Appendix EN
Appendix EN
Annex
(mandatory)
Terms and definitions The following terms and definitions are used in these regulations and
rules: Note – Some of the terms and definitions listed below are not used in the text of this standard, but provide a unity of
concepts related to the design and calculation of buildings and structures.
A.1 acceleration record: A dependency characterized at the time of the movement of the ground,
structure, or construction (in graphical form or digital format).
A.2 instrumental acceleration record: A dependency characterized at the time of acceleration of the
ground or structure recorded instrumentally during an actual earthquake.
A.3 artificial acceleration record: A dependency artificially created that describes the process of changing
the acceleration of ground movement at a given time agreed with the spectrum of reactions with other
characteristics of the seismic process, where its length, bending shape, and frequency composition are
considered.
A.4 synthesized acceleration record: An acceleration record obtained analytically through modeling the
mechanism of the seismic source and the propagation of seismic waves.
A.5 amplitude: The greater deviation of the alternating quantity from the "zero" state in the considered
cycle of oscillations (acceleration, velocity, displacement).
A.6 Peak amplitude: The absolute value of the maximum of the varying magnitude during the
observed time interval.
A.7 Anti-seismic measures: A set of constructive and planning solutions based on the implementation of
the specified standards, which ensures a defined level of seismic stability of structures regulated by
standards.
A.8 Anti-seismic connection: An element installed in the walls at the level of coverings to create a
horizontal rigid disk.
A.9 Anti-seismic frame: An element with an area for the base of the installed beams at the level of
coverings.
A.10 Anti-seismic joint: A gap between the structures of the building aimed at avoiding their mutual
connection and collision during seismic impact.
A.11 Scale: A conditional mark aimed at the quantitative assessment of the macroseismic intensity of an
earthquake in a defined area on the surface of the earth, based on the condition of buildings and
structures, human reactions, changes in the landscape, soil, etc., according to the descriptive
macroseismic scale of earthquake intensity.
A.12 Correct waves: Waves that spread more slowly compared to long waves and consist of correct
movements relative to the direction of propagation of long waves.
A.13 Long waves: Waves that spread along the direction of oscillations (coinciding with the direction of
movement of the particles of the medium).
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A.14 restoration: Conducting repair-restoration works, as a result of which the load-bearing capacity of
structures (buildings) is restored to the level before the occurrence of damages (is enhanced).
A.15 flexible floor: A floor of the building that is less than 70% of the stiffness of the upper horizontal
floor or less than 80% of the average stiffness of three upper floors.
A.16 main directions of the structural system: Horizontal orthogonal directions that coincide with the
direction of the main central axes of inertia of the structural system in the plan.
A.17 vertical stiffness diaphragm: A vertical connection wall or system with a length of no less than 4
times the thickness of the stiffness diaphragm, which accepts seismic horizontal loads in the building
system and transmits them to the foundation walls, designed based on the results of calculations.
A.18 horizontal stiffness diaphragm: A horizontal structure (for example, floor coverings) that is
designed based on the results of calculations and accepts seismic loads, aimed at transmitting
horizontal loads to vertical elements.
A.19 monolithic wall buildings: Buildings without a frame, where the load-bearing structure consists of
monolithic reinforced concrete walls.
A.20 earthquake: Movements on the earth's surface caused by processes within the earth.
A.21 intensity of seismic impact: The magnitude of seismic effects represented by a score considered
whole according to the seismic intensity scale or at high amplitude of acceleration.
A.22 possible areas of earthquake foci (ZOMB areas): Seismically active structures of the upper
mantle and the earth's crust that are sources of earthquakes.
A.23 filled frame: A lifting system consisting of fully filled or partially filled frames using natural and
artificial materials, which together with frame elements accept vertical loads.
A.24 complex structures: A wall structure executed using bricks, concrete blocks, or other natural or
artificial stones that does not form a frame and is reinforced with reinforced concrete elements.
A.25 structure (structural element): A physical part of a structural system, for example, a beam,
column, wall.
A.26 structural system: The aggregate of the interconnected structures of a building or construction that
ensures its rigidity, durability, and stability.
A.27 Frame structural systems: The systems that serve as the main vertical load-bearing structures are the
columns and beams of the frame, to which loads from the coverings are applied. The stability, durability,
and spatial rigidity of frame buildings are ensured by the joint operation of the coverings and vertical
structures. Depending on the combination of vertical structures used to ensure the durability, stability, and
rigidity of structural systems, the following frame structural systems are distinguished:
b) frame connection framework – frame structure and vertical rigidity A spatial system in the form of a
diaphragm, where vertical loads are primarily accepted and transmitted by the base frame structure, while
horizontal loads are accepted by the rigidity of the vertical diaphragms and frames;
b) connection framework – with soft or hard nodes of the connections A frame-type spatial system, where
vertical loads are primarily accepted and transmitted by the frame's columns, while horizontal loads are
accepted and transmitted by vertical rigid diaphragms;
g) core with rigidity and framework (framework-core system) – connectivity, The frame-connection or
frame-wall structural system, where the frame core or rigid core is constructed in the form of a closed shape
(vertical spatial elements of the rigidity of the closed shape in plan).
A.28 frame-wall structural system: A frame and load-bearing wall type spatial structural system, where the
walls accept and transfer at least 60% of vertical loads and at least 80% of horizontal loads.
A.29 Wall structural systems: Spatial structural systems made of load-bearing walls that are combined to
accept the total of all vertical and horizontal loads for the joint operation of the horizontal elements.
Depending on the layout scheme of the load-bearing walls in the building plan and the nature of the support
of the elements, the following wall structural schemes are distinguished:
a) kaychylash-dubal – a space with correct and long lifting walls The constructive scheme,
they are attached along the closure contour or on three sides;
b) tura-wall – a structural scheme, where coverings and non-load-bearing elements are present. Vertical
loads from walls are mainly applied to the load-bearing walls, while the cladding panels primarily operate
according to the support scheme; horizontal loads acting in the direction of the load-bearing walls are
accepted by these walls; horizontal loads acting perpendicular to the load-bearing walls are accepted by the
rigidity transfer diaphragms, which can serve as the transfer wall of stair cells, as well as sections of
external and internal walls.
b) extended wall – a structural scheme where coverings and non-load-bearing elements are used Vertical
loads from the walls are mainly transferred to the load-bearing walls, while the covering slabs primarily
operate according to the beam scheme; horizontal loads acting in the direction of the load-bearing walls are
accepted by these walls; horizontal loads acting perpendicular to the load-bearing walls are accepted by the
rigidity diaphragms, which can serve as the correct walls of the stair cells, as well as sections of the correct
external and internal walls.
