction Live load on Internal Girder = 3.2*1.5 = 4.800 KN/m
Shuttering Load on each girder = 2 KN/m
Total load on External Girder = 6.575 KN/m
Total load on Internal Girder = 6.80 KN/m

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3.2 Wind Loads on Structure
Wind Load as per Clause 209 of IRC:6-2017
As per clause 209.3.7 the bridges shall not be considered to be carrying any live load
when the wind speed at deck level exceeds 36m/s.
Vb = design wind speed at any height = 47 m/s
Tranverse wind Force FT = PZxA1xGxCD
Longitudinal wind Force FL = 25% of FT
Vertical wind Force FV = PZxA3xGxCL
Span (c/c of exp gap) = 40.0 m
Overall width = 12.5 m
Depth of superstructure = 2.82 m
where, Pz = The design wind pressure at the location of the bridge.
A1 = Solid area as seen in elevation. =40x(2.82+0.065+1.05) = 157.40 sqm
A3 = Plan area of the Superstructure =40x12.5 = 500.00 sqm
Type of Superstructure : Two beam/Box girder
b/d ratio for the Superstructure : =3.2/2.82 = 1.1
CD = Drag coefficient for the Superstructure = 2.25
(For slab bridge, CD =1.1, For Single beam/Box girder, CD =1.5 for b/d<=2.0, CD =1.3 for b/d>=6.0 and inbetween interpolated CD to be
considered)
G = Gust Factor (If Span<=150, G=2, Otherwise Wind tunnel testing required) = 2.0
CL = Lift coefficient = 0.75

3.2.1 Wind load on Unloaded structure

a) Wind load on Superstructure
Vb = design wind speed at any height = 47 m/s
Bridge situated in : = Plain Terrain
Wind Speed & design wind pressure for Basic wind speed of 33Wind
m/s speed & design wind pr. for Basic wind speed of 47m/s
H Plain Terrain Terrain with Obstructions H Plain Terrain Terrain with Obstructions
2 2 2
(m) Vz (m/s) Pz (N/m ) Vz (m/s) Pz (N/m ) (m)
Vz (m/s) Pz (N/m ) Vz (m/s) Pz (N/m2)
10 27.8 463.7 17.8 190.5 < 10 39.6 940.6 25.4 386.4
15 29.2 512.5 19.6 230.5 15 41.6 1039.6 27.9 467.6
20 30.3 550.6 21 265.3 20 43.2 1116.9 29.9 538.2
30 31.4 590.2 22.8 312.2 30 44.7 1197.2 32.5 633.3
50 33.1 659.2 24.9 370.4 50 47.1 1337.2 35.5 751.3
60 33.6 676.3 25.6 392.9 60 47.9 1371.9 36.5 797.0
70 34.0 693.6 26.2 412.8 70 48.4 1406.9 37.3 837.4
80 34.4 711.2 26.9 433.3 80 49.0 1442.6 38.3 878.9
90 34.9 729.0 27.5 454.2 90 49.7 1478.8 39.2 921.3
100 35.3 747.0 28.2 475.6 100 50.3 1515.3 40.2 964.7
Average Height of superstructure = 15 m
Lower bound Height = 15 m Pz = = 1039.6 N/m2
Upper Bound Height = 15 m Pz = = 1039.6 N/m2
Pz = The design wind pressure at the bridge location for h= 15.000 m 1039.6 N/m2
A1 = Solid area as seen in elevation. = 157.4 sqm
A3 = Plan area of the Superstructure = 500.0 sqm
Summary of wind Force on superstructure
Tranverse wind Force FT = 1104.5 kN Longitudinal wind Force FL = 276.1 kN
Vertical wind Force FV = 779.7 kN udl = 1.559 kN/m2
UDL on girder Outer udl = 4.76 kN/m
Inner udl = 4.99 kN/m
Outer udl = 4.99 kN/m
Tranverse wind Force FT = udl = 7.02 kN/m2
udl = 27.16 kN/m

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3.2.2 Wind load on loaded structure
a) Wind load on Superstructure
Vb = design wind speed at any height = 36 m/s
Bridge situated in : = Plain Terrain
Wind Speed & design wind pressure for Basic wind speed of 33Wind
m/s speed & design wind pr. for Basic wind speed of 36m/s
H Plain Terrain Terrain with Obstructions H Plain Terrain Terrain with Obstructions
(m) Vz (m/s) Pz (N/m2) Vz (m/s) Pz (N/m2) (m) Vz (m/s) Pz (N/m2) Vz (m/s) Pz (N/m2)
10 27.8 463.7 17.8 190.5 < 10 30.33 551.84 19.42 226.71
15 29.2 512.5 19.6 230.5 15 31.85 609.92 21.38 274.31
20 30.3 550.6 21 265.3 20 33.05 655.26 22.91 315.73
30 31.4 590.2 22.8 312.2 30 34.25 702.39 24.87 371.54
50 33.1 659.2 24.9 370.4 50 36.11 784.50 27.16 440.81
60 33.6 676.3 25.6 392.9 60 36.65 804.85 27.93 467.58
70 34.0 693.6 26.2 412.8 70 37.09 825.44 28.58 491.27
80 34.4 711.2 26.9 433.3 80 37.53 846.39 29.35 515.66
90 34.9 729 27.5 454.2 90 38.07 867.57 30.00 540.54
100 35.3 747 28.2 475.6 100 38.51 888.99 30.76 566.00
Average Height of superstructure = 15 m
2
Lower bound Height = 15 m Pz = = 609.9 N/m
2
Upper Bound Height = 15 m Pz = = 609.9 N/m
2
Pz = The design wind pressure at the bridge location for h= 15.000 m 609.9 N/m
A1 = Solid area as seen in elevation. = 157.40 sqm
A3 = Plan area of the Superstructure = 500.00 sqm
Summary of wind Force on superstructure
Tranverse wind Force FT = 648.0 kN Longitudinal wind Force FL = 162.0 kN
Vertical wind Force FV = 457.4 kN udl = 0.915 kN/m2
UDL on girder Outer udl = 2.79 kN/m
Inner udl = 2.93 kN/m
Outer udl = 2.93 kN/m
Tranverse wind Force FT = udl = 4.12 kN/m2
udl = 15.93 kN/m

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3.3 Footpath Live Load- per m
As per Cl. No. 206.3(b) of IRC:6-2017, 7.5m> L (Span length)<30m
Where,
/
P= P - (40L-300)/9 P/ = 500 Kg/m
2
L= 38.00 m
2
W= 1.5 m P= 364.4 Kg/m
U.D.L. due to footpath live load at each side = 364.4x1.5/100 = 5.47 kN/m
Distance from outer girder LG4 = (1.450+1.450)/2 -0.5-0.0/2 = 1.025 m

3.5 Live Load

i) Single Lane 70-R Track Loading

0.84

2.06 2.9

0.84
0.914 0.914 0.914 0.914 0.914
4.57
3.656
Live Load Position in Plan

12.50
0.50 9.50 0.5
2.9
1.2 0.84 0.84

4.18 5.680 8.380

2.06
Live Load Position along Transverse Direction

70R Track loading have been divided by five concentrated loading

Total Vertical Load = 700 kN
Load at each units = 70 kN
Congestion Factor = 1
Impact Factor For L = 38.00 m = 10 %
Load at each units including impact = 77 kN
ii) Single Lane 70-R Wheel Loading
170 170 170 170 120 120 80
1.37 3.05 1.37 2.13 1.52 3.96

13.4

Live Load Position

12.50
0.50 9.50 0.5
2.79
1.2 0.86 0.86

4.06 5.615 8.370

1.93
Live Load Position along Tranverse Direction
As per Cl. No. 211.3 b(i) of IRC:6-2000, For L = 38.00 m = 10.23 %
Congestion Factor = 1
One wheel load including impact for 8 t = 44.09 kN
One wheel load including impact for 12 t = 66.14 kN
One wheel load including impact for 17 t = 93.69 kN
iii) Two Lane Class-A Loading
27 27 114 114 68 68 68 68
1.1 3.2 1.2 4.3 3.0 3.0 3.0

18.80

Live Load Position

20 of 96
 12.50
0.50 9.50 0.5
0.4
1.8 1.7 1.8

2.70 6.100 9.600

6.20
Live Load Position along Tranverse Direction
As per Cl. No. 211.3 b(i) of IRC:6-2000, For L = 38.00 m = 10.23 %
Congestion Factor = 1
One wheel load including impact for 2.7 t = 14.88 kN
One wheel load including impact for 11.4 t = 62.83 kN
One wheel load including impact for 6.8 t = 37.48 kN
3.6 Temperature stress
a) Temperature Rise
3200
17.3
150 A h1 =0.3h<0.15m = 150mm
70 B 4
180 C 1250 2.9 h2 =0.3h>0.1m = 250mm
-30 D <0.25m
100 E 775

F
1950 300 h= 2820 mm

150 G 600
100 H
150 I h3 =0.3h<0.15m = 150mm
2.1
900
Equivalent Beam Section Temperature Rise
Calculation of temperature stress due to Temperature Rise
Table I : Temperature Rise
y (m) from
Zone b (m) d (m) A (m2) Ay (m3) Ay2 (m4) t (0C) At(m2 0C) Aty (m3 0C)
top
A 3.2 0.15 0.4800 0.0750 0.0360 0.0027 -10.650 -5.1120 -0.3834
B 3.2 0.07 0.2240 0.1850 0.0414 0.0077 -3.440 -0.7706 -0.1426
C 1.25 0.18 0.2250 0.3100 0.0698 0.0216 1.440 0.3240 0.1004
D 1.25 -0.03 -0.0375 0.3850 -0.0144 -0.0056 0.000 0.0000 0.0000
E 0.775 0.1 0.0775 0.4200 0.0326 0.0137 0.000 0.0000 0.0000
F 0.3 1.95 0.5850 1.4450 0.8453 1.2215 0.000 0.0000 0.0000
G 0.6 0.15 0.0900 2.4950 0.2246 0.5603 0.000 0.0000 0.0000
H 0.9 0.1 0.0900 2.6200 0.2358 0.6178 0.000 0.0000 0.0000
I 0.9 0.15 0.1350 2.7450 0.3706 1.0172 -1.050 -0.1418 -0.3891
1.8690 1.8416 3.4569 -5.7003 -0.8146
E= Elastic Modulus of Concrete at service Condition = 3.5E+04 N/mm2
a = Coefficient of thermal coefficient of concrete = 1.2E-05 /0C
e0 = Eigenstress
q = Strain Gradient
The Two equations are as follows e0xSA - qxSAy = axSAt
e0xSAy - qxSAy2 = axSAyt
Solving e0 = ax{SAy xSAt-SAyxSAty}/{SAxSAy -S(Ay)2}
2 2
-= 7.1E-05
q = ax{SAyxSAt-SAxSAty}/{SAxSAy2-S(Ay)2} -= 3.5E-05
fci = E x{e0 - yq - at}
Table II : Calculation of Eigenstress due to Temperature Rise
y from top fci
Position t (0C) yxq axt
(m) (N/mm2)
Top of Deck slab 0.000 -17.30 0.00 -2.08E-04 4.81
Top of Pre-girder 0.220 -2.88 -7.72E-06 -3.46E-05 -1.02
Soffit of girder 2.820 -2.10 -9.89E-05 -2.52E-05 1.87
21 of 96
 b) Temperature Fall
3200
10.6
220 A h1 =0.2h<0.25m = 250mm
30 B 1.888
120 C 1250 0.7 h2 =0.25h<0.25m = 250mm
130 D 775 0.364
-30 E

F
1850 300 h= 2820 mm

100 G 0.32 h3 =0.25h<0.25m = 250mm

150 H 600 0.8
250 I h4 =0.2h<0.25m = 250mm
6.6
900
Equivalent Beam Section Temperature Fall
Calculation of temperature stress due to Temperature Fall
Table III : Temperature fall

y (m) from
Zone b (m) d (m) A (m2) Ay (m3) Ay2 (m4) t (0C) At(m2 0C) Aty (m3 0C)
top
A 3.2 0.22 0.7040 0.1100 0.0774 0.0085 6.2440 4.3958 0.4835
B 3.2 0.03 0.0960 0.2350 0.0226 0.0053 1.2940 0.1242 0.0292
C 1.25 0.12 0.1500 0.3100 0.0465 0.0144 0.5320 0.0798 0.0247
D 0.775 0.13 0.1008 0.4350 0.0438 0.0191 0.1820 0.0183 0.0080
E 0.775 -0.03 -0.0233 0.4850 -0.0113 -0.0055 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
F 0.3 1.85 0.5550 1.3950 0.7742 1.0800 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
G 0.3 0.1 0.0300 2.3700 0.0711 0.1685 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
H 0.6 0.15 0.0900 2.4950 0.2246 0.5603 0.4000 0.0360 0.0898
I 0.9 0.25 0.2250 2.6950 0.6064 1.6342 3.7000 0.8325 2.2436
S 1.9275 1.8553 3.4848 5.4866 2.8788
E= = 3.5E+04 N/mm2
a= = 1.2E-05 /0C
Solving e0 = ax{SAy2xSAt-SAyxSAty}/{SAxSAy2-S(Ay)2} = 5.0E-05
q0 = ax{SAyxSAt-SAxSAty}/{SAxSAy2-S(Ay)2} = 1.7E-05
fci = E x{e0 - yq - at}
Table IV : Calculation of Eigenstress due to Temperature fall
y from top fci
Position t (0C) yxq axt
(m) (N/mm2)
Top of Deck slab 0.000 10.60 0.00 1.27E-04 -2.70
Top of Pre-girder 0.220 1.89 3.73E-06 2.27E-05 0.85
Soffit of girder 2.820 6.60 4.78E-05 7.92E-05 -2.70
Hence sufficient amount Longitudinal reiforcement needs to provide in top Slab as per cl. 218.5 to control
the thermal cracking.

22 of 96
4.0 Calculation of Stresses for Girder LG1 = 39.50 m
4.1. Load calculation
4.1.1 Dead Load Moment & Shear for Precast girder only
Unit weight of concrete = 25.00 kN/m3
Cross-sectional area at span = 1.165 m2
Cross-sectional area at support = 2.399 m2
Unit Weight at span = 29.13 kN/m
Unit Weight at support = 59.97 kN/m
Thickness of intermediate Cross Girder = 0.30 m
Thickness of end Cross Girder = 0.90 m
1.250 1.950 1.250

0.475 0.15
0.1 0.037

2.6 2.200 1.950

0.15
0.25

0.3 0.3
0.9 2.300 0.9
Part of intermediate cross girder {1.25x(2.6-0.25)-(1.17-0.9x0.25)}x0.3x25 = 14.98 kN
Part of End cross girder {1.25x(2.6-0.25)-(2.40-0.9x0.25)}x0.9x25 = 17.18 kN
= 17.18 kN
= 14.98 kN = 14.98 kN
59.97 59.97
29.13
0.750 2.00 2.00 30.00 2.00 2.00 0.750

0.750 38.000 0.750

12.7 39.500
Support Reaction = 723.06 kN
Table : Maximum BM & SF at critical sections
Section At support Near L/8 Near L/4 Near 3L/8 At L/2
Dist. for prop. Section(m) 0.000 4.750 9.500 14.250 19.000
Bending Moment (kNm) -16.9 2498.2 4212.2 5245.4 5573.9
Shear Force (kN) 660.9 451.9 291.7 78.4 0.0
4.1.2 Construction load and weight of shuttering & proping.
Assume, Construction Live load = 0.500 kN/m2
Assume, UDL for weight of shuttering = 5.000 kN/m
Effective width of deck slab for end girder = 3.050 m
Weight of shuttering & Conc. Live load = 6.525 kN/m
6.525

0.750 38.00 0.750

Support Reaction = 128.87 kN
Table : Maximum BM & SF at critical sections of outer girders
Section At support Near L/8 Near L/4 Near 3L/8 At L/2
Distance 0.000 4.750 9.500 14.250 19.000
Bending Moment (kNm) -1.8 513.4 881.5 1102.3 1175.9
Shear 124.0 93.0 62.0 31.0 0.0

23 of 96
4.1.3 Dead Load Moment & Shear for Deck slab & X-girder
Unit weight of concrete = 25.000 kN/m3
Thickness of deck slab = 0.220 m2
Thickness of deck slab at expansion joint = 0.400 m
Average width of deck slab at support = 3.050 m
Wt. of End X-girder (1.95/2x(2.6-0.25))x0.9x25 = 51.553 kN
Wt of Inner X-girder (1.95/2x(2.6-0.25))x0.3x25 = 17.184 kN
= 51.553 = 17.184 = 51.553
0.55
16.775 13.73 kN/m

1.000 38.00 1.000

Support Reaction = 403.19 kN

Table : Maximum BM & SF at critical sections

Section At support Near L/8 Near L/4 Near 3L/8 At L/2
Distance 0.000 4.750 9.500 14.250 19.000
Bending Moment (kNm) -13.9 1351.7 2338.7 2947.2 3177.3
Shear 327.3 247.6 168.0 88.3 8.6

4.1.4 Summary of Bending Moment & Shear Force for outer girder
a) Bending Moment (kNm) 4.94 9.88 14.81 19.75
Description At support Near L/8 Near L/4 Near 3L/8 At L/2
Distance 0.000 4.750 9.500 14.250 19.000
1 SEISMIC X DIR 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
2 SEISMIC Y DIR 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
3 SEISMIC Z DIR 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Precast girder only -16.9 2498.2 4212.2 5245.4 5573.9
Construction load -1.8 513.4 881.5 1102.3 1175.9
Deck slab & X-girder -13.9 1351.7 2338.7 2947.2 3177.3
Crash Baarrier -4.3 377.1 530.3 631.2 705.3
Total wt of deck slab = -35.1 4226.9 7081.2 8823.8 9456.5
SIDL from staad output 112.1 509.4 873.8 1080.3 1128.2
Removal of shutter -120.4 -543.9 -925.3 -1140.9 -1193.5
Footpath live load -6.4 18.8 51.4 71.1 68.11
Live load 437.2 2208.0 4542.3 5904.3 5829.6 5829.6 SV Load
Total Live Load 437.2 2208.0 4542.3 5904.3 5829.6 5829.6
Wind load (unloaded structure) 1.3 396.5 675.3 833.0 868.66
Wind load (loaded structure) 0.8 232.9 396.5 489.0 511.4
Construction load (1.5kN/m2) -0.4 120.0 206.0 257.6 274.8
Total 437.2 2208.0 4542.3 5904.3 5829.6

b) Shear force (kN) For SIDL & Live load - Refer STAAD Output
Desription At support Near L/8 Near L/4 Near 3L/8 At L/2
1 SEISMIC X DIR 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 SEISMIC Y DIR 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
3 SEISMIC Z DIR 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Precast girder only 660.9 451.9 291.7 78.4 0.0
Deck slab & X-girder 327.3 247.6 168.0 88.3 8.6
Crash Baarrier 95.5 63.2 -12.6 43.2 8.3
Total DL 1083.7 762.7 447.1 209.8 16.9
SIDL from staad output 116.3 93.3 63.8 29.3 5.8
Footpath live load 5.0 5.7 7.1 0.9 0.1 14.2875
Live load incl. snow load 457.5 452.2 479.2 205.3 186.6
Total Live Load incl.snow load 457.5 452.2 479.2 205.3 186.6
Wind load (unloaded structure) 91.5 72.4 43.8 19.0 4.8
Wind load (loaded structure) 53.7 42.5 28.5 14.0 2.8
Construction load 29.0 21.7 14.5 7.2 0.0
Total 3348.8 2643.8 1995.7 893.5 420.4

24 of 96
4.1.5 Load Combination - Ultimate limit state
1) Dead load +SIDL+Live load
2) Dead load +SIDL+ wind load (unloaded structure)
3) Dead load +SIDL+Live load(lead) + wind load (accompany) (loaded structure)
4) Dead load +SIDL+Live load(accompany) + wind load(lead) (loaded structure)
5) Dead load +SIDL+construction Live load(leading) + wind load(accompany)
Transverse
Load Case DL SIDL Live load Wind load Long. Seismic Vertical Seismic
Seismic
1 1.35 1.75 1.5
1a 1.35 1.75 1.15
2 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5
2 (b) 1 1 1.5
3 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5 0.9
3 (b) 1 1 1.5 0.9
4 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.15 1.5
4 (b) 1 1 1.15 1.5
5 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.35 0.9
5 (b) 1 1 1.35 0.9
7 (a) 1.35 1.75 0.2 1.5 0.45 0.45
7 (b) 1.35 1.75 0.2 0.45 1.5 0.45
7 (c) 1.35 1.75 0.2 0.45 0.45 1.5
7 (d) 1 1 0.2 1.5 0.45 0.45
7 (e) 1 1 0.2 0.45 1.5 0.45
7 (f) 1 1 0.2 0.45 0.45 1.5

a) Moment At support Near L/8 Near L/4 Near 3L/8 At L/2

1 804.6 9909.8 17902.1 22659.2 23485.2
1a 651.6 9137.0 16312.3 20592.7 21444.8
2 (a) 149.9 6947.1 11683.5 14536.2 15507.8
2 (b) 78.2 5085.6 8549.7 10637.6 11351.9
3 (a) 805.3 10119.3 18259.0 23099.3 23945.4
3 (b) 733.5 8257.9 15125.2 19200.7 19789.5
4 (a) 652.8 9486.3 16907.1 21326.2 22211.9
4 (b) 581.0 7624.8 13773.3 17427.6 18055.9
5 (a) 739.7 9788.1 17577.6 22213.7 23071.0
5 (b) 667.9 7926.7 14443.9 18315.1 18915.0
7 (a) 236.2 7039.4 11997.2 14983.6 15906.6
7 (b) 236.2 7039.4 11997.2 14983.6 15906.6
7 (c) 236.2 7039.4 11997.2 14983.6 15906.6
7 (d) 164.5 5177.9 8863.4 11085.0 11750.7
7 (e) 164.5 5177.9 8863.4 11085.0 11750.7
7 (f) 164.5 5177.9 8863.4 11085.0 11750.7
Maximum 78.2 10119.3 18259.0 23099.3 23945.4
b) Shear At support Near L/8 Near L/4 Near 3L/8 At L/2
1 2352.7 1871.2 1434.0 642.4 312.8
2 (a) 1747.0 1256.7 758.0 355.5 37.1
2 (b) 1280.5 919.8 553.7 260.1 26.8
3 (a) 2401.0 1909.5 1459.6 655.0 315.3
3 (b) 1934.5 1572.6 1255.3 559.6 305.1
4 (a) 2273.1 1776.7 1309.0 591.6 251.7
4 (b) 1806.7 1439.8 1104.7 496.2 241.4
5 (a) 2332.4 1841.7 1387.8 624.2 287.3
5 (b) 1865.9 1504.8 1183.4 528.8 277.1
7 (a) 1757.9 1283.3 811.1 375.6 70.2
7 (b) 1757.9 1283.3 811.1 375.6 70.2
7 (c) 1757.9 1283.3 811.1 375.6 70.2
7 (d) 1291.4 946.4 606.7 280.2 60.0
7 (e) 1291.4 946.4 606.7 280.2 60.0
7 (f) 1291.4 946.4 606.7 280.2 60.0
Maximum 2401.0 1909.5 1459.6 655.0 315.3

25 of 96
4.1.6 Load Combination for Rare Combination (SL1)
1) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress
2) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+ wind load(lead) (unloaded structure)
3) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+Live load(lead)+wind load (accompany)
4) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+Live load(accompany)+wind load (lead)
5) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+Live load(lead)+Temperature(accompany)
6) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+Live load(accompany)+Temperature(lead)
Load Case DL SIDL Prestress Live load Wind load Temperature

1(a) 1 1.2 1.1 or 0.9

1(b) 1 1 1.1 or 0.9
2 (a) 1 1.2 1.1 or 0.9 1
2 (b) 1 1 1.1 or 0.9 1
3 (a) 1 1.2 1.1 or 0.9 1 0.6
3 (b) 1 1 1.1 or 0.9 1 0.6
4 (a) 1 1.2 1.1 or 0.9 0.75 1
4 (b) 1 1 1.1 or 0.9 0.75 1
5 (a) 1 1.2 1.1 or 0.9 1 0.6
5 (b) 1 1 1.1 or 0.9 1 0.6
6 (a) 1 1.2 1.1 or 0.9 0.75 1
6 (b) 1 1 1.1 or 0.9 0.75 1

4.2 Cable Details

Maximum midspan Moment for outer girder =
Precast Girder Only = 5573.92 kN-m
Deck Slab & Cross Girder = 3177.28 kN-m
SIDL = 1128.24 kN-m
Wind load = 306.84 kN-m
Live Load = 5829.64 kN-m
Total Moment = 16015.9 kN-m
Sectional Properties Inner Composite Girder at Midspan :-
Area - A = 1.869 m2
Moment of Inertia - I = 1.834 m4
CG from bottom = 1.835 m
Z Bottom = 1.000 m3
Assume Nos. of Cable = N
Ultimate Force of each 19T15 strands P = 4940 kN
Applied Force = 3779 kN
CG From bottom = 0.243 m
"e" from CG of Girder = 1.591 m
Assum overall Loss = 30 %
Stress at bottom of Girder = NP/A+NP*e/ZBottom-M/Zbottom = 0
N = (M/ZBottom )/(P/A+P*e/ZBottom ) = 2.85
Say, No of Cables Provided = 4.53

26 of 96
4.2.1 Calculation of Friction & Slip loss

0.600

X X X 5 0.500
2.6
5 4 0.500

4 0.230 3 0.500

1 3 2 0.230 0.500
0.150 2 1
0.250 0.400 0.250
0.9 0.9
Section at Midspan Section at Support
0.75 19.000
Y
1 19.00
0.20 3456 X 0.2
0.2 0.2
2
0.15 19.750

Cable profile in Plan

0.15
0.600 6
5
0.500
4
0.500
3
0.500 0.230
1&2 0.230
0.50 0.150
0.75 5.000 5.00 4.00 4.00 1.000
.
Cable profile in Elevation
Vertical bending of Cable 1 =Tan-1{(0.5-0.15)/(0.75+5-0.15)} = 3.576 o
Vertical bending of Cable 2 =Tan-1{(0.5+0.5-0.15-0.23)/(0.75+5+5-0.15)} = 3.576 o
Vertical bending of Cable 3 =Tan-1{(0.5+0.5+0.5-0.15-0.23-0.23)/(0.75+5+5+4-0.15)}= 4.585 o
Vertical bending of Cable 4 =Tan-1{(0.5+0.5+0.5-0.15-0.23-0.23)/(0.75+5.000+5+4-0.15)}= 4.387 o
Vertical bending of Cable 5 =Tan-1{(0.5+0.5+0.5+0.5-0.15-0.23-0.23)/(0.75+5.000+5+4-0.15)}= 4.274 o
Radius for 1 to 3 = 20 m
Horizontal bending of Cable 1 0.000 o
Horizontal bending of Cable 2 0.000 o
Position of Cable
Cable No. Anchorage Location of vertical Bending
X Y Z X Y Z
1 0.000 0.200 0.500 5.600 0.200 0.150
2 0.000 -0.200 0.500 5.600 -0.200 0.150
3 0.000 0.000 1.000 10.600 0.000 0.150
4 0.000 0.000 1.500 14.600 0.000 0.380
5 0.000 0.000 2.000 18.600 0.000 0.610

Start of Horizontal
Cable No. Bending End of Horizontal Bending Midspan
X Y Z X Y Z X Y Z
1 0.600 0.200 0.500 5.60 0.200 0.150 19.600 0.200 0.150
2 0.600 -0.200 0.500 5.600 -0.200 0.150 19.600 -0.200 0.150
3 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 19.600 0.000 0.150
4 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 19.600 0.000 0.380
5 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 19.600 0.000 0.610
6 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 19.600 0.000 0.610

27 of 96
C.G. of Cables from Bottom of girder at different Locations
Position Support L/8 L/4 3L/8 L/2
Cable No 0.600 5.350 10.100 14.850 19.600 Distance from
Cable 1 0.463 0.166 0.150 0.150 0.150 Anchorage End
Cable 2 0.463 0.166 0.150 0.150 0.150
Cable 3 0.952 0.571 0.190 0.150 0.150
Cable 4 1.454 1.090 0.725 0.361 0.380
Cable 5 1.955 1.600 1.245 0.890 0.610
Cable 6 1.955 1.600 1.245 0.890 0.610

Friction & Slip Loss

Type of Tendon = 19T/15
2
Modulous of Elasticity (E) = 195 Gpa = 1.95E+08 kN/m
Refer figure 6.3, clause no.7.9.2, table no. 18.4 of IRC 112-2011
Cross Sectional Area(A) = 2660 mm2
Ultimate Force of each 19T13 strands(Breaking load each strand =183.7 kN) = 4940.00 kN
Applied Force -P(je) = (90% of 0.1% proof load = =0.9*0.87*183.7) = 3779 kN
Cofficient of Friction (m) = 0.17 per radian
Wobble factor (k) = 0.002 per meter
Slip (DL) = 6 mm.
P(je)=P(x)e (mf+kl) or P(x)=P(je)/e (mf+kl)

Cable 1 19 T15
Deflection Force after Force after
Length (l) in
Node Link
meter
Angle (f) Radian e (mf+kl) friction loss slip loss
Degree (kN) (kN)
1 3779.10 3407.28
1-2 0.600 0.00 0.000 1.0012
2 3774.57 3411.81
2-3 5.012 3.576 0.062 1.0209
3 3697.48 3488.90
3-4 14.000 0.000 0.000 1.0284
4 3595.38 3595.38

28 of 96
 0.600 5.012 14.000
3779.10 3774.57 3697.48
1 2 3 3595.38
= 4
= 3488.90 3593.19
14.000
3407.28 3411.81
Force Diagram before & after Slip Loss
Assume Force of zero slip = 3593.189 kN
Point of Zero Slip from node 3 = 14.000 m
Area of Shaded Portion = ExAxDL = 3112.200 kN-m
Area of Shaded Portion = 3112.2 kN-m
Diferance of these two forces = 3112.2-3112.2 = 0.000 kN-m
Hence O.K.
Length of Cable = 39.224 m
Extension of cable at each side = 144.89 mm

Cable 2 19 T15
Deflection Force after Force after
Length (l) in
Node Link
meter
Angle (f) e (mf+kl) friction loss slip loss
Degree (kN) (kN)
1 3779.10 3407.28
1-2 0.600 0.00 0.000 1.0012
2 3774.57 3411.81
2-3 5.012 3.576 0.062 1.0209
3 3697.48 3488.90
3-4 14.000 0.000 0.000 1.0284
4 3595.38 3595.38
0.600 5.012 14.000
3779.10 3774.57
1 2 3697.48 3595.38
= 3
= 3593.19 4
3411.81 3488.90
3407.28 14.000
Force Diagram before & after Slip Loss
Assume Force of zero slip = 3593.19 kN
Point of Zero Slip from node 3 = 14.000 m
Area of Shaded Portion = ExAxDL = 3112.20 kN-m
Area of Shaded Portion = 3112.20 kN-m
Diferance of these two forces = 3112.2-3112.2 = 0.000 kN-m
Hence O.K.
Length of Cable = 39.224 m
Extension of cable = 144.89 mm

29 of 96
Cable 3 19 T15
Deflection Force after Force after
Length (l) in
Node Link
meter
Angle (f) Radian e (mf+kl) friction loss slip loss
Degree (kN) (kN)
1 3779.10 3456.24
1-2 10.634 0.00 0.000 1.0215
2 3699.57 3535.77
2-3 9.000 4.585 0.080 1.0321
3 3584.49 3584.49
10.634 9.000
3779.10 3699.57
1 2 3584.49
= 3
= 3617.67
3535.77 6.405
3456.24
Force Diagram before & after Slip Loss
Assume Force of zero slip = 3617.671 kN
Point of Zero Slip from node 1 = 6.405 m
Area of Shaded Portion = ExAxDL = 3112.200 kN-m
Area of Shaded Portion = 3112.2 kN-m
Diferance of these two forces = 3112.2-3112.2 = 0.00 kN-m
Hence O.K.
Length of Cable = (10.634+9)x2 = 39.268 m
Extension of cable at each side = 145.85 mm

Cable 4 12 T15
Deflection Force after Force after
Length (l) in
Node Link
meter
Angle (f) Radian e (mf+kl) friction loss slip loss
Degree (kN) (kN)
1 2386.80 2189.43
1-2 14.643 0.00 0.000 1.0297
2 2317.91 2258.31
2-3 5.000 4.387 0.077 1.0233
3 2265.18 2265.18
14.643 5.000
2386.80 2317.91
1 2 2265.18
= 3
= 2288.11
2258.31 2.825
2189.43
Force Diagram before & after Slip Loss
Assume Force of zero slip = 2288.114 kN
Point of Zero Slip from node 1 = 2.825 m
Area of Shaded Portion = ExAxDL = 1965.600 kN-m
Area of Shaded Portion = 1965.6 kN-m
Diferance of these two forces = 1965.6-1965.6 = 0.00 kN-m
Hence O.K.
Length of Cable = (14.643+5)x2 = 39.286 m
Extension of cable at each side = 146.12 mm

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Cable5 10 T15
Deflection Force after Force after
Length (l) in
Node Link
meter
Angle (f) Radian e (mf+kl) friction loss slip loss
Degree (kN) (kN)
1 1989.00 1828.46
1-2 18.652 0.00 0.000 1.0380
2 1916.17 1901.29
2-3 1.000 4.274 0.075 1.0148
3 1888.24 1888.24
18.652 1.000
1989.00 1916.17
1 2 1888.24
= 3
= 1908.73
1901.29 0.266
1828.46
Force Diagram before & after Slip Loss
Assume Force of zero slip = 1908.728 kN
Point of Zero Slip from node 1 = 0.266 m
Area of Shaded Portion = ExAxDL = 1638.000 kN-m
Area of Shaded Portion = 1638 kN-m
Diferance of these two forces = 1638-1638 = 0.00 kN-m
Hence O.K.
Length of Cable = (18.652+1)x2 = 39.304 m
Extension of cable at each side = 146.37 mm

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4.2.2 Summary of Cable Forces after Friction & Slip at different Points
Position Support L/8 L/4 3L/8 L/2
Cable No 0.600 5.350 10.100 14.850 19.600
Cable 1 3411.81 3447.69 3557.93 3559.16 3595.38
Vert. angle 3.576 3.576 3.576 0.000 0.000
Hor. angle 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
C.G. 0.463 0.166 0.150 0.150 0.150
Cable 2 3411.81 3447.69 3557.93 3559.16 3595.38
Vert. angle 3.576 3.576 3.576 0.000 0.000
Hor. angle 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
C. G. 0.463 0.166 0.150 0.150 0.150
Cable 3 3460.73 3496.25 3531.77 3567.30 3584.49
Vert. angle 4.585 4.585 4.585 4.585 0.000
Hor. angle 0.000 0.000 0.200 0.200 0.000
C. G. cable
Total 0.952 0.571 0.190 0.150 0.150
forces
Normal at 10259.99 10367.02 10622.45 10674.18 10775.25
first stage
CG of Cable 0.627 0.302 0.163 0.150 0.150

Total cable 702.27 709.58 726.18 285.14 0.00

forces Per.
Cable 4 2192.25 2214.60 2236.94 2259.29 2265.18
Vert. angle 4.387 4.387 4.387 4.387 0.000
Hor. angle 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
C. G. 1.454 1.090 0.725 0.361 0.380
Cable 5 1830.80 1849.35 1867.89 1886.44 1888.24
Vert. angle 4.274 4.274 4.274 4.274 0.000
Hor. angle 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
C. G. 1.955 1.600 1.245 0.890 0.610
Cable 6 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Vert. angle 4.274 4.274 4.274 4.274 0.000
Hor. angle 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
C. G. 1.955 1.600 1.245 0.890 0.610
Total cable
forces 2nd 4011.54 4052.31 4093.09 4133.87 4153.42
stage
CG of Cable 1.682 1.322 0.962 0.602 0.485
Total cable
forces Per.
304.12 307.21 310.30 313.39 0.00
Overall
CG of
0.924 0.589 0.385 0.276 0.243
% loss 16.4 % 15.5 % 13.8 % 13.3 % 12.7 %

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4.2.3 Length of Cables and Extension at each End
Cable No Total Length(m) Extension at each End (mm)
Cable 1 39.224 144.89
Cable 2 39.224 144.89
Cable 3 39.268 145.85
Cable 4 39.286 146.12
Cable 5 39.304 146.37
4.3 Stress Calculation of girder
After 14 days casting of Precast Girder, first stage Cables shall be stressed as per given force & elongation.
Second stage Cables shall be stressed after 28 days of casting of precast girder. After that all Precast Girders
shall be erected at bearing locations and Deck slab & X-Girder shall be cast erecting necessary shuttering from
precast girder at 60 days. After 30 days casting of Deck Slab i.e. after 90 days casting of Precast Girder,
all shuttering material shall be removed and SIDL shall be laid. In such case Precast Longitudinal Girder shall be
checked for DL of Precast Girder, wt of Deck slab, wt of X-girder at 60 days. But composite girder
(precast girder+RCC deck) shall be checked for SIDL & Live load cases.
4.3.1 Loss calculation
4.3.1.1 Loss due to Elastic Shortening
Refer clause no.6.4.2.2, Annexure A-2 of IRC 112-2011 Average loss in Cable Stress = 1/2 m f c
f cm (t) = bcc(t)f cm bcc(t) = exp{S[1-(28/(t/t1)0^0.5]}
f ck = Grade of concrete = M 50
f cm (t) = mean concrete compressive strength at age 't' days
f cm = mean concrete compressive strength at age '28' days = 60 Mpa
t = Age of concrete in days = 14 days
t1 = 1 day S = 0.25
bcc(t) = 0.90 f cm (t) = 54.10 Mpa
f ck (t) = 44.10 Mpa
corresponding Ecm = 22x(f cm/12.5)^0.3 = 34.14 Gpa
Ep = 195.00 Gpa m =Modular Ratio = Ec/Ecj = 5.71
To calculate average stress fc at CG of Cables due to Prestress and
Depth of Girder = 2.600 m Assume, Elastic Shortening = 119.84 kN/Cable
3.17 %
Area of each Cable = 2660.00 mm
2
Number of cables (cable 1 to 3) = 3.00 Nos
Sectional Properties of Precast Girder at Midspan = Sectional Properties of Precast Girder at Support =
2 2
Area = 1.165 m Area = 2.399 m
4 4
I= 0.966 m I= 1.403 m
CG = 1.305 m CG = 1.330 m
Sustained Stress of precast girder only at 14 days :-
SectionCable Force (kN) Cable CG Stress Dead Load Dead Load Total Stress at
After fr. & After fr., slip
slip loss & ES loss
T -2.17 -0.02 -2.19
End 10259.99 9900.47 0.627 -16.87 7.62
B 10.72 0.02 10.74
T -4.87 3.35 -1.52
L/8 10367.02 10007.50 0.302 2498.22 16.43
B 22.17 -3.38 18.79
T -6.90 5.65 -1.26
L/4 10622.45 10262.93 0.163 4212.21 17.69
B 24.66 -5.69 18.96
T -7.12 7.03 -0.09
3L/8 10674.18 10314.67 0.150 5245.35 16.84
B 24.97 -7.09 17.87
T -7.19 7.47 0.28
L/2 10775.25 10415.73 0.150 5573.92 16.67
B 25.21 -7.54 17.68

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 Average stress fc = (7.62+2x(16.43+17.69+16.84)+16.67)/8 = 15.78 Mpa
Average Loss of cable stress = 1/2 m fc = 45.05 Mpa
Loss of each cable due to Elastic shortening = 1/2 m fc As = 119.84 kN
-7.19 Mpa 7.47 Mpa 0.28 Mpa
> -2.26
Mpa
X X
+ = < 25.97
Mpa
Hence O.K.

25.21
Stress due to Mpa -7.54 Mpa 17.68 Mpa
Resultant
Precast 1st stage Stress due to Stress at 7
Girder stressing after DL of Girder days
Stress Diagram at Midspan of Precast Girder at 14 days of Casting of Girder
Permissible Compressive stress 0.48xfcm(t) = 25.97 MPa
Permissible tensile stress 0.7xftmj = 2.26 MPa

4.3.1.2 Loss due to Relaxation of Steel (clause no. 6.3.6 of IRC 112-2011)
Total Relaxation Loss at service condition = 3 x (1000 hr. value)
Initial force after Friction, slip & ES loss (9900+2x(10007+10263+10315)+10416)/8 = 10185.80 kN
Percentage of Initial force = 0.687 UTS
Relaxation Loss at 1000hr. for low relaxation steel = 2.34 % of initial force
Relaxation Loss at 1000hr. for low relaxation steel 10185.8/3x2.34/100 = 79.49 kN/Cable

Immediate Loss i.e 1 hr. of stressing as per Table 6.2 of IRC 112-2011, = 37 % of Total Loss
5 - 28 days Loss 14 days 336 = 42.00 % of Total Loss
28 - 60 days Loss 32 days 768 = 21.00 % of Total Loss
60 - 90 days Loss 30 days = 0.00 % of Total Loss
90 - a days Loss = 200.0 % of Total Loss
i.e. 3 x (1000 hr. value)
Immediate Loss i.e 1 hr. of stressing = 29.41 kN/Cable
5 - 28 days Loss = 33.39 kN/Cable
28 - 60 days Loss = 16.69 kN/Cable
60 - 90 days Loss = 0.00 kN/Cable
90-a days Loss = 158.98 kN/Cable
Total = 238.48 kN/Cable
238.476 6.31 %

4.3.1.3 Computation of shrinkage strain (clause no. 6.4.2.6, IRC:112 - 2011)

Total shrinkage strain, ecs = ecd + ec a
Where, ecd is drying shrinkage strain and eca is autogenous shrinkage strain
Maximum Autogenous shrinkage strain eca = 0.00008 (refer table 6.6 of IRC:112 - 2011)
The development of autogenous shrinkage with time ec a(t) = bas(t) x ec a
Where, bas(t) = 1-esp{-0.2sqrt(t)} where t is in days.
The development of dying shrinkage strain in time ecd(t) = bds(t,ts) * kh x ecd
Where, bds(t,ts) = (t-ts)/[(t-ts)+0.04sqrt(ho^3) End of curing of concrete t s = 14.00 day
kh is a coefficient depending on notional size ho
Grade of concrete = M50 Mean concrete strength fcm = 60.00 MPa
Precast Girder only
C/S area of girder at span A c = 1.165 m2 Perimeter in contact with air u = 8.492 m
Nominal size of precast member h 0=2Ac/u = 274.39 mm
Composite Girder
C/S area of comp. girder at span A c = 1.869 m2 Perimeter in contact with air u = 12.832 m
Nominal size of member h0=2Ac/u = 291.31 mm
The drying shrinkage strain e cd,0 =0.85*((220+110*ads1)*EXP(-ads2*fcm/fcm,o))*b RH/10^6 = 0.0003
Coefficient ads1 (normal cement) = 4.0 Coefficient a ds2 (normal cement) = 0.12
The coefficient b RH = 1.55 x [1-RH/Rho]^3 = 1.02 fcmo = 12.50
Relative humidity of enviroment RH = 70.0 % RHo = 100 %

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 These are expected mean values, with a coefficient of variation of about 30 percent.
Loss of Prestress due to creep, shrinkage and relaxation as per Euro code
DPc+s+r = AP + DsPc+s+r = Ap * (ecs*EP+0.8*DPr+EP/Ecm*f(t,to)*scQP)
1+EP/Ecm*AP/Ac*(1+Ac/Ic*Zcp^2)*(1+0.8*f(t,to))
Development of shrinkage of concrete
Autogenous Drying
Nominal size of Shrinkage Loss due to
Days shrinkage factor
member h0 (mm)
shrinkage factor kh
strain shrinkage
bas(t) bas(t)
14 0.000 0 0.000 0.000 0.000000 0.00
28 0.653 274 0.071 0.776 0.000072 35.67
60 0.788 291 0.202 0.759 0.000123 25.17
90 0.850 291 0.295 0.759 0.000157 16.86
36500 1.000 291 0.995 0.759 0.000390 115.25
Total 192.949 5.11 %

4.3.1.4 Computation of creep coefficients (clause no. 6.4.2.7, IRC:112 - 2011)

Grade of concrete = M50 Mean concrete strength fcm = 60.00 MPa
The creep coefficient f(t,to) = fo x bc(t,to) as per A2-14of IRC:112 - 2011
Where, fo = fRH x b(fcm) x b(to)
fRH = 1+(1-RH/100)/{0.1*(ho)^1/3} for fcm <= 45MPa
fRH = [1+(1-RH/100)/{0.1*(ho)^1/3} x a1] x a2 for fcm > 45MPa
The coefficient a 1 =(43.75/fcm)^0.7 = 0.80
The coefficient a 2 =(43.75/fcm)^0.2 = 0.94
The coefficient b (fcm) = 18.78/sqrt(fcm) = 2.42
The coefficient b (t0) = 1/(0.1+to^0.2) = 0.56
Where, age of concrete at first loading t 0 = 14 day
bc(t,to) =[(t-to)/(bH +t-to)]^0.3
bH = = 1.5 x [1+(0.012RH)^18] x ho + 250 <= 1500 for fcm <= 35MPa
= 1.5 x [1+(0.012RH)^18] x ho + 250a3 <= 1500a3 for fcm <= 35MPa
The coefficient a 3 =(43.75/fcm)^0.5 = 0.85
For temperature greater than 40oC theby 10% in absence of accurate data coefficient may be increased by 10%
in absence of accurate data. This is valid for concrete using normal cement.
Development of creep
Loss due to
Creep
Days h0 (mm) fRH fo bH bc(t,to) creep of
coeff. fo concrete
14 0 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.00
28 274 1.29 1.737 642.90 0.315 0.602 137.62
60 291 1.28 1.728 669.39 0.439 0.834 63.64
90 291 1.28 1.728 669.39 0.504 0.958 24.81
36500 291 1.28 1.728 669.39 0.995 1.890 179.85
Total 405.93 10.74 %

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4.3.2 Sustained Stress of precast girder at 28 days after stressing of cable
Losses:- Shrinkage = 35.67 kN/Cable
Relaxation = 62.80 kN/Cable
Creep = 137.62 kN/Cable
Total = 236.09 kN/Cable
Total Loss for 3 Cables = 708.27 kN
f ck for 28 days strength = M 50 Modulus of elasticity Ecm 35220 MPa
m =Modular Ratio = Ecm/Ecj = 5.54
Stressing of cable no. 4
Elastic Shortening = 46.72 kN/Cable Nomber of cables 1.526 Nos
Relaxation = 29.41 kN/Cable Depth of Girder 2.6 m
Total = 76.14 kN/Cable
Sectional Properties of Precast Girder at Midspan = Sectional Properties of Precast Girder at Support =
2 2
Area = 1.165 m Area = 2.399 m
4 4
I= 0.966 m I= 1.403 m
CG = 1.305 m CG = 1.330 m
Stress at loss bet. 5 Cable CG Stress due to Cable Force (kN) Cable CG Stress Total Stress Stress at cable
After fr.,
Section
After fr. & slip & ES
slip loss loss
T -2.19 0.19 2.87 0.87
End -848.44 0.627 4011.54 3895.33 1.682 7.90
B 10.74 -0.92 0.32 10.14
T -1.52 0.41 3.47 2.35
L/8 -848.44 0.302 4052.31 3936.11 1.322 18.13
B 18.79 -1.88 3.29 20.20
T -1.26 0.57 1.58 0.89
L/4 -848.44 0.163 4093.09 3976.88 0.962 20.85
B 18.96 -2.04 5.26 22.18
T -0.09 0.59 -0.34 0.15
3L/8 -848.44 0.150 4133.87 4017.66 0.602 21.77
B 17.87 -2.05 7.27 23.09
T 0.28 0.59 -0.98 -0.11
L/2 -848.44 0.150 4153.42 4037.21 0.485 22.20
B 17.68 -2.05 7.95 23.57
Average stress ss at CG of cables for 28 days = (7.9+2x(18.13+20.85+21.77)+22.2)/8 = 18.95 Mpa
Loss of cable stress = m (fc-fc') = 17.57 Mpa
Loss of each cable due to Elastic shortening = m fc As = 46.72 kN

0.28 Mpa 0.59 Mpa -0.98 Mpa 0.15 Mpa

> -2.46
Mpa
+ + =
< 25.00
Mpa
17.68
Resultant Mpa -2.05
Stress due to Mpa 7.95
Stress due to Mpa Resultant 23.57 Mpa Hence O.K.
Stress at loss between 5 stressing of Stress at 28

Stress Diagram at Midspan of Precast Girder at 28 days of Casting of Girder

Permissible Compressive stress 0.5xfcm = 25.00 MPa

Permissible tensile stress 0.7xftmj = 2.46 MPa

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4.3.3. Sustained Stress of precast girder at 60 days after Casting of Deck with X-Girder
Losses for first 3 cables:- Losses for last 1.474 cable:-
Shrinkage = 25.17 kN/Cable Shrinkage = 25.17 kN/Cable
Relaxation = 16.69 kN/Cable Relaxation = 50.08 kN/Cable
Creep = 63.64 kN/Cable Creep = 63.64 kN/Cable
Total = 105.51 kN/Cable Total = 138.89 kN/Cable
actual time dependent losses = 105.51 kN/Cable actual time dependent losses = 138.89 kN/Cable
Total Loss of 4 Cables = 528.52 kN Actual Loss of third Cables = 212.00 kN
Depth of Precast Girder = 2.600 m
Sectional Properties of Precast Girder at Midspan = Sectional Properties of Precast Girder at Support =
2 2
Area = 1.165 m Area = 2.399 m
4 4
I= 0.966 m I= 1.403 m
CG = 1.305 m CG = 1.330 m

Stress at Cable CG Stress due Total Moment Stress

Section 28 days Stress
loss bet. 28 - from soffit to loss due to slab due to slab Total Stress Stress at cable
(kN/m2) 60 days (kN) (m) (Mpa) (kN/m2) (kN-m) (Mpa) (Mpa) CG (Mpa)
Top of girder 0.87 -0.03 0.84 -0.01 0.83
End -528.52 0.924 -15.70 6.57
Bottom 10.14 -0.42 9.72 0.01 9.73
Top of girder 2.35 0.05 2.41 2.50 4.91
L/8 -528.52 0.589 1865.09 14.04
Bottom 20.20 -0.97 19.24 -2.52 16.71
Top of girder 0.89 0.20 1.09 4.32 5.41
L/4 -528.52 0.385 3220.17 15.04
Bottom 22.18 -1.11 21.07 -4.35 16.72
Top of girder 0.15 0.28 0.43 5.43 5.86
3L/8 -528.52 0.276 4049.54 15.31
Bottom 23.09 -1.19 21.90 -5.47 16.43
Top of girder -0.11 0.30 0.19 5.84 6.02
L/2 -528.52 0.243 4353.21 15.49
Bottom 23.57 -1.21 22.35 -5.89 16.47
Average stress ss at CG of cables for 60 days = (6.57+2x(14.04+15.04+15.31)+15.49)/8 = 13.86 Mpa

-0.11 Mpa 0.30 Mpa 5.84 Mpa 6.02 Mpa

> -2.46
Mpa

+ + =
< 25.00
Mpa
23.57
Resultant Mpa -1.21
Stress due to Mpa -5.89
Stress due to Mpa Resultant 16.47 Mpa Hence O.K.
Stress at loss between DL of Slab & Stress at 60

Stress Diagram at Midspan of Precast Girder at 60 days of Casting of Girder

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4.3.4 Sustained stress of composite girder at 90 days
After 30 days casting of Deck Slab i.e.after 90 days casting of Precast Girder, Shuttering to be removed and
Apply of SIDL shall be done.
fck for precast girder at 90 days of Concrete I.e. 100% of fc = 50 Mpa
Ecj = 35.2 Gpa Es = 195 Gpa
m =Modular Ratio = Ec/Ecj = 5.54
Area of each Cable = 2660.00 mm2
Depth of Composite Girder = 2.820 m
Depth of Precast Girder = 2.600 m
Thickness of deck slab = 220 mm

Sectional Properties of Composite Girder at Midspan = Sectional Properties of Composite Girder at Support =
2 2
Area = 1.836 m Area = 3.070 m
4 4
I= 1.808 m I= 2.405 m
CG = 1.819 m CG = 1.632 m
Losses:- Shrinkage = 16.86 kN/Cable
Relaxation = 0.00 kN/Cable
Creep = 24.81 kN/Cable
Total = 41.67 kN/Cable
Total Loss = 188.63 kN/Cable
actual time dependent losses = 188.63 kN
Total Stress
Stress due CG of Cables Stress due Moment due due to Total Stress at
Section
at 60 days Loss of from soffit to loss to SIDL SIDL Stress cable CG
(Mpa) Cables (kN) (m) (Mpa) (kN-m) (Mpa) (Mpa) (Mpa)
Top of slab 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Top of girder 0.83 -0.01 -8.36 0.00 0.81
End -188.63 0.924 6.47
Bottom 9.73 -0.15 0.01 9.59
Top of slab 0.00 0.03 -0.02 0.01
Top of girder 4.91 0.00 -34.50 -0.01 4.89
L/8 -188.63 0.589 13.80
Bottom 16.71 -0.34 0.03 16.41
Top of slab 0.00 0.05 -0.03 0.02
Top of girder 5.41 0.01 -51.55 -0.02 5.40
L/4 -188.63 0.385 14.77
Bottom 16.72 -0.37 0.05 16.40
Top of slab 0.00 0.06 -0.03 0.02
Top of girder 5.86 0.02 -60.59 -0.03 5.85
3L/8 -188.63 0.276 15.01
Bottom 16.43 -0.40 0.06 16.09
Top of slab 0.00 0.06 -0.04 0.03
Top of girder 6.02 0.03 -65.24 -0.03 6.02
L/2 -188.63 0.243 15.19
Bottom 16.47 -0.40 0.07 16.13
Average stress at 90 days = (6.47+2x(13.8+14.77+15.01)+15.19)/8 = 13.60 Mpa
0.00 Mpa 0.06 -0.04 Mpa 0.03 Mpa
6.02 0.03 Mpa -0.03 6.02 Mpa
Mpa Mpa

+ + =

16.47 -0.40 Mpa 0.07 Mpa 16.13 Mpa

Resultant
Resultant Loss of Cables
Stress due to SIDL Stress at 90
Stress at between 60 to
days
60 days 90 days

Stress Diagram at Midspan of Composite Girder at 90 days

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4.3.5 Sustained Stress of composite girder at a days :-
Losses:- Shrinkage = 115.25 kN/Cable
Relaxation = 158.98 kN/Cable
Creep = 179.85 kN/Cable
Total = 454.08 kN/Cable
Total Loss = 2055.33 kN/Cable
actual time dependent losses = 2055.33 kN

Total Stress
Section Total Stress Loss bet. 90 Stress due at a days Stress at
at 90 days days-a days CG of Cables to loss without live cable CG
(Mpa) (kN) from soffit (m) (Mpa) load (Mpa) (Mpa)
Top of slab 0.00 0.05 0.05
Top of girder 0.81 -0.08 0.73
End -2055.33 0.924 5.37
Bottom 9.59 -1.66 7.93
Top of slab 0.01 0.28 0.29
Top of girder 4.89 -0.03 4.86
L/8 -2055.33 0.589 10.97
Bottom 16.41 -3.66 12.75
Top of slab 0.02 0.51 0.53
Top of girder 5.40 0.15 5.55
L/4 -2055.33 0.385 11.31
Bottom 16.40 -4.08 12.31
Top of slab 0.02 0.64 0.66
Top of girder 5.85 0.25 6.10
3L/8 -2055.33 0.276 11.18
Bottom 16.09 -4.31 11.79
Top of slab 0.03 0.67 0.70
Top of girder 6.02 0.28 6.30
L/2 -2055.33 0.243 11.25
Bottom 16.13 -4.38 11.76
Average stress at a days = (5.37+2x(10.97+11.31+11.18)+11.25)/8 = 10.44 Mpa
0.03 Mpa 0.67 0.70 Mpa
6.02 Mpa 0.28 Mpa 6.30 Mpa < 18 Mpa
Mpa Hence O.K.