A.30 Constructive systems of the type of a pendulum: A system where 50% or more of the mass is located
in three-fourths of its height, or a massive system where energy dissipation occurs mainly in its lower part.
The escorting systems - structural systems of the type of a pendulum that are combined for joint operation with the columns
above, and single-story frames that do not exceed the normalized axial actions in the column with a significance of νd 0.3
are not included.
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A.31 structural scheme: The variant of the structural system of the building or structure based on the
composition and placement indicators of its main load-bearing structures.
A.32 configuration of the building or structure: The external outline, as well as the mutual arrangement of
load-bearing and non-load-bearing elements according to the plan and the height of the building or
structure, which may affect its operation during seismic impact.
A.33 responsibility coefficient: A coefficient that takes into account the risk of consequences of the
building's initiation during an earthquake.
A.34 state coefficient: A reduction coefficient used to account for the building's nonlinear reaction,
conditioned by the nonlinear behavior of the material, the characteristics of the structural system, and the
accepted methodology of design, determined by the results of linear calculations.
Note – The state coefficient q represents the approximate meaning of the compatibility of seismic loads, which affect the
building or structure during its full elastic reaction and viscous 5% damping, and can be used during design based on the
results of linear-elastic calculations. The value of the state coefficient q characterizes the seismic resistance of the structural
system in the field of nonlinear deformations and determines the degree of calculation of their nonlinear state during seismic
impacts.
A.35 large panel buildings: Buildings without a frame made of prefabricated flat vertical and horizontal
reinforced concrete elements, usually sized according to the room, combined into a unified spatial structure.
A.36 rotational-reciprocal structural system: A system that does not have sufficient rigidity for rotation. The
first form of oscillation, which is planned to be rotational-reciprocal, is included in the rotational-reciprocal
structural system.
A.37 modal mass: The generalized (effective) mass of the structural system according to its i-th form
(mode). The magnitude of the modal mass Mi can be determined by the following formula for the cantilever
calculation scheme:
n2mU
1kn k ik
M
i
mU 2i
1kkk
anda mk – the mass concentrated at the node in the dynamic model of system k; n – the total number of
masses; Uik ‒the system's displacement at node k during its own oscillation according to the i-th form.
The sum of modal masses is equal to the total mass of the structural system in each direction.
A.38 monolithic-stone wall: Type I ‒a three-layer wall, whose outer walls consist of a layer made of brick
(stone) and serves as an unresolvable foundation form during the execution of the internal load-bearing
layer made of reinforced monolithic concrete; Type II ‒a three-layer wall with an external load-bearing
layer and an internal thermally insulated layer. The external layer of the wall is made of concrete blocks
with at least 50% voids, which are filled with reinforced monolithic concrete, serving as an unresolvable
foundation form. The internal layer of the wall is considered to be thermally insulating. The interaction of
the external load-bearing layer of the walls under load affects the internal
KR KCh 20-02:2024
is provided with a heating layer (if it has sufficient hardness and durability for this), and/or special
connections.
A.39 load-bearing structures: Construction structures that accept permanent, temporary, and special
loads and impacts, ensuring the strength, hardness, and stability of the building and construction.
A.40 new structural systems, new materials and constructions: Structural systems, materials, and
constructions that are used for the first time in construction, with insufficient ability to resist seismic
impacts.
A.41 part of the building (compartment): A part of the building separated by anti-seismic joints.
A.42 plasticity: The ability of a structure to deform without failure. Plastic deformed structures
dissipate the energy of seismic oscillations during the process of elastic deformations.
A.43 ground liquefaction: The transition of a water-saturated dispersive soil to a fluid state under
external influences.
A.44 active fault: A fault in the earth's crust or the entire lithosphere, where earthquake foci have
formed or existed during historical periods or the Holocene (the last ten thousand years).
A.45 seismogenic fault: A tectonic fault associated with possible earthquake foci.
A.46 tectonic fault: Faults in the earth's crust that arise from the deformation of rocks and tectonic
movements.
A.47 Areas with a seismic rating of 9 or higher: regions where the epicenters of earthquakes may be
located with a magnitude of 7.6 or greater.
A.48 calculated seismic condition: A calculated condition that takes into account special conditions for
structures and buildings during seismic impact.
A.49 reconstruction: Changing the main technical and economic indicators of the building, carrying out
the works (increase in operational volume or area, capacity, throughput capability) or changing its
functional readiness. If necessary, the reconstruction of the building is accompanied by measures for
structural reinforcement or restoration.
A.53 seismic hazard: The risk of seismic impact in the area under consideration. Seismic hazard is
determined in terms of spatial distribution, time (the probability of occurrence within a specified time
interval), and intensity (measured in terms of magnitude or kinematic parameters of ground motion).
A.54 seismic loads: Inertial forces in the structure during seismic impact.
A.55 seismic impact: Movement of the crust caused by natural or technogenic factors (earthquake,
explosion, transportation movement in industry)
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the operation of the structures), it conditions the movement, deformation, damage, or destruction of
construction and natural objects.
A.56 seismicity of the construction area: The seismic risk of the construction area is reflected according to
the intensity scale, predicting the necessity of an increase for areas with steep geological conditions.
A.57 seismicity of the construction site: The seismic risk of the construction site is reflected by whole
number scores according to the seismic intensity scale, predicting the possibility of an increase
considering the effects of topography on local seismotectonic, engineering-geological conditions and
parameters of seismic impact.
A.58 calculated seismicity of the construction site: The seismicity of the construction site is assessed
with a score, which is accepted during the design of buildings and structures.
A.59 seismic risk: The possibility of social-economic damage from potential earthquakes related to the
seismic risk of the area and the vulnerability of buildings and structures.
A.60 seismic safety of buildings and structures: The ability of buildings and structures to withstand seismic
impacts without damage or destruction, which poses a direct threat to human safety. Buildings without
seismic risk cannot impose requirements regarding suitability for repair, further operation possibilities,
ensuring equipment preservation, and others.
A.61 seismic stability: The ability of buildings and structures to withstand seismic impacts while
maintaining the limits set in the provisions of their operational quality standards.
A.62 structural resistance: The ability of the structure to resist without mechanical failure (yielding).
A.63 spectral or modal-spectrum method: A method for determining calculated seismic loads is
implemented based on the results of an analysis that takes into account the natural vibration forms of
buildings or structures and the spectrum of calculated reactions.
A.64 Spectra of seismic reactions: The spectra of reactions, the values of the ordinates are relatively
reduced compared to the values of the ordinates of the spectral response of elastic reactions. The relative
reduction of the values of the ordinates of the spectral response of elastic reactions is found by dividing by
the value of the state coefficient, which characterizes the ability of the structural system to withstand
seismic effects in the field of nonlinear deformation.
A.65 Spectra of elastic reactions: The sum of the absolute values of the maximum response acceleration
(reaction) of a linear oscillator during seismic impact given by an accelerogram, taking into account its
natural frequency and defined by the damping parameter of the oscillator.
A.66 Specialized scientific research institutions: Institutions whose activity area includes scientific
research work in the field of seismic-resistant construction, engineering seismology, and small seismic
zoning, which utilize the necessary equipment and specialists to conduct relevant theoretical and
experimental work.
Machine Translated by Google
A.67 Special seismic protection systems: Systems that allow the building to reduce seismic loads (on and off
connections, dynamic vibration dampers, energy absorbers, seismic isolation systems).
A.68 special technical conditions: Developed for a specific construction project requirements not included in
the existing and applicable regulations or additional requirements for its safety Technical regulations
containing technical requirements. Notes
1. Technical conditions are developed as part of technical documentation and are used in They are
used as a document that complements the standards.
2. Special technical conditions for the design of the objects specified in clause 1.4 of this regulation It is
developed by the authorized state body for the development and implementation of policy in the field of
architecture and construction.
A.69 Walls made of earthen materials: Raw brick, rammed earth, double-walled earth, and rammed earth walls.
A.70 Joints that do not provide separate operation of load-bearing and non-load-bearing structures: Joints that prevent
mutual displacement of load-bearing and non-load-bearing structures during seismic action.
A.71 Joints that ensure separate operation of load-bearing and non-load-bearing structures: Joints that do not prevent
mutual displacement of load-bearing and non-load-bearing structures (within the limits specified by the standard) during
seismic action.
A.74 attic floor: The upper floor in the attic space, the facade of which is formed entirely or partially above a sloping or
broken roof, in which case the intersection of the roof and the facade plane should be no more than 1.5 meters above
the floor level of the attic floor.
A.75 basement: Half or more of the building height, Floor with the mark on the
floor surface below the planned mark of the ground.
A.76 technical floor: a floor where engineering equipment is located and communications are laid, which can be located
in the lower, upper or middle part of the building.
A.77 basement: A floor with a floor level mark below the planning mark of the ground, which is slightly less than half
the height of the building, and the upper part of the covering of the premises is located more than 200 cm above the
planning mark of the ground.
A.78 Shed: A multi-tiered frame structure (without walls and a vertical diaphragm of rigidity), free-standing in a building
or outside it, intended for the placement and maintenance of technological and other equipment.
A.79 impact effect: The response of the elements of a structure (in the form of internal forces, moments, stresses,
deformations), or the response of the entire structure to a given impact.
82
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B appendix
(mandatory)
Symbols, their abbreviations, and conditional signs. The following basic symbols
A.80 second type effects (P-∆ effects): Unwanted effects arising from excessive displacement of the
structural system during seismic impact (for example, additional actions in the column).
and abbreviations were used in these regulations. Note – The definitions of certain symbols are
provided in the text of these regulations where they are used.
A.81 stiffness core: A vertical structure in a closed form in plan, aimed at receiving horizontal seismic loads
and distributing horizontal seismic
Ac – the cross-sectional area offorces to theelement;
a concrete foundation.
EE – the effect of
seismic impact (force, displacement, etc.); EEi – the effect of seismic
A.82impact according
wall: An elementtoofthestructural
i-th oscillation
systemsmode. Ed – the
that holds calculated
other value
elements, andofthe wall should be continuous
the impact effect;
with door and window openings. The surface of the wall typically has a vertical orientation.
Fik – the horizontal calculated seismic load on the building for the i-th form of its own oscillations
applied
A.83atform
point
ofk;oscillation
Fikv – thearound
verticalitscalculated
own axis: seismic
The formload
of on the building
oscillation formass
of the the i-th form
of the of its in the form
building
own oscillations applied at point k;
of rotation relative to the vertical (Z) axis of the building passing through the center of stiffness.
Fa – seismic load on the non-load-bearing element; Lk – the size of the k-th layer covering in the
A.84 fundamental mode of the building's own oscillation: The oscillation form that contributes the most
direction perpendicular to the direction of the seismic forces' impact;
modal masses in the direction being considered at the lowest frequency. The form of the fundamental mode
of oscillation participates in each direction of the seismic load applications being considered.
Маk – the rotational moment applied to the k-th layer relative to its vertical axis;
NEd – the calculated axial force corresponding to the relevant seismic design situation; S(agR) – a
A.85 non-load-bearing structural elements of buildings: Structures that are part of the building but do not
coefficient that characterizes the intensity of seismic effects on the construction site, describing the site
participate in receiving seismic loads (fences, parapets, guards, fillings).
conditions; Sd(T) – the spectrum of calculated reactions that characterize the horizontal component of
seismic effects; Sdv(T) – the spectrum of calculated reactions that characterize the vertical component of
A.86 non-structural non-load-bearing elements: Various types of equipment and mechanisms within the
seismic effects; ST – a coefficient that takes into account the topographical effects of seismic amplification
building's composition, including mechanical equipment, transfer pipes, hanging facades, etc.
on the construction site. Sa – the seismic coefficient considered in determining the calculated seismic loads
for non-loadbearing elements; TC – the maximum period in the stable section of the graph of the spectrum
A.87 non-structural
of calculated elements
reactions that with special
characterize responsibility:
the horizontal Non-load-bearing
component structural elements or equipment
of seismic effects;
that pose a threat to human life and health due to the presence of harmful (toxic) or other substances
(liquids) stored, processed, or used. Responsibility is determined by the technical assignment of the
engineering technologist of the production process.