+ =

16.13 Mpa -4.38 Mpa 11.76 Mpa > -1.64 Mpa

Hence O.K.
Loss of Cables Resultant
Resultant
Stress at inbet. 90 to a Stress at a
90 days days days

Stress Diagram at Midspan of Composite Girder with SIDL without Live Load at a days

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4.3.6 Stress of composite girder due to live load

Total Live Load Total Stress

Section Total Stress Moment incl Stress due to Stress due to at a days
without live snow load(kN- 0.6 x Wind load Live Load wind Load with live load
load (Mpa) m) (kN-m) (Mpa) (Mpa) (Mpa)
Top of slab 0.05 0.22 0.00 0.27
Top of girder 0.73 437.22 0.46 0.18 0.00 0.91
End
Bottom 7.93 -0.30 0.00 7.63
Top of slab 0.29 1.22 0.08 1.59
Top of girder 4.86 2207.98 139.72 0.95 0.06 5.88
L/8
Bottom 12.75 -2.22 -0.14 10.39
Top of slab 0.53 2.51 0.13 3.18
Top of girder 5.55 4542.28 237.89 1.96 0.10 7.62
L/4
Bottom 12.31 -4.57 -0.24 7.51
Top of slab 0.66 3.27 0.16 4.09
Top of girder 6.10 5904.34 293.40 2.55 0.13 8.78
3L/8
Bottom 11.79 -5.94 -0.30 5.55
Top of slab 0.70 3.23 0.17 4.10
Top of girder 6.30 5829.64 306.84 2.52 0.13 8.95
L/2
Bottom 11.76 -5.86 -0.31 5.58

0.70 Mpa 3.23 Mpa 4.10 Mpa

6.30 Mpa 2.52 8.95 Mpa < 18.00 Mpa
Mpa Hence O.K.

+ =

11.76 Mpa -5.86 Mpa 5.58 Mpa > -1.64 Mpa

Resultant Resultant
Stress due to
Stress at
Live Load Stress at a
a days days
Hence O.K.

Stress Diagram at Midspan of Composite Girder with SIDL & Live Load at a days
Permissible compressive stress in concrete at service = 0.36 x fck = 18.00 Mpa > 9.0 Mpa
Permissible Tensile stress in concrete at service = -1.64 Mpa < 0.3 Mpa Hence O.K.

4.3.7 Summary of Stresses for Precast girder only

Sectional Properties of Precast Girder
Precast Girder Midspan Support Composite Girder Midspan Support
Area = 1.165 2.399 m2 Area = 1.836 3.070 m2
I= 0.966 1.403 m4 I= 1.808 2.405 m4
CG = 1.305 1.330 m CG = 1.819 1.632 m
Z Top of slab = 1.806 2.023 m3
Z Top = 0.746 1.105 m 3 Z Top = 2.315 2.483 m3
Zbottom = 0.740 1.055 m3 Zbottom = 0.994 1.474 m3

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Section
DL of girder+ deck slab Prestressing force & Loss SIDL
Loss of
Moment Stress Prestress CG of cables Loss of pre. Stress Moment (kN- Stress
comp. girder
(kN-m) (Mpa) (kN) (m) Girder (kN) (Mpa) m) (Mpa)
(kN)
Top of slab 0.07 0.06
Top of girder -0.03 0.51 0.05
End -35.07 14271.52 0.924 -1324.17 -2984.48 112.08
Bottom 0.03 7.98 -0.08
Top of slab 0.41 0.28
Top of girder 5.67 -1.38 0.22
L/8 4226.94 14419.33 0.589 -1324.17 -2984.48 509.38
Bottom -5.71 18.61 -0.51
Top of slab 0.74 0.48
Top of girder 9.49 -4.80 0.38
L/4 7081.22 14715.54 0.385 -1324.17 -2984.48 873.76
Bottom -9.57 22.22 -0.88
Top of slab 0.92 0.60
Top of girder 11.83 -6.67 0.47
3L/8 8823.80 14808.05 0.276 -1324.17 -2984.48 1080.33
Bottom -11.93 24.08 -1.09
Top of slab 0.98 0.62
Top of girder 12.68 -7.29 0.49
L/2 9456.50 14928.67 0.243 -1324.17 -2984.48 1128.24
Bottom -12.78 24.86 -1.13

Section Live load Wind load - loaded structure Temp (+ve) Temp (-ve)
Moment Stress Moment (kN- Stress Stress Stress
(kN-m) (Mpa) m) (Mpa) (Mpa) (Mpa)
Top of slab 0.22 0.00 4.81 -2.70
Top of girder 0.18 0.00 -1.02 0.85
End 437.22 0.46
Bottom -0.30 0.00 1.87 -2.70
Top of slab 1.22 0.08 4.81 -2.70
Top of girder 0.95 0.06 -1.02 0.85
L/8 2207.98 139.72
Bottom -2.22 -0.14 1.87 -2.70
Top of slab 2.51 0.13 4.81 -2.70
Top of girder 1.96 0.10 -1.02 0.85
L/4 4542.28 237.89
Bottom -4.57 -0.24 1.87 -2.70
Top of slab 3.27 0.16 4.81 -2.70
Top of girder 2.55 0.13 -1.02 0.85
3L/8 5904.34 293.40
Bottom -5.94 -0.30 1.87 -2.70
Top of slab 3.23 0.17 4.81 -2.70
Top of girder 2.52 0.13 -1.02 0.85
L/2 5829.64 306.84
Bottom -5.86 -0.31 1.87 -2.70

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4.3.8 Load Combination for Rare Combination (SL1)
1) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress
2) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+ wind load(lead) (unloaded structure)
3) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+Live load(lead)+wind load (accompany)
4) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+Live load(accompany)+wind load (lead)
5) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+Live load(lead)+Temperature(accompany)
6) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+Live load(accompany)+Temperature(lead)
a) Load combination
Load
1 (a) 1 (b) 2 (a) 2 (b) 3 (a) 3 (b) 4 (a) 4 (b) 5 (a)
Case
DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2
Prestress 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9
Live load 1 1 0.75 0.75 1
Wind
load 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 1 1
Temp
(+ve) 0.6
Temp (-
ve)

Load
5 (b) 5 (c) 5 (d) 6 (a) 6 (b) 6 (c) 6 (d)
Case
DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1
Prestress 0.9
0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9
Live load 1 1 1 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75
Wind
load
Temp
(+ve) 0.6 1 1
Temp (-
ve) 0.6 0.6 1 1

Load
7 (a) 7 (b) 8 (a) 8 (b) 9 (a) 9 (b) 10 (a) 10 (b) 11 (a)
Case
DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2
Prestress 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
Live load 1 1 0.75 0.75 1
Wind
load 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 1 1
Temp
(+ve) 0.6
Temp (-
ve)

Load
11 (b) 11 (c) 11 (d) 12 (a) 12 (b) 12 (c) 12 (d)
Case
DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1
Prestress 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
Live load 1 1 1 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75
Wind
load
Temp
(+ve) 0.6 1 1
Temp (-
ve) 0.6 0.6 1 1

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b) Stresses of girder at different load casees
Section 1 (a) 1 (b) 2 (a) 2 (b) 3 (a) 3 (b) 4 (a) 4 (b) 5 (a)
Top of slab 0.13 0.12 0.13 0.12 0.35 0.34 0.29 0.28 3.23
Top of girder 0.49 0.48 0.49 0.48 0.66 0.65 0.62 0.61 0.05
End
Bottom 7.12 7.14 7.12 7.14 6.82 6.84 6.90 6.91 7.94
Top of slab 0.71 0.65 0.75 0.70 1.97 1.92 1.70 1.64 4.81
Top of girder 4.69 4.64 4.72 4.68 5.68 5.63 5.46 5.42 5.03
L/8
Bottom 10.42 10.53 10.34 10.44 8.12 8.22 8.62 8.72 9.32
Top of slab 1.25 1.15 1.33 1.23 3.84 3.75 3.27 3.17 6.65
Top of girder 5.63 5.55 5.69 5.61 7.65 7.57 7.20 7.13 6.98
L/4
Bottom 9.37 9.55 9.23 9.41 4.66 4.84 5.71 5.88 5.92
Top of slab 1.55 1.43 1.65 1.53 4.92 4.80 4.16 4.04 7.70
Top of girder 6.39 6.29 6.46 6.37 9.01 8.92 8.43 8.33 8.33
3L/8
Bottom 8.44 8.66 8.26 8.48 2.33 2.54 3.69 3.91 3.62
Top of slab 1.63 1.51 1.73 1.61 4.96 4.83 4.22 4.10 7.74
Top of girder 6.70 6.60 6.78 6.68 9.30 9.20 8.72 8.62 8.61
L/2
Bottom 8.23 8.46 8.04 8.27 2.18 2.41 3.52 3.75 3.49

Section 5 (b) 5 (c ) 5 (d) 6 (a) 6 (b) 6 (c) 6 (c) Max comp. Max Tension
Top of slab 3.22 -1.27 -1.28 5.10 5.09 -2.41 -2.42 5.10 -2.42
Top of girder 0.04 1.17 1.16 -0.40 -0.41 1.47 1.46 1.47 -0.41
End
Bottom 7.96 5.21 5.22 8.76 8.78 4.20 4.22 8.78 4.20
Top of slab 4.75 0.31 0.25 6.43 6.37 -1.08 -1.14 6.43 -1.14
Top of girder 4.98 6.15 6.10 4.38 4.34 6.25 6.21 6.25 4.34
L/8
Bottom 9.42 6.58 6.69 10.62 10.73 6.06 6.16 10.73 6.06
Top of slab 6.55 2.14 2.05 7.94 7.84 0.43 0.34 7.94 0.34
Top of girder 6.90 8.10 8.02 6.08 6.01 7.95 7.87 8.10 5.55
L/4
Bottom 6.10 3.19 3.36 7.81 7.99 3.25 3.43 9.55 3.19
Top of slab 7.58 3.20 3.08 8.81 8.69 1.30 1.18 8.81 1.18
Top of girder 8.23 9.45 9.35 7.28 7.19 9.15 9.06 9.45 6.29
3L/8
Bottom 3.84 0.88 1.10 5.85 6.07 1.29 1.51 8.66 0.88
Top of slab 7.62 3.24 3.11 8.86 8.73 1.35 1.22 8.86 1.22
Top of girder 8.51 9.73 9.63 7.57 7.47 9.44 9.34 9.73 6.60
L/2
Bottom 3.71 0.75 0.97 5.70 5.92 1.14 1.36 8.46 0.75

Section 7 (a) 7 (b) 8 (a) 8 (b) 9 (a) 9 (b) 10 (a) 10 (b) 11 (a)
Top of slab 0.15 0.13 0.15 0.13 0.36 0.35 0.31 0.30 3.24
Top of girder 0.59 0.58 0.59 0.58 0.76 0.76 0.72 0.71 0.15
End
Bottom 8.72 8.73 8.72 8.73 8.42 8.43 8.49 8.51 9.54
Top of slab 0.79 0.73 0.83 0.78 2.06 2.00 1.78 1.72 4.89
Top of girder 4.41 4.36 4.44 4.40 5.40 5.35 5.18 5.14 4.75
L/8
Bottom 14.15 14.25 14.06 14.16 11.84 11.94 12.34 12.44 13.04
Top of slab 1.40 1.30 1.48 1.38 3.99 3.90 3.42 3.32 6.80
Top of girder 4.67 4.59 4.73 4.65 6.69 6.61 6.24 6.17 6.02
L/4
Bottom 13.82 13.99 13.67 13.85 9.11 9.28 10.15 10.33 10.37
Top of slab 1.73 1.61 1.83 1.71 5.10 4.98 4.35 4.23 7.89
Top of girder 5.05 4.96 5.13 5.04 7.68 7.59 7.09 7.00 6.99
3L/8
Bottom 13.26 13.47 13.08 13.30 7.14 7.36 8.51 8.73 8.44

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Top of slab 1.83 1.70 1.93 1.80 5.16 5.03 4.42 4.29 7.94
Top of girder 5.24 5.14 5.32 5.22 7.84 7.74 7.26 7.17 7.15
L/2
Bottom 13.20 13.43 13.02 13.24 7.15 7.38 8.50 8.72 8.46

Section 11 (b) 11 (c) 11 (d) 12 (a) 12 (b) 12 (c) 12 (d) Max comp. Max Tension
Top of slab 3.23 -1.26 -1.27 5.11 5.10 -2.39 -2.41 5.11 -2.41
Top of girder 0.15 1.27 1.27 -0.30 -0.31 1.57 1.56 1.57 -0.31
End
Bottom 9.55 6.80 6.82 10.36 10.37 5.80 5.81 10.37 5.80
Top of slab 4.84 0.39 0.33 6.51 6.45 -1.00 -1.05 6.51 -1.05
Top of girder 4.71 5.87 5.83 4.11 4.06 5.97 5.93 5.97 4.06
L/8
Bottom 13.15 10.31 10.41 14.35 14.45 9.78 9.89 14.45 9.78
Top of slab 6.70 2.29 2.20 8.09 7.99 0.58 0.49 8.09 0.49
Top of girder 5.94 7.14 7.06 5.12 5.05 6.99 6.91 7.14 4.59
L/4
Bottom 10.54 7.63 7.81 12.26 12.43 7.69 7.87 13.99 7.63
Top of slab 7.77 3.38 3.26 8.99 8.87 1.48 1.36 8.99 1.36
Top of girder 6.90 8.11 8.02 5.95 5.86 7.82 7.72 8.11 4.96
3L/8
Bottom 8.66 5.70 5.92 10.67 10.89 6.11 6.32 13.47 5.70
Top of slab 7.81 3.43 3.31 9.05 8.93 1.54 1.42 9.05 1.42
Top of girder 7.05 8.27 8.17 6.11 6.02 7.98 7.88 8.27 5.14
L/2
Bottom 8.68 5.72 5.95 10.67 10.90 6.11 6.33 13.43 5.72
Permissible compressive stress in concrete at service = 0.48 x fck = 24.00 Mpa > 14.4 Mpa
Permissible Tensile stress in concrete at service = -2.46 Mpa < 0.75 Mpa Hence O.K.
Stress with/without Live load at top of deck slab near support section only exceeds the permissible tensile stress i.e. 2.29Mpa.
Necessary reinforcement shall be provided to resist the tensile stress of deck slab.
Maximum tensile force = -1024.78 kN Permissible working stress = 240.00 MPa
2
Area of reinforcement required = 3713.0 mm2 Ast provided= 6031.86 mm
Hence Provide 12 T @ 120 c/c +10 T @ 120 c/c at top

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4.3.9 Load Combination for frequent Combination (SL2) - for prestressing member
1) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress
2) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+ wind load(lead) (unloaded structure)
3) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+Live load(lead)+wind load (accompany)
4) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+Live load(accompany)+wind load (lead)
5) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+Live load(lead)+Temperature(accompany)
6) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+Live load(accompany)+Temperature(lead)
a) Load combination
Load
1 (a) 1 (b) 2 (a) 2 (b) 3 (a) 3 (b) 4 (a) 4 (b) 5 (a)
Case
DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2
Prestress 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9
Live load 0.75 0.75 0.2 0.2 0.75
Wind
load 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6
Temp
(+ve) 0.5
Temp (-
ve)

Load
5 (b) 5 (c) 5 (d) 6 (a) 6 (b) 6 (c) 6 (d)
Case
DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1
Prestress 0.9
0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9
Live load 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Wind
load
Temp
(+ve) 0.5 0.6 0.6
Temp (-
ve) 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6

Load
7 (a) 7 (b) 8 (a) 8 (b) 9 (a) 9 (b) 10 (a) 10 (b) 11 (a)
Case
DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2
Prestress 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
Live load 0.75 0.75 0.2 0.2 0.75
Wind
load 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6
Temp
(+ve) 0.5
Temp (-
ve)

Load
11 (b) 11 (c) 11 (d) 12 (a) 12 (b) 12 (c) 12 (d)
Case
DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1
Prestress 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
Live load 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Wind
load
Temp
(+ve) 0.5 0.6 0.6
Temp (-
ve) 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6

45 of 96
b) Stresses of girder at different load casees
Section 1 (a) 1 (b) 2 (a) 2 (b) 3 (a) 3 (b) 4 (a) 4 (b) 5 (a)
Top of slab 0.13 0.12 0.13 0.12 0.29 0.28 0.17 0.16 2.70
Top of girder 0.49 0.48 0.49 0.48 0.62 0.61 0.52 0.51 0.11
End
Bottom 7.12 7.14 7.12 7.14 6.90 6.91 7.06 7.08 7.83
Top of slab 0.71 0.65 0.75 0.70 1.66 1.60 1.00 0.94 4.02
Top of girder 4.69 4.64 4.72 4.68 5.43 5.39 4.91 4.87 4.89
L/8
Bottom 10.42 10.53 10.34 10.44 8.69 8.79 9.89 10.00 9.69
Top of slab 1.25 1.15 1.33 1.23 3.20 3.10 1.83 1.73 5.54
Top of girder 5.63 5.55 5.69 5.61 7.15 7.07 6.08 6.00 6.59
L/4
Bottom 9.37 9.55 9.23 9.41 5.83 6.00 8.32 8.49 6.88
Top of slab 1.55 1.43 1.65 1.53 4.08 3.96 2.30 2.18 6.40
Top of girder 6.39 6.29 6.46 6.37 8.36 8.27 6.97 6.88 7.79
3L/8
Bottom 8.44 8.66 8.26 8.48 3.84 4.06 7.08 7.29 4.92
Top of slab 1.63 1.51 1.73 1.61 4.14 4.01 2.38 2.25 6.45
Top of girder 6.70 6.60 6.78 6.68 8.65 8.56 7.28 7.19 8.08
L/2
Bottom 8.23 8.46 8.04 8.27 3.68 3.90 6.87 7.10 4.76

Section 5 (b) 5 (c ) 5 (d) 6 (a) 6 (b) 6 (c) 6 (c) Max comp. Max Tension
Top of slab 2.68 -1.06 -1.07 3.06 3.05 -1.45 -1.46 3.06 -1.46
Top of girder 0.10 1.04 1.03 -0.09 -0.10 1.03 1.02 1.04 -0.10
End
Bottom 7.85 5.55 5.57 8.18 8.20 5.44 5.46 8.20 5.44
Top of slab 3.97 0.27 0.21 3.83 3.78 -0.67 -0.73 4.02 -0.73
Top of girder 4.85 5.82 5.78 4.27 4.22 5.39 5.34 5.82 4.22
L/8
Bottom 9.79 7.41 7.51 11.10 11.20 8.36 8.46 11.20 7.41
Top of slab 5.44 1.78 1.69 4.64 4.54 0.13 0.03 5.54 0.03
Top of girder 6.51 7.52 7.45 5.41 5.33 6.53 6.45 7.52 5.33
L/4
Bottom 7.06 4.60 4.77 9.58 9.75 6.84 7.02 9.75 4.60
Top of slab 6.28 2.65 2.53 5.09 4.97 0.58 0.46 6.40 0.46
Top of girder 7.70 8.72 8.63 6.29 6.19 7.41 7.31 8.72 6.19
3L/8
Bottom 5.14 2.64 2.86 8.37 8.59 5.64 5.85 8.66 2.64
Top of slab 6.33 2.70 2.58 5.16 5.03 0.65 0.53 6.45 0.53
Top of girder 7.98 9.01 8.92 6.59 6.50 7.71 7.62 9.01 6.50
L/2
Bottom 4.99 2.48 2.71 8.18 8.40 5.44 5.67 8.46 2.483

Section 7 (a) 7 (b) 8 (a) 8 (b) 9 (a) 9 (b) 10 (a) 10 (b) 11 (a)
Top of slab 0.15 0.13 0.15 0.13 0.31 0.30 0.19 0.18 2.71
Top of girder 0.59 0.58 0.59 0.58 0.72 0.71 0.62 0.62 0.21
End
Bottom 8.72 8.73 8.72 8.73 8.49 8.51 8.66 8.67 9.43
Top of slab 0.79 0.73 0.83 0.78 1.74 1.69 1.08 1.02 4.11
Top of girder 4.41 4.36 4.44 4.40 5.15 5.11 4.64 4.59 4.61
L/8
Bottom 14.15 14.25 14.06 14.16 12.41 12.51 13.62 13.72 13.41
Top of slab 1.40 1.30 1.48 1.38 3.35 3.25 1.98 1.88 5.69
Top of girder 4.67 4.59 4.73 4.65 6.19 6.11 5.12 5.05 5.63
L/4
Bottom 13.82 13.99 13.67 13.85 10.27 10.45 12.76 12.94 11.32
Top of slab 1.73 1.61 1.83 1.71 4.27 4.15 2.49 2.37 6.59
Top of girder 5.05 4.96 5.13 5.04 7.03 6.94 5.64 5.55 6.46
3L/8
Bottom 13.26 13.47 13.08 13.30 8.66 8.87 11.89 12.11 9.74
Top of slab 1.83 1.70 1.93 1.80 4.33 4.21 2.57 2.45 6.65
Top of girder 5.24 5.14 5.32 5.22 7.20 7.10 5.82 5.73 6.62
L/2
Bottom 13.20 13.43 13.02 13.24 8.65 8.88 11.84 12.07 9.74

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 Section 11 (b) 11 (c) 11 (d) 12 (a) 12 (b) 12 (c) 12 (d) Max comp. Max Tension
Top of slab 2.70 -1.04 -1.05 3.07 3.06 -1.43 -1.44 3.07 -1.44
Top of girder 0.20 1.15 1.14 0.01 0.00 1.13 1.12 1.15 0.00
End
Bottom 9.44 7.15 7.16 9.78 9.79 7.04 7.05 9.79 7.04
Top of slab 4.05 0.35 0.30 3.91 3.86 -0.59 -0.65 4.11 -0.65
Top of girder 4.57 5.55 5.50 3.99 3.94 5.11 5.06 5.55 3.94
L/8
Bottom 13.52 11.13 11.23 14.82 14.92 12.08 12.19 14.92 11.13
Top of slab 5.59 1.93 1.84 4.78 4.69 0.28 0.18 5.69 0.18
Top of girder 5.55 6.56 6.49 4.45 4.37 5.57 5.49 6.56 4.37
L/4
Bottom 11.50 9.04 9.22 14.02 14.20 11.29 11.46 14.20 9.04
Top of slab 6.47 2.83 2.72 5.27 5.15 0.77 0.65 6.59 0.65
Top of girder 6.36 7.39 7.30 4.95 4.86 6.07 5.98 7.39 4.86
3L/8
Bottom 9.95 7.45 7.67 13.19 13.41 10.45 10.67 13.47 7.45
Top of slab 6.52 2.90 2.77 5.35 5.23 0.85 0.73 6.65 0.73
Top of girder 6.52 7.55 7.46 5.13 5.04 6.25 6.16 7.55 5.04
L/2
Bottom 9.96 7.46 7.68 13.15 13.38 10.41 10.64 13.43 7.46

Permissible compressive stress in concrete at service = 0.36 x fck = 18.00 Mpa > 14.9 Mpa
Permissible Tensile stress in concrete at service = 0.00 Mpa < 2.483 Mpa Hence O.K.