TCv – the maximum value of the period in the stable section of the graph of the spectrum of calculated
reactions characterizing the vertical component of seismic impact;
Ti – the oscillation period of the i-th mode of the building in the horizontal direction; Ti – the
oscillation period of the i-th mode of the building in the vertical direction; Ptot – the total
gravitational load of the seismic situation considered on the floor and above it;
Ui(zk) and Ui(zj) – the displacement during the self-oscillation of the building or structure in the i-th
mode; Vtot – the total seismic force at the level of the floor;
Wa – the weight of the non-structural element;
ag – the calculated acceleration in g units, which characterizes the calculated horizontal intensity of
seismic impact on the building or structure;
agR – high accelerations for the type of soil conditions according to IA seismic properties;
KR KCh 20-02:2024
agv – the calculated acceleration in the g component, which characterizes the calculated vertical intensity
of the seismic impact on the building or structure; ar – the dynamic coefficient taking into account the
possible amplification of the load-bearing element.
de – the difference in average horizontal displacements of the lower and upper coverings of the considered
floor caused by calculated seismic loads; dr – the difference in average horizontal displacements of the
lower and upper coverings of the considered floor caused by calculated seismic impact; drs – the horizontal
displacement of the floor during the seismic calculated load based on the spectrum of calculated reactions;
eak – the unexpected eccentricity of the mass of the k-th floor accepted in the same direction on all floors
of the building;
fcd ‒the calculated value of the compressive strength of concrete; fek ‒the coefficient taking into account
the non-regulation of buildings at the level of the covering above the k-th floor. fek ‒the coefficient taking
into account the non-regulation of buildings at the level of the k-th floor in terms of height. q – the
reduction coefficient for the conditions considered when determining the design seismic loads for buildings
or structures qa – the reduction coefficient for the conditions considered when determining the design
seismic loads for non-load-bearing elements; mik – the effective modal mass associated with point k, (it
corresponds to the i-th vibration mode:
vd – the normalized design axial force in the columns above the units (νd=NEd/Ac·fcd);
νs,30 – the average value of the propagation velocity of S-waves in the vertical 30-meter thickness of the soil
when deformation occurs at a rate of 10-5 or less; νs,10 – the average value of the propagation velocity of S-
waves in the vertical 10-meter thickness of the soil when deformation occurs at a rate of 10-5 or less; γa – the
coefficient considering its responsibility when determining the design seismic loads corresponding to non-
load-bearing elements; γIh – the coefficient considering the responsibility of the building structure when
determining the design horizontal seismic load; γIv – the coefficient considering the responsibility of the
building structure when determining the design vertical seismic load; γτ – the coefficient for the working
conditions of stone, reinforced stone, concrete, wood, and steel structures;
-A map showing the intensity of ground shaking (measured in points) during the maximum possible
earthquakes in the territory of Kyrgyzstan;
The distribution map of the maximum local magnitude MLH shows the expected earthquake
predictions with the maximum local magnitudes MLH values indicated along the fault lines,
highlighting the potential areas for earthquakes.
The map of the highest accelerations (PGA) for horizontal ground motion in the seismic activity of
Kyrgyzstan is characterized by the following isolines with amplitudes of horizontal peak ground
accelerations indicating the region's potential seismic hazard: <0.2 g; 0.2 g; 0.3 g; 0.4 g; 0.5 g; 0.6 g.
g; 0.7 g. The
map showing the intensity of ground shaking in potential maximum earthquakes in the territory
of Kyrgyzstan is divided into zones, within each of which the potential seismic hazard is conditionally
accepted as stable and characterized by whole points – 7, 8, 9, and above 9 points.
KR KC 20-02:202
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G appendix
(mandatory)
The indicators of seismic hazard are shown by points and acceleration. The list of
populatedareas of the Kyrgyz Republic: with the intensity of the earthquake (IPE) points, the
upperlimit (peak) acceleration (PGA1) of the horizontal component of seismic oscillation related
tothe rocky ground condition is g=981 cm/sec2. G.1 table (Batken region)
The
importance
P of the ag
G accounting
Populated Village A of the
N District 1
o area council ground
,
a types in
g constructio
I
P R n sites (g in
E size)
I
I I
B I I
A
I I
Batken
region
50 years of Leilek Toguz- 0 0 0
Kyrgyzstan 0 0
. . .
Bulak . .
3 3 4
1 8 2 2
2 7 7
9 9
2 0 3
50 years of the 0 0 0
USSR
Leilek Beshkent 0 0
. . .
. .
2 4 5 6
9 4 4
9 3 3
9 9
0 9 7
Forward 0 0 0
Adyr Kadamja 0 0
. . .
i . .
4 5 6
3 9 4 4
9 3 3
9 9
0 9 7
Jin-Jigen sh. 0 0 0
0
0 . . .
5 Kyzyl- 8 .
.
3 3 4
8 Kiya 3
3 3 7 8
0
0 5 0
Ring Sh. 0 0 0
0 0
1 . . .
1
Suluktu 9
. .
4 5 6
4 4
3 9 3 3
9 9
0 9 7
Kosh-Bulak Sh. 0 0 0
0 0
1 . . .
1
Suluktu 9
. .
4 5 6
4 4
9 9 3 3
9 9
0 9 7
Suzak Kyzyl- 0 0 0
0
3 0 . . .
5
Tuu 8 .
.
2 3 3
1 Zhasasyn-2 2
2
4 0 8
0
0 0 0
Kölmö Jalal- 0 0 0
0
4 0 . . .
1
Abad 9 .
.
4 4 5
4
3 4 0 4 2
0
0 0 0
Tendik Tash- 0 0 0
0 0
5 . . .
8
Komur 8
. .
2 2 3
1 1
5 2 9 6
9 9
8 0 7
White Water 0 0 0
Zhol-Kolot October 0
7 0 . . .
.
0 8 . 3 3 4
3
6 3 3 7 8
0
0 5 0
Agitation 0 0 0
Baigönchök Ak-Talaa 0
8 0 . . .
.
7 8 . 2 3 3
2
7 2 4 0 8
0
0 0 0
1
Kochkorchu Chong- Chong- 0 0
0 0 0
Alaï Alay . . .
2 . .
9 4 5 6
3 4 4
9 3 3
6 9 9
0 9 7
1
Movement Ozgon Tort-Kol 0
0 0 0
0 . . .
2 .
8 . 2 3 3
8 2
2 4 0 8
8 0
0 0 0
Töloyken Osh 0 0 0
1 0
0 . . .
4 .
9 . 4 4 5
0 4
4 0 4 2
4 0
0 0 0
1
Kozuchak Talas Berdike 0
0 0 0
0 . . .