4.4 Check for ultimate strength of girder in Flexure :-

Grade of concrete = M50 Modulus of elasticity of concrete Ecm = 35220 MPa
Design yield strength fpd = 22.33 MPa Modulus of elasticity of steel = 195.00 Gpa
3200 0.00350 22.33
220 16933 kN
508.96
NA NA
2820 300

243 250 0.0142 16933 kN

Strain Diagram Stress Diagram
900
Top width of girder = 3200 mm Thickness of compression flange = 220 mm
Width of web = 300 mm Distance of prestress CG from bottom = 243 mm
Depth of girder = 2820 mm
Balanced neutral axis depth = 1758 mm Actual neutral axis depth 508.96 mm
Total strain at the prestress CG = 0.01422 The Section is under reinforced
Total ultimate compressive force = 16933 kN Total ultimate tensile force = 16933 kN
Compressive force CG 211.73 mm Moment of resistance = 40051 kNm
> 23945 kNm Hence O.K.
At support Near L/8 Near L/4 Near 3L/8 At L/2
Ultimate moment 78 10119 18259 23099 23945
Horizontal prestress after all losses (kN) 10087 10234 10531 10623 10744
Pre-strain in the cables after all losses 0.00430 0.00436 0.00449 0.00452 0.00458
Distance of prestress CG from bottom (mm) 924 589 385 276 243
Total width of web (mm) 900 300 300 300 300
Assumed neutral axis from top (mm) 402 509 509 509 509
Total strain at the prestress CG 0.0173 0.0162 0.0177 0.0185 0.0188
Average prestress at failure (MPa) 1406 1406 1406 1406 1406
Total compressive force by concrete (kN) 16933 16933 16933 16933 16933
Total tensile force by prestressing steel (kN) 16933 16933 16933 16933 16933
Difference in forces 0 0 0 0 0
Moment of resistance (kNm) 31401 35728 39177 41032 41593
Effective lever arm between forces (m) 1.854 2.110 2.314 2.423 2.456
Factor of Safety associated with failure 401.75 3.53 2.15 1.78 1.74

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4.5 Design of Shear
Total loss after friction & Slip Loss
Description 1st stage stressing % Loss 2nd stage stressing % Loss
At 5 days
Elastic shortening 119.84 kN 3.2 %
Relaxation 29.41 kN 0.8 %
At 28 days
Elastic shortening 46.72 kN 1.2 % 46.72 kN 1.2 %
Shrinkage 35.67 kN 0.9 %
Relaxation 62.80 kN 1.7 % 29.41 kN 0.8 %
Creep 137.62 kN 3.6 %
At 60 days
Shrinkage 25.17 kN 0.7 % 25.17 kN 0.7 %
Relaxation 16.69 kN 0.4 % 50.08 kN 1.3 %
Creep 63.64 kN 1.7 % 63.64 kN 1.7 %
At 90 days
Shrinkage 16.86 kN 0.4 % 16.86 kN 0.4 %
Relaxation 0.00 kN 0.0 % 0.00 kN 0.0 %
Creep 24.81 kN 0.7 % 24.81 kN 0.7 %
At a days
Shrinkage 115.25 kN 3.0 % 115.25 kN 3.0 %
Relaxation 158.98 kN 4.2 % 158.98 kN 4.2 %
Creep 179.85 kN 4.8 % 179.85 kN 4.8 %
Total 1033.33 kN/cable 27.3 % 710.79 kN 18.8 %
Total loss 4184.88 kN

Vertical Component of Cable Force (kN)

Position Support L/8 L/4 3L/8 L/2
Cable No 0.600 5.350 10.100 14.850 19.600
Cable 1 3411.81 3447.69 3557.93 3559.16 3595.38
Vert. angle 3.58 3.58 3.58 0.00 0.00
Cable 2 3411.81 3447.69 3557.93 3559.16 3595.38
Vert. angle 3.58 3.58 3.58 0.00 0.00
Cable 3 3460.73 3496.25 3531.77 3567.30 3584.49
Vert. angle 4.39 4.39 4.39 4.39 0.00
Total Ver.
Comp. of
482.40 489.59 506.06 193.82 0.00
cable 1 to
3

Ultimate Shear at Sections :-

Ultimate Shear 2401 1910 1460 655 315
Moment 78 10119 18259 23099 23945

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4.5.1 Section not requiring design shear reinforcement
i) Shear Capacity of Cracked Section as per clause 10.3.2(2) of IRC 112-2010
VRD.C = [0.12*K(80*r1*fck)^0.33+0.15scp]*bw*d Subject to VRD.C MIN = {vmin + 0.15sCP)*bw*d
Where, K = 1+sqrt(200/d) <= 2 Where, d is in millimeters
r1 = Asl/(bw*d) <= 0.02 fck = 50 Mpa
scp = NEd/Ac <= 0.2xfcd Where, NEd = axial compression, Ac = Area of section
vmin = 0.031*K^1.5*fck^0.5 fcd = acc*fck/gm where, acc =0.67 and gm = 1.5
Description Support L/8 L/4 3L/8 L/2
Prestress Force after all losses (kN) 10086.6 10234.4 10530.7 10623.2 10743.8
Effective width of the web in mm 900 300 300 300 300
Effective Depth of precast Section (d) in mm 1676 2011 2215 2324 2357
Effective Depth of composite Section (d) in mm 1896 2231 2435 2544 2577
K 1.325 1.299 1.287 1.280 1.279
Stress due to Prestress (scp) (Mpa) 4.467 4.467 4.467 4.467 4.467
Shear Resistance minimum (VRd,cmin) (kN) 1714.0 665.9 723.0 753.7 763.0
Reinforcement ratio considering Tendons, r1 0.007 0.018 0.016 0.016 0.016
Shear resistance ( VRd,c) (kN) 1960.4 876.5 938.6 971.8 981.7
Design Shear resistance ( VRd,c) (kN) 1714.0 665.9 723.0 753.7 763.0

ii) Shear Capacity of Uncracked Section as per clause 10.3.2(2) of IRC 112-2010
The shear resistance of the beam section uncracked in flexure is given below:-
VRd,c = ( I * bwc )/ S x √ (fctd2 + k1 scp fctd)
Where, I = Moment of inertia bwc= Width of beam after deduction due to duct
S = First moment of area between cetroidal axis and extreme compression fibre about the centrodial axis.
fctd = design tensile strength of concrete = fctk/gm = 1.64 Mpa
Description Support L/8 L/4 3L/8 L/2
Prestress
10086.6 10234.4 10530.7 10623.2 10743.8
Force
Effective
900 300 300 300 300
width of
Effective
1896 2231 2435 2544 2577
Depth of
Stress
4.467 4.467 4.467 4.467 4.467
due to
Design
1.64 1.64 1.64 1.64 1.64
tensile
First
4.94E+09 2.92E+09 2.92E+09 2.92E+09 2.92E+09
moment
Transmis
1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
sion
Moment
2.4E+12 1.8E+12 1.8E+12 1.8E+12 1.8E+12
of Inertia
Design
1407.3 596.6 596.6 596.6 596.6
Shear
iii) Summary of the Shear resistance of the Beam when shear reinforcement isn't required :
The maximum shear capacity of the Beam as cl.10.3.2 (5) of IRC 112-2010
VEd ≤ 0.50 bw d n fcd where, n = 0.60 [ 1 - fck/310]
Description Support L/8 L/4 3L/8 L/2
Distance from bearing in m 0.00 4.75 9.50 14.25 19.00
Distance modification factor b for Precast Beam 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Distance modification factor b for Composite 0.25 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Effective Shear for Precast Beam 2401.0 1909.5 1459.6 655.0 315.3
Effective Shear for Composite Section (kN) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Effective Shear due to prestressing force (kN) 482.4 489.6 506.1 193.8 0.0
Total Shear force for the Beam (kN) 1918.6 1419.9 953.6 461.2 315.3
Precast member Area (m2) 2.40 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17
Zb (m3) 1.06 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74
Composite member Area (m2) 3.07 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.84
Zb (m3) 1.47 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99
Stress due to prestress at tensile fibre s bpt (MPa) 0.6945 -1.4077 -5.3231 -7.4650 -8.1707
Section at Maximum Bending Moment Uncracked Cracked Cracked Cracked Cracked
Shear capacity of Beam Section (kN) 1407.28 665.87 723.00 753.69 762.96
Maximum shear capacity of the Section (kN) 9591 3762 4104 4289 4344
Not
Whether shear reinforcement required or not Required Required Required Not Required
Required

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 iv) Calculation of Shear Resistance when Shear Reinforcement is Required ::
The design for the Vertical stirrups for resisting shear is calculated in the table below as per Cl. No. 10.3.3.2 of IRC:112-2011.
The shear resistance with vertical stirrups is given by,
VRd,s = Asw / s. z. fywd cot q by Crushing of Compression strut
VRd,max = acw bw z v1 fcd / (cot q + tan q) by yielding of the Vertical reinforcement
Grade of reinforcement = Fe 500 Grade of concrete = M50
Design Tensile stress in stirrups (fywd= 0.8fyk/gm) = 347.8 Mpa Concrete Strength (fcd) : = 22.3 Mpa
Minimum Shear reinf. ratio = 0.072sqrt(fck)/fyk = 0.00102 Coeff accounting stress in compression chord n1
Design of Vertical Transverse reinforcement (a = 90 )
o
= 0.60

Description Support L/8 L/4 3L/8 L/2

Shear demand of Beam (kN) 1918.6 1419.9 953.6 461.2 315.3
Lever arm taken from flexural analysis z (m) 1.85 2.11 2.31 2.42 2.46
Angle of compression strut q (degrees)-1.24E+127 14.29 15.43 15.43 15.43 15.43
Dia of shear reinforcement provided (mm) 10+12 10 10 10 10
Number of legs provided 2 2 2 2 2
Spacing of stirrups provided (mm) 160 160 160 160 160
Minimum area of Shear reinf. reqd Asw/s (mm2/mm) 0.92 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31
2
Area of shear reinf provided Asw/s (mm /mm) 2.395 0.982 0.982 0.982 0.982
Check O.K. O.K. O.K. O.K. O.K.
Shear
6064 2610 2862 2998 3039
resistance
Coeff
1.200 1.200 1.200 1.200 1.200
accountin
Shear
6421 2610 2862 2998 3039
capacity
Differenc
356.72 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
e in shear
Shear capacity of the Section (kN) 6064.22 2610.39 2862.37 2997.93 3038.90
Factor of Safety associated with failure 3.16 1.84 3.00 6.50 9.64
Increase in longitudinal tensile force DFtd (kN) 3765.13 2572.24 1727.45 835.45 571.21
Total longitudinal tensile force (kN) 3807.28 7368.36 9619.56 10368.25 10319.96
Permissible longitudinal tensile force (kN) 16933.38 16933.38 16933.38 16933.38 16933.38
Check Hence O.K. Hence O.K. Hence O.K. Hence O.K. Hence O.K.

4.6. Anchor Block

Check Bearing pressure As per Euro code EC2, Anex-J
According to Manufacture's CatalogSize of anchor flange = 275 mm Dia of Hole = 115 mm
fcj = Cube strength = 44.10 N/mm2
fcj = Cylender strength 35.28 N/mm2
A2 = 900*500 = 239613.11 mm2
Now, Maximum Cable Force after immediate Losses = 3336.40 T
As per Manufacture's recommendation = 40% of above force to be taken by End Bearing
= 60% of above force to be taken by Anchorage
Cone and Concrete by friction
Bearing stress = N/A1 13.92 N/mm2 < 21.17 N/mm2 Hence O.K.

Busting reinforcement in end block

2Yo = 275 mm 2Ypo = 275 mm
Ypo/Yo = 1.00 As per Table 13.1 of IRC 112-2011 Fbst/Pk = 0.120
Fbst = 0.12x1.3x3336.4 = 520.48 kN
Area of Steel Required = Fbst/(0.87xfy) = 1375.98 mm2
Hence Provide 16T- 2L -4Nos along Web and Normal to Web Ast = 1608.50 mm2

Ast 0.15 P max/fyd gp

fyd 435 N/mm2
gp 1.2
Ast 1380.58 mm2
For Avoid checking crack width we have considered fyd=250 N/mm2
Ast 2402.209 mm2
Use 20 f spiral with 250 mm inner dia and 60 mm spacing
Ast 5026.548 mm2

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 Spalling Reinforcement 0.03x P max /fyd x gp
480.442 mm2
Provide 4 no 16 dia bar each side 804.2 mm2

Hence allowable stress behind anchorage has been suitbly increased by providing hoop reinforcement
CEB-FIP model code has been used to calculate the increase in permissible bearing stress.

Use 20 f spiral with 250 mm inner dia and 60 mm spacing

Increase in force D F = 1.3*u/s*As*fyd-(Ac1-Ac2)*fcd*(1-(8*Msdu)/(u/pi *Nsdu))

Where,
u = Perimeter of hoop u = 0.84823 m
s = Hoop spacing s = 0.06 m
2
As = Cross sectional area of hoop reinforcement. As = 0.0003142 cm
2
fyd = Design strength of hoop fyd = 43500 t/m
2
Ac1= A2 Ac1 = 0.1225 m
2
Ac2 = Area of conc rete within hoop reinforcement. Ac2 = 0.0490874 m
2
fcd = fcj/1.5 fcd = 2939.8449 t/m
Msdu = Max moment in hoop reinforced zone. Msdu = 0 t-m
D F = 1.3*u/s*As*fyd-(Ac1-Ac2)*fcd*(1-(8*Msdu)/(u/pi *Nsdu)) = 35.335059 t
Increase in permissible stresses D F/A1 = 4.67 N/m
2

2
< 7.24 N/m
Hence OK

4.7. Interface Shear Design for Composite section

The shear stress that arises between the interfaces of concrete placed at different times is reffered to as interface
shear. The interface shear is resisted by friction at the interface and by reinforcement placed across the shear plane.
The interface shear stress, Vedi <= the resisting capacity at the section, VRdi
Vedi = b Ved/zbi
Where, b = The ratio of longitudinal force in the new concrete and total longitudinal force
Ved = The tranverse shear force
z = Lever arm
bi = the width of interface
VRdi = msn + rfyd[msina+cosa] <=0.5vfcd fck = M50
m = friction for rough surface = 0.7 fyd = 500 Mpa
sn = the minimum co existing normal stress < 0.6f cd = 0.00 Mpa
r = As/Aj where As is the area of reinforcement, Aj is the interface area of the joint
n1 = Coeff accounting stress in compression chord = 0.60
a = the angle of the reinforcement to the interface = 90.00 degree
fcd = acc*fck/gm where, acc =0.67 and gm = 1.5 = 22.33 Mpa

Description Support L/8 L/4 3L/8 L/2

Shear demand of Beam,VEd (kN) 1918.63 1419.91 953.58 461.18 315.31
Ratio of Longitudinal forces (b) 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93
Lever arm taken from flexural analysis z (m) 1.854 2.110 2.314 2.423 2.456
Interface Width bi ( mm) 1250 1250 1250 1250 1250
Design value of Shear Stress vEdi ( MPa) 0.77 0.50 0.31 0.14 0.10
Roughness Co-efficient, m 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70
Stress caused by minimum external normal force 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dia of shear reinforcement provided (mm) 10 10 10 10 10
Number of legs provided 4 4 4 4 4
Spacing of stirrups provided (mm) 160 160 160 160 160
Minimum reinf.=0.15% of area of interface 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875
2/
Area of Reinforcement at interface, As (mm m) 1963.50 1963.50 1963.50 1963.50 1963.50
2
Area of the joint, Ai (mm ) 275000 275000 275000 275000 275000
Strength reduction factor (n) 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60
Design shear resistance at the Interface (vRdi) 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50
Status with respect to the Interface Shear Ok Ok Ok Ok Ok

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 4.8. Untensioned Reinforcement of Precast Girder
Vertical reiforcement = 0.18 % of web
=0.18%x300x2600 = 1404 mm2 per meter
Hence provide 2L-12T @ 150 c/c Ast provide= 1506.7 mm2 per meter

Longitudinal reinforcement = 0.13 % of web

Total Area of Precast Girder at midspan = 1.165 m2
=0.13%x1.17x1000000 = 1514.5 mm2 per meter
Hence provide 7-12T at Bottomt top & 8-12T at Top Ast provide= 1695 mm2 per meter
Side Face Reinforcement
Side Face Reinforcement = 0.1 % of web Area
Area of steel required = 780 mm2
Minimum Reinf. at earth face (0.12%) = 936 mm2
Hence Provide 10 Nos. 10 f on Each Face
Ast provided = 1570.8 mm2/m > 936 mm2/m
Hence O.K.

4.9 Calculation for Deflection of Longitudinal girders

(i) Precast Girder - Prestress of cables 1, 2, 3 + wt of precast Girder at 5 days
Young Modulus = 3.41E+07 kN/m2
Section At support Near L/8 At L/4 At 3L/8 At L/2
Distance 0.000 4.750 9.500 14.250 19.000
CG of Precast girder from bottom , m 1.330 1.305 1.305 1.305 1.305
Moment 1.403 0.966 0.966 0.966 0.966
CG of cables 1 to 3 from bot.(m) 0.627 0.302 0.163 0.150 0.150
Moment -6958.27 -10043.11 -11721.97 -11918.12 -12034.90
Moment -16.87 2498.22 4212.21 5245.35 5573.92
Total
moment -6975.1 -7544.9 -7509.8 -6672.8 -6461.0
M/EI -0.00015 -0.00023 -0.00023 -0.00020 -0.00020

4.75 4.750 4.750 4.750

A B C D E
-0.00023 2 -0.00020
-0.000146 4 3 -0.000228 -0.000196
1
M/EI Diagram for Ist Stage Prestress after losses at 5 days
At Midspan
Average Moment of
Section Marked Distance CG from A M/EI
M/EI M/EI about
A -0.00015
B 4 4.750 2.375 -0.00023 -0.00019 -0.002112
C 3 4.750 7.125 -0.00023 -0.00023 -0.007727
D 2 4.750 11.875 -0.00020 -0.00022 -0.012132
E 1 4.750 16.625 -0.00020 -0.00020 -0.015728
Total -0.037699
So, Midspan deflection due to Prestress + wt of precast Girder = = -38 mm
= - L/ 1008

(ii) Precast Girder - Prestress of cables 4,5 + loss of Cables 1 to 3 at 28 days

Young Modulus = 3.52E+07 Mpa
Section At support Near L/8 At L/4 At 3L/8 At L/2
Distance 0.000 4.750 9.500 14.250 19.000
CG of 1.682 1.322 0.962 0.602 0.485
Moment 1371.95 64.98 -1366.46 -2827.26 -3314.11
Moment 596.30 851.46 969.06 980.33 980.33
Total 1968.3 916.4 -397.4 -1846.9 -2333.8
M/EI 0.000040 0.000027 -0.000012 -0.000054 -0.000069

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 4.8 4.750 4.750 4.750
A B C D E
2
0.0000269 -0.0000543
0.0000398 4 3 -0.000012 -0.0000686
1
M/EI Diagram for Ist Stage Prestress after losses at 28 days
At Midspan
Average Moment of
Section Marked Distance CG from A M/EI
M/EI M/EI about
A 0.0000398
B 4 4.750 2.375 0.0000269 0.0000334 0.0003766
C 3 4.750 7.125 -0.000012 0.0000076 0.0002582
D 2 4.750 11.875 -0.000054 -0.0000330 -0.001861
E 1 4.750 16.625 -0.000069 -0.0000615 -0.004854
Total -0.00608
So, Midspan deflection due to Prestress +loss = = -6.080 mm
So, Total Midspan deflection at 28 days = = -43.779 mm = - L/ 868

(iii) Precast Girder - Prestress + wt of precast Girder +wt of deck slab at 60 days
Section At support Near L/8 At L/4 At 3L/8 At L/2
Distance 0.000 4.750 9.500 14.250 19.000
CG of 0.924 0.589 0.385 0.276 0.243
Loss 528.521 528.521 528.521 528.521 528.521
Moment 214.721 378.889 486.264 544.029 561.486
Moment -13.860 1351.653 2338.681 2947.223 3177.279
Total 200.861 1730.542 2824.945 3491.252 3738.765
M/EI 0.0000041 0.0000509 0.0000831 0.0001027 0.00011
4.8 4.750 4.750 4.750
A B C D E
0.000004 0.0000509 0.0001027
4 0.0000831 0.0001099
3 1
2
M/EI Diagram for Ist Stage Prestress after losses at 60 days
At Midspan
Average Moment of
Section Marked Distance CG from A M/EI Rotation
M/EI M/EI about
A 0.0000041
B 4 4.750 2.375 0.0000509 0.0000275 0.0003099 0.00139
C 3 4.750 7.125 0.0000831 0.0000670 0.0022665
D 2 4.750 11.875 0.0001027 0.0000929 0.0052376
E 1 4.750 16.625 0.0001099 0.0001063 0.0083935
Total 0.0162076
So, Midspan deflection due to Prestress losses + DL = = 16.208 mm
Total Deflection at 60 days =-43.779+16.208 = -27.571 mm

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 (iv) Composite Girder - long term losses + SIDL+ Live load
Section At support Near L/8 At L/4 At 3L/8 At L/2
Distance 0.000 4.750 9.500 14.250 19.000
CG of Composite girder from bottom , m 1.643 1.835 1.835 1.835 1.835
CG of cables from bot.(m) 0.924 0.589 0.385 0.276 0.243
Moment 2.443 1.834 1.834 1.834 1.834
Loss 2243.960 2243.960 2243.960 2243.960 2243.96
Moment 1614.293 2795.836 3251.722 3496.979 3571.1
Total 1614.293 2795.836 3251.722 3496.979 3571.1
M/EI 0.0000188 0.0000433 0.0000503 0.0000541 0.00006
4.750 4.750 4.750 4.750
A B C D E
0.00002 0.0000433 0.0000541
4 0.0000503 0.0000553
3 1
2
M/EI Diagram for Ist Stage Prestress after losses at a days
At Midspan
Average Moment of
Section Marked Distance CG from A M/EI Rotation
M/EI M/EI about
A 0.0000188
B 4 4.750 2.375 0.0000433 0.0000310 0.00035 0.00088
C 3 4.750 7.125 0.0000503 0.0000468 0.0015841
D 2 4.750 11.875 0.0000541 0.0000522 0.0029463
E 1 4.750 16.625 0.0000553 0.0000547 0.00432
Total 0.0092004
So, Midspan deflection due to Prestress losses = = 9.200 mm
So, Midspan deflection due SIDL = = 7.100 mm 0.000349
So, Midspan deflection due Wind load = = 2.000 mm 0.000112
So, Midspan deflection due Live load = = 21.800 mm 0.001182
Total Deflection at mid span 1xDL+1.2xSIDL+1xLL+0.6xWL = 13.949 mm L/ 2724

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4.0 Calculation of Stresses for Girder LG1 = 39.50 m
4.1. Load calculation
4.1.1 Dead Load Moment & Shear for Precast girder only
Unit weight of concrete = 25.00 kN/m3
Cross-sectional area at span = 1.165 m2
Cross-sectional area at support = 2.399 m2
Unit Weight at span = 29.13 kN/m
Unit Weight at support = 59.97 kN/m
Thickness of intermediate Cross Girder = 0.30 m
Thickness of end Cross Girder = 0.90 m
1.250 1.950 1.250

0.475 0.15
0.1 0.037

2.6 2.200 1.950

0.15
0.25

0.3 0.3
0.9 2.300 0.9
Part of intermediate cross girder {1.25x(2.6-0.25)-(1.17-0.9x0.25)}x0.3x25 = 14.98 kN
Part of End cross girder {1.25x(2.6-0.25)-(2.40-0.9x0.25)}x0.9x25 = 17.18 kN
= 17.18 kN
= 14.98 kN = 14.98 kN
59.97 59.97
29.13
0.750 2.00 2.00 30.00 2.00 2.00 0.750

0.750 38.000 0.750

12.7 39.500
Support Reaction = 723.06 kN
Table : Maximum BM & SF at critical sections
Section At support Near L/8 Near L/4 Near 3L/8 At L/2
Dist. for prop. Section(m) 0.000 4.750 9.500 14.250 19.000
Bending Moment (kNm) -16.9 2498.2 4212.2 5245.4 5573.9
Shear Force (kN) 660.9 451.9 291.7 78.4 0.0
4.1.2 Construction load and weight of shuttering & proping.
Assume, Construction Live load = 0.500 kN/m2
Assume, UDL for weight of shuttering = 5.000 kN/m
Effective width of deck slab for end girder = 3.050 m
Weight of shuttering & Conc. Live load = 6.525 kN/m
6.525

0.750 38.00 0.750

Support Reaction = 128.87 kN
Table : Maximum BM & SF at critical sections of outer girders
Section At support Near L/8 Near L/4 Near 3L/8 At L/2
Distance 0.000 4.750 9.500 14.250 19.000
Bending Moment (kNm) -1.8 513.4 881.5 1102.3 1175.9
Shear 124.0 93.0 62.0 31.0 0.0

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4.1.3 Dead Load Moment & Shear for Deck slab & X-girder
Unit weight of concrete = 25.000 kN/m3
Thickness of deck slab = 0.220 m2
Thickness of deck slab at expansion joint = 0.400 m
Average width of deck slab at support = 3.050 m
Wt. of End X-girder (1.95/2x(2.6-0.25))x0.9x25 = 51.553 kN
Wt of Inner X-girder (1.95/2x(2.6-0.25))x0.3x25 = 17.184 kN
= 51.553 = 17.184 = 51.553
0.55
16.775 13.73 kN/m

1.000 38.00 1.000

Support Reaction = 403.19 kN

Table : Maximum BM & SF at critical sections

Section At support Near L/8 Near L/4 Near 3L/8 At L/2
Distance 0.000 4.750 9.500 14.250 19.000
Bending Moment (kNm) -13.9 1351.7 2338.7 2947.2 3177.3
Shear 327.3 247.6 168.0 88.3 8.6

4.1.4 Summary of Bending Moment & Shear Force for outer girder
a) Bending Moment (kNm) 4.94 9.88 14.81 19.75
Description At support Near L/8 Near L/4 Near 3L/8 At L/2
Distance 0.000 4.750 9.500 14.250 19.000
1 SEISMIC X DIR 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
2 SEISMIC Y DIR 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
3 SEISMIC Z DIR 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Precast girder only -16.9 2498.2 4212.2 5245.4 5573.9
Construction load -1.8 513.4 881.5 1102.3 1175.9
Deck slab & X-girder -13.9 1351.7 2338.7 2947.2 3177.3
Crash Baarrier 2.6 239.1 446.2 660.0 646.4
Total wt of deck slab = -28.1 4089.0 6997.1 8852.6 9397.6
SIDL from staad output 118.2 529.9 892.7 1096.7 1150.0
Removal of shutter -123.1 -555.6 -943.1 -1162.0 -1216.4
Footpath live load -0.5 -41.1 -96.8 -133.2 -126.74
Live load 819.0 3287.9 4521.7 5179.5 5869.7 -5982.837
Total Live Load 819.0 3287.9 4521.7 5179.5 5869.7 5982.837
Wind load (unloaded structure) 1.4 406.1 688.7 848.2 885.65
Wind load (loaded structure) 0.8 238.3 404.3 498.0 521.4
Construction load (1.5kN/m2) -0.4 120.0 206.0 257.6 274.8
Total 819.0 3287.9 4521.7 5179.5 5869.7

b) Shear force (kN) For SIDL & Live load - Refer STAAD Output
Desription At support Near L/8 Near L/4 Near 3L/8 At L/2
1 SEISMIC X DIR 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 SEISMIC Y DIR 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
3 SEISMIC Z DIR 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Precast girder only 660.9 451.9 291.7 78.4 0.0
Deck slab & X-girder 327.3 247.6 168.0 88.3 8.6
Crash Baarrier 46.4 48.3 -55.4 -6.9 -0.9
Total DL 1034.7 747.8 404.2 159.7 7.7
SIDL from staad output 123.8 96.2 62.7 33.7 6.8
Footpath live load -7.3 -9.2 -12.3 -2.3 -0.3 14.2875
Live load incl. snow load 844.7 576.0 303.6 447.8 204.4
Total Live Load incl.snow load 844.7 576.0 303.6 447.8 204.4
Wind load (unloaded structure) 94.0 74.0 44.0 20.0 5.0
Wind load (loaded structure) 55.2 43.4 28.8 14.6 2.9
Construction load 29.0 21.7 14.5 7.2 0.0
Total 4024.4 2851.9 1538.8 1281.1 438.5

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4.1.5 Load Combination - Ultimate limit state
1) Dead load +SIDL+Live load
2) Dead load +SIDL+ wind load (unloaded structure)
3) Dead load +SIDL+Live load(lead) + wind load (accompany) (loaded structure)
4) Dead load +SIDL+Live load(accompany) + wind load(lead) (loaded structure)
5) Dead load +SIDL+construction Live load(leading) + wind load(accompany)
Transverse Vertical
Load Case DL SIDL Live load Wind load Long. Seismic
Seismic Seismic
1 1.35 1.75 1.5
1a 1.35 1.75 1
2 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5
2 (b) 1 1 1.5
3 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.5 0.9
3 (b) 1 1 1.5 0.9
4 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.15 1.5
4 (b) 1 1 1.15 1.5
5 (a) 1.35 1.75 1.35 0.9
5 (b) 1 1 1.35 0.9
7 (a) 1.35 1.75 0.2 1.5 0.45 0.45
7 (b) 1.35 1.75 0.2 0.45 1.5 0.45
7 (c) 1.35 1.75 0.2 0.45 0.45 1.5
7 (d) 1 1 0.2 1.5 0.45 0.45
7 (e) 1 1 0.2 0.45 1.5 0.45
7 (f) 1 1 0.2 0.45 0.45 1.5

a) Moment At support Near L/8 Near L/4 Near 3L/8 At L/2

1 1397.4 11379.4 17790.7 21639.5 23503.8
1a 987.9 9735.4 15529.9 19049.7 20569.0
2 (a) 170.1 6805.0 11614.7 14617.2 15481.3
2 (b) 91.3 4976.4 8496.2 10696.3 11329.7
3 (a) 1398.1 11593.9 18154.6 22087.6 23973.1
3 (b) 1319.3 9765.3 15036.1 18166.7 19821.4
4 (a) 1112.0 10586.1 16814.6 20573.6 22231.5
4 (b) 1033.2 8757.5 13696.1 16652.6 18079.9
5 (a) 1275.3 11100.7 17476.3 21310.7 23092.6
5 (b) 1196.5 9272.1 14357.8 17389.8 18941.0
7 (a) 332.7 7105.1 11912.6 14906.2 15873.2
7 (b) 332.7 7105.1 11912.6 14906.2 15873.2
7 (c) 332.7 7105.1 11912.6 14906.2 15873.2
7 (d) 253.9 5276.5 8794.1 10985.2 11721.5
7 (e) 253.9 5276.5 8794.1 10985.2 11721.5
7 (f) 253.9 5276.5 8794.1 10985.2 11721.5
Maximum 91.3 11593.9 18154.6 22087.6 23973.1
b) Shear At support Near L/8 Near L/4 Near 3L/8 At L/2
1 2880.5 2041.7 1110.7 946.3 328.8
2 (a) 1696.2 1242.9 698.5 296.6 26.7
2 (b) 1241.2 909.1 510.1 215.4 18.9
3 (a) 2930.1 2080.8 1136.6 959.5 331.5
3 (b) 2475.1 1747.0 948.2 878.3 323.7
4 (a) 2667.6 1905.3 1047.7 811.5 261.7
4 (b) 2212.6 1571.5 859.2 730.4 253.9
5 (a) 2803.4 1994.4 1091.1 892.3 300.8
5 (b) 2348.4 1660.6 902.6 811.1 293.0
7 (a) 1782.4 1293.0 716.1 364.2 63.2
7 (b) 1782.4 1293.0 716.1 364.2 63.2
7 (c) 1782.4 1293.0 716.1 364.2 63.2
7 (d) 1327.4 959.1 527.6 283.0 55.4
7 (e) 1327.4 959.1 527.6 283.0 55.4
7 (f) 1327.4 959.1 527.6 283.0 55.4
Maximum 2930.1 2080.8 1136.6 959.5 331.5

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4.1.6 Load Combination for Rare Combination (SL1)
1) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress
2) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+ wind load(lead) (unloaded structure)
3) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+Live load(lead)+wind load (accompany)
4) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+Live load(accompany)+wind load (lead)
5) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+Live load(lead)+Temperature(accompany)
6) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+Live load(accompany)+Temperature(lead)
Load Case DL SIDL Prestress Live load Wind load Temperature

1(a) 1 1.2 1.1 or 0.9

1(b) 1 1 1.1 or 0.9
2 (a) 1 1.2 1.1 or 0.9 1
2 (b) 1 1 1.1 or 0.9 1
3 (a) 1 1.2 1.1 or 0.9 1 0.6
3 (b) 1 1 1.1 or 0.9 1 0.6
4 (a) 1 1.2 1.1 or 0.9 0.75 1
4 (b) 1 1 1.1 or 0.9 0.75 1
5 (a) 1 1.2 1.1 or 0.9 1 0.6
5 (b) 1 1 1.1 or 0.9 1 0.6
6 (a) 1 1.2 1.1 or 0.9 0.75 1
6 (b) 1 1 1.1 or 0.9 0.75 1

4.2 Cable Details

Maximum midspan Moment for outer girder =
Precast Girder Only = 5573.92 kN-m
Deck Slab & Cross Girder = 3177.28 kN-m
SIDL = 1150.00 kN-m
Wind load = 312.84 kN-m
Live Load = 5869.73 kN-m
Total Moment = 16083.8 kN-m
Sectional Properties Inner Composite Girder at Midspan :-
Area - A = 1.869 m2
Moment of Inertia - I = 1.834 m4
CG from bottom = 1.835 m
Z Bottom = 1.000 m3
Assume Nos. of Cable = N
Ultimate Force of each 19T13 strands P = 4940 kN
Applied Force = 3779 kN
CG From bottom = 0.243 m
"e" from CG of Girder = 1.591 m
Assum overall Loss = 30 %
Stress at bottom of Girder = NP/A+NP*e/ZBottom-M/Zbottom = 0
N = (M/ZBottom )/(P/A+P*e/ZBottom ) = 2.86
Say, No of Cables Provided = 4.53

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4.2.1 Calculation of Friction & Slip loss

0.600

X X X 5 0.500
2.6
5 4 0.500

4 0.230 3 0.500

1 3 2 0.230 0.500
0.150 2 1
0.250 0.400 0.250
0.9 0.9
Section at Midspan Section at Support
0.75 19.000
Y
1 19.00
0.20 3456 X 0.2
0.2
0.2 2
0.15 19.750

Cable profile in Plan

0.15
0.600 6
5
0.500
4
0.500
3
0.500 0.230
1&2 0.230
0.50 0.150
0.75 5.000 5.00 4.00 4.00 1.000
.
Cable profile in Elevation
Vertical bending of Cable 1 =Tan-1{(0.5-0.15)/(0.75+5-0.15)} = 3.576 o
Vertical bending of Cable 2 =Tan-1{(0.5+0.5-0.15-0.23)/(0.75+5+5-0.15)} = 3.576 o
Vertical bending of Cable 3 =Tan-1{(0.5+0.5+0.5-0.15-0.23-0.23)/(0.75+5+5+4-0.15)}= 4.585 o
Vertical bending of Cable 4 =Tan-1{(0.5+0.5+0.5-0.15-0.23-0.23)/(0.75+5.000+5+4-0.15)}= 4.387 o
Vertical bending of Cable 5 =Tan-1{(0.5+0.5+0.5+0.5-0.15-0.23-0.23)/(0.75+5.000+5+4-0.15)}= 4.274 o
Vertical bending of Cable 6 =Tan-1{(0.5+0.5+0.5+0.5+-0.15-0.23-0.23)/(0.75+5.000+5+4-0.15)}= 4.274 o
Radius for 1 to 3 = 20 m
Horizontal bending of Cable 1 0.000 o
Horizontal bending of Cable 2 0.000 o
Position of Cable
Cable No. Anchorage Location of vertical Bending
X Y Z X Y Z
1 0.000 0.200 0.500 5.600 0.200 0.150
2 0.000 -0.200 0.500 5.600 -0.200 0.150
3 0.000 0.000 1.00 10.600 0.000 0.150
4 0.000 0.000 1.500 14.600 0.000 0.380
5 0.000 0.000 2.00 18.600 0.000 0.610
6 0.000 0.000 2.00 18.600 0.000 0.610

Start of Horizontal
Cable No. Bending End of Horizontal Bending Midspan
X Y Z X Y Z X Y Z
1 0.600 0.200 0.500 5.60 0.200 0.150 19.600 0.200 0.150
2 0.600 -0.200 0.500 5.600 -0.200 0.150 19.600 -0.200 0.150
3 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 19.600 0.000 0.150
4 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 19.600 0.000 0.380
5 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 19.600 0.000 0.610
6 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 19.600 0.000 0.610

59 of 96
C.G. of Cables from Bottom of girder at different Locations
Position Support L/8 L/4 3L/8 L/2
Cable No 0.600 5.350 10.100 14.850 19.600 Distance from
Cable 1 0.463 0.166 0.150 0.150 0.150 Anchorage End
Cable 2 0.463 0.166 0.150 0.150 0.150
Cable 3 0.952 0.571 0.190 0.150 0.150
Cable 4 1.454 1.090 0.725 0.361 0.380
Cable 5 1.955 1.600 1.245 0.890 0.610
Cable 6 1.955 1.600 1.245 0.890 0.610

Friction & Slip Loss

Type of Tendon = 19T/15
2
Modulous of Elasticity (E) = 195 Gpa = 1.95E+08 kN/m
Refer figure 6.3, clause no.7.9.2, table no. 18.4 of IRC 112-2011
Cross Sectional Area(A) = 2660 mm2
Ultimate Force of each 19T13 strands (Breaking load each strand =183.7 kN) = 4940.00 kN
Applied Force -P(je) = (90% of 0.1% proof load = =0.9*0.87*183.7)= 3779 kN
Cofficient of Friction (m) = 0.17 per radian
Wobble factor (k) = 0.002 per meter
Slip (DL) = 6 mm.
P(je)=P(x)e (mf+kl) or P(x)=P(je)/e (mf+kl)

Cable 1 19 T15
Deflection Force after Force after
Length (l) in
Node Link
meter
Angle (f) Radian e (mf+kl) friction loss slip loss
Degree (kN) (kN)
1 3779.10 3407.28
1-2 0.600 0.00 0.000 1.0012
2 3774.57 3411.81
2-3 5.012 3.576 0.062 1.0209
3 3697.48 3488.90
3-4 14.000 0.000 0.000 1.0284
4 3595.38 3595.38

60 of 96
 0.600 5.012 14.000
3779.10 3774.57 3697.48
1 2 3 3595.38
= 4
= 3488.90 3593.19
14.000
3407.28 3411.81
Force Diagram before & after Slip Loss
Assume Force of zero slip = 3593.189 kN
Point of Zero Slip from node 3 = 14.000 m
Area of Shaded Portion = ExAxDL = 3112.200 kN-m
Area of Shaded Portion = 3112.2 kN-m
Diferance of these two forces = 3112.2-3112.2 = 0.000 kN-m
Hence O.K.
Length of Cable = 39.224 m
Extension of cable at each side = 144.89 mm

Cable 2 19 T15
Deflection Force after Force after
Length (l) in
Node Link
meter
Angle (f) e (mf+kl) friction loss slip loss
Degree (kN) (kN)
1 3779.10 3407.28
1-2 0.600 0.00 0.000 1.0012
2 3774.57 3411.81
2-3 5.012 3.576 0.062 1.0209
3 3697.48 3488.90
3-4 14.000 0.000 0.000 1.0284
4 3595.38 3595.38
0.600 5.012 14.000
3779.10 3774.57
1 2 3697.48 3595.38
= 3
= 3593.19 4
3411.81 3488.90
3407.28 14.000
Force Diagram before & after Slip Loss
Assume Force of zero slip = 3593.19 kN
Point of Zero Slip from node 3 = 14.000 m
Area of Shaded Portion = ExAxDL = 3112.20 kN-m
Area of Shaded Portion = 3112.20 kN-m
Diferance of these two forces = 3112.2-3112.2 = 0.000 kN-m
Hence O.K.
Length of Cable = 39.224 m
Extension of cable = 144.89 mm

61 of 96
Cable 3 19 T15
Deflection Force after Force after
Length (l) in
Node Link
meter
Angle (f) Radian e (mf+kl) friction loss slip loss
Degree (kN) (kN)
1 3779.10 3456.24
1-2 10.634 0.00 0.000 1.0215
2 3699.57 3535.77
2-3 9.000 4.585 0.080 1.0321
3 3584.49 3584.49
10.634 9.000
3779.10 3699.57
1 2 3584.49
= 3
= 3617.67
3535.77 6.405
3456.24
Force Diagram before & after Slip Loss
Assume Force of zero slip = 3617.671 kN
Point of Zero Slip from node 1 = 6.405 m
Area of Shaded Portion = ExAxDL = 3112.200 kN-m
Area of Shaded Portion = 3112.2 kN-m
Diferance of these two forces = 3112.2-3112.2 = 0.00 kN-m
Hence O.K.
Length of Cable = (10.634+9)x2 = 39.268 m
Extension of cable at each side = 145.85 mm

Cable 4 12 T15
Deflection Force after Force after
Length (l) in
Node Link
meter
Angle (f) Radian e (mf+kl) friction loss slip loss
Degree (kN) (kN)
1 2386.80 2189.43
1-2 14.643 0.00 0.000 1.0297
2 2317.91 2258.31
2-3 5.000 4.387 0.077 1.0233
3 2265.18 2265.18
14.643 5.000
2386.80 2317.91
1 2 2265.18
= 3
= 2288.11
2258.31 2.825
2189.43
Force Diagram before & after Slip Loss
Assume Force of zero slip = 2288.114 kN
Point of Zero Slip from node 1 = 2.825 m
Area of Shaded Portion = ExAxDL = 1965.600 kN-m
Area of Shaded Portion = 1965.6 kN-m
Diferance of these two forces = 1965.6-1965.6 = 0.00 kN-m
Hence O.K.
Length of Cable = (14.643+5)x2 = 39.286 m
Extension of cable at each side = 146.12 mm

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Cable5 10 T15
Deflection Force after Force after
Length (l) in
Node Link
meter
Angle (f) Radian e (mf+kl) friction loss slip loss
Degree (kN) (kN)
1 1989.00 1828.46
1-2 18.652 0.00 0.000 1.0380
2 1916.17 1901.29
2-3 1.000 4.274 0.075 1.0148
3 1888.24 1888.24
18.652 1.000
1989.00 1916.17
1 2 1888.24
= 3
= 1908.73
1901.29 0.266
1828.46
Force Diagram before & after Slip Loss
Assume Force of zero slip = 1908.728 kN
Point of Zero Slip from node 1 = 0.266 m
Area of Shaded Portion = ExAxDL = 1638.000 kN-m
Area of Shaded Portion = 1638 kN-m
Diferance of these two forces = 1638-1638 = 0.00 kN-m
Hence O.K.
Length of Cable = (18.652+1)x2 = 39.304 m
Extension of cable at each side = 146.37 mm

63 of 96
4.2.2 Summary of Cable Forces after Friction & Slip at different Points
Position Support L/8 L/4 3L/8 L/2
Cable No 0.600 5.350 10.100 14.850 19.600
Cable 1 3411.81 3447.69 3557.93 3559.16 3595.38
Vert. angle 3.576 3.576 3.576 0.000 0.000
Hor. angle 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
C.G. 0.463 0.166 0.150 0.150 0.150
Cable 2 3411.81 3447.69 3557.93 3559.16 3595.38
Vert. angle 3.576 3.576 3.576 0.000 0.000
Hor. angle 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
C. G. 0.463 0.166 0.150 0.150 0.150
Cable 3 3460.73 3496.25 3531.77 3567.30 3584.49
Vert. angle 4.585 4.585 4.585 4.585 0.000
Hor. angle 0.000 0.000 0.200 0.200 0.000
C. G. cable
Total 0.952 0.571 0.190 0.150 0.150
forces
Normal at 10259.99 10367.02 10622.45 10674.18 10775.25
first stage
CG of Cable 0.627 0.302 0.163 0.150 0.150
Total cable
forces Per.
702.27 709.58 726.18 285.14 0.00
Cable 4 2192.25 2214.60 2236.94 2259.29 2265.18
Vert. angle 4.387 4.387 4.387 4.387 0.000
Hor. angle 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
C. G. 1.454 1.090 0.725 0.361 0.380
Cable 5 1830.80 1849.35 1867.89 1886.44 1888.24
Vert. angle 4.274 4.274 4.274 4.274 0.000
Hor. angle 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
C. G. 1.955 1.600 1.245 0.890 0.610
Cable 6 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Vert. angle 4.274 4.274 4.274 4.274 0.000
Hor. angle 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
C. G. 1.955 1.600 1.245 0.890 0.610
Total cable
forces 2nd 4011.54 4052.31 4093.09 4133.87 4153.42
stage
CG of Cable 1.682 1.322 0.962 0.602 0.485
Total cable
forces Per.
304.12 307.21 310.30 313.39 0.00
Overall
CG of
0.924 0.589 0.385 0.276 0.243
% loss 16.4 % 15.5 % 13.8 % 13.3 % 12.7 %

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4.2.3 Length of Cables and Extension at each End
Cable NoTotal Length
Extension at each End
Cable 1 39.224 144.89
Cable 2 39.224 144.89
Cable 3 39.268 145.85
Cable 4 39.286 146.12
Cable 5 39.304 146.37
4.3 Stress Calculation of girder
After 14 days casting of Precast Girder, first stage Cables shall be stressed as per given force & elongation.
Second stage Cables shall be stressed after 28 days of casting of precast girder. After that all Precast Girders
shall be erected at bearing locations and Deck slab & X-Girder shall be cast erecting necessary shuttering from
precast girder at 60 days. After 30 days casting of Deck Slab i.e. after 90 days casting of Precast Girder,
all shuttering material shall be removed and SIDL shall be laid. In such case Precast Longitudinal Girder shall be
checked for DL of Precast Girder, wt of Deck slab, wt of X-girder at 60 days. But composite girder
(precast girder+RCC deck) shall be checked for SIDL & Live load cases.
4.3.1 Loss calculation
4.3.1.1 Loss due to Elastic Shortening
Refer clause no.6.4.2.2, Annexure A-2 of IRC 112-2011 Average loss in Cable Stress = 1/2 m f c
f cm (t) = bcc(t)f cm bcc(t) = exp{S[1-(28/(t/t1)0^0.5]}
f ck = Grade of concrete = M 50
f cm (t) = mean concrete compressive strength at age 't' days
f cm = mean concrete compressive strength at age '28' days = 60 Mpa
t = Age of concrete in days = 14 days
t1 = 1 day S = 0.25
bcc(t) = 0.90 f cm (t) = 54.10 Mpa
f ck (t) = 44.10 Mpa
corresponding Ecm = 22x(f cm/12.5)^0.3 = 34.14 Gpa
Ep = 195.00 Gpa m =Modular Ratio = Ec/Ecj = 5.71
To calculate average stress fc at CG of Cables due to Prestress and
Depth of Girder = 2.600 m Assume, Elastic Shortening = 119.84 kN/Cable
3.17 %
Area of each Cable = 2660.00 mm
2
Number of cables (cable 1 to 3) = 3.00 Nos
Sectional Properties of Precast Girder at Midspan = Sectional Properties of Precast Girder at Support =
2 2
Area = 1.165 m Area = 2.399 m
4 4
I= 0.966 m I= 1.403 m
CG = 1.305 m CG = 1.330 m
Sustained Stress of precast girder only at 14 days :-
SectionCable Force (kN) Cable CG Stress Dead Load Dead Load Total Stress at
After fr. & After fr., slip
slip loss & ES loss
T -2.17 -0.02 -2.19
End 10259.99 9900.47 0.627 -16.87 7.62
B 10.72 0.02 10.74
T -4.87 3.35 -1.52
L/8 10367.02 10007.50 0.302 2498.22 16.43
B 22.17 -3.38 18.79
T -6.90 5.65 -1.26
L/4 10622.45 10262.93 0.163 4212.21 17.69
B 24.66 -5.69 18.96
T -7.12 7.03 -0.09
3L/8 10674.18 10314.67 0.150 5245.35 16.84
B 24.97 -7.09 17.87
T -7.19 7.47 0.28
L/2 10775.25 10415.73 0.150 5573.92 16.67
B 25.21 -7.54 17.68

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 Average stress fc = (7.62+2x(16.43+17.69+16.84)+16.67)/8 = 15.78 Mpa
Average Loss of cable stress = 1/2 m fc = 45.05 Mpa
Loss of each cable due to Elastic shortening = 1/2 m fc As = 119.84 kN
-7.19 Mpa 7.47 Mpa 0.28 Mpa
> -2.26
Mpa
X X
+ = < 25.97
Mpa
Hence O.K.

25.21
Stress due to Mpa -7.54 Mpa 17.68 Mpa
Resultant
Precast 1st stage Stress due to Stress at 7
Girder stressing after DL of Girder days
Stress Diagram at Midspan of Precast Girder at 14 days of Casting of Girder
Permissible Compressive stress 0.48xfcm(t) = 25.97 MPa
Permissible tensile stress 0.7xftmj = 2.26 MPa

4.3.1.2 Loss due to Relaxation of Steel (clause no. 6.3.6 of IRC 112-2011)
Total Relaxation Loss at service condition = 3 x (1000 hr. value)
Initial force after Friction, slip & ES loss (9900+2x(10007+10263+10315)+10416)/8 = 10185.80 kN
Percentage of Initial force = 0.687 UTS
Relaxation Loss at 1000hr. for low relaxation steel = 2.34 % of initial force
Relaxation Loss at 1000hr. for low relaxation steel 10185.8/3x2.34/100 = 79.49 kN/Cable

Immediate Loss i.e 1 hr. of stressing as per Table 6.2 of IRC 112-2011, = 37 % of Total Loss
5 - 28 days Loss 14 days 336 = 42.00 % of Total Loss
28 - 60 days Loss 32 days 768 = 21.00 % of Total Loss
60 - 90 days Loss 30 days = 0.00 % of Total Loss
90 - a days Loss = 200.0 % of Total Loss
i.e. 3 x (1000 hr. value)
Immediate Loss i.e 1 hr. of stressing = 29.41 kN/Cable
5 - 28 days Loss = 33.39 kN/Cable
28 - 60 days Loss = 16.69 kN/Cable
60 - 90 days Loss = 0.00 kN/Cable
90-a days Loss = 158.98 kN/Cable
Total = 238.48 kN/Cable
238.476 6.31 %

4.3.1.3 Computation of shrinkage strain (clause no. 6.4.2.6, IRC:112 - 2011)

Total shrinkage strain, ecs = ecd + ec a
Where, ecd is drying shrinkage strain and eca is autogenous shrinkage strain
Maximum Autogenous shrinkage strain eca = 0.00008 (refer table 6.6 of IRC:112 - 2011)
The development of autogenous shrinkage with time ec a(t) = bas(t) x ec a
Where, bas(t) = 1-esp{-0.2sqrt(t)} where t is in days.
The development of dying shrinkage strain in time ecd(t) = bds(t,ts) * kh x ecd
Where, bds(t,ts) = (t-ts)/[(t-ts)+0.04sqrt(ho^3) End of curing of concrete t s = 14.00 day
kh is a coefficient depending on notional size ho
Grade of concrete = M50 Mean concrete strength fcm = 60.00 MPa
Precast Girder only
C/S area of girder at span A c = 1.165 m2 Perimeter in contact with air u = 8.492 m
Nominal size of precast member h 0=2Ac/u= 274.39 mm
Composite Girder
C/S area of comp. girder at span A c = 1.869 m2 Perimeter in contact with air u = 12.832 m
Nominal size of member h0=2Ac/u = 291.31 mm
The drying shrinkage strain e cd,0 =0.85*((220+110*ads1)*EXP(-ads2*fcm/fcm,o))*b RH/10^6 = 0.0003
Coefficient ads1 (normal cement) = 4.0 Coefficient a ds2 (normal cement) = 0.12
The coefficient b RH = 1.55 x [1-RH/Rho]^3 = 1.02 fcmo = 12.50
Relative humidity of enviroment RH = 70.0 % RHo = 100 %

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 These are expected mean values, with a coefficient of variation of about 30 percent.
Loss of Prestress due to creep, shrinkage and relaxation as per Euro code
DPc+s+r = AP + DsPc+s+r = Ap * (ecs*EP+0.8*DPr+EP/Ecm*f(t,to)*scQP)
1+EP/Ecm*AP/Ac*(1+Ac/Ic*Zcp^2)*(1+0.8*f(t,to))
Development of shrinkage of concrete
Autogenous Nominal size of Drying
Shrinkage Loss due to
Days shrinkage factor member h0 shrinkage kh
strain shrinkage
bas(t) (mm) factor bas(t)