5 baatyr 8 .
.
3 3 4
2 3
3 3 7 8
9 0
0 5 0
1
Second Five- Alamudu Grozdensk 0 0
0 0 0
Year Plan y . . .
6 n 8
. .
2 2 3
4 1 1
2 9 6
3 9 9
8 0 7
1
Uchkun Sokuluk Novopav 0 0
0 0 0
. . .
8 lovka 8
. .
2 2 3
8 1 1
2 9 6
6 9 9
8 0 7
D application
(information)
D.1.1 In general, seismic effects can be characterized by dependencies that describe the seismic motion of
time in accelerations, velocities, or even displacements. This application considers the description of
seismic effects using acceleration records (accelerograms).
D.1.2 Depending on the available data and the specifics of the tasks being solved, the description of
seismic effects over time can be performed using instrumental, artificial, and synthesized
accelerograms.
D.1.3 When performing calculations for buildings and structures using flat computational models of
seismic effects, accelerograms that characterize the motion of the base in one direction may be provided.
D.1.4 When performing calculations for buildings and structures using flat computational models of
seismic effects, as a rule, three accelerograms should be considered - two for orthogonal horizontal
directions and one for vertical directions.
The simplifications adopted during the description of seismic effects should be based on the
appropriate level.
D.1.5 The calculation of buildings and structures using instrumental, artificial, and synthesized
accelerograms and the interpretation of the obtained results should be carried out with the participation of
scientific research organizations specialized in the field of seismic-resistant construction.
D.2.1 Artificial accelerograms should be generated in such a way that they correspond to the spectra of the
elastic responses constructed according to D.2.2 and D.2.3 for 5% viscous damping.
N O T E – From an engineering perspective, the spectrum of responses is an objective indicator of the seismic hazard of
earthquakes and contains information that characterizes the effect of seismic impact on structures in a clear form. The
calculated seismic effects provided with accelerograms that correspond to the spectra of elastic responses have greater
stability against unexpected factors compared to the freely selected accelerograms.
D.2.2 The calculated values of horizontal peak accelerations at the construction site should be taken as the
ag value defined according to point 6.3.2, and these are multiplied by the value of γI defined according to
the interpretations in Table D.1, the responsibility coefficient. The value of ag∙γI should not exceed the value
of agR∙S.
D.2.3 The calculated values of vertical peak accelerations at the construction site should be taken as the ag
value defined according to point 7.5.5, and these are multiplied by the value of γI defined according to the
interpretations in Table D.1, the responsibility coefficient.
N O T E – Points D.2.2 and D.2.3 do not extend the definition of the calculated values of ag and agv accelerations taken
into account during the design of buildings with seismic isolation systems.
KR KC 20-02:2024
D.1 table of values – significance of the responsibility coefficient for buildings
Responsibility Values of the coefficients γI
class of buildings
accordi
ng to
the
designat
ion
II 1.0 ≤ I ≤I = 1.0 + 0.04 * (n -
The values of periods TB and TC that determine the shape of the spectrum of response accelerations
depending on the type of soil conditions at the construction site are given in Table D.2.
Se/ag
2.5 2.5η
2,5 ,5(ηТ
2(СT/CТ/
)
1
TB TC
T
Figure D.1
The general view of the normalized spectrum of seismic reactions proposed for use in the construction of
joint-synthesized accelerograms describing the vertical components of seismic effects is shown in Figure
D.2. Depending on the type of soil conditions at the construction site, the values of the periods TB and TC
and the coefficient k that determine the shape of the spectrum of seismic reactions are presented in Table
D.3.
KR KCh 20-02:2024
TBv TCv
Tv=2 c
Table D.2D.3 – TV and TS and k value
Types of
layer TVv, s TCv, s k
conditions
IA and IB 0.60
II 0.05 0.20 0.45
III 0.35
D.2.6 The amplitudes that are to be bent, the duration of artificial accelerograms, and the significance of
the high acceleration must correspond to the characteristics of seismic events that affect magnitude and
the parameters of the accelerograms. The general appearance of the bending amplitudes of artificial
accelerograms is shown in Figure D.3.
Figure D.3
D.2.7 The time intervals corresponding to the sections related to the increase of amplitudes (TA), the
installation of amplitudes (TS), and the decrease of amplitudes (TB) should be accepted based on the
magnitude of the earthquake, the geological conditions of the area, and its location relative to the epicenter
of the earthquake. D.2.8 In the absence of the complete volume of necessary information regarding the
engineering-seismological characteristics of the constructed areas, the duration of the part of the artificial
accelerograms being installed should be accepted as TS, not less than 10 seconds, and the total duration
should be accepted as not less than 25 seconds. D.2.9 The set of artificial accelerograms must meet the
following conditions:
a) the average value of spectral accelerations in the zero period is considered for the area in
question, it should not be less than the value of ag
∙
γ
I;
b) if the calculations of buildings and structures are planned to be performed with nonlinear settings, then in the
range of periods from 0.2T1 to 2T1, no value of the average spectrum of elastic reactions during 5%
damping, specifically designed for 5% damping, should be less than 90% of the corresponding value of the
given spectrum of elastic reactions;
c) if the calculations of the building and structures are planned to be performed with linear settings, then
condition (b) should be maintained in the period range from 0.2T1 to 1.1T1;
d) if artificial accelerograms are used with seismic isolation systems if used for calculations in buildings
and structures, then b) the condition must be that the upper limit is not less than 1.2Tis during the time
range formed. N O T E – T1 – the main purpose of the building's accelerogram in the direction of oscillation; Tis – the
effective period of
the seismic isolated oscillation considered in the limited permissible case.
D.3.1 It is recommended to use the following obtained instrumental records for calculating buildings and
structures under seismic impact, provided by instrumental recordings of earthquakes:
D.3.4 Accelerograms synthesized through modeling the mechanism of the seismogenic source and the
propagation of seismic waves, these accelerograms can be applied under normalized conditions relevant to
the characteristics of the geological conditions typical for the seismogenic sources and the area under
consideration.
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E attachment
(mandatory)
The stiffness of reinforced concrete and stone structures in the computational models of
buildings and structures
E.1 Determining the reaction of buildings and structures to the seismic effect during the identification of the
stiffness of reinforced concrete and/or stone structures, the spectral-modal method should be used during
linear elastic analysis, and it is permissible to provide assumptions regarding the variability of the
quantitative compatibility between the calculated values of all structures before and after the occurrence of
cracks.
Note – the assumptions regarding the invariability of the quantitative compatibility between the calculated values of all
structures before and after the occurrence of cracks are based on the results of linear elastic calculations performed in the
design solutions of buildings and structures.
E.2 If the stiffness of reinforced concrete and/or stone structures is provided according to point E.1 then their
values will calculate the following:
a) determining seismic loads and actions in structures during the design of reinforced concrete and stone
structures, taking into account the initial values of the modulus of the concrete or stone wall with the full
cross-section of the elements of the structures shown in the applicable regulatory documents;
b) determining the magnitudes of displacements considered during the design of anti-seismic joints and
during the verification of horizontal displacements of floors and second-type effects against normative
limits (P-∆ effects) – taking into account the full cross-section of the elements of the structures, but
accepting the reduction of the initial moduli of the concrete elasticity and the coefficient of 0.5.
E.3 The distribution of seismic loads between the structures and buildings in fact depends not on the
absolute value of the rigidity of the structures but on the compatibility of their rigidities in the stage of
plastic deformation, considering that it is allowed to take into account the calculated values of the rigidity of
the structures during the initial stage of the reinforcement's ductility when cracks appear.
NOTES
1. The calculations of buildings and structures according to point E.3 allow for:
-predicting the effect of the nonlinear state on the distribution of seismic loads between structures;
-the impact of mechanisms for the development of plastic deformations in structural systems.
2. The calculations of buildings and structures according to point E.3 should be carried out with the participation of
specialized scientific-research organizations until the relevant regulatory documents are developed.
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Annex
(information)
Parameters of the equivalent elastic modulus of the soil during the calculation of the
interaction between the building or structure and the soil foundation
J.1 The effects of calculated seismic impacts, taking into account the interaction of buildings and structures
with the soil foundation, differ significantly in magnitude, whether considered or not, always to a greater or
lesser extent.
N O T E – The reduction or increase of calculated seismic impacts may occur mainly when considering the interaction of
buildings or structures.
J.2 The greatest difference between the effects considering and not considering the interaction of buildings
and structures with the soil foundation is observed in the following cases:
v Th0,1 (J.1)
s
where h – is the height corresponding to the first form of oscillation in the considered direction, calculated
from the center of the given mass, which can be accepted as 2/3 of the total height of buildings and
structures, assuming uniform distribution of mass and stiffness in plan and height;
T – is the period of the first oscillation form of the building or structure determined without considering its
interaction with the soil foundation in the considered direction;
vs – is the average speed of propagation of longitudinal waves at a greater level of deformation of the soil
below the foundation's base.
NOTE
1. The value of vs in the case of a high level of deformation should be determined according to J.4.2.
2. During the determination of vs, the height of the soil thickness should be defined as given in J.4.5.
J.3 When determining the periods of the natural oscillations of buildings and structures, taking into account
their interaction with the soil foundation, the parameters of the soil's elastic modulus should be calculated
using the following: a) experimental data on the speed of propagation of elastic waves in the layer of soil
located below the foundation in the considered area;
b) correlation empirical relationships of the physical-mechanical properties of the soil during static loads
with the speed of propagation of elastic waves in the soil;
The points listed below are not dynamically stable, and their diversity does not spread across sandy-clay layers; they are
capable of liquefying during seismic impacts.
According to item J.4 J.3 a), the equivalent elastic modulus of the layers should be determined. Items J.4.1
– J.4.6 should be used during the determination of parameters.
J.4.1 The main parameter characterizing the equivalent elastic modulus of the layer during seismic impacts
is considered to be the G shear modulus, which is calculated according to the following formula:
G = ρ · vs² (J.2)
where
KR KCh 20-02:2024
G – the shear modulus of the soil at a depth below the base level during deformation; ρ – defined at the
effective depth of the soil thickness below the base level, the average relative mass of the soil; vs – defined
in reference J.2. The parameters of the equivalent elastic stiffness considered in the calculation models of
buildings and structures must correspond to the level of deformation during the intensity of the earthquake.
To maintain this condition, the values of vs and G must be determined taking into account the values of the
relationships vs/vso and G/Go presented in Table J.1. In the relationships vs/vso and G/Go: vs – the average
velocity of wave propagation at a greater level of deformation of the soil below the base level, measured
during the execution of tests on the construction site. Go – the shear modulus of the soil at a lower level of
deformation below the base level. Table J.1 – the values of the relationships vs/vso and G/Go.
Δσ(z) – the increase in vertical stress at a depth of z from the weight of the building or structure.
J.4.5 The value of zp (in meters) should be accepted as follows for the flatness of monolithic
reinforced concrete slabs and rigid foundations:
a) During the calculation of the vsо value, the striving of the foundations during equivalent vertical and
horizontal oscillations of the soil foundation is taken into account when characterizing the equivalent
Determining the modulus of G movement
elastic modulus - according to the interpretation of (J.5):
During the determination of the modulus of G movement, which characterizes the equivalent elasticity of
the soil foundation during the oscillatory movement in the vertical plane of the foundations, it is taken into
account according to the (J.5) notation:
4 0.75 *
z p (J.6)
I
where I – the static moment of inertia of the base slab in the plan, relative to the horizontal central
axis compared to the orthogonal direction, which will be analyzed by the constructive system.
The method described in J.4.5 can be applied to other types of rigid foundations (for example, movable ones). In this case,
the overall dimensions of the foundations in the plan should be taken into account.
J.4.6 The elastic properties of the soil during septic seismic effects
The equivalent modulus is
determined by the
followingexpression: E = 2G(1 + μ) (J.7) mindaμ –
Poisson's dynamic coefficient.
If there is no experimental data on the propagation speed of elastic waves in the construction site, then the
value of the deformation modulus of the soil should be significant as a determining parameter of its
equivalent elastic stiffness, which is determined based on the results of static tests, but is increased by a
factor of 10.
In this case, it is necessary to adhere to the provisions of paragraphs J.5.1 and J.5.2. If the equivalent elastic
modulus of the foundation is accepted according to J.5, or if it is accepted based on reference data,
then to determine the natural frequencies and forms of the buildings and structures, as well as the
effects of seismic influences (seismic loads in structures, actions, thermal effects), two computational
models of the building or structure should be used.