14 0.000 0 0.000 0.000 0.000000 0.00

28 0.653 274 0.071 0.776 0.000072 35.67
60 0.788 291 0.202 0.759 0.000123 25.17
90 0.850 291 0.295 0.759 0.000157 16.86
36500 1.000 291 0.995 0.759 0.000390 115.25
Total 192.949 5.11 %

4.3.1.4 Computation of creep coefficients (clause no. 6.4.2.7, IRC:112 - 2011)

Grade of concrete = M50 Mean concrete strength fcm = 60.00 MPa
The creep coefficient f(t,to) = fo x bc(t,to) as per A2-14of IRC:112 - 2011
Where, fo = fRH x b(fcm) x b(to)
fRH = 1+(1-RH/100)/{0.1*(ho)^1/3} for fcm <= 45MPa
fRH = [1+(1-RH/100)/{0.1*(ho)^1/3} x a1] x a2 for fcm > 45MPa
The coefficient a 1 =(43.75/fcm)^0.7 = 0.80
The coefficient a 2 =(43.75/fcm)^0.2 = 0.94
The coefficient b (fcm) = 18.78/sqrt(fcm) = 2.42
The coefficient b (t0) = 1/(0.1+to^0.2) = 0.56
Where, age of concrete at first loading t 0 = 14 day
bc(t,to) =[(t-to)/(bH +t-to)]^0.3
bH = = 1.5 x [1+(0.012RH)^18] x ho + 250 <= 1500 for fcm <= 35MPa
= 1.5 x [1+(0.012RH)^18] x ho + 250a3 <= 1500a3 for fcm <= 35MPa
The coefficient a 3 =(43.75/fcm)^0.5 = 0.85
For temperature greater than 40oC theby 10% in absence of accurate data coefficient may be increased by 10%
in absence of accurate data. This is valid for concrete using normal cement.
Development of creep
Loss due to
Creep
Days h0 (mm) fRH fo bH bc(t,to) creep of
coeff. fo concrete
14 0 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.00
28 274 1.29 1.737 642.90 0.315 0.602 137.62
60 291 1.28 1.728 669.39 0.439 0.834 63.64
90 291 1.28 1.728 669.39 0.504 0.958 24.81
36500 291 1.28 1.728 669.39 0.995 1.890 179.86
Total 405.93 10.74 %

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4.3.2 Sustained Stress of precast girder at 28 days after stressing of cable
Losses:- Shrinkage = 35.67 kN/Cable
Relaxation = 62.80 kN/Cable
Creep = 137.62 kN/Cable
Total = 236.09 kN/Cable
Total Loss for 3 Cables = 708.27 kN
f ck for 28 days strength = M 50 Modulus of elasticity Ecm 35220 MPa
m =Modular Ratio = Ecm/Ecj = 5.54
Stressing of cable no. 4
Elastic Shortening = 46.72 kN/Cable Nomber of cables 1.526 Nos
Relaxation = 29.41 kN/Cable Depth of Girder 2.6 m
Total = 76.14 kN/Cable
Sectional Properties of Precast Girder at Midspan = Sectional Properties of Precast Girder at Support =
2 2
Area = 1.165 m Area = 2.399 m
4 4
I= 0.966 m I= 1.403 m
CG = 1.305 m CG = 1.330 m
Stress at loss bet. 5 Cable CG Stress dueCable Force (kN) Cable CG Stress Total Stress at cable
After fr.,
Section
After fr. & slip & ES
slip loss loss
T -2.19 0.19 2.87 0.87
End -848.44 0.627 4011.54 3895.33 1.682 7.90
B 10.74 -0.92 0.32 10.14
T -1.52 0.41 3.47 2.35
L/8 -848.44 0.302 4052.31 3936.11 1.322 18.13
B 18.79 -1.88 3.29 20.20
T -1.26 0.57 1.58 0.89
L/4 -848.44 0.163 4093.09 3976.88 0.962 20.85
B 18.96 -2.04 5.26 22.18
T -0.09 0.59 -0.34 0.15
3L/8 -848.44 0.150 4133.87 4017.66 0.602 21.77
B 17.87 -2.05 7.27 23.09
T 0.28 0.59 -0.98 -0.11
L/2 -848.44 0.150 4153.42 4037.21 0.485 22.20
B 17.68 -2.05 7.95 23.57
Average stress ss at CG of cables for 28 days = (7.9+2x(18.13+20.85+21.77)+22.2)/8 = 18.95 Mpa
Loss of cable stress = m (fc-fc') = 17.57 Mpa
Loss of each cable due to Elastic shortening = m fc As = 46.72 kN

0.28 Mpa 0.59 Mpa -0.98 Mpa 0.15 Mpa

> -2.46
Mpa
+ + =
< 25.00
Mpa
17.68
Resultant Mpa -2.05
Stress due to Mpa Stress 7.95
due Mpa Resultant 23.57 Mpa Hence O.K.
Stress at loss between to stressing Stress at 28

Stress Diagram at Midspan of Precast Girder at 28 days of Casting of Girder

Permissible Compressive stress 0.5xfcm = 25.00 MPa

Permissible tensile stress 0.7xftmj = 2.46 MPa

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4.3.3. Sustained Stress of precast girder at 60 days after Casting of Deck with X-Girder
Losses for first 3 cables:- Losses for last 1.474 cable:-
Shrinkage = 25.17 kN/Cable Shrinkage = 25.17 kN/Cable
Relaxation = 16.69 kN/Cable Relaxation = 50.08 kN/Cable
Creep = 63.64 kN/Cable Creep = 63.64 kN/Cable
Total = 105.51 kN/Cable Total = 138.89 kN/Cable
actual time dependent losses = 105.51 kN/Cable actual time dependent losses = 138.89 kN/Cable
Total Loss of 4 Cables = 528.52 kN Actual Loss of third Cables = 212.00 kN
Depth of Precast Girder = 2.600 m
Sectional Properties of Precast Girder at Midspan = Sectional Properties of Precast Girder at Support =
2 2
Area = 1.165 m Area = 2.399 m
4 4
I= 0.966 m I= 1.403 m
CG = 1.305 m CG = 1.330 m

Stress at Cable CG Stress due Total Moment Stress Total

Section 28 days Stress
loss bet. 28 - from soffit to loss due to slab due to slab Stress Stress at cable
(kN/m2) 60 days (kN) (m) (Mpa) (kN/m2) (kN-m) (Mpa) (Mpa) CG (Mpa)
Top of girder 0.87 -0.03 0.84 -0.01 0.83
End -528.52 0.924 -15.70 6.57
Bottom 10.14 -0.42 9.72 0.01 9.73
Top of girder 2.35 0.05 2.41 2.50 4.91
L/8 -528.52 0.589 1865.09 14.04
Bottom 20.20 -0.97 19.24 -2.52 16.71
Top of girder 0.89 0.20 1.09 4.32 5.41
L/4 -528.52 0.385 3220.17 15.04
Bottom 22.18 -1.11 21.07 -4.35 16.72
Top of girder 0.15 0.28 0.43 5.43 5.86
3L/8 -528.52 0.276 4049.54 15.31
Bottom 23.09 -1.19 21.90 -5.47 16.43
Top of girder -0.11 0.30 0.19 5.84 6.02
L/2 -528.52 0.243 4353.21 15.49
Bottom 23.57 -1.21 22.35 -5.89 16.47
Average stress ss at CG of cables for 60 days = (6.57+2x(14.04+15.04+15.31)+15.49)/8 = 13.86 Mpa

-0.11 Mpa 0.30 Mpa 5.84 Mpa 6.02 Mpa

> -2.46
Mpa

+ + =
< 25.00
Mpa
23.57
Resultant Mpa -1.21
Stress due to Mpa Stress-5.89
due Mpa Resultant 16.47 Mpa Hence O.K.
Stress at loss between to DL of Slab Stress at 60

Stress Diagram at Midspan of Precast Girder at 60 days of Casting of Girder

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4.3.4 Sustained stress of composite girder at 90 days
After 30 days casting of Deck Slab i.e.after 90 days casting of Precast Girder, Shuttering to be removed and
Apply of SIDL shall be done.
fck for precast girder at 90 days of Concrete I.e. 100% of fc = 50 Mpa
Ecj = 35.2 Gpa Es = 195 Gpa
m =Modular Ratio = Ec/Ecj = 5.54
Area of each Cable = 2660.00 mm2
Depth of Composite Girder = 2.820 m
Depth of Precast Girder = 2.600 m
Thickness of deck slab = 220 mm

Sectional Properties of Composite Girder at Midspan = Sectional Properties of Composite Girder at Support =
2 2
Area = 1.869 m Area = 3.103 m
4 4
I= 1.834 m I= 2.443 m
CG = 1.835 m CG = 1.643 m
Losses:- Shrinkage = 16.86 kN/Cable
Relaxation = 0.00 kN/Cable
Creep = 24.81 kN/Cable
Total = 41.68 kN/Cable
Total Loss = 188.64 kN/Cable
actual time dependent losses = 188.64 kN
Total Stress
Stress due Loss of CG of Cables Stress due Moment due due to Total Stress at
Section
at 60 days Cables from soffit to loss to SIDL SIDL Stress cable CG
(Mpa) (kN) (m) (Mpa) (kN-m) (Mpa) (Mpa) (Mpa)
Top of slab 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Top of girder 0.83 -0.01 -4.98 0.00 0.82
End -188.64 0.924 6.47
Bottom 9.73 -0.15 0.00 9.58
Top of slab 0.00 0.03 -0.01 0.01
Top of girder 4.91 0.00 -25.64 -0.01 4.90
L/8 -188.64 0.589 13.80
Bottom 16.71 -0.34 0.03 16.40
Top of slab 0.00 0.05 -0.03 0.02
Top of girder 5.41 0.01 -50.45 -0.02 5.40
L/4 -188.64 0.385 14.77
Bottom 16.72 -0.37 0.05 16.40
Top of slab 0.00 0.06 -0.04 0.02
Top of girder 5.86 0.02 -65.28 -0.03 5.85
3L/8 -188.64 0.276 15.01
Bottom 16.43 -0.39 0.07 16.10
Top of slab 0.00 0.06 -0.04 0.02
Top of girder 6.02 0.02 -66.39 -0.03 6.02
L/2 -188.64 0.243 15.19
Bottom 16.47 -0.40 0.07 16.13
Average stress at 90 days = (6.47+2x(13.8+14.77+15.01)+15.19)/8 = 13.60 Mpa
0.00 Mpa 0.06 -0.04 Mpa 0.02 Mpa
6.02 0.02 Mpa -0.03 6.02 Mpa
Mpa Mpa

+ + =

16.47 -0.40 Mpa 0.07 Mpa 16.13 Mpa

Loss of
Resultant
Resultant Cables
Stress due to SIDL Stress at 90
Stress at between 60 to
days
60 days 90 days

Stress Diagram at Midspan of Composite Girder at 90 days

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4.3.5 Sustained Stress of composite girder at a days :-
Losses:- Shrinkage = 115.25 kN/Cable
Relaxation = 158.98 kN/Cable
Creep = 179.86 kN/Cable
Total = 454.09 kN/Cable
Total Loss = 2055.34 kN/Cable
actual time dependent losses = 2055.34 kN

Total Stress
Section Total Stress Loss bet. 90 CG of Cables Stress due at a days Stress at
at 90 days days-a days from soffit to loss without live cable CG
(Mpa) (kN) (m) (Mpa) load (Mpa) (Mpa)
Top of slab 0.00 0.05 0.05
Top of girder 0.82 -0.08 0.73
End -2055.34 0.924 5.37
Bottom 9.58 -1.66 7.93
Top of slab 0.01 0.28 0.29
Top of girder 4.90 -0.03 4.86
L/8 -2055.34 0.589 10.96
Bottom 16.40 -3.66 12.74
Top of slab 0.02 0.50 0.52
Top of girder 5.40 0.14 5.55
L/4 -2055.34 0.385 11.31
Bottom 16.40 -4.08 12.32
Top of slab 0.02 0.62 0.64
Top of girder 5.85 0.24 6.09
3L/8 -2055.34 0.276 11.19
Bottom 16.10 -4.30 11.80
Top of slab 0.02 0.66 0.68
Top of girder 6.02 0.27 6.28
L/2 -2055.34 0.243 11.25
Bottom 16.13 -4.37 11.76
Average stress at a days = (5.37+2x(10.96+11.31+11.19)+11.25)/8 = 10.44 Mpa
0.02 Mpa 0.66 0.68 Mpa
6.02 Mpa 0.27 Mpa 6.28 Mpa < 18 Mpa
Mpa Hence O.K.

+ =

16.13 Mpa -4.37 Mpa 11.76 Mpa > -1.64 Mpa

Hence O.K.
Resultant
Resultant Loss of
Stress at Cables inbet. Stress at a
90 to a days
90 days days

Stress Diagram at Midspan of Composite Girder with SIDL without Live Load at a days

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4.3.6 Stress of composite girder due to live load

Total Live Total Stress

Section Total Stress Load Moment Stress due Stress due to at a days
without live incl snow 0.6 x Wind to Live Load wind Load with live load
load (Mpa) load(kN-m) load (kN-m) (Mpa) (Mpa) (Mpa)
Top of slab 0.05 0.39 0.00 0.45
Top of girder 0.73 819.00 0.51 0.32 0.00 1.05
End
Bottom 7.93 -0.55 0.00 7.38
Top of slab 0.29 1.77 0.08 2.13
Top of girder 4.86 3287.94 142.99 1.37 0.06 6.30
L/8
Bottom 12.74 -3.29 -0.14 9.31
Top of slab 0.52 2.43 0.13 3.08
Top of girder 5.55 4521.66 242.57 1.89 0.10 7.53
L/4
Bottom 12.32 -4.52 -0.24 7.55
Top of slab 0.64 2.78 0.16 3.59
Top of girder 6.09 5179.46 298.78 2.16 0.12 8.38
3L/8
Bottom 11.80 -5.18 -0.30 6.32
Top of slab 0.68 3.15 0.17 4.00
Top of girder 6.28 5869.73 312.84 2.45 0.13 8.86
L/2
Bottom 11.76 -5.87 -0.31 5.58

0.68 Mpa 3.15 Mpa 4.00 Mpa

6.28 Mpa 2.45 8.86 Mpa < 18.00 Mpa
Mpa Hence O.K.

+ =

11.76 Mpa -5.87 Mpa 5.58 Mpa > -1.64 Mpa

Resultant Resultant
Stress due to
Stress at
Live Load Stress at a
a days days
Hence O.K.

Stress Diagram at Midspan of Composite Girder with SIDL & Live Load at a days
Permissible compressive stress in concrete at service = 0.36 x fck = 18.00 Mpa > 8.9 Mpa
Permissible Tensile stress in concrete at service = -1.64 Mpa < 0.4 Mpa Hence O.K.

4.3.7 Summary of Stresses for Precast girder only

Sectional Properties of Precast Girder
Precast Girder Midspan Support Composite Girder Midspan Support
Area = 1.165 2.399 m2 Area = 1.869 3.103 m2
I= 0.966 1.403 m4 I= 1.834 2.443 m4
CG = 1.305 1.330 m CG = 1.835 1.643 m
Z Top of slab = 1.861 2.075 m3
Z Top = 0.746 1.105 m 3 Z Top = 2.396 2.553 m3
Zbottom = 0.740 1.055 m3 Zbottom = 1.000 1.487 m3

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Section
DL of girder+ deck slab Prestressing force & Loss SIDL
Loss of
Moment Stress Prestress CG of cables Loss of pre. Stress Moment
comp. girder Stress (Mpa)
(kN-m) (Mpa) (kN) (m) Girder (kN) (Mpa) (kN-m)
(kN)
Top of slab 0.07 0.06
Top of girder -0.03 0.52 0.05
End -28.08 14271.52 0.924 -1324.17 -2984.49 118.16
Bottom 0.03 7.98 -0.08
Top of slab 0.40 0.28
Top of girder 5.48 -1.39 0.22
L/8 4088.99 14419.33 0.589 -1324.17 -2984.49 529.92
Bottom -5.53 18.62 -0.53
Top of slab 0.73 0.48
Top of girder 9.38 -4.81 0.37
L/4 6997.07 14715.54 0.385 -1324.17 -2984.49 892.69
Bottom -9.46 22.23 -0.89
Top of slab 0.90 0.59
Top of girder 11.87 -6.69 0.46
3L/8 8852.61 14808.05 0.276 -1324.17 -2984.49 1096.72
Bottom -11.97 24.09 -1.10
Top of slab 0.96 0.62
Top of girder 12.60 -7.31 0.48
L/2 9397.58 14928.67 0.243 -1324.17 -2984.49 1150.00
Bottom -12.70 24.87 -1.15

Section Live load Wind load - loaded structure Temp (+ve) Temp (-ve)
Moment Stress Moment (kN- Stress Stress Stress
(kN-m) (Mpa) m) (Mpa) (Mpa) (Mpa)
Top of slab 0.39 0.00 4.81 -2.70
Top of girder 0.32 0.00 -1.02 0.85
End 819.00 0.51
Bottom -0.55 0.00 1.87 -2.70
Top of slab 1.77 0.08 4.81 -2.70
Top of girder 1.37 0.06 -1.02 0.85
L/8 3287.94 142.99
Bottom -3.29 -0.14 1.87 -2.70
Top of slab 2.43 0.13 4.81 -2.70
Top of girder 1.89 0.10 -1.02 0.85
L/4 4521.66 242.57
Bottom -4.52 -0.24 1.87 -2.70
Top of slab 2.78 0.16 4.81 -2.70
Top of girder 2.16 0.12 -1.02 0.85
3L/8 5179.46 298.78
Bottom -5.18 -0.30 1.87 -2.70
Top of slab 3.15 0.17 4.81 -2.70
Top of girder 2.45 0.13 -1.02 0.85
L/2 5869.73 312.84
Bottom -5.87 -0.31 1.87 -2.70

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4.3.8 Load Combination for Rare Combination (SL1)
1) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress
2) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+ wind load(lead) (unloaded structure)
3) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+Live load(lead)+wind load (accompany)
4) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+Live load(accompany)+wind load (lead)
5) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+Live load(lead)+Temperature(accompany)
6) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+Live load(accompany)+Temperature(lead)
a) Load combination
Load
1 (a) 1 (b) 2 (a) 2 (b) 3 (a) 3 (b) 4 (a) 4 (b) 5 (a)
Case
DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2
Prestress 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9
Live load 1 1 0.75 0.75 1
Wind
load 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 1 1
Temp
(+ve) 0.6
Temp (-
ve)

Load
5 (b) 5 (c) 5 (d) 6 (a) 6 (b) 6 (c) 6 (d)
Case
DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1
Prestress 0.9
0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9
Live load 1 1 1 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75
Wind
load
Temp
(+ve) 0.6 1 1
Temp (-
ve) 0.6 0.6 1 1

Load
7 (a) 7 (b) 8 (a) 8 (b) 9 (a) 9 (b) 10 (a) 10 (b) 11 (a)
Case
DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2
Prestress 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
Live load 1 1 0.75 0.75 1
Wind
load 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 1 1
Temp
(+ve) 0.6
Temp (-
ve)

Load
11 (b) 11 (c) 11 (d) 12 (a) 12 (b) 12 (c) 12 (d)
Case
DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1
Prestress 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
Live load 1 1 1 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75
Wind
load
Temp
(+ve) 0.6 1 1
Temp (-
ve) 0.6 0.6 1 1

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b) Stresses of girder at different load casees
Section 1 (a) 1 (b) 2 (a) 2 (b) 3 (a) 3 (b) 4 (a) 4 (b) 5 (a)
Top of slab 0.13 0.12 0.13 0.12 0.53 0.52 0.43 0.42 3.41
Top of girder 0.49 0.48 0.49 0.48 0.81 0.81 0.73 0.73 0.20
End
Bottom 7.11 7.13 7.11 7.13 6.56 6.57 6.70 6.71 7.68
Top of slab 0.70 0.65 0.75 0.69 2.52 2.46 2.10 2.05 5.35
Top of girder 4.50 4.45 4.53 4.49 5.90 5.86 5.59 5.54 5.26
L/8
Bottom 10.59 10.70 10.50 10.61 7.22 7.32 7.98 8.09 8.42
Top of slab 1.23 1.13 1.31 1.21 3.74 3.64 3.18 3.09 6.54
Top of girder 5.49 5.42 5.56 5.48 7.44 7.37 7.01 6.94 6.77
L/4
Bottom 9.47 9.65 9.33 9.51 4.81 4.99 5.84 6.02 6.07
Top of slab 1.52 1.40 1.62 1.50 4.40 4.28 3.77 3.65 7.18
Top of girder 6.40 6.31 6.47 6.38 8.63 8.54 8.14 8.05 7.95
3L/8
Bottom 8.40 8.62 8.22 8.44 3.04 3.26 4.21 4.43 4.34
Top of slab 1.60 1.48 1.70 1.58 4.86 4.73 4.13 4.01 7.64
Top of girder 6.59 6.50 6.67 6.58 9.12 9.03 8.56 8.46 8.43
L/2
Bottom 8.30 8.53 8.11 8.34 2.24 2.47 3.58 3.81 3.55

Section 5 (b) 5 (c ) 5 (d) 6 (a) 6 (b) 6 (c) 6 (c) Max comp. Max Tension
Top of slab 3.40 -1.09 -1.10 5.23 5.22 -2.27 -2.28 5.23 -2.28
Top of girder 0.20 1.32 1.31 -0.28 -0.29 1.58 1.57 1.58 -0.29
End
Bottom 7.69 4.94 4.96 8.56 8.58 4.00 4.02 8.58 4.00
Top of slab 5.30 0.85 0.79 6.83 6.78 -0.67 -0.73 6.83 -0.73
Top of girder 5.21 6.38 6.33 4.51 4.46 6.37 6.33 6.38 4.45
L/8
Bottom 8.53 5.68 5.79 9.99 10.10 5.43 5.53 10.70 5.43
Top of slab 6.45 2.04 1.94 7.86 7.76 0.35 0.25 7.86 0.25
Top of girder 6.70 7.89 7.82 5.89 5.82 7.76 7.68 7.89 5.42
L/4
Bottom 6.25 3.33 3.51 7.95 8.13 3.39 3.57 9.65 3.33
Top of slab 7.07 2.68 2.56 8.41 8.29 0.90 0.79 8.41 0.79
Top of girder 7.86 9.07 8.98 7.00 6.91 8.87 8.78 9.07 6.31
3L/8
Bottom 4.55 1.60 1.82 6.38 6.60 1.81 2.03 8.62 1.60
Top of slab 7.51 3.13 3.01 8.77 8.65 1.26 1.14 8.77 1.14
Top of girder 8.34 9.55 9.46 7.41 7.32 9.28 9.18 9.55 6.50
L/2
Bottom 3.78 0.81 1.04 5.76 5.99 1.20 1.43 8.53 0.81

Section 7 (a) 7 (b) 8 (a) 8 (b) 9 (a) 9 (b) 10 (a) 10 (b) 11 (a)
Top of slab 0.15 0.14 0.15 0.14 0.54 0.53 0.44 0.43 3.43
Top of girder 0.60 0.59 0.60 0.59 0.92 0.91 0.84 0.83 0.31
End
Bottom 8.70 8.72 8.70 8.72 8.15 8.17 8.29 8.31 9.27
Top of slab 0.78 0.73 0.83 0.77 2.60 2.54 2.18 2.13 5.43
Top of girder 4.22 4.17 4.25 4.21 5.63 5.58 5.31 5.26 4.98
L/8
Bottom 14.31 14.42 14.23 14.33 10.94 11.04 11.70 11.81 12.14
Top of slab 1.38 1.28 1.45 1.36 3.88 3.79 3.33 3.23 6.69
Top of girder 4.53 4.46 4.59 4.52 6.48 6.41 6.05 5.97 5.81
L/4
Bottom 13.92 14.10 13.78 13.95 9.25 9.43 10.29 10.46 10.52
Top of slab 1.70 1.58 1.80 1.68 4.58 4.46 3.95 3.83 7.37
Top of girder 5.06 4.97 5.13 5.04 7.30 7.20 6.81 6.71 6.61
3L/8
Bottom 13.21 13.43 13.03 13.25 7.85 8.07 9.03 9.25 9.15

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Top of slab 1.79 1.67 1.89 1.77 5.05 4.92 4.33 4.20 7.83
Top of girder 5.13 5.03 5.21 5.11 7.66 7.56 7.10 7.00 6.97
L/2
Bottom 13.27 13.50 13.08 13.31 7.21 7.44 8.56 8.79 8.52

Section 11 (b) 11 (c) 11 (d) 12 (a) 12 (b) 12 (c) 12 (d) Max comp. Max Tension
Top of slab 3.41 -1.08 -1.09 5.25 5.24 -2.26 -2.27 5.25 -2.27
Top of girder 0.30 1.43 1.42 -0.18 -0.19 1.69 1.68 1.69 -0.19
End
Bottom 9.29 6.54 6.55 10.16 10.17 5.60 5.61 10.17 5.60
Top of slab 5.38 0.93 0.87 6.91 6.86 -0.59 -0.65 6.91 -0.65
Top of girder 4.94 6.10 6.06 4.23 4.19 6.10 6.05 6.10 4.17
L/8
Bottom 12.25 9.41 9.51 13.71 13.82 9.15 9.26 14.42 9.15
Top of slab 6.59 2.18 2.09 8.00 7.91 0.50 0.40 8.00 0.40
Top of girder 5.73 6.93 6.85 4.93 4.86 6.80 6.72 6.93 4.46
L/4
Bottom 10.70 7.78 7.96 12.39 12.57 7.83 8.01 14.10 7.78
Top of slab 7.25 2.86 2.74 8.59 8.47 1.08 0.97 8.59 0.97
Top of girder 6.52 7.73 7.64 5.66 5.57 7.53 7.44 7.73 4.97
3L/8
Bottom 9.37 6.42 6.64 11.19 11.41 6.63 6.85 13.43 6.42
Top of slab 7.71 3.32 3.20 8.96 8.84 1.46 1.33 8.96 1.33
Top of girder 6.87 8.09 7.99 5.95 5.85 7.82 7.72 8.09 5.03
L/2
Bottom 8.75 5.78 6.01 10.73 10.96 6.17 6.40 13.50 5.78
Permissible compressive stress in concrete at service = 0.48 x fck = 24.00 Mpa > 14.4 Mpa
Permissible Tensile stress in concrete at service = -2.46 Mpa < 0.81 Mpa Hence O.K.
Stress with/without Live load at top of deck slab near support section only exceeds the permissible tensile stress i.e. 2.29Mpa.
Necessary reinforcement shall be provided to resist the tensile stress of deck slab.
Maximum tensile force = -921.73 kN Permissible working stress = 240.00 MPa
2
Area of reinforcement required = 3339.6 mm2 Ast provided= 6031.86 mm
Hence Provide 12 T @ 120 c/c +10 T @ 120 c/c at top