KR KC 20-02:202
4
It is necessary to increase the equivalent stiffness of the foundation determined according to item 5 by
1.5 times, and in other cases, it should be decreased by 1.5 times. Note – When checking the requirements for the
continuity (regularity) of buildings and structures, it is allowed to use a computational model based on elastic foundations
with a value of ground deformation increased by 10 times or the dynamic characteristics of the foundation's stiffness.
5.2 During the design of buildings and structures, the significant values of seismic effects obtained using
two computational models accepted according to item 5.1 should be taken into account. 6 When
determining the duration and form of the natural vibration of buildings and structures, as well as when
identifying the effects of seismic influences, the distribution property of the soil outside the area of the
foundation's base should not be taken into account if it is not confirmed by the results of appropriate
dynamic tests.
KR KC 20-02:2024
And its appendix
(mandatory)
9 ≥ 392.4 ≥ 0.4
1 Notes: The seismic force of an earthquake with a magnitude higher than 9 is a zone – the local magnitude is 7.6 and
above, where possible earthquake epicenters may occur. 2 This is based on the seismic force (intensity) scale established by
the Institute of Seismology of the National Academy of Sciences of the Kyrgyz Republic on November 29, 2018, No. 5,
which shows the characteristics of ground shaking for earthquakes of various magnitudes in Kyrgyzstan on the map
indicated by the intensity of ground shaking forces (intensity) in points.
KR KC 20-02:202
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To the attachment
mj c 1j
(mandatory)
provisions
K.1.1 The structural schemes of buildings are classified as less regular and excessively irregular based on
plan or height.
N o t e – The term "Building" hereinafter refers to separate independent parts. In buildings consisting of several separate
independent parts, the classification of regularity and the relevant criteria belong to dynamic independent parts.
K.1.2 The difference between regular and irregular structural schemes is significant for design aspects,
which are related to the following: ‒the effects of calculated seismic impacts in load-bearing
structures by identifying;
‒the nominal and calculated mass in the accounting models of buildings by selecting the
value of unexpected eccentricities between the designs.
K.1.3 The regularity of buildings in terms of plan and height presented in this appendix
The criteria for the regularity of buildings are based on the
regularity criteria of buildings which results of calculations of seismic effects on buildings
K.1.4 If the building is excessively irregular in plan and/or height and/or torsional response, then its
structural scheme is subject to design or re-evaluation according to special technical conditions.
N O T E – During the establishment of special technical conditions, the excessive irregularity effect on the seismic stability
of buildings can only be fully compensated by linear-elastic calculations based on provisions applicable to regular or less
regular buildings.
K.2.1 A building can be classified as regular in terms of height if the conditions (K.1) and (K.2) are met:
d h1k≤de, 1k ∙ k
e,k
1.25; (K.1)
h
m1j cj
,1 25
(K.2)
(K.1) and (K.2) definitions: de,k and de,k+1 – the difference in the average horizontal position of the upper
and lower coverings of the k-th and k+1-th floors, which correspond to the calculated seismic loads; dre,k
and dre,k+1 do not take into account the accidental rotation effects during the definition;
hk and hk+1 – the heights of the k-th and k+1-th floors. mj and cj – the mass and horizontal stiffness of
the last (j-th) floor of a multi-storey building or the second floor of a two-storey building;
KR KCh 20-02:2024
mj-1 and cj-1 – the mass and horizontal rigidity of the lower located (j-1) of a multi-storey building or the
first floor of a two-storey building; K.2.2 If there are openings in the building, then the following additional
conditions must be observed (see Figure K.1 and the following points a) – b)): a) For openings arranged in a
symmetrical manner, the total size of the openings on any floor must not be less than 20% of the previous
size in the plan of the lower located floor (see Figure K.1 a) and Figure K.1 b)); b) For single openings that
maintain octagonal symmetry in at least 15% of the total height of the main structural system, the total size
of the edges must not exceed 50% of the previous size in the plan of the lower located base zone (see Figure
K.1 c)). In this case, the construction of the base zone within the vertical projection of the perimeter of the
upper floors in such a building, but without an enlarged base, must be designed to accept at least 75% of the
horizontal cross forces;
Note – b) To maintain the condition, the calculations of the building must generally be carried out using two calculation
models. The first calculation model must correspond to the actual configuration of the building. The second calculation
model must correspond to the configuration of the building without an extended base zone. The results of the calculations
performed using the second calculation model must confirm that the construction of the base zone is capable of accepting at
least 75% of the horizontal forces determined using the first model within the vertical projection of the perimeter of the
building and that there is no permissible horizontal deformation of the floors.
c) If the openings do not maintain symmetry, then on each external side of the building: - the total size of
the openings on all floors must not exceed 30% of the size in the plan of the lower floor located above or
below the foundation; - individual openings must not exceed 10% of the previous size of the building in
the plan (see Figure K.1 d). K.2.3 The building can be classified as less regular in height if the conditions
(K.3) and (K.4) are met:
dh 1k ≤ 1.5;
1.25 < e,k
de, 1k · k
(K.3)
K.2.4 It is necessary to classify structural systems that do not comply with the criteria specified in
K.2.2 by height as excessive irregular (see K.1.4) K.2.5 If there are protrusions in the building, the
following additional conditions must be observed (see Figure K.2 and the following points a) - b)): a) For
protrusions that maintain octagonal symmetry, the total size of protrusions on any floor should not be less
than 30% of the previous size on the plan of the lower floor relative to the protrusions (see Figure K.2 a)
and Figure K.2 b)); b) For single protrusions that maintain octagonal symmetry in the limits of at least 20%
of the total height of the main structural system, the total size of the edges should not exceed 75% of the
previous size on the plan of the lower base zone relative to the protrusions (see Figure K.2 c). In this case,
the construction of the base zone within the vertical projection limits of the perimeter of the upper floors in
such a building, but without an enlarged base, should be designed to accept at least 75% of the horizontal
cross forces; c) if the protrusions do not maintain symmetry, then on each external side of the building:
KR KC 20-02:202
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-the total amount of the structures on all floors should not exceed 45% of the dimensions on the plan of
the lower floor located above or below the solid part of the foundation;
-independent structures should not exceed 15% of the previous dimensions of the building on the plan (see
Figure K.2).