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4.3.9 Load Combination for frequent Combination (SL2) - for prestressing member
1) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress
2) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+ wind load(lead) (unloaded structure)
3) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+Live load(lead)+wind load (accompany)
4) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+Live load(accompany)+wind load (lead)
5) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+Live load(lead)+Temperature(accompany)
6) Dead load +SIDL+Prestress+Live load(accompany)+Temperature(lead)
a) Load combination
Load
1 (a) 1 (b) 2 (a) 2 (b) 3 (a) 3 (b) 4 (a) 4 (b) 5 (a)
Case
DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2
Prestress 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9
Live load 0.75 0.75 0.2 0.2 0.75
Wind
load 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6
Temp
(+ve) 0.5
Temp (-
ve)

Load
5 (b) 5 (c) 5 (d) 6 (a) 6 (b) 6 (c) 6 (d)
Case
DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1
Prestress 0.9
0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9
Live load 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Wind
load
Temp
(+ve) 0.5 0.6 0.6
Temp (-
ve) 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6

Load
7 (a) 7 (b) 8 (a) 8 (b) 9 (a) 9 (b) 10 (a) 10 (b) 11 (a)
Case
DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2
Prestress 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
Live load 0.75 0.75 0.2 0.2 0.75
Wind
load 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6
Temp
(+ve) 0.5
Temp (-
ve)

Load
11 (b) 11 (c) 11 (d) 12 (a) 12 (b) 12 (c) 12 (d)
Case
DL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 1 1.2 1 1.2 1 1.2 1
Prestress 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
Live load 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Wind
load
Temp
(+ve) 0.5 0.6 0.6
Temp (-
ve) 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6

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b) Stresses of girder at different load casees
Section 1 (a) 1 (b) 2 (a) 2 (b) 3 (a) 3 (b) 4 (a) 4 (b) 5 (a)
Top of slab 0.13 0.12 0.13 0.12 0.43 0.42 0.21 0.20 2.83
Top of girder 0.49 0.48 0.49 0.48 0.73 0.73 0.56 0.55 0.23
End
Bottom 7.11 7.13 7.11 7.13 6.70 6.71 7.00 7.02 7.63
Top of slab 0.70 0.65 0.75 0.69 2.07 2.01 1.10 1.05 4.43
Top of girder 4.50 4.45 4.53 4.49 5.56 5.51 4.81 4.76 5.02
L/8
Bottom 10.59 10.70 10.50 10.61 8.05 8.16 9.85 9.95 9.06
Top of slab 1.23 1.13 1.31 1.21 3.12 3.02 1.79 1.70 5.45
Top of girder 5.49 5.42 5.56 5.48 6.96 6.89 5.93 5.86 6.40
L/4
Bottom 9.47 9.65 9.33 9.51 5.96 6.14 8.42 8.60 7.02
Top of slab 1.52 1.40 1.62 1.50 3.69 3.57 2.17 2.05 6.01
Top of girder 6.40 6.31 6.47 6.38 8.08 7.99 6.90 6.81 7.51
3L/8
Bottom 8.40 8.62 8.22 8.44 4.36 4.58 7.18 7.40 5.44
Top of slab 1.60 1.48 1.70 1.58 4.05 3.93 2.33 2.21 6.37
Top of girder 6.59 6.50 6.67 6.58 8.50 8.40 7.16 7.07 7.92
L/2
Bottom 8.30 8.53 8.11 8.34 3.74 3.97 6.94 7.17 4.83

Section 5 (b) 5 (c ) 5 (d) 6 (a) 6 (b) 6 (c) 6 (c) Max comp. Max Tension
Top of slab 2.82 -0.92 -0.93 3.10 3.08 -1.41 -1.42 3.10 -1.42
Top of girder 0.22 1.16 1.15 -0.05 -0.06 1.07 1.06 1.16 -0.06
End
Bottom 7.65 5.35 5.36 8.12 8.13 5.38 5.40 8.13 5.35
Top of slab 4.37 0.68 0.62 3.94 3.88 -0.57 -0.62 4.43 -0.62
Top of girder 4.97 5.95 5.91 4.16 4.12 5.28 5.24 5.95 4.12
L/8
Bottom 9.16 6.78 6.88 11.05 11.16 8.31 8.42 11.16 6.78
Top of slab 5.36 1.70 1.60 4.60 4.50 0.09 0.00 5.45 0.00
Top of girder 6.33 7.33 7.26 5.26 5.19 6.38 6.31 7.33 5.19
L/4
Bottom 7.19 4.73 4.91 9.69 9.87 6.95 7.13 9.87 4.73
Top of slab 5.89 2.26 2.14 4.96 4.84 0.45 0.34 6.01 0.34
Top of girder 7.42 8.44 8.35 6.22 6.13 7.34 7.25 8.44 6.13
3L/8
Bottom 5.66 3.16 3.38 8.48 8.70 5.74 5.96 8.70 3.16
Top of slab 6.25 2.62 2.49 5.11 4.99 0.61 0.49 6.37 0.49
Top of girder 7.83 8.85 8.76 6.47 6.38 7.59 7.50 8.85 6.38
L/2
Bottom 5.06 2.55 2.78 8.24 8.47 5.51 5.74 8.53 2.55

Section 7 (a) 7 (b) 8 (a) 8 (b) 9 (a) 9 (b) 10 (a) 10 (b) 11 (a)
Top of slab 0.15 0.14 0.15 0.14 0.44 0.43 0.23 0.22 2.85
Top of girder 0.60 0.59 0.60 0.59 0.84 0.83 0.66 0.65 0.33
End
Bottom 8.70 8.72 8.70 8.72 8.29 8.31 8.59 8.61 9.22
Top of slab 0.78 0.73 0.83 0.77 2.15 2.09 1.18 1.13 4.51
Top of girder 4.22 4.17 4.25 4.21 5.28 5.23 4.53 4.48 4.74
L/8
Bottom 14.31 14.42 14.23 14.33 11.78 11.88 13.57 13.68 12.78
Top of slab 1.38 1.28 1.45 1.36 3.26 3.17 1.94 1.84 5.60
Top of girder 4.53 4.46 4.59 4.52 6.00 5.92 4.97 4.90 5.44
L/4
Bottom 13.92 14.10 13.78 13.95 10.41 10.59 12.87 13.05 11.46
Top of slab 1.70 1.58 1.80 1.68 3.87 3.75 2.35 2.23 6.19
Top of girder 5.06 4.97 5.13 5.04 6.74 6.65 5.57 5.48 6.17
3L/8
Bottom 13.21 13.43 13.03 13.25 9.18 9.40 12.00 12.22 10.26
Top of slab 1.79 1.67 1.89 1.77 4.24 4.12 2.52 2.40 6.56
Top of girder 5.13 5.03 5.21 5.11 7.03 6.94 5.70 5.60 6.46
L/2
Bottom 13.27 13.50 13.08 13.31 8.71 8.94 11.91 12.14 9.80

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 Section 11 (b) 11 (c) 11 (d) 12 (a) 12 (b) 12 (c) 12 (d) Max comp. Max Tension
Top of slab 2.84 -0.91 -0.92 3.11 3.10 -1.39 -1.41 3.11 -1.41
Top of girder 0.32 1.26 1.25 0.05 0.04 1.17 1.16 1.26 0.04
End
Bottom 9.24 6.94 6.96 9.71 9.73 6.98 6.99 9.73 6.94
Top of slab 4.45 0.76 0.70 4.02 3.96 -0.48 -0.54 4.51 -0.54
Top of girder 4.69 5.67 5.63 3.88 3.84 5.00 4.96 5.67 3.84
L/8
Bottom 12.89 10.50 10.60 14.78 14.88 12.04 12.14 14.88 10.50
Top of slab 5.50 1.85 1.75 4.74 4.65 0.24 0.14 5.60 0.14
Top of girder 5.36 6.37 6.30 4.30 4.22 5.42 5.34 6.37 4.22
L/4
Bottom 11.64 9.18 9.36 14.14 14.31 11.40 11.58 14.31 9.18
Top of slab 6.07 2.44 2.32 5.14 5.02 0.63 0.52 6.19 0.52
Top of girder 6.08 7.11 7.01 4.88 4.79 6.00 5.91 7.11 4.79
3L/8
Bottom 10.48 7.98 8.20 13.30 13.52 10.56 10.78 13.52 7.98
Top of slab 6.44 2.81 2.68 5.31 5.18 0.80 0.68 6.56 0.68
Top of girder 6.36 7.39 7.30 5.01 4.91 6.13 6.03 7.39 4.91
L/2
Bottom 10.03 7.52 7.75 13.22 13.45 10.48 10.71 13.50 7.52

Permissible compressive stress in concrete at service = 0.36 x fck = 18.00 Mpa > 14.9 Mpa
Permissible Tensile stress in concrete at service = 0.00 Mpa < 2.55 Mpa Hence O.K.

4.4 Check for ultimate strength of girder in Flexure :-

Grade of concrete = M50 Modulus of elasticity of concrete Ecm = 35220 MPa
Design yield strength fpd = 22.33 MPa Modulus of elasticity of steel = 195.00 Gpa
3200 0.00350 22.33
220 16933 kN
508.96
NA NA
2820 300

243 250 0.0142 16933 kN

Strain Diagram Stress Diagram
900
Top width of girder = 3200 mm Thickness of compression flange = 220 mm
Width of web = 300 mm Distance of prestress CG from bottom = 243 mm
Depth of girder = 2820 mm
Balanced neutral axis depth = 1758 mm Actual neutral axis depth 508.96 mm
Total strain at the prestress CG = 0.01422 The Section is under reinforced
Total ultimate compressive force = 16933 kN Total ultimate tensile force = 16933 kN
Compressive force CG 211.73 mm Moment of resistance = 40051 kNm
> 23973 kNm Hence O.K.
At support Near L/8 Near L/4 Near 3L/8 At L/2
Ultimate moment 91 11594 18155 22088 23973
Horizontal prestress after all losses (kN) 10087 10234 10531 10623 10744
Pre-strain in the cables after all losses 0.00430 0.00436 0.00449 0.00452 0.00458
Distance of prestress CG from bottom (mm) 924 589 385 276 243
Total width of web (mm) 900 300 300 300 300
Assumed neutral axis from top (mm) 402 509 509 509 509
Total strain at the prestress CG 0.0173 0.0162 0.0177 0.0185 0.0188
Average prestress at failure (MPa) 1406 1406 1406 1406 1406
Total compressive force by concrete (kN) 16933 16933 16933 16933 16933
Total tensile force by prestressing steel (kN) 16933 16933 16933 16933 16933
Difference in forces 0 0 0 0 0
Moment of resistance (kNm) 31401 35728 39177 41032 41593
Effective lever arm between forces (m) 1.854 2.110 2.314 2.423 2.456
Factor of Safety associated with failure 343.79 3.08 2.16 1.86 1.73

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4.5 Design of Shear
Total loss after friction & Slip Loss
Description 1st stage stressing % Loss 2nd stage stressing % Loss
At 5 days
Elastic shortening 119.84 kN 3.2 %
Relaxation 29.41 kN 0.8 %
At 28 days
Elastic shortening 46.72 kN 1.2 % 46.72 kN 1.2 %
Shrinkage 35.67 kN 0.9 %
Relaxation 62.80 kN 1.7 % 29.41 kN 0.8 %
Creep 137.62 kN 3.6 %
At 60 days
Shrinkage 25.17 kN 0.7 % 25.17 kN 0.7 %
Relaxation 16.69 kN 0.4 % 50.08 kN 1.3 %
Creep 63.64 kN 1.7 % 63.64 kN 1.7 %
At 90 days
Shrinkage 16.86 kN 0.4 % 16.86 kN 0.4 %
Relaxation 0.00 kN 0.0 % 0.00 kN 0.0 %
Creep 24.81 kN 0.7 % 24.81 kN 0.7 %
At a days
Shrinkage 115.25 kN 3.0 % 115.25 kN 3.0 %
Relaxation 158.98 kN 4.2 % 158.98 kN 4.2 %
Creep 179.86 kN 4.8 % 179.86 kN 4.8 %
Total 1033.33 kN/cable 27.3 % 710.79 kN 18.8 %
Total loss 4184.90 kN

Vertical Component of Cable Force (kN)

Position Support L/8 L/4 3L/8 L/2
Cable No 0.600 5.350 10.100 14.850 19.600
Cable 1 3411.81 3447.69 3557.93 3559.16 3595.38
Vert. angle 3.58 3.58 3.58 0.00 0.00
Cable 2 3411.81 3447.69 3557.93 3559.16 3595.38
Vert. angle 3.58 3.58 3.58 0.00 0.00
Cable 3 3460.73 3496.25 3531.77 3567.30 3584.49
Vert. angle 4.39 4.39 4.39 4.39 0.00
Total Ver.
Comp. of
482.40 489.59 506.06 193.82 0.00
cable 1 to
3

Ultimate Shear at Sections :-

Ultimate Shear 2930 2081 1137 959 331
Moment 91 11594 18155 22088 23973

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4.5.1 Section not requiring design shear reinforcement
i) Shear Capacity of Cracked Section as per clause 10.3.2(2) of IRC 112-2010
VRD.C = [0.12*K(80*r1*fck)^0.33+0.15scp]*bw*d Subject to VRD.C MIN = {vmin + 0.15sCP)*bw*d
Where, K = 1+sqrt(200/d) <= 2 Where, d is in millimeters
r1 = Asl/(bw*d) <= 0.02 fck = 50 Mpa
scp = NEd/Ac <= 0.2xfcd Where, NEd = axial compression, Ac = Area of section
vmin = 0.031*K^1.5*fck^0.5 fcd = acc*fck/gm where, acc =0.67 and gm = 1.5
Description Support L/8 L/4 3L/8 L/2
Prestress Force after all losses (kN) 10086.6 10234.4 10530.6 10623.2 10743.8
Effective width of the web in mm 900 300 300 300 300
Effective Depth of precast Section (d) in mm 1676 2011 2215 2324 2357
Effective Depth of composite Section (d) in mm 1896 2231 2435 2544 2577
K 1.325 1.299 1.287 1.280 1.279
Stress due to Prestress (scp) (Mpa) 4.467 4.467 4.467 4.467 4.467
Shear Resistance minimum (VRd,cmin) (kN) 1714.0 665.9 723.0 753.7 763.0
Reinforcement ratio considering Tendons, r1 0.007 0.018 0.016 0.016 0.016
Shear resistance ( VRd,c) (kN) 1960.4 876.5 938.6 971.8 981.7
Design Shear resistance ( VRd,c) (kN) 1714.0 665.9 723.0 753.7 763.0

ii) Shear Capacity of Uncracked Section as per clause 10.3.2(2) of IRC 112-2010
The shear resistance of the beam section uncracked in flexure is given below:-
VRd,c = ( I * bwc )/ S x √ (fctd2 + k1 scp fctd)
Where, I = Moment of inertia bwc= Width of beam after deduction due to duct
S = First moment of area between cetroidal axis and extreme compression fibre about the centrodial axis.
fctd = design tensile strength of concrete = fctk/gm = 1.64 Mpa
Description Support L/8 L/4 3L/8 L/2
Prestress Force after 10086.6 10234.4 10530.6 10623.2 10743.8
Effective width of the 900 300 300 300 300
Effective Depth of 1896 2231 2435 2544 2577
Stress due to 4.467 4.467 4.467 4.467 4.467
Design tensile 1.64 1.64 1.64 1.64 1.64
First moment of 4.94E+09 2.92E+09 2.92E+09 2.92E+09 2.92E+09
Transmission length 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Moment of Inertia (I) 2.4E+12 1.8E+12 1.8E+12 1.8E+12 1.8E+12
Design Shear
1407.3 596.6 596.6 596.6 596.6
resistance ( VRd,c)
iii) Summary of the Shear resistance of the Beam when shear reinforcement isn't required :
The maximum shear capacity of the Beam as cl.10.3.2 (5) of IRC 112-2010
VEd ≤ 0.50 bw d n fcd where, n = 0.60 [ 1 - fck/310]
Description Support L/8 L/4 3L/8 L/2
Distance from bearing in m 0.00 4.75 9.50 14.25 19.00
Distance modification factor b for Precast Beam 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Distance modification factor b for Composite 0.25 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Effective Shear for Precast Beam 2930.1 2080.8 1136.6 959.5 331.5
Effective Shear for Composite Section (kN) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Effective Shear due to prestressing force (kN) 482.4 489.6 506.1 193.8 0.0
Total Shear force for the Beam (kN) 2447.7 1591.2 630.6 765.7 331.5
Precast member Area (m2) 2.40 1.17 1.17 1.17 1.17
Zb (m3) 1.06 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74
Composite member Area (m2) 3.10 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.87
Zb (m3) 1.49 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Stress due to prestress at tensile fibre s bpt (MPa) 0.6945 -1.4077 -5.3231 -7.4650 -8.1707
Section at Maximum Bending Moment Uncracked Cracked Cracked Cracked Cracked
Shear capacity of Beam Section (kN) 1407.28 665.87 723.00 753.69 762.96
Maximum shear capacity of the Section (kN) 9591 3762 4104 4289 4344
Not Not
Whether shear reinforcement required or not Required Required Required
Required Required

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 iv) Calculation of Shear Resistance when Shear Reinforcement is Required ::
The design for the Vertical stirrups for resisting shear is calculated in the table below as per Cl. No. 10.3.3.2 of IRC:112-2011.
The shear resistance with vertical stirrups is given by,
VRd,s = Asw / s. z. fywd cot q by Crushing of Compression strut
VRd,max = acw bw z v1 fcd / (cot q + tan q) by yielding of the Vertical reinforcement
Grade of reinforcement = Fe 500 Grade of concrete = M50
Design Tensile stress in stirrups (fywd= 0.8fyk/gm) = 347.8 Mpa Concrete Strength (fcd) : = 22.3 Mpa
Minimum Shear reinf. ratio = 0.072sqrt(fck)/fyk = 0.00102 Coeff accounting stress in compression chord n1
Design of Vertical Transverse reinforcement (a = 90 )
o
= 0.60

Description Support L/8 L/4 3L/8 L/2

Shear demand of Beam (kN) 2447.7 1591.2 630.6 765.7 331.5
Lever arm taken from flexural analysis z (m) 1.85 2.11 2.31 2.42 2.46
Angle of compression strut q (degrees)
-1.24E+127 14.29 15.43 15.43 15.43 15.43
Dia of shear reinforcement provided (mm) 12+10 10 10 10 10
Number of legs provided 2 2 2 2 2
Spacing of stirrups provided (mm) 160 160 160 160 160
Minimum area of Shear reinf. reqd Asw/s (mm2/mm) 0.92 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31
2
Area of shear reinf provided Asw/s (mm /mm) 2.395 0.982 0.982 0.982 0.982
Check O.K. O.K. O.K. O.K. O.K.
Shear
6064 2610 2862 2998 3039
resistance
Coeff
1.200 1.200 1.200 1.200 1.200
accountin
Shear
6421 2610 2862 2998 3039
capacity
Differenc
356.72 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
e in shear
Shear capacity of the Section (kN) 6064.22 2610.39 2862.37 2997.93 3038.90
Factor of Safety associated with failure 2.48 1.64 4.54 3.92 9.17
Increase in longitudinal tensile force DFtd (kN) 4803.43 2882.61 1142.34 1387.05 600.48
Total longitudinal tensile force (kN) 4852.69 8377.60 8989.33 10502.34 10360.50
Permissible longitudinal tensile force (kN) 16933.38 16933.38 16933.38 16933.38 16933.38
Check Hence O.K. Hence O.K. Hence O.K. Hence O.K. Hence O.K.

4.6. Anchor Block

Check Bearing pressure As per Euro code EC2, Anex-J
According to Manufacture's Catalog
Size of anchor flange = 275 mm Dia of Hole = 115 mm
fcj = Cube strength = 44.10 N/mm2
fcj = Cylender strength 35.28 N/mm2
A2 = 900*500 = 239613.1 mm2
Now, Maximum Cable Force after immediate Losses = 3336.40 T
As per Manufacture's recommendation = 40% of above force to be taken by End Bearing
= 60% of above force to be taken by Anchorage
Cone and Concrete by friction
Bearing stress = N/A1 13.92 N/mm2 < 21.17 N/mm2 Hence O.K.

Busting reinforcement in end block

2Yo = 275 mm 2Ypo = 275 mm
Ypo/Yo = 1.00 As per Table 13.1 of IRC 112-2011 Fbst/Pk = 0.120
Fbst = 0.12x1.3x3336.4 = 520.48 kN
Area of Steel Required = Fbst/(0.87xfy) = 1375.98 mm2
Hence Provide 16T- 2L -4Nos along Web and Normal to Web Ast = 1608.50 mm2

Ast 0.15 P max/fyd gp

fyd 435 N/mm2
gp 1.2
Ast 1380.58 mm2
For Avoid checking crack width we have considered fyd=250 N/mm2
Ast 2402.209 mm2
Use 20 f spiral with 250 mm inner dia and 60 mm spacing
Ast 5026.548 mm2

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 Spalling Reinforcement 0.03x P max /fyd x gp
480.442 mm2
Provide 2 no 16 dia bar each side 402.1 mm2

Hence allowable stress behind anchorage has been suitbly increased by providing hoop reinforcement
CEB-FIP model code has been used to calculate the increase in permissible bearing stress.

Use 20 f spiral with 250 mm inner dia and 60 mm spacing

Increase in force D F = 1.3*u/s*As*fyd-(Ac1-Ac2)*fcd*(1-(8*Msdu)/(u/pi *Nsdu))

Where,
u = Perimeter of hoop u = 0.84823 m
s = Hoop spacing s = 0.06 m
2
As = Cross sectional area of hoop reinforcement. As = 0.000314 cm
2
fyd = Design strength of hoop fyd = 43500 t/m
2
Ac1= A2 Ac1 = 0.1225 m
2
Ac2 = Area of conc rete within hoop reinforcement. Ac2 = 0.049087 m
2
fcd = fcj/1.5 fcd = 2939.845 t/m
Msdu = Max moment in hoop reinforced zone. Msdu = 0 t-m
D F = 1.3*u/s*As*fyd-(Ac1-Ac2)*fcd*(1-(8*Msdu)/(u/pi *Nsdu)) = 35.33506 t
Increase in permissible stresses D F/A1 = 4.67 N/m
2

2
< 7.24 N/m
Hence OK

4.7. Interface Shear Design for Composite section

The shear stress that arises between the interfaces of concrete placed at different times is reffered to as interface
shear. The interface shear is resisted by friction at the interface and by reinforcement placed across the shear plane.
The interface shear stress, Vedi <= the resisting capacity at the section, VRdi
Vedi = b Ved/zbi
Where, b = The ratio of longitudinal force in the new concrete and total longitudinal force
Ved = The tranverse shear force
z = Lever arm
bi = the width of interface
VRdi = msn + rfyd[msina+cosa] <=0.5vfcd fck = M50
m = friction for rough surface = 0.7 fyd = 500 Mpa
sn = the minimum co existing normal stress < 0.6fcd = 0.00 Mpa
r = As/Aj where As is the area of reinforcement, Aj is the interface area of the joint
n1 = Coeff accounting stress in compression chord = 0.60
a = the angle of the reinforcement to the interface = 90.00 degree
fcd = acc*fck/gm where, acc =0.67 and gm = 1.5 = 22.33 Mpa

Description Support L/8 L/4 3L/8 L/2

Shear demand of Beam,VEd (kN) 2447.73 1591.24 630.59 765.67 331.48
Ratio of Longitudinal forces (b) 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93
Lever arm taken from flexural analysis z (m) 1.854 2.110 2.314 2.423 2.456
Interface Width bi ( mm) 1250 1250 1250 1250 1250
Design value of Shear Stress vEdi ( MPa) 0.98 0.56 0.20 0.23 0.10
Roughness Co-efficient, m 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70
Stress caused by minimum external normal force 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dia of shear reinforcement provided (mm) 10 10 10 10 10
Number of legs provided 4 4 4 4 4
Spacing of stirrups provided (mm) 160 160 160 160 160
Minimum reinf.=0.15% of area of interface 1875 1875 1875 1875 1875
Area of Reinforcement at interface, As (mm2/m) 1963.50 1963.50 1963.50 1963.50 1963.50
Area of the joint, Ai (mm2) 275000 275000 275000 275000 275000
Strength reduction factor (n) 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60
Design shear resistance at the Interface (vRdi) 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50
Status with respect to the Interface Shear Ok Ok Ok Ok Ok

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 4.8. Untensioned Reinforcement of Precast Girder
Vertical reiforcement = 0.18 % of web
=0.18%x300x2600 = 1404 mm2 per meter
Hence provide 2L-12T @ 150 c/c Ast provide= 1506.7 mm2 per meter

Longitudinal reinforcement = 0.15 % of web

Total Area of Precast Girder at midspan = 1.165 m2
=0.15%x1.17x1000000 = 1747.5 mm2 per meter
Hence provide 7-12T at Bottomt top & 8-12T at Top Ast provide= 1695 mm2 per meter
Side Face Reinforcement
Side Face Reinforcement = 0.1 % of web Area
Area of steel required = 780 mm2
Minimum Reinf. at earth face (0.12%) = 936 mm2
Hence Provide 10 Nos. 10 f on Each Face
Ast provided = 1570.8 mm2/m > 936 mm2/m
Hence O.K.