Figure K.1 – Regularity criteria for structures and buildings
K.3.1 A building in the plan can be classified as regular if it meets all the following criteria:
a) The first and second forms of the building's own oscillations in the plan are not rotating relative to the
vertical axis; Note – The first and second forms of the building's own oscillations in the plan (lower forms or fundamental
tones) are considered to be directed towards its main orthogonal axes.
b) The maximum and average values of the horizontal displacements of each covering (roof) based on the
fundamental tones of the building's own oscillations differ by no more than 10%;
c) The coverings of the building have effective connections with vertical load-bearing structures, while the
calculated values of the horizontal displacement of the coverings are determined taking into account the fact
of the alignment of the coverings on their own plane at all points, and at these same points, the calculated
values of the oscillations do not exceed 10% of the absolute rigidity of the covering.
g) the long side of the building (Lmax) to the orthogonal short side (Lmin) the relationship
does not exceed 4 (λ=Lmax/Lmin≤4);
d) the configuration of the building in the plan is collective, otherwise it is said that each floor of the
building is bounded by a polygonal strip forming a protruding polygon, and in this case:
‒the protruding or recessed openings in the floor (building) plan does not affect
the hardness of the coverings and the vertical structures does not complicate
effective communication;
‒ар бир кирип турган урчуктун аянты жабуунун жалпы аянтынын 5 % ашпайт ( К.6
image); ‒the area of each recessed opening does not exceed 5% of the total area of the covering (K.6 the
depth of each recessed opening in the considered direction (entering
Th
e Translated Text 1
sh
ort The size of each vertex in the plan does not exceed its inscription; the total area between
the covering contour and the polygonal strip.
KR KC 20-02:202
4
rig
‒the openings in the coverings do not complicate the transfer of seismic loads to vertical structures.
Examples of the external configuration of buildings in accordance with point K.3.1 are shown in figure
K.4.
K.3.2 A building can be classified as less regular in plan if it meets all the following criteria:
a) the first form of the building's own vibrations in the plan does not act as
a converter;
b) the main frequencies of the building's own vibrations for each return the maximum and average values of
horizontal displacements do not exceed 25% of each other differentiates; v) the coverings and re-coverings
of the building are vertical elevators have effective connections with structures, while the calculated values
of the horizontal displacement of the re-coverings are determined taking into account the deformation of
their coverings in their own flatness and do not exceed 20% of the calculated value of the heat, they are
determined in estimating the absolute rigidity of the covering;
δδ
fl
ri 100%
g 20%
(K.6)
g) the long side of the building (Lmax) to the short side (Lmin) does not
exceed the value of 6 (λ=Lmax/Lmin≤6);
d) Used with the following changes in
paragraph K.3.1: the area of each incoming
opening
does not exceed 10% of the total area of the
‒
cover
The short (
distance from the peak of the turret to the polygonal strip does not exceed 25% of the
K.6
dimensions of the main direction's floor.
ima The depth of each incoming impact
‒The size of each vertex in the plan does not exceed its inscription; the total area
‒between the covering contour and the polygonal strip. does not exceed
30% of the total area of the cover;
‒The notches in the frogs provide seismic loads to vertical structures. does not make it
difficult to give.
According to point K.3.2, examples of the external configuration of buildings that meet the plan are shown
in figure K.5. The escort – For coverings above the ground floor and basement floors, the requirements of points "b" and
"v" of Appendix
K.3.1 may be disregarded in the following cases without meeting the requirements of point "v" of Appendix K.3.2:
a) If there are walls in the basement and ground floor of the building (block) that are part of the overall system of
the building and those walls receive pressure from the ground, then it is allowed to disregard the requirements of
points "b" and "v" for the walls located along the direction of seismic impact.
b) if the underground parts of the building are connected to the pressure-receiving walls of the ground
according to point 9.3.3 of these construction standards, which are built in a contiguous circular manner
(construction).
KR KCh 20-02:2024
In section K.3.3, buildings that do not comply with one or more criteria listed and buildings that
comply with all criteria listed in section K.3.2 should be classified as less regular in the plan.
In section K.3.4, buildings that do not comply with one or more criteria listed in section K.3.2 should be
classified as excessive irregular in the plan. In section K.3.5, buildings that do not comply with the criteria
in section K.3.2 a) should be classified as convertible-approachable in the plan. In section K.3.6, the
eccentricities between the centers of masses and stiffnesses in buildings with asymmetric distribution of
masses and/or asymmetric configuration can be reasonably minimized by choosing the appropriate
schemes for vertical structures and their stiffnesses.
F /F B A 0.05
Fig. 6
KR KC 20-02:2024
L appendix (mandatory) Determining the horizontal
displacements of the building
floors
L.1 During the verification of condition (7.29), the horizontal displacements of the considered buildings are
determined by the magnitudes of the horizontal displacements (drs) conditioned by the angular
deformations of the structural systems in the vertical plane.
Note
The angular
– deformations of the structural system in the vertical plane may arise from the tensile-compressivevertical
deformations in vertical structures (in walls and/or columns) and/or from the oscillation of the building's foundation due to
the inclination.
L.2 The calculated values should be determined taking into account the characteristics of the horizontal
deformation of various structural systems according to the height of drs. For the deformation schemes
shown in Figure L.1, the drs value can be determined according to the interpretations provided inpoints
L.2.1 – L.2.3.
a) b) c)
ddrer ddrer
ddrer
ddrer dre
dr
dre
dr rs =d
L.2.1 The deformation in the displacement forms (Figure L.1a), for typical, for example, rigid andflexible
frame structures, if the calculated values of the horizontal displacements of the floors are
without significant error, is determined by the interpretation of (L.1):
(L.2)
cos\alpha
d h tg r
140
d .cos rs e
L.2.3 For the vertical cores of rigidity and
structuralsystems typical for the construction, in the
form of deformation (Figure L.1c), the calculated
value of thedisplacements of the floors (L.3) can be
determined according to the interpretation:
KR KCh 20-02:2024
dre – the difference in horizontal heat flows of the lower and upper coverings of the considered floor; the
horizontal heat flows of the lower and upper coverings of the considered floor should be determined based
on the spectrum of the calculated reactions, taking into account the rotation of the building in the plan
according to the results of the linear calculation.
α – the turning point of the lower covering of the considered floor in the vertical plane.
KR KCh 20-02:2024
M appendix
(recommendation)
Preliminary assessment of the periods of the first form of the oscillation of residential and public
buildings: for stone buildings T = 0.042 n (n < 5); for wall buildings for reinforced concrete frame T
= 0.045 n (n < 9); T = 0.088 n (n < 12);
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