4.9 Calculation for Deflection of Longitudinal girders

(i) Precast Girder - Prestress of cables 1, 2, 3 + wt of precast Girder at 5 days
Young Modulus = 3.41E+07 kN/m2
Section At support Near L/8 At L/4 At 3L/8 At L/2
Distance 0.000 4.750 9.500 14.250 19.000
CG of Precast girder from bottom , m 1.330 1.305 1.305 1.305 1.305
Moment 1.403 0.966 0.966 0.966 0.966
CG of cables 1 to 3 from bot.(m) 0.627 0.302 0.163 0.150 0.150
Moment -6958.27 -10043.11 -11721.97 -11918.12 -12034.90
Moment -16.87 2498.22 4212.21 5245.35 5573.92
Total
moment -6975.1 -7544.9 -7509.8 -6672.8 -6461.0
M/EI -0.00015 -0.00023 -0.00023 -0.00020 -0.00020

4.75 4.750 4.750 4.750

A B C D E
-0.00023 2 -0.00020
-0.000146 4 3 -0.000228 -0.000196
1
M/EI Diagram for Ist Stage Prestress after losses at 5 days
At Midspan
Average Moment of
Section Marked Distance CG from A M/EI
M/EI M/EI about
A -0.00015
B 4 4.750 2.375 -0.00023 -0.00019 -0.002112
C 3 4.750 7.125 -0.00023 -0.00023 -0.007727
D 2 4.750 11.875 -0.00020 -0.00022 -0.012132
E 1 4.750 16.625 -0.00020 -0.00020 -0.015728
Total -0.037699
So, Midspan deflection due to Prestress + wt of precast Girder = = -38 mm
= - L/ 1008

(ii) Precast Girder - Prestress of cables 4,5 + loss of Cables 1 to 3 at 28 days

Young Modulus = 3.52E+07 Mpa
Section At support Near L/8 At L/4 At 3L/8 At L/2
Distance 0.000 4.750 9.500 14.250 19.000
CG of 1.682 1.322 0.962 0.602 0.485
Moment 1371.95 64.98 -1366.46 -2827.26 -3314.11
Moment 596.30 851.46 969.06 980.33 980.33
Total 1968.3 916.4 -397.4 -1846.9 -2333.8
M/EI 0.000040 0.000027 -0.000012 -0.000054 -0.000069

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 4.8 4.750 4.750 4.750
A B C D E
2
0.0000269 -0.0000543
0.0000398 4 3 -0.000012 -0.0000686
1
M/EI Diagram for Ist Stage Prestress after losses at 28 days
At Midspan
Average Moment of
Section Marked Distance CG from A M/EI
M/EI M/EI about
A 0.0000398
B 4 4.750 2.375 0.0000269 0.0000334 0.0003766
C 3 4.750 7.125 -0.000012 0.0000076 0.0002582
D 2 4.750 11.875 -0.000054 -0.0000330 -0.001861
E 1 4.750 16.625 -0.000069 -0.0000615 -0.004854
Total -0.00608
So, Midspan deflection due to Prestress +loss = = -6.080 mm
So, Total Midspan deflection at 28 days = = -43.779 mm = - L/ 868

(iii) Precast Girder - Prestress + wt of precast Girder +wt of deck slab at 60 days
Section At support Near L/8 At L/4 At 3L/8 At L/2
Distance 0.000 4.750 9.500 14.250 19.000
CG of 0.924 0.589 0.385 0.276 0.243
Loss 528.521 528.521 528.521 528.521 528.521
Moment 214.721 378.889 486.264 544.029 561.486
Moment -13.860 1351.653 2338.681 2947.223 3177.279
Total 200.861 1730.542 2824.945 3491.252 3738.765
M/EI 0.0000041 0.0000509 0.0000831 0.0001027 0.00011
4.8 4.750 4.750 4.750
A B C D E
0.000004 0.0000509 0.0001027
4 0.0000831 0.0001099
3 1
2
M/EI Diagram for Ist Stage Prestress after losses at 60 days
At Midspan
Average Moment of
Section Marked Distance CG from A M/EI Rotation
M/EI M/EI about
A 0.0000041
B 4 4.750 2.375 0.0000509 0.0000275 0.0003099 0.00139
C 3 4.750 7.125 0.0000831 0.0000670 0.0022665
D 2 4.750 11.875 0.0001027 0.0000929 0.0052376
E 1 4.750 16.625 0.0001099 0.0001063 0.0083935
Total 0.0162076
So, Midspan deflection due to Prestress losses + DL = = 16.208 mm
Total Deflection at 60 days =-43.779+16.208 = -27.571 mm

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 (iv) Composite Girder - long term losses + SIDL+ Live load
Section At support Near L/8 At L/4 At 3L/8 At L/2
Distance 0.000 4.750 9.500 14.250 19.000
CG of Composite girder from bottom , m 1.643 1.835 1.835 1.835 1.835
CG of cables from bot.(m) 0.924 0.589 0.385 0.276 0.243
Moment 2.443 1.834 1.834 1.834 1.834
Loss 2243.975 2243.975 2243.975 2243.975 2243.97
Moment 1614.303 2795.854 3251.744 3497.002 3571.1
Total 1614.303 2795.854 3251.744 3497.002 3571.1
M/EI 0.0000188 0.0000433 0.0000503 0.0000541 0.00006
4.750 4.750 4.750 4.750
A B C D E
0.00002 0.0000433 0.0000541
4 0.0000503 0.0000553
3 1
2
M/EI Diagram for Ist Stage Prestress after losses at a days
At Midspan
Average Moment of
Section Marked Distance CG from A M/EI Rotation
M/EI M/EI about
A 0.0000188
B 4 4.750 2.375 0.0000433 0.0000310 0.00035 0.00088
C 3 4.750 7.125 0.0000503 0.0000468 0.0015841
D 2 4.750 11.875 0.0000541 0.0000522 0.0029463
E 1 4.750 16.625 0.0000553 0.0000547 0.0043201
Total 0.0092005
So, Midspan deflection due to Prestress losses = = 9.200 mm
So, Midspan deflection due SIDL = = 7.100 mm 0.000349
So, Midspan deflection due Wind load = = 2.000 mm 0.000112
So, Midspan deflection due Live load = = 21.800 mm 0.001182
Total Deflection at mid span 1xDL+1.2xSIDL+1xLL+0.6xWL = 13.950 mm L/ 2724

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8.0 Cross girder
8.1 End Cross girder
8.1.1 Bearing Replacement condition.
DL of Girder DL of slab Total DL
Location (kN) (kN) (kN)
SIDL (kN)

Outer Girder 1338.05 1338.05 114.87

Inner Girder 1296.93 1296.93 112.33
Inner Girder 1331.95 1331.95 121.19
Outer Girder 1296.93 1296.93 112.49
1338.05 1338.05 114.74 Girder location

3.20 3.20 3.20

Jack location
0.75 3.20 3.20 0.75
1.70
Position of Jack Location on End Cross Girder

Max: 687.750 kNm Max: 687.750 kNm

Max: 155.921 kNm Max: 155.921 kNm

Max: 0 kNm

Max: -273.622 kNm Max: -273.622 kNm

Bearing Replacement condition - Dead load moment

Staad Results
Y
Z X Load 0 : Bending Z : Displacement
Moment - kNm

112 1 DL 13 0 -647.119 0 0 0 619.61

7 0 647.119 0 0 0 -1137.3
2 SIDL 13 0 -55.518 0 0 0 53.336
7 0 55.518 0 0 0 -97.75
113 1 DL 7 0 1338 0 0 0 1137.3
8 0 -1338 0 0 0 0
2 SIDL 7 0 115 0 0 0 97.75
8 0 -115 0 0 0 0
108 1 DL 6 0 -666 0 0 0 -336.825
10 0 666 0 0 0 -229.275
2 SIDL 6 0 -60.5 0 0 0 -31.094
10 0 60.5 0 0 0 -20.331
Support Span
Support Span Shear
Cross Girder moment (kN- moment (kN-
Shear (kN) (kN)
m) m)
DL 619.61 1338.00 336.83 666.00
SIDL 97.75 115.00 31.09 60.50

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8.1.3 Service condition.
Width of beam = 900 mm Depth of beam = 2570 mm
Span = 3.2 m Self wt of girder 0.9x2.57x25= 57.8 kN/m
Support moment 59.21 kN-m Span moment = 37.01 kN-m
Support shear 92.52 kN Span shear = 0 kN

Load combination
Support Span
Support Span Shear Side moment Side shear
Cross Girder moment (kN- moment (kN-
Shear (kN) (kN) (kN-m) (kN)
m) m)
DL 154.21 188.52 70.01 0.00
SIDL 2.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Live load 93 68 50 85 0.022719 0.2624
Seismic 0.06 0.07

8.2 Intermediate Cross girder

Width of beam = 300 mm Depth of beam = 2570 mm
Span = 3.2 m Self wt of girder 0.3x2.57x25= 19.3 kN/m
Support moment 19.74 kN-m Span moment = 12.34 kN-m
Support shear 30.84 kN Span shear = 0 kN
Load combination
Support Span
Support Span Shear
Cross Girder moment (kN- moment (kN-
Shear (kN) (kN)
m) m)
DL 73.74 125.84 137.34 0.00
SIDL 2.00 1.00 20.00 69.38
Live load 2267 580 2267 580
Wind load is not considered as wind load effect is very negligble.

8.3 Summary of Bending Moment & Shear Force of Cross girders

End Cross girder Intermediate Cross girder
Location Support Span Support Span
Moment Shear Moment Shear Moment Shear Moment Shear

Bearing
DL 619.61 1338.00 336.83 666.00
Replacement
SIDL 97.75 115.00 31.09 60.50
DL154.21 188.52 70.01 0.00 73.74 125.84 137.34 0.00
Service
condition
SIDL 2.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 2.00 1.00 20.00 69.38
Live Load 93.00 68.00 50.00 85.00 2267.00 580.00 2267.00 580.00
Maximum of bearing replacement & service condition is considered for design of end cross girder
8.3.1 Ultimate limit State
Load Combination - 1) Dead load +SIDL
2) Dead load +SIDL+Live load
Load Case DL SIDL LL
Bearing
Replacement
1 1.35 1.75
2(a) 1.35 1.75
Service
condition
2(b) 1.35 1.75 1.5
2 (c) 1 1 1.5

End Cross girder Side end girder

Moment Shear Moment Shear Side moment Side shear
Load Case (kN-m) (kN)
(kN-m) (kN) (kN-m) (kN)
Bearing
Replacement
1 1007.53 2007.55 509.13 1004.98
2(a) 211.69 256.25 96.26 1.75
Service
condition
2(b) 351.19 358.25 171.26 129.25 0.03 0.3936
2 (c) 295.71 291.52 146.01 128.50 0.08 0.0975
Total 1007.53 2007.55 509.13 1004.98 0.08 0.39

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 Inner Cross girder
Moment Shear Moment Shear
Load Case
(kN-m) (kN) (kN-m) (kN)
Bearing
Replacement
1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2(a) 103.05 171.63 220.40 121.42
Service
condition
2(b) 3503.55 1041.63 3620.90 991.42
2 (c) 3476.24 996.84 3557.84 939.38
Total 3503.55 1041.63 3620.90 991.42

8.3.2 Servicibility limit State for Rare Combination (SL1)

Load Combination - 1) Dead load +SIDL
2) Dead load +SIDL+Live load
Load Case DL SIDL LL
Bearing
Replacement
1 1 1.2
2(a) 1 1.2
Service
condition
2(b) 1 1.2 1
2 (c) 1 1 1

End Cross girder Side end girder

Moment Shear Moment Shear Side moment Side shear
Load Case (kN-m) (kN)
(kN-m) (kN) (kN-m) (kN)
Bearing
Replacement
1 736.91 374.14
2(a) 156.61 71.21
Service
condition 2(b) 249.61 121.21 0.02 0.2624
2 (c) 249.21 121.01 0.02 0.2624
Total 736.91 374.14 0.02 0.26

Inner Cross girder

Moment Shear Moment Shear
Load Case
(kN-m) (kN) (kN-m) (kN)
Bearing
Replacement
1 0.00 0.00
2(a) 76.14 161.34
Service
condition 2(b) 2343.14 2428.34
2 (c) 2342.74 2424.34
Total 2343.14 2428.34

8.3.3 Servicibility limit State for Quasi-permanent Combination (SL2)

Load Combination - 1) Dead load +SIDL
Load Case DL SIDL
Bearing
1 1 1.2
Replacement
Service
2 1 1.2
condition

End Cross girder Inner Cross girder

Moment Moment Moment Moment
Load Case
(kN-m) (kN-m) (kN-m) (kN-m)
Bearing
1 736.91 374.14 0.00 0.00
Replacement
Service
2 156.61 71.21 76.14 161.34
condition
Total 736.91 374.14 76.14 161.34

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8.4 Check for ultimate strength of girder in Flexure :-
Consider rectangular beam for design of end cross girder.
1687.5 0.00350 22.33
220 1707 kN
106.18
NA NA
2570

99.5 0.0779 1707 kN

Strain Diagram Stress Diagram
900
Grade Concrete = M50 Grade of steel = Fe 500
Width of the section = 900 mm Depth of the section = 2570 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm Main dia of bar used = 25 mm
Dia of shear reinf. = 12 mm Effective depth, d = 2471 mm
R = Mu/bd2 = 0.183 MPa Design Moment = 1008 kN-m
Mu,Lim/bd2 = 0.133xfck = 6.65 MPa Ast = 941.6 mm2
Lower fractile tensile fctm = 2.46 MPa Where, pt = fck/(2*fy)*(1-sqrt(1-(4.598*R/fck))*100
Min. reinforcement 0.26xfctm/fykxbtxd but not less than 0.0013btd = 2890.5 mm2
Hence provide 4 Nos. 25 dia Ast = 3927.0 mm2
4 Nos. 25 dia > Hence O.K.

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E of reinforcement = 200000 MPa Max strain in concrete = 0.0035
E of concrete = 35220 MPa Min strain in steel = 0.0042
Balanced neutral axis depth = 1126.61 mm Actual neutral axis depth = 106.18 mm
Strain in steel = 0.0779 Stress in steel = 434.8 MPa
Section is under reinforced, Hence ok
Total ultimate compressive force = 1707 kN Total ultimate tensile force = 1707 kN
Compressive force CG 44.17 mm Moment of resistance = 4143 kNm
> 1008 kNm Hence O.K.
End Cross girder Inner Cross girder
Description At support Span Side At support Span
Moment 1007.53 509.13 0.08 3503.55 3620.90
Width 900 900.00 1000.00 300.00 300.00
Depth 2471 2471 826 2471 2471
R = Mu/bd2 0.18 0.09 0.00 1.91 1.98
pt 0.00042 0.00021 0.00000 0.00461 0.00477
Ast required for bending 941.6 474.8 0.2 3418.0 3538.5
Ast required for shear 7975.3 3992.4 3092.4 3092.4 2943.3
Ast required 7975.3 3992.4 3092.4 3418.0 3538.5
4 Nos. 4 Nos. 2 Nos. 3 Nos. 3 Nos.
1st layers
25 dia + 25 dia + 20 dia + 32 dia + 32 dia +
Reinf provided
4 Nos. 4 Nos. 2 Nos. 3 Nos. 3 Nos.
2nd layers
25 dia 25 dia 20 dia 32 dia 32 dia
Ast provided 3927.0 3927.0 1256.6 4825.5 4825.5
Actual NA 106 106 31 391 391
Strain in steel 0.0779 0.0779 0.0910 0.0186 0.0186
Stress in steel 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8 434.8
Total ultimate tensile force = 1707 1707 546 2098 2098
Total ultimate compressive force 1707 1707 546 2098 2098
Difference of force 0 0 0 0 0
Compressive force CG 44.2 44.2 12.7 162.8 162.8
Moment of resistance 4143 4143 444 4842 4842
Factor of Safety 4.1 8.1 5260.4 1.4 1.3
Check Hence O.K. Hence O.K. Hence O.K. Hence O.K. Hence O.K.
Shear design
VED= Design Shear Force of the concrete section = 1007.5 kN
VRD,C= Design Shear Resistance of the concrete section [0.12K(80p1fck)^0.33+0.15sCP]bwd
Grade Concrete = M50 Grade of steel = Fe 500
Width of beam = 900 mm Effective depth, d 2471 mm
z = 2426 mm
K= 1+sqrt(200/d)<=2.0 = 1.28
vmin = 0.031K^1.5xfck^0.5 = 0.32 MPa
p1 = Asl/bwd <=0.02 = 0.0018
sCP = = 0.00 MPa
VRD,C= = 709.6 kN
Design Tensile stress in stirrups (fywd= 0.8fyk/gm) = 347.8 Mpa
VRD,S= VED - VRD,C = (Asw/s) z fywd Cotq = 298.0 kN
Asv, provided Cotq= 1 = 402.12 mm2
Sv = Spacing required = 1138.9 mm
Minimum Spacing required (ASW /sbw=0.072*sqrt(fck)/fyk) = 439 mm
Hence Provide 2 -L 16 Stirrups @ 125 c/c

VRd,s = Asw / s. z. fywd cot q by yielding of the Vertical reinforcement

VRd,max = acw bw z v1 fcd / (cot q + tan q) by Crushing of Compression strut
Concrete Strength (fcd) : = 22.3 Mpa Coeff accounting stress in compression chord n1 = 0.60

91 of 96
 End Cross girder Inner Cross girder
Description At support Span Side At support Span
Prestress Force after all losses (kN) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Shear demand of Beam (kN) 2007.6 1005.0 0.4 1041.6 991.4
Width of beam, b (mm) 900.0 900.0 1000.0 300.0 300.0
Effective depth, d 2470.5 2470.5 825.5 2470.5 2470.5
Lever arm taken from flexural analysis z (m) 2426.3 2426.3 812.8 2307.7 2307.7
K= 1.28 1.28 1.49 1.28 1.28
vmin = 0.32 0.32 0.40 0.32 0.32
p1 = 0.0018 0.0018 0.0015 0.0065 0.0065
VRD,C= 709.56 709.56 329.85 334.97 334.97
Shear reinf. Shear reinf. Shear reinf. Shear reinf. Shear reinf.
Check required required Not required required required
Minimum area of Shear reinf. reqd Asw/s (mm2/mm)0.916 0.916 1.018 0.305 0.305
Dia of shear reinforcement provided (mm) 16 16 16 12 12
Number of legs provided 2 2 2 2 2
Spacing of stirrups provided (mm) 150 150 150 150 150
Area of shear reinf provided Asw/s (mm2/mm) 2.681 2.681 2.681 1.508 1.508
Angle of compression strut q (degrees) 16.14 16.14 15.30 21.17 21.17
Shear resistance provided by reinf V RD,s (kN) 7816 7816 2771 3125 3125
Coeff accounting stress in comp chord acw 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000
Shear capacity of compression strut V RD,max 7816 7816 2771 3125 3125
Difference in shear resistance (kN) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Shear capacity of the Section (kN) 7816 7816 2771 3125 3125
Factor of Safety associated with failure 3.89 7.78 7040.82 3.00 3.15
Increase in longitudinal tensile force DFtd (kN) 3467.53 1735.84 0.72 1344.51 1279.69
Area of steel required for shear due stut & tie model7975.33 3992.43 1.66 3092.36 2943.30
8.5. Servicebility limit State Method
8.5.1. Flexure member Design of end girder support section
Grade Concrete = M50 Grade of steel = Fe 500
Bending Compression of concrete = 24.00 Mpa fctm = Mean tensile strength of concrete= 2.46 Mpa
E of reinforcement = 200000 MPa E of concrete = 35220 MPa
Modular ratio =Es/Ecm = 5.68 Tensile stress of steel = 300 Mpa
Width of Section = 900 mm Depth of Section = 2570 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm Effective depth, d = 2471 mm
Minimum reinforcement 0.26xfctm/fykxbtxd but not less than 0.0013btd = 2890.49 mm2
Hence provide 4 Nos. 25 dia Ast = 3927.0 mm2
4 Nos. 25 dia Moment = 736.91 kN

Balanced neutral axis depth = = 771.72 mm Actual neutral axis depth = 325.99 mm
Strain in steel = 0.00040 Stress in steel = 79.5 MPa
Comp. stress of concrete = 2.13 Mpa
Stress-strain diagram at Serviceability Limit State condition
0.00006 2.13
312.00
325.99
NA NA

312.01
0.00040
Strain Diagram Stress Diagram
Section is under reinforced, Hence ok =
Total compressive force = 312.00 kN Total tensile force = 312.01 kN
Compressive force CG = 108.66 mm Moment of resistance = 736.91 kNm

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 Rare Combination (SL1) Quasi-permanent Combination (SL2)
End Cross girder Inner Cross girder End Cross girder Inner Cross girder
Description At support Span At support Span At support Span At support Span
h or D 2570 2570 2570 2570 2570 2570 2570 2570
b 900 900 300 300 900 900 300 300
d 2471 2471 2471 2471 2471 2471 2471 2471
Moment 736.91 374.14 2343.14 2428.34 736.91 374.14 76.14 161.34
Reinf provided 4 Nos. 4 Nos. 3 Nos. 3 Nos. 4 Nos. 4 Nos. 3 Nos. 3 Nos.
25 dia + 25 dia + 32 dia + 32 dia + 25 dia + 25 dia + 32 dia + 32 dia +
4 Nos. 4 Nos. 3 Nos. 3 Nos. 4 Nos. 4 Nos. 3 Nos. 3 Nos.
25 dia 25 dia 32 dia 32 dia 25 dia 25 dia 32 dia 32 dia
Ast provided 3927.0 3927.0 4825.5 4825.5 3927.0 3927.0 4825.5 4825.5
Stress in concrete 2.1 1.1 11.7 12.1 2.1 1.1 0.4 0.81
Actual NA 326 326 587 587 326 326 587 587
Stress in steel 79.5 40.3 213.4 221.2 79.5 40.3 6.9 14.7
Total ultimate tensile force = 312 158 1030 1067 312 158 33 71
Total ultimate compressive force312 158 1030 1067 312 158 33 71
Difference of force 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Compressive force CG 108.7 108.7 195.5 195.5 108.7 108.7 195.5 195.5
Moment of resistance 737 374 2343 2428 737 374 76 161
Diff. of moment 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Description Side
h or D 1000
b 1000 Max Concrete stress 12.1 < 24.0 Mpa
d 826 Ok
Moment 0.02
Reinf provided 2 Nos. Max Concrete steel 221.2 < 300.0 Mpa
20 dia + Ok
2 Nos.
20 dia
Ast provided 1256.6
Stress in concrete 0.0
Actual NA 100
Stress in steel 0.0
Total ultimate tensile force = 0
Total ultimate compressive force 0
Difference of force 0
Compressive force CG 33.5
Moment of resistance 0
Diff. of moment 0.0

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8.5.2. Check for crack width Check crack width As per IRC : 112-2011
Crack width, Wk = Sr,max * (esm-ecm)
Where, esm-ecm = (ssc-kt*fct,eff/rp,eff*(1+ae*rp,eff))/Es >= 0.6ssc/Es
ssc = 89.51 Mpa ae =Es/Ecm = 5.679
kt = 0.5 hc,eff=min of [2.5(h-d),(h-x/3),h/2]=248.8 mm
Ac,eff =b*hc,eff rp,eff = As/Ac,eff = 0.018
fct,eff = = 2.46 Mpa esm-ecm = 0.000269
>= 0.6ssc/Es= 0.000269
Sr,max =3.4c+0.425*k1*k2*f/rp,eff Where, c = 50 mm
k1 = 0.8
feq=(n1*f1^2+n2*f2^2)/((n1*f1+n2*f2) = 25.0 mm k2 = 0.5
Sr,max = 412.3 mm Crack width, Wk = = 0.111 mm
< 0.3 mm OK
End Cross girder Inner Cross girder
Description At support Span Side At support Span
Stress in steel, ss 89.5 46.2 0.0 9.2 19.4 at extrem fibre
As 3927.0 3927.0 1256.6 4825.5 4825.5
Actual NA 326 326 100 587 587
hc,eff 248.8 248.8 436.3 248.8 248.8
rp,eff 0.018 0.018 0.010 0.065 0.065
esm-ecm 0.00027 0.00014 0.00000 0.00003 0.00006
feq 25.0 25.0 20.0 32.0 32.0
Crack spacing Sr,max 412.3 412.3 363.8 480.1 480.1
Crack width, Wk 0.111 0.057 0.000 0.013 0.028
Check <0.3 O.K.<0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K. <0.3 O.K.
8.6. Side face reinforcement
Minimum main reinf. 0.26xfctm/fykxbtxd but not less than 0.0013btd = 2890.49 mm2
Side face reinf. 0.1% bd = 2223.45 mm2
Hence provide 8 Nos. 20 dia on each span Ast = 5026.5 mm2

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 DESIGN OF CROSS GIRDER
From Staad
Max factored support moment (DL+SIDL) = 1007.53 kN-m
Max factored span moment (DL+SIDL) = 509.13 kN-m

Width of cross girder 0.9 mm

Designed of deep beam [ As per clause 29, IS 456-2000 ]
Supported span
L 3.2 L/D 1.2 < 2.5 For Continiuos Beam
D 2.57 For Deep Beam
Lever arm Z 0.2X(L+1.5D) 1.411 mm
For mid span
L 3.2 L/D 1.2 < 2.5 For Continiuos Beam
D 2.57 Deep Beam
Lever arm Z 0.2X(L+1.5D) 1.411 mm
Required Ast for support Mu/sst*Z = 1641.5 mm2
Minimum Ast at bottom =0.2%bd = 4626 mm2
Provide 4 no 25 T + 4 no 25 T
8
atnos
bottom within a depth of (0.25D - 0.05L) 0.4825 m
from bottom face with a development length of (0.8*46*dai of bar) 920 mm
Provide reinforcement 9817.5 mm2
OK
Required Ast for span Mu/sst*Z = 829.49 mm2
The support reinforcement distribution in 2 zone
Type1
Required in the top 0.8D from 2.056 m = 829.49 mm2
Provided Ast 4 + 25 T + 4 25 T + 5 20 T 5497.8 mm2
Steel required on either side of diap OK
Type2
Required in the top 0.2D from 0.514 m = 1641.5 mm2
Provided Ast 4 + 25 T + 4 25 T + 2 20 T 4555.3 mm2
OK
Steel required on either side of diap 2223.5 mm2
in 0.6D, i.e.0.3 D on either side of mid depth Steel =
Provided Ast 11 20 = 3455.8 mm2
 LATERAL STABILITY CHECK

CHECK FOR TRANSIENT CONDITION

Depth of the beam at mid spanh h 2600 mm

Effective width of compression flange b 900 mm

Distance between torsional restraints Lo 38000 mm

Lo/b 42.222

h/b 2.889 < 3.5

Ok
70/(h/b)0.33 49.324 > 42.222

Ok

SECOND ORDER EFFECTS CAN BE IGNORED IN TRANSIENT CONDITION

CHECK FOR PERSISTENT CONDITION

Depth of the beam at mid spanh h 2820 mm

Effective width of compression flangeb b 3200 mm

Lo 38000 mm

Lo/b 11.88

h/b 0.881 < 3.5

Ok
0.33
50/(h/b) 52.130 > 11.88

Ok

SECOND ORDER EFFECTS CAN BE IGNORED IN PRESISTENT CONDITION

CHECK FOR LATERAL STABILITY OF THE BEAM

Depth of the beam at mid spanh h 2600 mm

Effective width of compression flange b 900 mm

Distance between torsional restraints Lo 38000 mm

60be 54 > 38
Ok

250b2/h 77.885 > 38

Ok